Hi! A biologist working on AI here. ESM3 is great, but the claims made in the scientific paper and in this video are overestimated. Since 2010, and even without AI, we’ve had algorithms capable of simulating "500 million years of evolution." In fact, when the preprint of ESM was released, many scientists commented on the title and several conclusions, pointing out that they were misleading. That said, ESM3 is fantastic, it paves the way for new research areas like multimodality. However, since it’s not an open-source tool, improving it is complicated. The same applies to AlphaFold3, which imposes many restrictions on its use, quite different from the scenario when AlphaFold2 was released. If you have any specific questions about these topics, feel free to ask! :)
The craziest protein study I heard of was that of mice that were trained to run a maze. Their protein map was analyzed, synthesized, and injected into mice that hadn't learned the maze. They were able to successfully run the maze. It was some show with that Asian astrophysicist with crazy hair taking about future advancements.
@@Richdaddyewhat's really crazy about that is how it points to strict determinism being the actual nature of reality and our consciousness being more of a post-hoc rationalization machine to keep us in the eating/mating/sleeping game
I can already imagine them trying to stop global warming with this thing only for it to go into a runaway cascade and cause the next ice age with countless people dying of starvation...
Wes, your strength is your conversation style, intonation and cadence... pronunciation improving! This vid is the best story of the year, so friggin good, but missing your face 🙏
Really lol, and well said! We're gonna let AI open millions of cans of glowy parasitic worms and Pandora's boxes. Wes's vids never disappoint... hope humanity's future follows Wes's example...
That’s top of my list given people don’t want to to watch their loved ones die. anyway, i have a pug who hates music and all movies EXCEPT- i am legend…No joke, I can put it on and she will sit there motionless watching- start to finish - she hardly blinks. It’s the strangest fucking thing.
Hey Wes. I’ve been watching for a long while. Just wanted to tell you I really appreciate you making these videos. Timely information explored in depth with focus. Thanks for everything you do!
Yes! Me too, when i was younger i always wondered if there are also glowing plants if there are glowing animals... i awas disapointed when i found out they don't exist lol...
So i was wondering... you simulate 500 million years and you get a protein. Even if the building blocks for life were available at Earth's beginning 4.5 billion years ago (they werent) that would mean nine 500 million year intervals. But you need 2000 ordered proteins for the most basic living cell. Then you need a trillion of those cells all working together for a human. Not enough time for evolution, huh?
Trees are incredibly inefficient and also you can do both. In fact in most places we don't have a deforestation issue. It is unfathomable that people are destroying our natural rain forests though due to all the historical information and species that reside there.
As a biologist almost all trees are not related to each other, plants tend to just randomly evolve into trees over time. Similar this to crabs. So yes just like trees, there's a reason so many other distinct species have chosen the design (because it works.)
What are we going to do, live forever with no real experiences because our emotions are counterfeit!? Leave to Humans to ruin existence for everybody! 😂😂😂
As someone who has worked in a lab with a colleague who developed a peptide binding ML workflow, just for context he was never able to validate his results because it would have cost him $50,000 to synthesize the peptides he wanted to test. This is why I am excited about innovations in the automation of biology labs, I think the cost of validating these models and their outputs has to come down dramatically if we want to see truly transformational advances, but if I didn't think we could do it I wouldn't be trying to pursue a career in the field, I'm optimistic and excited for the future!
Good luck... you will never be able to explain the supposed spontaneous development of simple life from non life. How would the first simple protein configuration come together spontaneously? I'll wait... forever most likely....
The bad: The entire universe is consumed by an infinitely self replicating gray goo that an AI designed to break down microplastics The good: Torment Nexus stocks went through the roof right before the surface of the earth started dissolving
Which has a limited uptake in current nature, by simulating the perfect protein you could develop the genome to clone a carbon hungry species of plant. But now they're saying they don't even know if carbon is an issue for the atmosphere
@@arushford Why dont we ever hear about replanting? Running rivers threw the deserts(lowering sea levels) and planting in the deserts(decrease in CO2)? I think the biggest problem is Elites, Politics, Money and Control basically Evil. Where them unleashing a unknown lab created disease can depopulate the Earth, change elections, make money $$(vaccines, regulations, taxes ect) and gain huge control of the people. If they double gas prices to 'Faze Out Fossil Fuels' it increases the price of everything and makes them sound like Heros. The Poor will have to pay more for food, rent, products ect... to these Elites. The Elites are getting richer faster than anytime in History.
All biology is is chemistry, all chemistry is is material science. Everything interacts in someway shape or form. I've always known this was possible and I'm honestly happy its becoming a reality
I remember a movie where couple went to doctor to get a baby, and they was asking that couple: - eye color? - height? - inteligence level? - boy/girl? - I guess remove any sickness, right?
Fast forward to future: You need to repeat the schooling because you won't be able to get even basic income in 2040 with that shallow knowledge. Most of oxygen comes from algae
@@Exorcistt94 Did I write that most oxygen comes from trees? I just wrote oxygen comes from trees. Which is a true statement. Also it's a silly hypothetical. You obviously failed your comprehension. Also, roughly half of the global oxygen is from algae. Half is not a majority. It is half. Tone your aggression down lol
Yes, we must prevent actual life made this way and instead use the proteins within machines with sensors to stop the proteins when the target is reached. Also never self replication. DNA will always mutate.
And then what? A civilization of immortal morons for the torture aliens to torment for eternity? Imagine as people discover "immortality" that they're immediately taken up to be tortured for infinity and replaced with a body double controlled by an extra-cosmic intelligence designed to mimic their consciousness. That way, everyone is guaranteed to both die and be tortured for infinity at the same time who obtains anything resembling immortality
Potential for immortality, space travel (healing radiation damage, aclimating to new environments), new computer systems that can graft into people better (neurolink replacement), teraforming planets, new types of technologies that do not resemble silicon / metal tools, etc... are incredibly massive. There will be new dangers, but there will also be new solutions to those dangers. Imagine a security company that develops a method to screen the air for viral particulates, and can thus prevent outbreaks much faster. As farfetched as this may seem, a shark can smell a drop of blood in the ocean; there was a dog that was bred to smell a drug particle smaller than a grain of sand in an entire airport.
This might have the same issues that we have, for example, with AI writing computer programs. AI is good at making snake games, but your unique idea is not in the training set and therefore it likely fails. The same goes for proteins. There are many fluorescent proteins, like GFP, RFP, and BFP for green, red, and blue. The AI model can borrow inspiration from those, but for a CO2-binding protein or a plastic-degrading one, it might not work when it has never seen such a protein. In computer programming, testing a program the AI came up with is easy. For making proteins, it is more labor-intensive and will take you a few days, even if you have the best labs. For me, at university, it took about two weeks for everything to arrive and 1-2 days in the lab. Fluorescent proteins are easy to spot as soon as you create a bacterium producing them, but most proteins need to be extracted to test them, and this will take another few days and is super expensive. So, I don't want to talk this down-it's a nice area of research and might lead to very new breakthroughs, but I would not get too excited about this just yet.
i think you included your answer to the problem. it may not work but its based on the training set. So if the training set is reinforced theoretically it's bettter and better until those issues that you're speaking about become mute. the real issues is how interconnected everything is in nature, the concept becomes an issue of disrupting a balance that's difficult to truly calculate, in fact i'd argue its almost impossible. we likely will need sandboxes in real life where these things can escape, much more sophisticated than the covid lab in china obviously
@@ADRIFTHIPHOP Yes, reinforcement learning could be a promising approach. Currently, however, verifying the AI’s results is difficult because it requires human labor and is costly due to the materials involved. One could imagine an automated lab generating data to reinforce the model’s predictions, but as of now, I’m not aware of any workflow capable of doing this quickly, affordably, and precisely for all types of proteins. For fluorescent proteins, such an automated lab might be feasible with current technology (though I’m not an expert on automation-labs like this might already exist). Thinking further, one could envision AI testing proteins within bacteria by leveraging the bacteria's own machinery. For example, to test an internal protein that is hard to detect directly, you might couple it with a fluorescent protein. The fluorescence would signal to the AI that the target protein was successfully created and is functioning within the cell. Another fascinating idea is to speed up the evolution of proteins within the cell. This is essentially a brute-force trial-and-error method: only bacteria that successfully produce the desired protein survive. In this setup, the AI could design a preliminary protein, and then evolution would "brute-force" variations, with only bacteria that successfully form the working protein surviving. There are many techniques in biology that use biological systems almost like a self-learning model-capable of running, compiling, and testing the “code” for functionality. It’s incredible what’s already possible, and this can be achieved right now without needing any breakthrough discoveries, just clever engineering. The research field thinking about these ideas is called synthetic biology.
Its always impressive to those who don't know the field. Like people that are very bad at reading commenting on a text written by a very bad writer, the text seem to be good enough for the reader, but a good writer will notice it. The same with computer code those "things" generate.
I certainly agree with what your saying here, however would just like to point out that there are in fact proteins that degrade plastic tho I totally get what you're saying
Man, I'm excited and concerned at the same time... before they start releasing these new proteins. They need to create an LLM/AI that can research and investigate the long-term effects of these new genes/proteins/etc. on people, animals, and the environment.
As long as there is profits to be had, no amount of "bad idea dont do it" will get in the way. "okay, so, yea this MIGHT be an existential threat to not only life, but all matter in the universe, BUT, we can use these proteins to make a hair dye thats more vibrant"
it is. this is one of what most people would think is science fiction. now we will have those evil-scientist that you see in those movies create life in those green pods
Yes. If you didn’t know, AI has the potential to skyrocket our intelligence as a species and what we’re able to technologically achieve. So yes AI use in more fields is good. “But what if the AI proteins take over the world!!!???” Lol
5:30 maby there is a reason for why nature didn't do it (hopfully just because it takes more time..but if anything is wrong with it over time we could mess up everything like we did with carbon and plastic)
Wes’s updated workflow: let NotebookLM’s podcast feature co-write the script for the video. Imitation is the greatest form of flattery? We came full circle: human content creator mimics the style (including diction, catch phrases, analogies) of AI generated content to succeed on a platform dominated by algorithm. A human cog in an artificial machine.
nice, so this new gfp shines at ~100% like the naturals? Just asking cause i think a remember that the one in last video wasn't nearly as bright. That would be a nice step forward.
Just a level set. This is exciting stuff but every pharma company has models like this for drug discovery and development. Most are proprietary as they use commercial confidential info
That's kinda the point of these models, they are supposed to prompt it with a specific function and it designs the protein that fulfills that function and shows how it folds.
It's can be seen as translation at its core .. just like a language translator can learn to translate from English to Chinese just by taking in millions of known examples of English texts and their known correct Chinese translations.. So it can learn the patterns and generalize to be able to translate from each language to the other. This model takes in known protein sequences and their 3d structures and sequences on one side and their known functions on the other side.. So it can generalize and translate from function to 3d structure and sequence or from 3d structure and sequence to function..
Glad you brought up the consequences warning thought... because when you said something about a protein that captures carbon. This carbon based life form (and ugly bag of mostly water) doesn't like to think about this going wrong. ;-)
It's not that easy... I know you're a IT guy, I'm both that and also a molecular biologist. Just because you know the 3D structure of the protein you want and it works awesome does not mean you have the knowledge to make a cell actually produce it. It's more than just input the sequence as an mRNA molecule like the covid vaccine. Larger proteins (most proteins) will need helper proteins to fold correctly. You'd have to know how to make all of these as well. Maybe possible in the future, but not in the near future without AGI help.
Doesn't matter if you do - it's the best model of the universe. If you want to suggest something else, it's on you to present some evidence. This is also a classic case of 'god of the gaps' since we do have some understanding of it and just keep going deeper and deeper. Just like all the explanations before that. Science has let us understand the universe and improved life for everyone. Creationism has done the opposite.
@@osuf3581 if abiogenesis is true, then they will find it on other planets. Coupled with this is the belief that alien life eventually evolves to become intelligent. Therefore it must exist. Carl Sagan sold us on the whole idea and made a killing, but really, it's no less religious than creationism. There is no falsification; that's why you're asking me to prove something, like a zealot. We've been scrambling for decades to find aliens who can help us with our problems; but we got out of the Cold War without aliens. We will overcome the next crisis without aliens. It's a massive waste of time and energy. We don't need it.
WOW. Great subject pickup, well presented, goood stuff! Thank you =) Does it actually mean the path of cognition, understanding and hands-on power to change - of BIOLOGICAL LIFE? Sounds like sci-fi, but yeah, not completely. As software engineer and science enthusiast I'm trilled about how it will go
that's not how that works, the AI can't hold a patent, the effort of pressing the magic button still counts as the inventive effort, so the existing IP structure still holds
This is really exciting. I like to think of DNA as a turing-like tape with instructions for building proteins... and now there's generative AI trained simultaneously on protein sequence, structure, and function. F'n awesome.
While driving by McDonald's the other day, I simulated eating one of their value meals for five minutes. Unfortunately, all I could picture was myself grimacing on the toilet like I was auditioning for a horror movie. Needless to say, I hit the gas and drove right on by
I have an extremely rare genetic disorder involving the misfolding of proteins. Can something like this help me? And I shed ephilial cells that glow green and blue and ocassionally red and green
I have a Bachelor of Science in Human Biology I'm not doing anything with. Back in the day it was nearly impossible to find a job with that degree 😕 It still is. When will Biologist be valued again? Do I need a computer science degree as well?
A molecule that enters your bloodstream where it travels to your eyes and binds to your optical nerves where it begins hijacking their output to your brain to cause slight breakages of the connection between the targets perception and their reality
I’m wondering if running a simulation with an ASI emerging might give way faster answers than actually using building an asi ourselves. This of course is a hypothetical where we were basically mastering simulation capability but interesting to think about. Retrieving computation output without ever running a calculation but just retrieving a state from a simulation. I’m no specialist in any sense but I imagine in the future we could have these enormous libraries of essentially a multiverse of simulations all containing a definitive searchable difference from each other containing different answers to problems. This might also be a safe way to approach leveraging an ASI safely as it is never actually active yet you could retrieve answers from it.
To your point on how there’s an agreement to not make changes that will go past our life time I agree with that if you don’t know potential outcomes but it seems like if you can know the outcome with this system so yes immortality please
I remember when I first started doing research when I was in college I was walking around and I saw some people on computers, modeling proteins and I was like wow that’s really cool. Certainly come a long way and it’s not been that long ago.
The line is simple in my opinion: no genetic engineering on anything that can develop/has the ability (under normal conditions) to give informed consent, unless informed consent is given. No fetuses, no brains in jars, no sex cells. Everything else is on the table; we cannot allow suffering or the potential to suffer to anything conscious.
Science said even we aren't truly conscious as things are assumed predetermined. They act more like it is fate, yet will never call it that. lol So everything is acceptable even with that line drawn with but a simple redefine of what potential or conscious or suffering is. Fetuses isn't life neither is human up till the age of 25 when their brain has finished. . . that is common knowledge these days. A dangerous default in thinking.
Guys... we're getting closer to the ultimate medicine that can cure all, and repair all. I love this application of AI. I'm so excited because this is is going to blow up quickly and we're going to see this tech spread like wild-fire. This is an incredible.
I'm a huge fan of AI, but the *very last* thing we want is AI fiddling with components of the atmosphere because of some highly-contested theory about CO2's role in the so-called climate crisis. 14:36
Combining ESM-3 with tools like AlphaFold-Multimer, ProGen, ProteinMPNN, molecular dynamics models, and experimental platforms like Cryo-EM creates a holistic framework for designing and validating enhancement proteins. I think a multi-model approach ensures that designs are functional, stable, and practical for real-world applications. Together, these models could revolutionize how we approach human biological enhancement.
Long-term this has huge implications. I don't think it will change much in the short term because we simply don't have a way to use it on a large scale. I could see decades or centuries down the road, when we have the capability to actually repair individual DNA and RNA strands on-the-fly inside of a living organism, allowing this technology to basically make people immortal (from entropy only.) If you could identify and map the key DNA and RNA sequences that make you, you, and you had a little machine that could correct the flawed copies, then boom, you're immortal. That's a lot easier said than done though.
I think another concern is the Trauma Team multi tiered subscription plans as seen in the Cyberpunk franchise sure the front side scientists intend it to be affordable and open sourced... But corpos and politicians have a way of screwing that up and putting prices and taxes on things.
The talk of our universe potentially being a simulation begs the question of why we were created, but what we call sentience may just be a side effect of whatever they were trying to do in our parent universe and not even intentional.. We might be a parent universe ourselves one of these days... 🤔
Hi! A biologist working on AI here.
ESM3 is great, but the claims made in the scientific paper and in this video are overestimated. Since 2010, and even without AI, we’ve had algorithms capable of simulating "500 million years of evolution." In fact, when the preprint of ESM was released, many scientists commented on the title and several conclusions, pointing out that they were misleading.
That said, ESM3 is fantastic, it paves the way for new research areas like multimodality. However, since it’s not an open-source tool, improving it is complicated. The same applies to AlphaFold3, which imposes many restrictions on its use, quite different from the scenario when AlphaFold2 was released.
If you have any specific questions about these topics, feel free to ask! :)
Hola una pregunta cuáles son la nueva característica de alphafold 3 y también cuáles son su limitante
@gama3181 Hey I am a ml engineer in formation and was a former biologist, would you mind if chat in MP ?
I can give you a temp email since, there is no np option on youtube :/
The channel runs mostly on hype
Did dinosaurs have boobs? 🦖 🏺
I do want to point out this is what Yaworski was 1000 percent warning us about.. Like his exact words were, What if it learns to create proteins.
"But I don't WANT to cure cancer. I want to turn people into dinosaurs."
Glowing Dinosaurs!!! Yay!
Scrap dinosaurs. How About giant space glowing lobster?
Do it bro, sounds fun
“Sorry! But there’s no way to turn people into dinosaurs WITHOUT curing cancer! Learn to live with reality!”
@@Axistential
This! I need my lobster leviathan!
The fact that your ‘subscribe to…’ call to action wasn’t overly loud and obnoxious while interrupting, that’s what sold me on subscribing for now 😂
The craziest protein study I heard of was that of mice that were trained to run a maze. Their protein map was analyzed, synthesized, and injected into mice that hadn't learned the maze. They were able to successfully run the maze. It was some show with that Asian astrophysicist with crazy hair taking about future advancements.
¿Mishiu "Panda Bear" Kaku?
Evolution is not where life come from, it did not take billions of years for proteins to exist, God made them.
@oscarcalderon114 that's the guy
@@Richdaddyewhat's really crazy about that is how it points to strict determinism being the actual nature of reality and our consciousness being more of a post-hoc rationalization machine to keep us in the eating/mating/sleeping game
Sounds like sleeper agents
I can already imagine them trying to stop global warming with this thing only for it to go into a runaway cascade and cause the next ice age with countless people dying of starvation...
That shows a fundamental misunderstanding of the global climate.
Wes, your strength is your conversation style, intonation and cadence... pronunciation improving! This vid is the best story of the year, so friggin good, but missing your face 🙏
Why ain't Wes respond yet
@@Axistential I have a feeling he just cloned his voice with AI and the script is fully automated.
So, who has the "I Am Legend" movie on their bingo card? Cure cancer, but side effect is a zombie apocalypse.... Lol
Whatever you do, don’t look up accelerationism. 😅
Really lol, and well said! We're gonna let AI open millions of cans of glowy parasitic worms and Pandora's boxes. Wes's vids never disappoint... hope humanity's future follows Wes's example...
That’s top of my list given people don’t want to to watch their loved ones die. anyway, i have a pug who hates music and all movies EXCEPT- i am legend…No joke, I can put it on and she will sit there motionless watching- start to finish - she hardly blinks. It’s the strangest fucking thing.
@@TheZslewis That's awesome! The German Shepherd in that movie is the true legend! Your dog has great taste! Cheers!
zombie apocalypse caused by people producing special proteins besides curing cancer
Hey Wes. I’ve been watching for a long while. Just wanted to tell you I really appreciate you making these videos. Timely information explored in depth with focus. Thanks for everything you do!
We've been able to make glowing plants for decades. STILL WAITING to buy a glowing plant...! :/
Yes! Me too, when i was younger i always wondered if there are also glowing plants if there are glowing animals... i awas disapointed when i found out they don't exist lol...
You can buy animals that glow, they have been transfected with the GFP
@@coney2010grads No I'm pretty sure that's illegal (at least in most parts of the world).
The reason why it is not on sale is because it will inevitable escape and spread in the wild, which will cause all sorts of problems.
@@SciFiMangaGamesAnime Maybe but that hasn't stopped them from manipulating the genes of plants otherwise. 🤷
1:14 they don’t just pop up onto the scene as a bio research firm. It means they have secured DOD or pharma funding.
100% if you follow the names of the people they probably already had background or worked on govt funded projects
So i was wondering... you simulate 500 million years and you get a protein. Even if the building blocks for life were available at Earth's beginning 4.5 billion years ago (they werent) that would mean nine 500 million year intervals. But you need 2000 ordered proteins for the most basic living cell. Then you need a trillion of those cells all working together for a human. Not enough time for evolution, huh?
"Pull carbon directly out of the air". Oh, you mean like TREES!
yaa but at a larger scale and it'll be quicker to make them unlike trees
Most is algae though.
@@mayureshzore3456 might? One might ask why trees didn’t evolve that could grow faster and suck more CO2 not outcompete those normal loser trees?
Trees are incredibly inefficient and also you can do both. In fact in most places we don't have a deforestation issue. It is unfathomable that people are destroying our natural rain forests though due to all the historical information and species that reside there.
As a biologist almost all trees are not related to each other, plants tend to just randomly evolve into trees over time. Similar this to crabs. So yes just like trees, there's a reason so many other distinct species have chosen the design (because it works.)
Making biology programmable is terrifying.
Is there any government in the entire world which would not try to weaponize such technology? Governments try to weaponized virtually everything.
Yeah, if this is where it's going then life is pointless and we should just eat a nuke.
What are we going to do, live forever with no real experiences because our emotions are counterfeit!? Leave to Humans to ruin existence for everybody! 😂😂😂
Live forever with fake emotions and a manufactured personality, or death!? Good God, make death the better choice why don't you!? 😂😂😂
biology has always been programmable otherwise you'd not be here duh
Do you really want xenomorphs, because this is how you get xenomorphs
Babooooo!!
Yes I want that, thanks.
@@Macatho Me too. In different colours and flavours.
angsty xenomorphs always on their phones
Yes, humans are weak.
A "Glow for 2 Hours" Pill could be a Gamechanger on every Rave Party =)
I wanna glow 4 life!
Now your speaking Fallout Language…Lol
Ewe huemans 👁
Ewe huemans lost the glow a long while ago 👁
Robbie Tronco, Tiesto, and Armin Van Buuren have entered the comments in support.
As someone who has worked in a lab with a colleague who developed a peptide binding ML workflow, just for context he was never able to validate his results because it would have cost him $50,000 to synthesize the peptides he wanted to test. This is why I am excited about innovations in the automation of biology labs, I think the cost of validating these models and their outputs has to come down dramatically if we want to see truly transformational advances, but if I didn't think we could do it I wouldn't be trying to pursue a career in the field, I'm optimistic and excited for the future!
"I'm optimistic and excited for the future!"
Same :)
@@hunger4wonderthere are dozens of us! 😂
I just hope I'm still alive to see it all
Yes!
Good luck... you will never be able to explain the supposed spontaneous development of simple life from non life. How would the first simple protein configuration come together spontaneously? I'll wait... forever most likely....
Thank you so much, Wes. You are making the best cutting-edge content. I watch every video and eagerly await the next. Well done sir.
Life is essentially programmable, we want programmable matter.
The “double-edged sword” adage holds forth here. We must work fervently to realize all the implications, bad and good
Yeah, and I think the bad side of the sword is a lot sharper than the good one. As far as what people are actually going to use it for
No, this is a double-edged lightsaber right here.
The bad: The entire universe is consumed by an infinitely self replicating gray goo that an AI designed to break down microplastics
The good: Torment Nexus stocks went through the roof right before the surface of the earth started dissolving
Carbon dioxide is captured in plants by the most abundant protein on the planet: ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco).
Which has a limited uptake in current nature, by simulating the perfect protein you could develop the genome to clone a carbon hungry species of plant. But now they're saying they don't even know if carbon is an issue for the atmosphere
@@arushford Why dont we ever hear about replanting? Running rivers threw the deserts(lowering sea levels) and planting in the deserts(decrease in CO2)?
I think the biggest problem is Elites, Politics, Money and Control basically Evil. Where them unleashing a unknown lab created disease can depopulate the Earth, change elections, make money $$(vaccines, regulations, taxes ect) and gain huge control of the people. If they double gas prices to 'Faze Out Fossil Fuels' it increases the price of everything and makes them sound like Heros. The Poor will have to pay more for food, rent, products ect... to these Elites. The Elites are getting richer faster than anytime in History.
All biology is is chemistry, all chemistry is is material science. Everything interacts in someway shape or form. I've always known this was possible and I'm honestly happy its becoming a reality
I remember a movie where couple went to doctor to get a baby, and they was asking that couple:
- eye color?
- height?
- inteligence level?
- boy/girl?
- I guess remove any sickness, right?
Gattaca (1997)
The real question is….
How good do they taste
could there be different types of unami? :-|
depends, do you eat your own boogers?
depends on how good we ask it to taste
@@ADRIFTHIPHOP not yet, but at least I love my farts... so I'm in for the taste hahah
just ask your mom.
They release a self propagating carbon capture protein which sucks all the carbon out of the air. Plot twist, all the trees die and there's no oxygen.
Fast forward to future:
You need to repeat the schooling because you won't be able to get even basic income in 2040 with that shallow knowledge.
Most of oxygen comes from algae
@@Exorcistt94 Did I write that most oxygen comes from trees? I just wrote oxygen comes from trees. Which is a true statement. Also it's a silly hypothetical. You obviously failed your comprehension. Also, roughly half of the global oxygen is from algae. Half is not a majority. It is half. Tone your aggression down lol
@@Exorcistt94 And algae also need carbon. Anyway, if something sucks all the carbon out of the air, there will be plenty of oxygen :D Too much even.
nah, they just release the hypnodrones
Yes, we must prevent actual life made this way and instead use the proteins within machines with sensors to stop the proteins when the target is reached. Also never self replication. DNA will always mutate.
Finally i can glow green at night.
Just your GMO kids
Just join the CIA
Or maybe they can just apply it to the eyes to give yourself some kind of nightvision.
Reminds me of introducing cane toads to eat the beetle attacking sugarcane?
As soon as they figure out how to slow or stop Telomeres from shortening - they'll find the fountain of youth.
And then what? A civilization of immortal morons for the torture aliens to torment for eternity? Imagine as people discover "immortality" that they're immediately taken up to be tortured for infinity and replaced with a body double controlled by an extra-cosmic intelligence designed to mimic their consciousness. That way, everyone is guaranteed to both die and be tortured for infinity at the same time who obtains anything resembling immortality
Potential for immortality, space travel (healing radiation damage, aclimating to new environments), new computer systems that can graft into people better (neurolink replacement), teraforming planets, new types of technologies that do not resemble silicon / metal tools, etc... are incredibly massive.
There will be new dangers, but there will also be new solutions to those dangers. Imagine a security company that develops a method to screen the air for viral particulates, and can thus prevent outbreaks much faster. As farfetched as this may seem, a shark can smell a drop of blood in the ocean; there was a dog that was bred to smell a drug particle smaller than a grain of sand in an entire airport.
This might have the same issues that we have, for example, with AI writing computer programs. AI is good at making snake games, but your unique idea is not in the training set and therefore it likely fails.
The same goes for proteins. There are many fluorescent proteins, like GFP, RFP, and BFP for green, red, and blue. The AI model can borrow inspiration from those, but for a CO2-binding protein or a plastic-degrading one, it might not work when it has never seen such a protein.
In computer programming, testing a program the AI came up with is easy. For making proteins, it is more labor-intensive and will take you a few days, even if you have the best labs. For me, at university, it took about two weeks for everything to arrive and 1-2 days in the lab. Fluorescent proteins are easy to spot as soon as you create a bacterium producing them, but most proteins need to be extracted to test them, and this will take another few days and is super expensive.
So, I don't want to talk this down-it's a nice area of research and might lead to very new breakthroughs, but I would not get too excited about this just yet.
i think you included your answer to the problem. it may not work but its based on the training set. So if the training set is reinforced theoretically it's bettter and better until those issues that you're speaking about become mute. the real issues is how interconnected everything is in nature, the concept becomes an issue of disrupting a balance that's difficult to truly calculate, in fact i'd argue its almost impossible. we likely will need sandboxes in real life where these things can escape, much more sophisticated than the covid lab in china obviously
@@ADRIFTHIPHOP Yes, reinforcement learning could be a promising approach. Currently, however, verifying the AI’s results is difficult because it requires human labor and is costly due to the materials involved. One could imagine an automated lab generating data to reinforce the model’s predictions, but as of now, I’m not aware of any workflow capable of doing this quickly, affordably, and precisely for all types of proteins. For fluorescent proteins, such an automated lab might be feasible with current technology (though I’m not an expert on automation-labs like this might already exist).
Thinking further, one could envision AI testing proteins within bacteria by leveraging the bacteria's own machinery. For example, to test an internal protein that is hard to detect directly, you might couple it with a fluorescent protein. The fluorescence would signal to the AI that the target protein was successfully created and is functioning within the cell.
Another fascinating idea is to speed up the evolution of proteins within the cell. This is essentially a brute-force trial-and-error method: only bacteria that successfully produce the desired protein survive. In this setup, the AI could design a preliminary protein, and then evolution would "brute-force" variations, with only bacteria that successfully form the working protein surviving.
There are many techniques in biology that use biological systems almost like a self-learning model-capable of running, compiling, and testing the “code” for functionality. It’s incredible what’s already possible, and this can be achieved right now without needing any breakthrough discoveries, just clever engineering.
The research field thinking about these ideas is called synthetic biology.
Its always impressive to those who don't know the field. Like people that are very bad at reading commenting on a text written by a very bad writer, the text seem to be good enough for the reader, but a good writer will notice it.
The same with computer code those "things" generate.
I certainly agree with what your saying here, however would just like to point out that there are in fact proteins that degrade plastic tho I totally get what you're saying
I would be excited, trust me.
Man, I'm excited and concerned at the same time... before they start releasing these new proteins.
They need to create an LLM/AI that can research and investigate the long-term effects of these new genes/proteins/etc. on people, animals, and the environment.
It exists .. probably lol
As long as there is profits to be had, no amount of "bad idea dont do it" will get in the way.
"okay, so, yea this MIGHT be an existential threat to not only life, but all matter in the universe, BUT, we can use these proteins to make a hair dye thats more vibrant"
I’ll never forget MTHFR now, great memory association.
@@ryanhegseth8720 that acronym needs spelled out it's misleading
this is more mind-blowing than most realize i think
it is. this is one of what most people would think is science fiction. now we will have those evil-scientist that you see in those movies create life in those green pods
2:25 IS IT A GOOD SIGN?
Yes. If you didn’t know, AI has the potential to skyrocket our intelligence as a species and what we’re able to technologically achieve. So yes AI use in more fields is good. “But what if the AI proteins take over the world!!!???” Lol
skyrocketing pur intelligence? To the point of what? Self levitation? ASTRO projection? What?
we are so fucked up.... this power in the wrong hands!
Wuhan Lab might have some crazy fun with this sandbox game.
Example is the Prometheus movie. Engineers could make biological buildings
5:30 maby there is a reason for why nature didn't do it (hopfully just because it takes more time..but if anything is wrong with it over time we could mess up everything like we did with carbon and plastic)
Great in theory. Let's see what they are able to produce before I get excited.
BTW wondering how much it differs or/and is better than AlphaFold3 or Rosetta 2? does those tools are complementary or competing?
Wes’s updated workflow: let NotebookLM’s podcast feature co-write the script for the video. Imitation is the greatest form of flattery? We came full circle: human content creator mimics the style (including diction, catch phrases, analogies) of AI generated content to succeed on a platform dominated by algorithm. A human cog in an artificial machine.
Intelligence can not BE artificial. Also, in a simulated environment, everything within it is as real as the environment itself, being simulated.
nice, so this new gfp shines at ~100% like the naturals?
Just asking cause i think a remember that the one in last video wasn't nearly as bright.
That would be a nice step forward.
If they want to engineer biology the way we engineer software, not sure the "release now, fix later" model is the way to go.
did you use Notebook LLM for this?
Just a level set. This is exciting stuff but every pharma company has models like this for drug discovery and development. Most are proprietary as they use commercial confidential info
this channel is soooo fucking good. thank you so much wes.
Creating novel proteins is insanely easy. Creating noval proteins with function to meet a goal is pretty insanely hard.
That's kinda the point of these models, they are supposed to prompt it with a specific function and it designs the protein that fulfills that function and shows how it folds.
its a good thing we give digital blue chew to AI
It's can be seen as translation at its core ..
just like a language translator can learn to translate from English to Chinese just by taking in millions of known examples of English texts and their known correct Chinese translations..
So it can learn the patterns and generalize to be able to translate from each language to the other.
This model takes in known protein sequences and their 3d structures and sequences on one side and their known functions on the other side..
So it can generalize and translate from function to 3d structure and sequence or from 3d structure and sequence to function..
nothing "insanely" easy about it. but if we want to talk about true mental insanity, i clocked ya as a man immediately.
"Easy"
Then why do people need to do extensive research to understand how to it?
Glad you brought up the consequences warning thought... because when you said something about a protein that captures carbon. This carbon based life form (and ugly bag of mostly water) doesn't like to think about this going wrong. ;-)
It's not that easy...
I know you're a IT guy, I'm both that and also a molecular biologist. Just because you know the 3D structure of the protein you want and it works awesome does not mean you have the knowledge to make a cell actually produce it. It's more than just input the sequence as an mRNA molecule like the covid vaccine. Larger proteins (most proteins) will need helper proteins to fold correctly. You'd have to know how to make all of these as well. Maybe possible in the future, but not in the near future without AGI help.
not to mention the coincidental symbolic language that describes all these proteins and whatever voodoo gets them working together..
nice comment. enjoy your day buddy
I've heard about project like these since 2004.
With D-Wave and the SWS projects.
It's big news suddenly?
One day man will take things too far. Pass a point of no return. Sadly this won't become obvious until it's too late, once we're over the cliffs edge.
what has nature done that was so great, maybe if it was actually livable maybe we wouldn't need to constantly work against it
Fantastic work with amazing potential!
17:00 oh so we made a prion deseas generator… great.
based, all life needs to go extinct anyway
Great video!
I have a weird feeling that this is AI using your voice 🤔
That's the point. AI is a productivity multiplier.
in a comment he replied to he said it was his real voice.
This is a notebookLM transcript that he is reading.
So what about the video guys, was that of any interest?😂😂
@@WhatIsRealAnymore to me, yes
I was just thinking about this kinda stuff
The double slit experiment is one that blows my mind
Until abiogenesis happens in a lab, I don't buy it.
Prove it.
@@StratumPress The burden of proof is on them.
Doesn't matter if you do - it's the best model of the universe. If you want to suggest something else, it's on you to present some evidence. This is also a classic case of 'god of the gaps' since we do have some understanding of it and just keep going deeper and deeper. Just like all the explanations before that. Science has let us understand the universe and improved life for everyone. Creationism has done the opposite.
@@EricJacobusOfficial - Wrong. You have the burden of proof.
@@osuf3581 if abiogenesis is true, then they will find it on other planets. Coupled with this is the belief that alien life eventually evolves to become intelligent. Therefore it must exist. Carl Sagan sold us on the whole idea and made a killing, but really, it's no less religious than creationism. There is no falsification; that's why you're asking me to prove something, like a zealot. We've been scrambling for decades to find aliens who can help us with our problems; but we got out of the Cold War without aliens. We will overcome the next crisis without aliens. It's a massive waste of time and energy. We don't need it.
Is there any way to filter for drs that use new tech? Rn my gp is an old guy, smart, but doesnt like tech as much
Brace yourselves guys, waifu catgirls are coming 😏
WOW. Great subject pickup, well presented, goood stuff! Thank you =)
Does it actually mean the path of cognition, understanding and hands-on power to change - of BIOLOGICAL LIFE?
Sounds like sci-fi, but yeah, not completely. As software engineer and science enthusiast I'm trilled about how it will go
this is going to be huge for medicine
Maybe, but as the law stands now, AI creations aren't patentable. I can't see BigPharma going all in until that changes
that's not how that works, the AI can't hold a patent, the effort of pressing the magic button still counts as the inventive effort, so the existing IP structure still holds
No. It’s not.
@@GNARGNARHEAD Sorry for the delay. I find this shocking. Is that really how it works???
This is really exciting. I like to think of DNA as a turing-like tape with instructions for building proteins... and now there's generative AI trained simultaneously on protein sequence, structure, and function. F'n awesome.
While driving by McDonald's the other day, I simulated eating one of their value meals for five minutes.
Unfortunately, all I could picture was myself grimacing on the toilet like I was auditioning for a horror movie. Needless to say, I hit the gas and drove right on by
I have an extremely rare genetic disorder involving the misfolding of proteins. Can something like this help me? And I shed ephilial cells that glow green and blue and ocassionally red and green
This video seems like your ai twin narrated it, instead of the real you 🤨🧐
❤❤❤thank you
1 more step closer to cat-girls!
Yeah good thinking 👍
I have a Bachelor of Science in Human Biology I'm not doing anything with.
Back in the day it was nearly impossible to find a job with that degree 😕
It still is. When will Biologist be valued again?
Do I need a computer science degree as well?
Sim-you-late. Sim you late. Simulate.
The controllable symmetries reminds me of cymatic patterns 🤯
This type of technology should not be available for everyone. Imagine the kind of projects against humanity that could be created
I think it has already been done.Spike protein.
A molecule that enters your bloodstream where it travels to your eyes and binds to your optical nerves where it begins hijacking their output to your brain to cause slight breakages of the connection between the targets perception and their reality
They need to figure out how to turn me into a space marine
Wes Roth. This better not be click bait!
Great video
15:00 Pull Co2 out of the atmosphere and kill all life on earth? No thanks.
I’m wondering if running a simulation with an ASI emerging might give way faster answers than actually using building an asi ourselves. This of course is a hypothetical where we were basically mastering simulation capability but interesting to think about. Retrieving computation output without ever running a calculation but just retrieving a state from a simulation. I’m no specialist in any sense but I imagine in the future we could have these enormous libraries of essentially a multiverse of simulations all containing a definitive searchable difference from each other containing different answers to problems. This might also be a safe way to approach leveraging an ASI safely as it is never actually active yet you could retrieve answers from it.
Can it work backwards and figure out the original mix that sparked life?
To your point on how there’s an agreement to not make changes that will go past our life time I agree with that if you don’t know potential outcomes but it seems like if you can know the outcome with this system so yes immortality please
We all must do our part and spread the good news be bold be brave be humble
Talk about double minded. This has been very helpful. Thank you.
Very nice. Maybe we will get LEV next year haha! :D
I like the motion-sickeness generator in the background
Fascinating! This makes me want to become smarter.
I remember when I first started doing research when I was in college I was walking around and I saw some people on computers, modeling proteins and I was like wow that’s really cool. Certainly come a long way and it’s not been that long ago.
If Ai designs a life-form, guaranteed designed protein is going to produce something with seven fingers on each hand.
Another
I'm fairly confident: Ai can also calculate how a hurricane passing through a junk yard will create a Boeing 747 too.
Bless you
Loving the presentation style. Only the rotating background made it hard to follow at times.
Max Tegmark: “we are the movie, Don’t Look Up and we created the asteroid.”😂
Wes has just taken over Matt in my list because he makes faster & in-depth content.
is it just me or you used NotebookLM audio summary to create this video ?
It sounds like the style of the Google AI podcast.
It is 100% a notebookLM transcript.
I actually, thought the same. But i shook that thought away and just focused on the information.
The line is simple in my opinion: no genetic engineering on anything that can develop/has the ability (under normal conditions) to give informed consent, unless informed consent is given.
No fetuses, no brains in jars, no sex cells. Everything else is on the table; we cannot allow suffering or the potential to suffer to anything conscious.
Science said even we aren't truly conscious as things are assumed predetermined. They act more like it is fate, yet will never call it that. lol
So everything is acceptable even with that line drawn with but a simple redefine of what potential or conscious or suffering is.
Fetuses isn't life neither is human up till the age of 25 when their brain has finished. . . that is common knowledge these days. A dangerous default in thinking.
being a brain in a jar emanating the raw energy of my consciousness sounds like actual heaven to me.
Guys... we're getting closer to the ultimate medicine that can cure all, and repair all.
I love this application of AI. I'm so excited because this is is going to blow up quickly and we're going to see this tech spread like wild-fire.
This is an incredible.
What an amazing time to be alive!
It's like I'm listening to the "Deep dive" podcast from Notebook LM, but with Wes' voice.
I'm a huge fan of AI, but the *very last* thing we want is AI fiddling with components of the atmosphere because of some highly-contested theory about CO2's role in the so-called climate crisis. 14:36
Combining ESM-3 with tools like AlphaFold-Multimer, ProGen, ProteinMPNN, molecular dynamics models, and experimental platforms like Cryo-EM creates a holistic framework for designing and validating enhancement proteins. I think a multi-model approach ensures that designs are functional, stable, and practical for real-world applications. Together, these models could revolutionize how we approach human biological enhancement.
Long-term this has huge implications. I don't think it will change much in the short term because we simply don't have a way to use it on a large scale. I could see decades or centuries down the road, when we have the capability to actually repair individual DNA and RNA strands on-the-fly inside of a living organism, allowing this technology to basically make people immortal (from entropy only.) If you could identify and map the key DNA and RNA sequences that make you, you, and you had a little machine that could correct the flawed copies, then boom, you're immortal. That's a lot easier said than done though.
I think another concern is the Trauma Team multi tiered subscription plans as seen in the Cyberpunk franchise sure the front side scientists intend it to be affordable and open sourced... But corpos and politicians have a way of screwing that up and putting prices and taxes on things.
Crazy to think there are people out there who will deny all of this and refuse to try and understand it
The talk of our universe potentially being a simulation begs the question of why we were created, but what we call sentience may just be a side effect of whatever they were trying to do in our parent universe and not even intentional.. We might be a parent universe ourselves one of these days... 🤔
like that movie the 13th floor
This is one of the most exciting things I have heard about lately. Screw Orion I want to feel healthy.