The Carnivorous Fungi That Devour Nematodes
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- Опубліковано 8 жов 2024
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Some fungi are not so friendly-in fact, some might be your worst enemy, if you're a nematode! Learn all about these creepy carnivorous fungi in this fun(gi) new episode of SciShow!
Hosted by: Rose Bear Don't Walk (she/her)
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whoever made this thumbnail deserves a raise
On god
Not for its technical complexity, I'm guessing 😂
One shilling! Here, ye!
@@swmtothemoon6660 two shmeckles!
I really hope that the thumbnail is fungable
Just a nit to pick: the nematodes that parasitize humans and other mammals aren’t the targets of these fungi. They go after softer, smaller soil nematodes, most of which are harmless unless you’re a microbe. They do attack some nematodes that are nasty to plants, though. Some nematodes will absolutely devastate crops and gardens. These fungi help deal with that problem. There are also some nematodes that parasitize pest insects, like the ones that eat Japanese beetle grubs (or any beetle grubs, really).
Basically, while they all look pretty similar, nematodes are very diverse, much like mammals and other phyla.
Good information here. Thanks for sharing it.
I'm curious to kow what the nematodes are that eat Japanese beetle grubs? We've applied milky spore bacteria to our soil around our grapes and raspberries, and have noticed a lessening of adult beetles damaging those plants, but if there are nematodes that can help significantly reduce the numbers of that particular pest, I'd like to add that to our arsenal.🙂
A really good point. It saved me from mentioning it....
Look up Entomopathogenic nematodes.
You seem like a pretty knowledgeable guy. Assuming you had a kiddie pool you wanted to fill full of nematodes, what are some nematodes that are large enough to be seen without a magnifying glass and enter their hosts thru their skin? Just curious! >:)
@@megelizabeth9492 Thank you. There was quite a lot of information available (though I didn't know EPNs existed!), and given that there is still a lack of knowledge about nematode ecology, it's probably better that I continue with the somewhat less disruptive method I've been using to control Japanese beetles, namely picking them off the plants physically and flushing them.
You know stuff is weird when the mushroom has a gun
All I can think of is THAT tumblr post lol
"You can never kill me in any way that matters" something.
Yes please more fungi content I LIVE for fungi content
So your a Funguy?
@@God_Yeeter his peenus is trust me, its shaped like one too. Cap like head and a thin shaft.
Except cordyceps in their prey. Those things give me the heebie jeebies! Now, cordyceps trained to eat rice in culture is fine.
That's exactly what someone infected by a brain controlling Fungus would say.
Me too. Definitely need more fun(gi)
From what I've learned from SciShow and others is that without fungi, we wouldn't be here.
Literally true. No life as we know it would!
@@celticlass8573 life would be here without fungi, animals wouldnt.
same is true for a lot of life. we're all interconnected.
Tiny pedantic correction, as you mentioned Pythium as a fungus: it's actually an oomycete, more closely related to red algae than fungi, and an incredible example of convergent evolution
I think you mean Oomycetes are closer to diatoms and golden algae. Red algae are near plants.
Haptoglossa is also an Oomycete (I had to look that one up).
It would be fascinating to see a video discussing the research methods used to discover the tiny, fast mechanisms described in this video.
Imagine being lured in by a promise of sex and food, but it ends up being a facehugger straight out of Alien
I mean, the entire concept for aliens was as a perverse sexual nightmare, so...
Sounds like a plot to a bad sci-fi movie.
Clicked because of awesome thumbnail
Sure I love science, but dude, medieval fungi are just absolutely awesome
Upon reaching out to the nematode community for their opinion on the matter, they simply replied with "don't open that can of worms".
🤣
Biology is awesome isn’t it
Nice
LOVE this channel!!! Thank you for all the years of great videos
One of my fave takes from taking biology in school was when my prof mentioned that if all matter was somehow magically removed from the land surface of the Earth, excepting nemotodes, that one might observe a ghostly outline of almost everything previously extant, but in nematodes.
That's actually a quote from E. O. Wilson! My prof told us the same quote
Another mushroom that uses the paralytic toxin method is the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, which as you probably know is also edible like the shaggy mane or wine cap.
This is unbelievable, I LOVE IT! I had no idea that there were fungi that hunted, let alone with such crazy methods - spider webs, lassos, gun syringes! What the HECK!! I love this channel ❤️
I can't help but imagine a mushroom with Ving Rhames' voice staring down an injured nematode saying that he's gonna bring some other mushrooms, a pair of pliers, and a blowtorch...
Some hard hitting, medieval mushrooms!
The presenter is really cute while she gleefully recounts all the ways that fungi kill nematodes.
"Wine cap mushrooms seem to have an edge over shaggy mane mushrooms when it comes to weapon proficiency."
Not really a statement i expected to hear when i first woke up today
As I learn more and more about fungi the more amazed I get. I had no idea that some were carnivorous. Gosh I love SciShow. Fungi seem to have all the attributes of animals and flora but they aren't either one. Fungi are very under-studied and those that have been produce totally unexpected results such as toxins, shooting spores, parasitism, carnivory and symbiosis. Please do more fungi episodes!
It started sounding like a DND character sheet for Mushrooms at 7:55 .
A lot of species of these little buggers are actually beneficial for Mankind. Some of them a vital in their local soil biome. Some species increase soil fertility. Some species predate pests - sometimes other species of nematodes. If noticed in the soil, it's most likely normal and they are not to be harmed - even though they are of the same kind as intestinal worms.
They’re only distantly related. Putting the blame for parasitic nematodes on the whole phylum is like saying we shouldn’t feel bad for baby seals getting pulverized by orcas because some humans are so terrible and deserve to be pulverized by orcas (but never will be because orcas aren’t stupid enough to pulverize us in the wild).
The problem is determining which is which. I'd prefer just sterilizing the soil I'd start seeds and cuttings in.
@@nunyabiznes33 Oh well, that's a different matter. I'm talking about living soils, in nature.
Rose sounds less anxious and stilted. I'm happy to see her relaxing into the role somewhat
The Fungus Is Taking Control.
I loved her presentations this whole time. I thought her enunciation and pauses between words were easier to understand before
Interesting video. Nice to see Rose relaxing more into the role of presenter recently and showing a bit more personality, also 10 out of 10 for the scholars cradle! 👍
I’ve never heard the term scholar’s cradle before, is that a big thing that a lot of people do?
@@wendys9500 It may be a term Lindybeige made up. A lot of people who give talks /lectures seem to do it though.
Wow! The more I learn about fungii the more astonished I am. Well, I guess they probably have had an advantage of several hundreds million years development time over animals. The seem to have used the time well.
Ok, with the mention of sticky traps, medevil weapons, and the thumbnail, this whole episode feels like a huge Demoman reference
"Those poor worms never stood a chance" I see what you did there, LOL
they never stood period
I'm imagining mushrooms in camo gear talking about the 2 point "buck" they just shot.
gf: "would you still love me if i was a worm"
me: "i'd protect you from all the evil mushrooms in the world"
I didn't realize that fungi were capable of self locomotion to that extent.
I'd love more content on mushrooms. I don't think it's common knowledge just how incredible they are! Not a plant, but not quite an animal either, absolutely vital to all life on Earth, and given the chance may end up the dominant intelligent species of this planet. They're incredible!
We are always surrounded by nematoads, and the battle gets closer every day -.-
People step on legos. Nematodes step on shaggy main mushrooms.
The world feels so much more interesting on a micro scale
Micro scale, this video scares me.
"A mushroom with a gun". I can't help but think of PVZ with these kinds of videos.
more plant and soil science please! (fungi included)
Happy to see you again Rose! Feels like ages since I last saw you hosting on Sci Show: maybe that's just the luck of the draw or maybe it has indeed been a while - either way, nice to see you happy and confident 😊
I love my Winecap mushrooms! I have a bed of them I built two summers ago. I didn't know they could be so volent and tasty
Fascinating AND horrifying at the same time.
6:35 if youre having trouble imagining this, think of that arm cuff a doctor uses to take your blood pressure.
Fungi are absolutely frightening... I can't help but wonder which kingdom of life REALLY sits at the top of the food chain.
Oh it's definitely fungi. I feel like people don't realize how hard your body has to fight every second of every day to resist fungal infections. We breathe in up to a billion fungal spores EVERYDAY. That's not even discussing the massive amount of spores covering your body, growing in your mouth, and coating your eyes. The only reason fungi haven't completely conquered this planet is that life desperately evolved to resist them.
Okay now that's a good thumbnail and title if I've ever seen one
"Fungi are carnivores?"
"Always have been"
Happy to see references included from the University of Guelph! I did my degree there 😊
I appreciate the pace of her speech.
This is better than any sci-fi movie.
Who is this presenter? She’s amazing. The way she talks and articulates is just amazing.
Rose Bear Don't Walk
High time-lapsed one of my plants growing and seeing the nematodes moving around by the hundreds was trippy af. Watch the short on my channel if you're interested.
[Edit: found it]
@@utzuckz I only have one short. Drop a comment.
@@STONEDay right - got it! sorry - that's an amazing amazing time-lapse vid!
Never have I thought that nature would evolve a GUN
And I'm glad that it's used towards nematodes
So the parasite of my parasite is my friend?
The parasite of my parasite is my food???? (a least for the shaggy mane)
Yes! Just like the pathogen of your parasite, the parasitoid of your predator, the predator of your predator (unless it’s a generalist species that finds you just as tasty).
This is so fascinating.
Everyone be talking about carnivorous plants, but this is the 1st I heard mention of carnivorous fungus.
At least the plants eat them from the outside. The fungi eat them from the inside!
The more I learn about plants and fungi the less I understand about the difference between them and animals.
Rose Bear Don’t Walk, you are intelligent, articulate, and beautiful! Best host on SciShow!
The joke on the thumbnail gives me the same energy as that once joke that hank green made about the toadstool that one time
Nature, red in tooth and claw, even at a microscopic level!
😅 Yeah, much as I love the natural world vs concrete jungle, the more one learns about our biosphere the scarier it is!! 😂 Things really are savage out there...
Quite a thumbnail, but then again, quite the wicked nematode/fungi war, so... fitting!
A flail a day keeps the nematodes at bay
So the mushrooms saw some of the stuff we could do, and said "I wanna do some of that"
Good the know my wine caps are protecting my garden from nematode infestation.
Cool video! :) especially about the lassos for capturing nematodes. However, I must note that oomycetes (the ones with flagellated spores) are not fungi - that is an outdated classification. Also nematodes are a part of healthy soil, so saying "nematode infestation" is sort of misleading. In our uni greenhouse we even apply nematodes to arabidopsis pots to battle insects that munch on arabidopsis leaves.
"Worm Corpse" is the best name for a death metal band of all time.
I wonder if those endoparasitic fungi could be used as medicine against hookworms 🤔
I would imagine it would be difficult given that successful treatment means you now have a mushroom growing inside you- one that might be toxic
Unfortunately not. Those fungi parasitize tiny nematodes, nearly microscopic. Hookworms are too big and tough for them to enter. They’re adapted to survive our guts!
Also, many fungi will happily eat other forms of meat if they’re allowed inside.
@@evilsharkey8954 what about the toxins? If they are harmful to nematodes and not us, or less harmful to us, we could use it very much like penicillium to make penicillin against bacteria.
@@ArawnOfAnnwn "Yeah but we already have penicillin against bacteria."
Yes that's what I said
Pfft, just shoot those bastards with a 0.9mm gun
"Nosh on Nematodes" Queue two adults giggling like children.
Shaggy Mane mushrooms are my favorite, really the ONLY one I know for sure how to identify. Childhood memories on the Rez, the gals went out hunting mushrooms, the guys went out and whacked grouse in number, and then we'd have a big fry up......
*Sees nematodes*
Fungus: No more Mr. Fun Guy!
Animals:
Uses lures.
Set traps.
Poison.
*Mushrooms: GUN.*
Who knew! This was a fascinating video 🙂
Yay Rose!
Rose you are great, keep it up 😊
That’s incredible!!
If you find this interesting, I highly recommend the book Entangled Life by Merlin Sheldrake
Fungi With A Gun sounds like a folkpunk band name, lol
Hey Rose is back!! Go Rose!!
9:04 huuumm nice one Rose, but that's exactly what someone would say if they were, indeed, a worm 😅
Fungi, bringing guns to a worm fight since life
Congratulations; you just put me off my Christmas dinner...
Every spring I turn loose beneficial Nedamodes to go after termites ... I'm also a documentary fan of Fantastic fungi ... Nature is crazy. 🤯
Around @9:00 all I could think of "would you love me if I was a worm" 😆
Shaggy manes and wine caps are also choice edible mushroom species. Mushroomers seek them out.
Loved this!! ✨
"Nitrogen Fix" is a hilarious visual image
dang, that was terrifying, but awesome
Thought this might cover the mycotoxins killing people in the UK recently. But no. Still fascinating and the host is very lovely.
Love the new look!
Host: "...which makes me grateful I'm not a worm."
Dr. Worm: "Am I a joke to you??"
Did we miss an, "If your Doctor was a worm would you still go?" type of question?
Thanks, I'm itchy after watching this now.
further proof that fungi are the best creatures in the animal kingdom. gotta love our fungal friends.
Fungi are neither animals or plants. There are 6 kingdoms of life.
- Animalia
- Plantae
- Eubacteria
- Archaebacteria
- Fungi
- Protista
They aren't in the animal kingdom.
*i foresee a massive class action cease and desist by the nematodes of the world against the aggressive actions and nature of all fungi*
What a terrible night to be a worm
"Microscopic gun". Shhh, California might hear you.
MMMmmmmmoooorrrreeee Shrrooms! :D They are so cool!
"This town don't have mushroom for the both of us"
Nematodes are unsung heros! We just dropped a rap explaining nematodes and nematology 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
5:10 doesn't that look like one of those plastic holder things for six packs of beer or soda? I guess science really does mimic nature.
Gotta love those shrooms! They are indeed, some weird critters.
@joeedward3795
I appreciate the info very much, however I have developed my own strains.
Although, if he sells well priced sterile inoculation bags, and such products, I might very well be interested.
I will give it a look-see, anyway.
😊 Thanx.
"Face huggers from Alien, but worms!"
So System Shock 2 annelids?
Fungi are rangers with favored enemy nematode and weapon proficiency. Lol
🤯😂 I’m loving this knowledge I’m receiving
name a toad.... first, dig ‘em....lol
Get ‘em you awesome fungis!
Fungi: G U N