The Conductor

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  • Опубліковано 6 сер 2013
  • In this film, former Principal Conductor and Artistic Advisor, Esa-Pekka Salonen, discusses in detail the role of the conductor in the orchestra.
    To learn more about the conductor visit www.philharmonia.co.uk/explore...
    The Philharmonia is a world-class symphony orchestra, led by Principal Conductor Santtu-Matias Rouvali.
    Based in London at Southbank Centre’s Royal Festival Hall, resident in cities and at festivals across England, and touring internationally, the Philharmonia creates thrilling performances for a global audience. Find out more about us on our website: philharmonia.co.uk/
    Explore our UA-cam channel for performances, interviews, documentaries, listening guides and instrument films: www.youtube.com/@philharmonia...
    Join our email list for regular updates on our live performances: tickets.philharmonia.co.uk/ma...
    The Philharmonia is a registered charity, find out how to support our work: philharmonia.co.uk/join-support/
    Follow us on social media:
    Facebook: / philharmoniaorchestra
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    TikTok: / philharmoniaorchestra

КОМЕНТАРІ • 225

  • @cys8964
    @cys8964 10 років тому +423

    Instrument: Conductor

    • @Evangelionism
      @Evangelionism 5 років тому +7

      Just as a flute or bassoon are instruments to flautists and bassoonists, the orchestra forms the instrument of the conductor - if they're ineffective, the entire thing could sound off. Hmm. Does that, by extension, mean the conductor is the instrument of the composer/orchestrator?

    • @mogmason6920
      @mogmason6920 4 роки тому +2

      Instrument: ALL OF THEM!!!!

    • @arpitsrivstva
      @arpitsrivstva 4 роки тому +1

      Instrument : Right Hand;)

    • @TedPoll4ever
      @TedPoll4ever 2 роки тому +1

      “The conductor is a piece of material, usually a metal-“

    • @user-cg9yg1rj8o
      @user-cg9yg1rj8o Рік тому

      6

  • @victorhugotoledocofre1366
    @victorhugotoledocofre1366 7 років тому +253

    Q: What do the instruments cello and conductor have in common?
    A: An orange.

    • @tom_something
      @tom_something 5 років тому

      I just saw the thumbnail for the cello one before watching this video. I was about to go to the cello video to see if that was also an orange, but I thought I'd check the comments first.
      Are they trying to tell us something?

    • @tom_something
      @tom_something 5 років тому +1

      Both videos came out in August of their respective years. Maybe some inside joke.

    • @shadowv6794
      @shadowv6794 5 років тому +2

      @@tom_something Actually oranges are not bad at all. One of my favourite fruits.

    • @tom_something
      @tom_something 5 років тому +1

      @@shadowv6794 I didn't mean to give the impression that I'm anti-orange over here.

    • @JamieOngVoiceCreatorStudio
      @JamieOngVoiceCreatorStudio 5 років тому +1

      @@tom_something Maybe they did the shooting on the same day. So, it's the same orange!

  • @carultch
    @carultch 9 років тому +399

    Q: Why does the leader of an orchestra get struck by lightning first?
    A: Because he is a good conductor.

  • @Metal-Possum
    @Metal-Possum 9 років тому +61

    "I play my instrument by flailing my arms about frantically. You may have difficulty hearing it, it only ever works when the orchestra is present"

  • @WLxMusic
    @WLxMusic 7 років тому +221

    "Has anybody got an apple?"
    Somebody gave him an orange.....
    Truly a rebel this one!

    • @Bejaardenbus
      @Bejaardenbus 7 років тому +4

      /r/madlads

    • @bandmarc141
      @bandmarc141 5 років тому

      😂😂😂😂 I thought the same thing...got to watch 👀 that one 😂😜

    • @tom_something
      @tom_something 4 роки тому

      Isaac Newton's ghost: "Wasn't it supposed to be a pomegranate? Or... no, that was the other thing."

  • @dimitrisrorris4071
    @dimitrisrorris4071 10 років тому +49

    I really enjoyed the subtle humour of the speaker. Excellent speaker.

  • @MazzazzK
    @MazzazzK 8 років тому +144

    This video doubles as an English lesson for the term "i.e.".

    • @urbanmyths95
      @urbanmyths95 7 років тому +1

      do you know what i.e. stands for thought

    • @devon-crain
      @devon-crain 7 років тому +1

      It's Latin...

    • @NLS87
      @NLS87 6 років тому +8

      No, it's not "et cetera", that's etc. and that's what it is. i.e. means "id est", which mean "that is".

  • @TechReflex
    @TechReflex 9 років тому +276

    This whole series was one of the best one I've watched on UA-cam, all of the videos describing different instruments were very professionally filmed with the right kind of people and with the perfect pace as to not make it boring while keeping it from getting overwhelming. Enjoyed them a lot and also learned a lot :) thanks.

    • @philharmonia_orchestra
      @philharmonia_orchestra  9 років тому +39

      maximumsid Thank you, it's really nice to receive this kind of feedback! We're constantly making new films so make sure you keep an eye on our channel for future content.

    • @zoharfriberg7557
      @zoharfriberg7557 9 років тому +4

      maximumsid I have to say that I learned a lot of things that I didn't know about classical music from that series.

    • @albavanni2400
      @albavanni2400 8 місяців тому +1

      ​@@philharmonia_orchestraon

  • @nathanreichwein2031
    @nathanreichwein2031 8 років тому +94

    I play low brass, horn, low strings, piano, and bits of other instruments. I'm a composition major and this series really helps me in understanding instruments I'm not entirely familiar with.
    this comment is more for the entire series, not just this video
    bravo on a great series!

    • @philharmonia_orchestra
      @philharmonia_orchestra  8 років тому +25

      +Nathan Reichwein Thank you so much for your nice feedback! We're glad you enjoyed this series!

    • @rmoreno1826
      @rmoreno1826 4 роки тому +3

      Im not a composition major but i like arrangimg for my local church. I feel the same way.

  • @iqless7313
    @iqless7313 9 років тому +242

    This guy looks like a villain - someone who might be eyeing the Defense Against the Dark Arts professor position in Hogwarts

    • @josue7sb
      @josue7sb 9 років тому +2

      iqless well, I'm no the only one who noticed that

    • @valkinkslover
      @valkinkslover 8 років тому +9

      +iqless Yes! I was thinking that during the entire video. Also, am I the only one who sees a slight Gary Oldman resemblance?

    • @POPOPOKEH
      @POPOPOKEH 8 років тому

      +iqless Especially when the wand came out :''D

    • @crixxxxxxxxx
      @crixxxxxxxxx 8 років тому +2

      +iqless Bond Villain

    • @DaveDexterMusic
      @DaveDexterMusic 7 років тому +9

      "Distributing music on the axis of time. That's what we do. ahahaha ahaahahaAHAHAHAHAHAHA"

  • @HUMCHUM
    @HUMCHUM 8 років тому +26

    What a captivating human. :)

  • @atomicmrpelly
    @atomicmrpelly 11 років тому +8

    "Distributing music on the axis of time" ... wow that's such a brilliant explanation!

  • @jslasher1
    @jslasher1 6 років тому +9

    I studied conducting over 4-decades ago. However, I continue to learn about this craft from excellent videos such as this one. Salonen is the perfect teacher.

  • @ayonsengupta3633
    @ayonsengupta3633 8 років тому +8

    how beautifully he described the need, the very basis of having a conductor for an orchestra, thank you so much

  • @ProfMaximo
    @ProfMaximo 9 років тому +18

    All musicians (and non-musicians) must see these videos to understand how complex is an orchestra.
    As a conductor I really like all of them!
    Thanks, Philharmonia Orchestra (London, UK)

  • @michaelshort2388
    @michaelshort2388 10 років тому +27

    Very interesting videos! My grandfather used to go on and on about these kinds of things (especially conducting) and as a kid I used to just nod my head and say "that's interesting Grandpa" but as i get older I'm finding myself quite genuinely interested in it. :) Thanks for sharing these videos.

    • @philharmonia_orchestra
      @philharmonia_orchestra  10 років тому +2

      Michael Short, Glad you've found these videos of interest. There's a whole load more information on the orchestra to get stuck into over on our website www.philharmonia.co.uk/

  • @RamZIk92
    @RamZIk92 10 років тому +28

    thank you for your videos. it's 3 am and I can't stop watching them instead of going to the bed xD
    your videos are very useful!

    • @philharmonia_orchestra
      @philharmonia_orchestra  10 років тому +14

      We're so glad you like them. Good luck with catching up on your sleep. :-)

    • @philharmonia_orchestra
      @philharmonia_orchestra  10 років тому +22

      Oh dear... We're going to be responsible for an insomnia epidemic! Good luck tearing yourself away. We're thrilled they are so engaging!

    • @buyokage
      @buyokage 7 років тому +1

      wow im in the exact same boat! its 3am and i have a music theory final tomorrow morning! but i can't stop watching this series XD

  • @katie4623
    @katie4623 7 років тому +72

    Love this series. The conductor has a villainous air about him though.

    • @julianwaring2689
      @julianwaring2689 7 років тому +9

      K Lu He reminds me of pascal sauvage from Johnny English

    • @thomh6083
      @thomh6083 7 років тому

      Julian Waring Yes! I loved that film.

    • @danem2215
      @danem2215 6 років тому +4

      He reminds me more of a Slytherin father. Malfoy's uncle perhaps

  • @mariajoseraffo
    @mariajoseraffo 9 років тому +18

    I loved the entire playlist! Every musician is so passionate about their instrument, is really engaging. I really really enjoy this channel.

    • @philharmonia_orchestra
      @philharmonia_orchestra  9 років тому +1

      María José Raffo Thank you! We're always working hard to bring you the best possible videos

  • @Cygnus0lor
    @Cygnus0lor 9 років тому +7

    I love how this guy explained the Meters and coordination i.e. The orange and the free fall example...

  • @danielbraganca4193
    @danielbraganca4193 9 років тому +10

    Absolutely amazing. I am a guitar player and I'm totally in love with this series. Thank you, London Philarmonic Orchestra!

    • @philharmonia_orchestra
      @philharmonia_orchestra  9 років тому +2

      Daniel Moura We're glad you liked it Daniel! You might also like to check out the Philharmonia Orchestra's other online content: www.philharmonia.co.uk/explore

  • @Lexcoaster
    @Lexcoaster 2 місяці тому +1

    What an eloquent gentleman. I'd like to think he conducts with the same refinement.

  • @Luduin
    @Luduin 8 років тому +6

    I've been on this for five hours straight, its fascinating and the love for music passes on. This conductor in special seems to have an understanding that someday i hope to achieve, maybe not as a musican, professionaly or as a hobbie, but also as a listener. which is again what music is all about, isn't it?

  • @wiegehtessehrgut8583
    @wiegehtessehrgut8583 8 років тому +14

    This guy is very seductive. Or at least I see it in him. Very charismatic.

  • @batboy5023
    @batboy5023 6 років тому +4

    these videos are surprisingly extremely relaxing

  • @robertwest8033
    @robertwest8033 10 років тому +9

    I very much enjoyed this video how ever it would be great if there was footage of Esa preforming with a commentary of what he is doing and how it affected the orchestra at the time. but still very informative and interesting

    • @philharmonia_orchestra
      @philharmonia_orchestra  10 років тому +5

      Thanks Robert, this is a fantastic idea. We really value your feedback and will look into the possibilities of making this happen.

  • @NigelFowlerSutton
    @NigelFowlerSutton 8 років тому +6

    I have just come across these series of films you have posted on UA-cam. Having watched my first - The Conductor, I shall be looking at the complete series . A wonderful introduction to the Philharmonic Orchestra and the workings of the conductor. Thank you very much. Nigel

  • @steodoreben
    @steodoreben 6 років тому +13

    He sounds like professor Snape.

  • @philharmonia_orchestra
    @philharmonia_orchestra  10 років тому +1

    And thank YOU for watching!

  • @bt10ant
    @bt10ant 8 років тому +6

    We miss him in Los Angeles.

  • @apeescape92
    @apeescape92 8 років тому +15

    His finnish accent is very unique

    • @Sneixx
      @Sneixx 7 років тому +1

      Kyllä hää yrittää kovasti rittiaksenttia mongertaa!

    • @jannatuominen1786
      @jannatuominen1786 3 роки тому

      He doesn't have a Finnish accent, that's the joke

    • @Nightwalk444
      @Nightwalk444 3 роки тому

      Yeah, I had no idea he was Finnish until I read the description.

  • @Hannah-tg8hw
    @Hannah-tg8hw 4 роки тому +4

    Handsome!

  • @naomirosev
    @naomirosev 9 років тому +9

    I want to be a conductor, so this a
    actually helped me a lot.

    • @amydunne25
      @amydunne25 6 років тому +1

      NAOMI SPRIT yeah so I and it actually helped me a lot too.

  • @philharmonia_orchestra
    @philharmonia_orchestra  11 років тому +1

    Thank you. Great that you enjoy it!

  • @platypus6117
    @platypus6117 7 років тому +4

    Ah, my favorite instrument:
    the conductor

  • @philharmonia_orchestra
    @philharmonia_orchestra  7 років тому +1

    NEW INSTRUMENT FILMS: Hi everyone! We’re about to embark on making some new instrument films and we want to hear from you! What instruments do you want to see covered? Reply within the next week! Thanks for watching!

  • @zlimvos
    @zlimvos 7 років тому +3

    This description was brilliant, thank you sir

  • @kshitijbansod
    @kshitijbansod 2 роки тому +1

    That Acceleration of freefall explaination was amazing and now I really know what a conductor does

  • @MCRneguin
    @MCRneguin 9 років тому +3

    I'm going to this when I grow up. I''ll be London's Philharmonia Orchestra Principal Conductor(;

  • @thehomelessconsultant9949
    @thehomelessconsultant9949 4 роки тому +1

    I came here to watch these fascinating instrument videos, and to thank the Philharmonia members for producing their wonderful and free instrument samples which I can use to compose orchestral pieces even while living in a car, halfway around the world!

    • @philharmonia_orchestra
      @philharmonia_orchestra  4 роки тому

      Thank you for the wonderful feedback and for taking the time to reach out to us. Best of luck with your music-making!

  • @S66129
    @S66129 Рік тому

    Thank you very much, your videos really help me

  • @scuunjieng
    @scuunjieng 6 років тому

    many thanks. excellent

  • @galas062
    @galas062 10 років тому

    keep up excellent work of bring music to the masses...:) thank you!

  • @kaziiqbal7257
    @kaziiqbal7257 4 роки тому +2

    I particularly enjoyed the freefall analogy especially since I studied physics before I switched to music education.

  • @user-lg3gc3md9f
    @user-lg3gc3md9f Рік тому +1

    Bravooooo ❤️‍🔥

  • @VFXCommander
    @VFXCommander 3 роки тому +1

    The amount of expertise this guy has makes me not want to give him my score out of fear.

  • @charlesrenniemacki
    @charlesrenniemacki 3 роки тому

    I've just learnt to play Old MacDonald Had A Farm on the guitar and now I want to be in an orchestra so this has been very helpful.

  • @SportsAndGamer
    @SportsAndGamer 10 років тому +1

    Good luck!! Keep up the good work

  • @ameyghule
    @ameyghule 11 років тому

    very informative...the entire channel....
    Thank you so much.. :)

  • @philharmonia_orchestra
    @philharmonia_orchestra  6 років тому

    We have a new instrument film - EUPHONIUM - coming out on 23 Feb 2018 - make sure you subscribe to be the first to see it! TRAILER: ua-cam.com/video/U1nNyGLD170/v-deo.html

  • @austinalexandre716
    @austinalexandre716 5 років тому +2

    i think i can talk to this guy for hours

  • @Sendrummazing
    @Sendrummazing 7 років тому +2

    I've always wanted to learn how to play the conductor

  • @ryanlicce7785
    @ryanlicce7785 3 роки тому

    I like to watch this video when I’m trying to sleep, this mans voice is very calming to me

  • @NicholasWingComposer
    @NicholasWingComposer 9 років тому +1

    Brilliant.

  • @sayantandutta7284
    @sayantandutta7284 8 років тому +11

    The Perfect video. All the words he said professionally pre-planned and executed in a Bernstein-like way. After watching a whole 1hour video of Bernstein about conducting, still I found it interesting.The theory of free falling constant is innovative. And every words he utters, has its own specific value, like every Mozart notes.

  • @brucescott3718
    @brucescott3718 9 років тому +1

    I have loved a lot of the classics for many decades, but these tutorials are showing me what causes the love.

  • @leolino82
    @leolino82 6 років тому +5

    4:36...but your "bam" is late compare to the orange 😁..
    Salonen great conductor!

    • @catherinehamer5653
      @catherinehamer5653 2 роки тому

      But the orange is only obeying the Newton’s laws of gravity (which is what you would need to accurately calculate if you were a 3 ball+ circus juggler) An orchestral conductor needs a more ‘balletic’ approach to the interpretation of gravity, time, motion and the score in front of him. There are good conductors out there, some who have many idiosyncratic gestures and others who do vey little (but somehow can hold the show together with minimal effort.)

  • @SandrineAnterrion
    @SandrineAnterrion 9 років тому +1

    I am currently studying music therapy opportunities with movement: I think observing the physical translations by conductor s can help quantifying emotional content in the music. Thanks for upload u guys!...

  • @jtwoolley
    @jtwoolley Рік тому

    Love this! Can he conduct A CHOIR and an orchestra?

  • @RedmarKerkhof
    @RedmarKerkhof 10 років тому +50

    i.e.

  • @rajonrondo4036
    @rajonrondo4036 10 років тому

    Brilliant. Nuff said

  • @jfr9964
    @jfr9964 6 років тому +2

    Will you do a video on the semiconductor?

  • @joabi_a7395
    @joabi_a7395 4 роки тому +3

    Me: amazed and confused with how he is explaining beats
    Conductor: *after showing 9 beats* that's very simple

  • @larnregis
    @larnregis 8 років тому +6

    I would really like to see/hear someone conducting an orchestra who has never done it. Like take someone from the street and let him/her conduct.
    I wonder how that would sound like.

    • @anniek7986
      @anniek7986 7 років тому +1

      It's actually a television show in the Netherlands, called 'Maestro'. Really fun to watch, because they take some (nationally) famous people to conduct a professional orchestra!

    • @soraya5321
      @soraya5321 3 роки тому

      That would be cool 😊

  • @yeah8598
    @yeah8598 3 роки тому +1

    Oh i love to play the conductor

  • @ambrosieoctav618
    @ambrosieoctav618 10 років тому +1

    Very useful!

  • @lilydog1000
    @lilydog1000 3 роки тому +3

    Esa Pekka is really interesting, and somehow is free of all the bullshit one can sometimes hear. His English is superb.

  • @stephaniesharifi2185
    @stephaniesharifi2185 3 роки тому

    Well, I learned something new today. Now I have something to do in my free time.

  • @wielkaaferanayt
    @wielkaaferanayt 6 років тому +1

    Esa-Pekka Salonen is very nice

  • @jamesloggins8397
    @jamesloggins8397 3 роки тому +3

    What I've learned today: Conducting is an orange.

  • @abramabesamis23
    @abramabesamis23 6 років тому +3

    "...there really has no magic to it..." but it does when you conduct The Sorcerer's Apprentice.

  • @alexanderwesterstahl
    @alexanderwesterstahl 10 років тому +20

    So the conductor is basically a human metronome?

    • @JJBerthume
      @JJBerthume 9 років тому +26

      Yes, but his most important feature is really instructing the players how to articulate passages in order to fulfill the composer's grand vision for the piece. The conductor sees the entire score and how the instruments blend together and what parts they perform, and is the only one with the bird's eye view necessary to make a great performance. Sure, the players can all perform their parts individually without the conductor just fine, but the conductor takes a bunch of orchestral players (which is just that: a bunch of orchestral players) and turn it into a single living organism; the symphony orchestra.

    • @alexanderwesterstahl
      @alexanderwesterstahl 9 років тому

      JJay Berthume
      Thanks!

    • @jannatuominen1786
      @jannatuominen1786 3 роки тому

      😂😂

  • @BB-xm8jc
    @BB-xm8jc 7 років тому

    Great instrument.

  • @evaurrutia9777
    @evaurrutia9777 3 роки тому +1

    When I was a little girl I wanted to be a conductor that was my dream...

  • @Bedfordshireman
    @Bedfordshireman 9 років тому +1

    Wasn't Esa-Pekka Salonen featured on the Ipad advert?

  • @34672rr
    @34672rr 8 років тому +4

    related to gary oldman?

  • @retrofocusing
    @retrofocusing 6 років тому

    There's a really convincing "Gary Oldman movie villain" vibe surrounding this man :D

  • @piercingasmr9512
    @piercingasmr9512 4 роки тому +2

    “What do you play?”
    “The conductor”

  • @SRNF
    @SRNF 10 років тому +9

    This guy is cool. I want to talk to him about rock music lol

  • @philharmonia_orchestra
    @philharmonia_orchestra  11 років тому +1

    Isn't it!

  • @cannedviolins3840
    @cannedviolins3840 5 років тому

    Nice instrument you have there

  • @j.j.schlachtfeld9325
    @j.j.schlachtfeld9325 5 років тому +4

    Seems like you always have some oranges lying around. There was one on the Cello video as well

  • @DuendeHr
    @DuendeHr 6 років тому +2

    Please make The Orchestra app for Android! ☺️

  • @user-vz2mc5qt1e
    @user-vz2mc5qt1e 2 роки тому

    Wow Garry Oldman at his finest

  • @historyoftheworld7970
    @historyoftheworld7970 4 роки тому

    "That is very simple." :D

  • @AlielJorax
    @AlielJorax 8 років тому

    As a physicist I want to point out that g, the acceleration of gravity (on earth), is dependent of the location on the globe and not a constant.

    • @SherlocksAlwaysRight
      @SherlocksAlwaysRight 7 років тому +2

      pretty negligible difference across the surface of the Earth.

  • @nuberiffic
    @nuberiffic 6 років тому

    Just starting to look at conducting at uni now - and I'm still really confused to what a conductor actually does or why you would need one.
    I come from a rock / metal background where conductors don't exist, I played music for 25 years like that before encountering conductors at uni, so I guess I just don't get their purpose as I've never used one.
    Anyone who plays in an orchestra or conduscts care to enlighten me?

    • @Lilly13ist
      @Lilly13ist 5 років тому

      How many musicians are there in your rock band ? Four ? Five ? In the orchestra there might be 90...

  • @tommysupit2800
    @tommysupit2800 7 років тому

    he reminds me of Gary Oldman

  • @Melissa0774
    @Melissa0774 7 років тому +2

    What instrument do conductors usually play themselves? Is it violin?

    • @Sneixx
      @Sneixx 7 років тому

      Well no no no, their mouths! ;D

    • @kamilee4123
      @kamilee4123 6 років тому +1

      My conductor played viola, and I know of one girl who played tenor saxophone who is going to college to conduct so I don't think there's really a certain type of instrument that leads to conducting.

    • @jacobtapianieto9655
      @jacobtapianieto9655 6 років тому

      Many of them are pianists.

    • @courtneyphillips7369
      @courtneyphillips7369 6 років тому

      My High school band director played trumpet.

  • @neilious01
    @neilious01 8 років тому +2

    I thought they just kept flies off the musicians.

  • @thehomelessconsultant9949
    @thehomelessconsultant9949 4 роки тому

    A good conductor is essential for orchestra, so I offer much respect here. However, if you really want to cook with gas, look up Drum & Bugle Corps drum majors. Not only do they have to conduct a football field-sized band that is in constant (often *fast*) motion, but they also maintain the physical conditioning of an Olympian and they are judged for each performance. And they are usually only 16-21 years old - simply astonishing. Search on "dci drum major" and be amazed by what you find! Conductors wear a suit and take a bow, but drum majors wear a uniform and each has their own unique salute!

  • @maximiliangockel
    @maximiliangockel 5 років тому +1

    Great series. However, why is this app still only available for iPads? Why restrict education to a certain kind of machinery? Just ridiculous.

  • @nathanhol42001
    @nathanhol42001 6 років тому

    He called St. Petersburg Leningrad

  • @nebilm8947
    @nebilm8947 4 роки тому +2

    Instrument: Stick

  • @Unus1Mundus
    @Unus1Mundus 7 років тому

    Is he related to Sirius Black?

  • @_Synthronix_
    @_Synthronix_ 10 років тому

    I was wondering if it would be okay if I posted this on my channel?

  • @TheToneBender
    @TheToneBender 4 роки тому

    I play the conductor

  • @GoddamnAxl
    @GoddamnAxl 7 років тому +2

    BAM *catches orange* that's how you conduct

  • @Ivytheherbert
    @Ivytheherbert 3 роки тому +1

    The modern form of conducting was invented accidentally, when an Italian man stood in front of an orchestra and started to give a speech.

  • @jamesloggins8397
    @jamesloggins8397 3 роки тому

    So when will we see them talk about the importance and intricacies of mayonnaise.