@@user-monkeys liquid oxogen is incredibly cold - 118 C° or -180.4 F° and cryogenic liquids cause burns yes that’s right freeze burns sound strange but it’s true. If you get splashed with a cryogenic liquid like Lox (liquid oxogen) or liquid nitrogen (even colder) which I’ve had the pleasure of been burnt on the back of my hand by a colleagues accident it causes blisters after it unfreezes in a few seconds. It might take a little longer with Lox but it will certainly give you freeze burns so it’s not a good idea to get cryogenic liquids on bare skin. Hope this answers your question.
@@7th_Sunrise yes, along with one of a few types of fuels including kerosene (historically very popular), liquid hydrogen (theoretically most efficient and what the space shuttle used during launch, but a massive pain in the ass for tank design), liquid methane (rapidly becoming a popular choice now, although it requires stricter care to avoid spilling it or venting it without burning it first since it's worse for global warming than than CO2). Another example is ethanol (eg the v2 rocket) but it's not very popular anymore.
The reason that it is paramagnetic is because oxygen molecule has two unpaired electrons. Electrons not only go around the atom in their orbitals, they also spin, which creates a magnetic field. Unpaired electrons spin in the same direction as each other, which increases the magnetic field effect. Hope this explanation helps.
I love the tone of voice in this video. It makes me really happy to see these PBS Kids style educational videos all over online and in better world, they're what would end up on UA-cam Kids
I worked at a WW2 era steel mill. The vintage instrument used to check exhaust oxygen in a huge furnace used this principle, as gaseous oxygen acts the same way.
Reason due to 16 electron according to MOT by applying pauli laws 2 unpaired electron enter in anti bonding orbital thats why it behaves paramagnetic character
@@JaceFunkyFace Hi bud, this is a common misconception. Once we draw the molecular orbital diagram, we can observe that, oxygen has 2 unpaired electrons in the anti bonding orbitals. Hope this helps 🙌
-297 degrees boiling point will melt your lips, tongue and throat off, I work with this stuff daily and its crazy to see this dude just pouring it out, its very reactive and if it mixes with hydrocarbons that little bit can create a fireball the size of a prius
Back in university we did an experiment that involved liquid nitrogen, methane, and oxygen, and the class goofball accidentally tipped the tank containing the liquid oxygen over, spilling around 15 gallons of the stuff. We all had to jump onto the lab benches to avoid getting frostbitten, and we had to call the lab tech to cut the power because we don't need the sparks from the lights igniting in this oxygen-rich environment.
I learned about that in litteral high-school. I don't know what grade that translates to in terms of American classes (with the numbers and all), but yeah I didn't have to wait for college to learn about that).
O2 has unpaired electrons when you draw out it’s molecular orbitals. Unpaired molecular orbitals means that the substance will be paramagnetic and interact with a magnetic field. N2 has only paired electrons in its molecular orbitals (diamagnetic) and makes no such interaction with the magnet.
Can we say almost all (not absolutely all) molecules with unpaired electrons in their outer orbital, are paramagnetic and also those with paired outer electrons are diamagnetic!? Thanks in advance 4 reply
@@shahriaralmassi7086 so molecules with unpaired electrons in the outer shell are known as free radicals, and these molecules are paramagnetic. For example, if you had a bromine radical it would have an unpaired electron in its valence shell and would be paramagnetic. However, free radicals tend to dimerize, in this case bromine radicals dimerize to bromine gas (Br2) when the single electrons converge to form a bond. Because these electrons are now paired, Br2 is diamagnetic. The interesting thing about liquid oxygen is that it is paramagnetic in the diatomic state. also i’m not by any means an authority on this stuff, just an undergraduate with a passion for chemistry. anyone who is of greater expertise who reads this please feel free to make any corrections and other amendments.
@@TheMilwaukieDan this is an interesting question that I do not have a great answer to. From what i’ve read looking into this there isn’t much of an effect but the answer is probably best left to the physicists of youtube.
Medical sensors, like finger tip pulse oximeters, use specific wavelengths of light and measure the amount absorbed to determine the amount of oxygen in blood. MRI and fMRI machines can detect blood oxygen this way, but the far more common method is using light. Source: I work for a medical device company.
💚 Light Should Be Used To Power All Craft, Vehicles, Machinery, Technology, Homes etc & Not Just The "Suns" Light....Also The Møons Light 🤔😉 Much Love 🕊
fMRI's do this, they're like normal MRI's but completely different because they map blood flow using the magnetic properties of oxygen. Really useful for imaging the brain and being able to see brain activity via the varying oxygen levels after neurons fire and stuff
@Resident Boe Jiden how does having a toy magnet thing as a kid mean you should have known liquid oxygen was magnetic??? i dont understand your logic there
@@3ducs nope, it absorbs more red light in the visible spectrum because of its 2 unpaired electrons. If there was copper, you'd see it clumping in the cup and coming out as clumps as he pours it.
Oxygen is normally paramagnetic, so when cooled enough it gets an hysteresis curve. If you could put the magnet inside a liquid oxygen tank and keep the temperature you could see the field lines
@@SaRaSin712 In a way. I'm not sure I'd use the word "fall", though, that implies there's a down. It's.. more like a cascade of outward motion in all directions. When Mars lost it's atmosphere (or, well, had it severely weakened), solar rays were able to more effectively penetrate the surface of the world, and the contents of that atmosphere changed simultaneously. This raised the surface temperature of the world (with the pressure differential that came with the lowered atmospheric density) to a point that water sublimates from ice to vapor, and vapor to ice upon contact with either the surface, or the subterranean layers. And with no atmosphere, the water vapors kind of just.. Left orbit. Turning into ice in space, and ending up who knows where. So, TECHNICALLY.. the atmosphere holds it down. But with gravity being what it is, if the conditions for the water kept it either liquid or solid, it would likely remain on the planet for quite some time. Either due to being unable to move (solid), or holding itself down under it's own weight (liquid). TL;DR Technically yes but no
Superb ! Everything that can change its shape, if left free uninterrupted by any outside force: it ends up spherical or rounded in shape. ( rain drops to lava ropes and pillows )@@SaRaSin712
Most medical sensors measuring oxygen use red LED lasers passing through a finger tip or earlobe and test the color change in hemoglobin caused by the presence of oxygen which makes hemoglobin redder and its absence which makes it darker.
According to MOT, nitrogen molecule has 14 electrons, making it a diamagnetic molecule, thus it doesn't have any effect of magnetic field. Oxygen molecules on the other hand has 16 electrons in total, thus they're paramagnetic and the unpaired electrons in oxygen molecules interact with the magnetic field, helping form the bridge. Thanks for sharing such amazing practical aspect of the concept ❤️
this guy obviously had everything around there very carefully degreased. and one training film I saw a guy had put one drop of WD-40 on a valve then wiped it off. when he closéd the valve after the tank was filed with oxygen the whole thing exploded. a charcoal for cat soaked in liquid oxygen has approximately the same explosive force of a stick of dynamite and can be set off by dropping a marble near it not on it just near it.
@FrogeniusW.G. So for something to exhibit magnetism a species needs unpaired electrons. Both species are diatomic which means O and N in their elemental states are actually O2 and N2. When two atoms bond together all of their atomic orbitals join together and form molecular orbitals which are arranged differently. In nitrogen the highest occupied orbital is alone on its energy level this means that 2 electrons fill up the orbital at the same time. In oxygen the highest orbitals with electrons in them are on the same energy level. This means that they get simultaneously filled. As electrons fill empty orbitals before pairing up. Therefore we have 2 unpaired electrons which cause magnetism. If you want to visualise this look up on google images "Nitrogen M.O. diagram" and "Oxygen M.O. diagram" Source: I have a bachelor's degree in chemistry.
Me drinking liquid oxygen: *sip* My body: WHAT THE F*CK edit: MOM IM FAMOUS edit 2: stop saying cring I only did it cus I couldn’t think of anything else
@@NicholsKT well the boiling point is so low for oxygen(-183 Celsius, -297 Fahrenheit) that you would severely damage your body and die. Now if we somehow could drink it, I’m not sure I assume it would be fine, unless it’s too much oxygen into our body then we die from that!
@@NicholsKT you would suffer severe internal damage because the liquid is cold enough to form ice crystals inside your skin pretty fast, everything it touched on the way through would be freeze burnt and also you would probably get bloated or burp a lot because of the expansion of the gas once the oxygen heats up from your body.
I hope there were significant parts of the experiment we didn't see. Was the magnet returned to the original temperature before the oxygen was poured? I'm not saying that it necessarily makes a difference, just that to be a valid experiment the circumstances must be identical.
Similar theory, where a flame conducts electricity. If you were to put a lighter flame between two ohm meter probes, you'll get a resistance reading. They make use of this for flame verification in pilot light systems for lighting a gas burner. They have a low voltage, low current going to the pilot orifice and the ignitor electrode. When it lights current will flow and this verifies flame presence. This feedback current shuts off the high voltage ignitor module so its not sparking for no reason after its lit. This also allows a signal going to control circuit to send power to the main gas valve solenoid to open allowing gas to the main burner and pilot lights the gas to the burner. Those systems are used in automatic pilot ignition on appliances like ovens, water heaters, and furnaces. The flame presence system makes for a safe gas appliance that can never turn the main burner gas valve on, without a lit pilot light. Otherwise filling burner area with raw un-burnt gas that can accumulate to a dangerous explosion level and be ignited by some source of ignition nearby. Which can be as basic as someone turning on a light switch or electric motor running.
@lastchance8142 Yes, the ignitor voltage can be in upwards of 1000 volts or more to jump the spark gap. I was told years ago, that 25,000 volts will jump 1 inch to ground in normal humidity conditions as a rough general rule.
@@alexho2304 it is proved Search prof. Walter Levin 's video of magnetism. He did this experiment and gaseous oxygen didn't stick to the magnet, let alone the liquid oxygen
@@alexho2304 firstly i would like to state that water being not a paramagnetic is not my claim, My claim is that gaseous and solid oxygen would not stuck inbetween the magnets
@@alexho2304 ok Alex, In my experience, the gaseous oxygen didn't stick, however i am eagerly willing to correct my mistake and expand my knowledge Thanks for letting me know this Have a great day
I love that you explain the science and then how we use it in modern society. I find one of the biggest things they forget about in school when they teach you about science is " why " how is this applicable in my real world? Makes it much more memorable. Love your videos
It's the anomolous property of oxygen molecule's molecular orbital structure in which the sigma 2pz has higher energy than 2pix and y orbitals, after 2pz, pi star 2px and y fill up with one electron in each because there are less repulsions in that case compared to both being in 1 orbital of either pi 2px or 2py.
This effect is due to the paramagnetic nature of Dioxygen. Basically it sticks or is attracted to the stronger portion of the field lines. For this property of O2 a whole new theory started in the world of chemistry called Molecular Orbital Theory. Liquid Dinitrogen on the other hand is Diamagnetic, or it is attracted to the weaker part of the field, or is repelled away from the stronger part.
Bro the educational system is full of confusions, For better understanding we need to understand this with the help of physics.... In general - 11th standard the concept is taught with the help of chemistry, But in 12th we study magnetism. Here, we can understand that the magnetic properties depends upon the spin, orientation and combinations of an electron in an orbital. When an electron revolves it, generates current, it's simple physics, it has -ve charge.. And when the current is generated, then magnetic moment is also generated that is M=ml ,Hence, magnetic field is produced (B) When there are 2 paired electrons with different spin, the magnetic moment of both the electrons cancels each other as M is a vector quantity, because the spin opposite produces anti clack current by one electron and clock wise current in other electron. Therefore we get the concept of paramagnetism, ferromagnetism, and diamagnetism. In this video, nitrogen is the simple example of diamagnetism as it has electron pairs. And oxygen is paramagnetic that's why it's attracted by the magnet. It's simple physics....... But education system always mix physics concept in chemistry🗿 idk. Still that's necessary as physics is the base of chemistry aur chemistry is the base of biology And maths is the language of science That's how science works.
Fun Fact: Liquid oxygen is used in oxygen tanks to preserve its use sometimes because gas oxygen runs out quickly. Liquid o2 is used for storage in big hospital facilities and then piped to individual hospital rooms. It comes out as a gas because as it warms, it turns back into a gas.
@jaakko14 The strange thing with water, 💧 it contains two highly explosive elements, hydrogen and oxygen, yet we use it to put out fires 🔥 and drink it! LOL 🤣 Chemistry is an amazing field.
Oxygen is considered paramagnetic, which means it csn become magnatised in the pressence of a magntic field, electron spins is my favourite part of solid state physics
Wouldn’t the magnetic properties of the iron in blood make the magnetic properties of the o2 really hard to detect. Pulse ox measures the o2 level by measuring the light reflected back
I’m pretty sure it’s more akin to uv-vis of the iron in blood. Deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobin absorb slightly different wavelengths of blood. This is how you’re able to measure % oxygenation of blood as you’d be able to see say 95 units oxygenated and 5 units deoxygenated blood. CF theory gives more information about the phenomenon
*Bullpoop:* I do not think so, as all unpaired iron(II) d-electrons are paired with the 4 electrons donated by the complex bound nitrogens of the protoporphyridine IX ligand of the Häm b structure. ke_Fe: [Ar] 4s^2 3d^6 ke_Fe^2+: [Ar] 4s^0 3d^6 ke_Fe_Häm: [Ar] 4s^0 3d^10 So there are no unpaired electrons left and thus the complex is diamagnetic. *Important:* Okay, so I have read a bit more about that and found out that *oxygenated hem-b* is indeed *diamagnetic*, due to oxygen being a very strong ligand, but *deoxygenated hem-b* is *paramagnetic*, due to porphyridine IX not being a strong enough ligand to make the d-orbitals energy levels detach wide enough from each other, which makes the irons d-orbitals behave more degenerate than I had assumed, which in turn leaves the iron complex paramagnetic. So, you can indeed measure the oxygen level of the blood by measuring the maramagnetism due to the makroskopic paramagnetism of blood being inversly proportional to the amount of oxygen binding to the hem complex groups.
@@isi2973 Yeah but to be able to measure such a difference in magnetic properties, rather than optical properties, you'd essentially need a giant EPR machine every time you wanted to take the measurement. Also even strong splitting ligands would let deoxyhemoglobin be paramagnetic as deoxyhemoglobin is square pyramidal (heme gives it 4 ligands on the same plane then histidine attaches to the bottom, this is what lets it attach to the protein.) which has different d orbital splitting than when it oxygenates and goes into octahedral symmetry.
@@mooli1919 by hunds rule and aufbau principle, yes. However its seen experimentally that oxygen is paramagnetic while nitrogen isn't. As a result, they ended up making an entire new theory called molecular orbital theory which explains magnetic properties of O2, N2 etc
It's cuz of electronic structure of molecules of oxygen and nitrogen. Oxygen turns to have two unpaired electrons in structure of it's molecule (O2), so they gave the same spin. And total spin of oxygen is "+2" (actually, +½ħ×2). So he is paramagnetic. And this effect is quite strong (*) due to having two unpaired electrons (more than one). While nitrogen (N2) do not has unpaired electrons at all. So his summ spin is 0. And he is indifferent to magnets. (*) Due to other physical things we can behold this effect only when those gases are in liquid (or solid) form
Tf are you talking about? I inhale it every day. You’re talking about consuming it via like drinking it. Otherwise every time I unhooked the product line I’d be dead….
For those who don’t know: “Oxygen has a triplet ground state and it becomes a magnetic liquid below 90.2 K. The magnetic characteristics are related to the blue color of the oxygen. The absorption mechanism, magnetostriction and pair correlation in the liquid are investigated through magneto-optical measurements in high magnetic fields.” (This is from google. I myself do not know hardly any words in this sentence, and cannot even form a sentence.)
See here for how the liquid oxygen was prepared ua-cam.com/users/shortslM88aLxuuE8
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ (1) اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ (2) لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ (3) وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ (4).
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ua-cam.com/video/QnOIAAo_0Ng/v-deo.html
ua-cam.com/video/el0HQegQfJM/v-deo.html
ua-cam.com/video/ocyTW2LRWek/v-deo.html
ua-cam.com/video/_zUUEAHo8hw/v-deo.html
What happens if u tuch the blue thingy
Thanks
@@user-monkeys liquid oxogen is incredibly cold - 118 C° or -180.4 F° and cryogenic liquids cause burns yes that’s right freeze burns sound strange but it’s true. If you get splashed with a cryogenic liquid like Lox (liquid oxogen) or liquid nitrogen (even colder) which I’ve had the pleasure of been burnt on the back of my hand by a colleagues accident it causes blisters after it unfreezes in a few seconds. It might take a little longer with Lox but it will certainly give you freeze burns so it’s not a good idea to get cryogenic liquids on bare skin. Hope this answers your question.
I wanna see someone light liquid oxygen on fire
I learned two things:
1. Liquid oxygen sticks to the magnet.
2. Liquid oxygen is a thing.
Thank you. This is way better than what I was going to say!
...It really sounded OXYmoronic to me. (I guess I did have something; you inspired me.) 🤣
U didn't go to school?
i never knew i could drink air
EDIT: everyone taking this comment seriously looks like a fool, it’s obviously a joke oml
@@7th_Sunrise yes, along with one of a few types of fuels including kerosene (historically very popular), liquid hydrogen (theoretically most efficient and what the space shuttle used during launch, but a massive pain in the ass for tank design), liquid methane (rapidly becoming a popular choice now, although it requires stricter care to avoid spilling it or venting it without burning it first since it's worse for global warming than than CO2). Another example is ethanol (eg the v2 rocket) but it's not very popular anymore.
@@RD-tu1td American?
Oxygen is Paramagnetic, we use the same principles in the oil industry to detect oxygen in oil tanks
Molecular orbital theory
MOT explain it
Right it has a unpaired electorn on homo
@@devanshgaur9437explain for us incompetent
The reason that it is paramagnetic is because oxygen molecule has two unpaired electrons. Electrons not only go around the atom in their orbitals, they also spin, which creates a magnetic field. Unpaired electrons spin in the same direction as each other, which increases the magnetic field effect.
Hope this explanation helps.
Me drinking liquid oxygen so I can breathe underwater for longer
😳🥶💀
imagine drown by liquid oxygen
@@JellyfishTherapist 😳
*dies from oxygen poisoning*
Its dangerous bro😂...you may have sudden death
“hey what you drinkin’?”
“oxygen”
Under rated comment! 👏🤣
Not breaking the fun but you can't drink liquid oxygen like liquid nitrogen
They are both super cold
@@ProfessionalGrassToucher69 it’s just a joke
@@alpqarri_ I know
@@alpqarri_*cough cough* 'not breaking the fun' *cough cough*
Oxygen is Paramagnetic
Nitrogen is Diamagnetic
Thanks for the info bro 💯
@@X_Y_Z12384no hes right oxygen is para and nitrogen is dia
@@adityasarkar2840 oh oops, I mixed them up in my head.
@@X_Y_Z12384same
No bro he's right , just counting the Luis number@@adityasarkar2840
O’Hare Bottled Air’s gonna become a real thing
It already is
It is in iceland
Let it die, let it die, let it shrivel up and die
@@akaTandy "You greedy dirtbag"
@@gamegen88 nooo where how why
I love the tone of voice in this video. It makes me really happy to see these PBS Kids style educational videos all over online and in better world, they're what would end up on UA-cam Kids
I worked at a WW2 era steel mill. The vintage instrument used to check exhaust oxygen in a huge furnace used this principle, as gaseous oxygen acts the same way.
💙
It's amazing.
@@u-polemag thank you 😊
Reason due to 16 electron according to MOT by applying pauli laws 2 unpaired electron enter in anti bonding orbital thats why it behaves paramagnetic character
Oxygen is paramagnetic(unpaired electrons)
Edit:
Omggggg never in my life hv i seen so many likes on any of my comments..holly shiiit
But is Oxygen not paired to another oxygen molecule? Causing it to share it’s unpaired electron with another oxygen atom?
@@JaceFunkyFace By oxygen he meant oxygen molecule. It has two unpaired electrons in two anti bonding orbitals.
@@JaceFunkyFace Hi bud, this is a common misconception. Once we draw the molecular orbital diagram, we can observe that, oxygen has 2 unpaired electrons in the anti bonding orbitals. Hope this helps 🙌
@@anishpalabatla4543 sorry i still dont quite understand, do you mean two unpaired electron pairs?
It's based on the oxidation state of oxygen.
Oxygen is paramagnetic due to unpaired antibonding valence electron
Class 11th
I like your funny words magic man
The Bluetooth electron is ready to pair
That paramagnetic property is what makes it (comparatively) easy to determine O2 purity vs other gases.
Finally a comment about chemistry.
Next step: Solid Oxygen cubes, for when you need to win that underwater breath-holding contest or win the next supermarathon.
We’ve all heard of a breathe of fresh air,
Now get ready for a sip of fresh air
Freezing air for sure
next level brain freeze
Air in a can ™️
-297 degrees boiling point will melt your lips, tongue and throat off, I work with this stuff daily and its crazy to see this dude just pouring it out, its very reactive and if it mixes with hydrocarbons that little bit can create a fireball the size of a prius
@@AnalyticResults still, yummy sip o' air
Your voice reminds me of the kind of narration you'd find on a late 80's -early 90's PBS Kids show.
He sounds like Lupin the 3rd a bit
He sounds like Mr DNA
He sounds like fred
This guy sounds almost exactly like Beakman, of Beakman’s World; a 90s kids science show that aired on TLC and CBS from 1992 to 1998.
@@ADHDegree So what you're saying is he is your anime waifu 🤔
I learned something new today. This man is straight outta Sesame Street.
What are you going to do with this information?
Lmaooo I didn’t understand this why until I watched again. I felt like I was on Dora 😂
HAHAHAH
He didnt heart your comment lol
@@puregarbagechannel4308 it’s actually so sad 😞
I dreamed about It these days. That cooling solution was in to magnetize solid solutions of atmosphere compounds
This is the first time I’ve seen liquid oxygen
Back in university we did an experiment that involved liquid nitrogen, methane, and oxygen, and the class goofball accidentally tipped the tank containing the liquid oxygen over, spilling around 15 gallons of the stuff. We all had to jump onto the lab benches to avoid getting frostbitten, and we had to call the lab tech to cut the power because we don't need the sparks from the lights igniting in this oxygen-rich environment.
Never knew I could drink “breathing”…
@@Givertak3 bruh
@@Givertak3 wtf
@@1003JustinLaw Hahahahaha
The industry standard practice for safely handling liquid oxygen in a plastic, styrofoam, or any hydrocarbon based container is the following:
Don't.
BOOOORIIIING
there's a reason we got to the moon, and fear of liquid oxygen in a styrofoam cup ain't it chief
@@DarrellVermilion Haha the Moon. Wake UP
@@peterparker9286 birds aren't real
@@DarrellVermilion Birds are very Real animals. I feed them and the Squirrels most daily. You want to know whats not real.... the Moon Haha.
@@peterparker9286 no it’s true, “birds” have been for centuries by governments to fool their citizens and spy on them.
This effect is used in Siemens Oxymat analyser to measure oxigen content. It is not only liquid oxygen stics to the magnet, gaseos also stics
O2 is paramagnetic, grade 11 chemistry, molecular orbital theory, really cool practical depiction
Apne Indian londe gyani h baba
🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓 am confused
Just took college chemistry in 11th grade. We didn't learn about none of that
I learned about that in litteral high-school. I don't know what grade that translates to in terms of American classes (with the numbers and all), but yeah I didn't have to wait for college to learn about that).
@@math9172 i think grade 11 is equivalent to junior year of high school (the second last year)
I like how you sound exited when something happens. Makes my day.
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ (1) اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ (2) لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ (3) وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ (4).............
ua-cam.com/video/zFDObgAuQvY/v-deo.html
ua-cam.com/video/QnOIAAo_0Ng/v-deo.html
ua-cam.com/video/el0HQegQfJM/v-deo.html
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ua-cam.com/video/_zUUEAHo8hw/v-deo.html
Bro is the narrator of the science lesson 💀💀
...what?
?
he reminds me of zobomafoo for some reason
Nawww that professor sturgess from young Sheldon bro
He died in part two. Lighting liquid oxygen. 🤣🤣
Its paramagnetic, weakly attractive towards magnet because it has half filled orbitals in it. Only up or down spin anyone of it
Gotta love those antibonding orbitals
O2 has unpaired electrons when you draw out it’s molecular orbitals. Unpaired molecular orbitals means that the substance will be paramagnetic and interact with a magnetic field. N2 has only paired electrons in its molecular orbitals (diamagnetic) and makes no such interaction with the magnet.
toda la razón 👏 👍,
Thank you… do you have a comment about how magnetic fields of earth impact oxygen etc in our atmosphere ? Just curious. Thank you
Can we say almost all (not absolutely all) molecules with unpaired electrons in their outer orbital, are paramagnetic and also those with paired outer electrons are diamagnetic!?
Thanks in advance 4 reply
@@shahriaralmassi7086 so molecules with unpaired electrons in the outer shell are known as free radicals, and these molecules are paramagnetic. For example, if you had a bromine radical it would have an unpaired electron in its valence shell and would be paramagnetic. However, free radicals tend to dimerize, in this case bromine radicals dimerize to bromine gas (Br2) when the single electrons converge to form a bond. Because these electrons are now paired, Br2 is diamagnetic. The interesting thing about liquid oxygen is that it is paramagnetic in the diatomic state.
also i’m not by any means an authority on this stuff, just an undergraduate with a passion for chemistry. anyone who is of greater expertise who reads this please feel free to make any corrections and other amendments.
@@TheMilwaukieDan this is an interesting question that I do not have a great answer to. From what i’ve read looking into this there isn’t much of an effect but the answer is probably best left to the physicists of youtube.
Medical sensors, like finger tip pulse oximeters, use specific wavelengths of light and measure the amount absorbed to determine the amount of oxygen in blood. MRI and fMRI machines can detect blood oxygen this way, but the far more common method is using light.
Source: I work for a medical device company.
💚 Light Should Be Used To Power All Craft, Vehicles, Machinery, Technology, Homes etc & Not Just The "Suns" Light....Also The Møons Light 🤔😉
Much Love
🕊
@@noelalexisshaw-nas-noz5142 what.
@@FlyingNoodle554the.
Light is pretty fascinating👍
I thought it was the iron in the blood that is ferromagnetic. Like if you put your hand on a stir plate you can feel it spinning your blood.
fMRI's do this, they're like normal MRI's but completely different because they map blood flow using the magnetic properties of oxygen. Really useful for imaging the brain and being able to see brain activity via the varying oxygen levels after neurons fire and stuff
Thank you for this information ❤
This is the first science video I’ve seen in a while that was completely new. Good job on the content bud.
Thank you!
@@TommyTechnetium Hey there no offence but you sound like Ray from The Real Ghostbusters
@Resident Boe Jiden how does having a toy magnet thing as a kid mean you should have known liquid oxygen was magnetic??? i dont understand your logic there
I've never heard a more scientist thing in my life
"Hey Bill, wanna pour nitrogen on a magnet and see what happens?"
*Oxygen/LO2.
It's actually slightly colder than LN2.
Nha I'm gonna put in my d-
Yeah, but I like how it's also a "dad in a garage" type of science experiment. Not like legit scientist science.
yeah lol
can you breath liquid oxygen
My intrusive thoughts be giving me the urge to stick my finger inbetween the liquid oxygen and the magnets 💀💀💀💀
😳
rip you
Rip your frozen fingertips
he kinda sound like the narrarator from one of those learning kids shows
Thank you, the magnet was thirsty
@rameshbabu2085 right, you should be dinking H2O(l) instead of O2(l) or LO2
2 things I've learned:
Liquid oxygen is magnetic
Liquid oxygen is blueish
Magnetic can breath
The liquid oxygen is oxidizing metallic copper, turning it blue.
@@3ducs nope, it absorbs more red light in the visible spectrum because of its 2 unpaired electrons. If there was copper, you'd see it clumping in the cup and coming out as clumps as he pours it.
Oxygen is normally paramagnetic, so when cooled enough it gets an hysteresis curve. If you could put the magnet inside a liquid oxygen tank and keep the temperature you could see the field lines
Would love to see that!
Would that be an explanation for how the water doesn’t fall off the earth and creates somewhat of a sphere ?
@@SaRaSin712 In a way. I'm not sure I'd use the word "fall", though, that implies there's a down. It's.. more like a cascade of outward motion in all directions.
When Mars lost it's atmosphere (or, well, had it severely weakened), solar rays were able to more effectively penetrate the surface of the world, and the contents of that atmosphere changed simultaneously.
This raised the surface temperature of the world (with the pressure differential that came with the lowered atmospheric density) to a point that water sublimates from ice to vapor, and vapor to ice upon contact with either the surface, or the subterranean layers. And with no atmosphere, the water vapors kind of just.. Left orbit. Turning into ice in space, and ending up who knows where.
So, TECHNICALLY.. the atmosphere holds it down. But with gravity being what it is, if the conditions for the water kept it either liquid or solid, it would likely remain on the planet for quite some time. Either due to being unable to move (solid), or holding itself down under it's own weight (liquid).
TL;DR Technically yes but no
Was about to say that😊
Superb ! Everything that can change its shape, if left free uninterrupted by any outside force: it ends up spherical or rounded in shape. ( rain drops to lava ropes and pillows )@@SaRaSin712
Most medical sensors measuring oxygen use red LED lasers passing through a finger tip or earlobe and test the color change in hemoglobin caused by the presence of oxygen which makes hemoglobin redder and its absence which makes it darker.
"Hey can you please pass me the glass of oxygen?"
*Drinks it and exhales*
@@nipunkotharefinal drink of your life
You teach things differently. Subscribed right away!
Thank you 😊
According to MOT, nitrogen molecule has 14 electrons, making it a diamagnetic molecule, thus it doesn't have any effect of magnetic field.
Oxygen molecules on the other hand has 16 electrons in total, thus they're paramagnetic and the unpaired electrons in oxygen molecules interact with the magnetic field, helping form the bridge.
Thanks for sharing such amazing practical aspect of the concept ❤️
😊
MOT refers to molecular orbital theory for those who dont know
Oxygen is the only paramagnetic element in its group (extra knowledge is never a prob :)
Interestingly, i already knew that.
These are the comments i live for..... Seriously my wife hates when i ramble about shit like this
Thank you sir for explaining like we are toddler's :D😊
Everyone: normal reactions
Me: Presence in blood.... Emia....
“Hypo meaning under and emia meaning blood” - chubbyemu, probably
@@baconwatchesyt8697this is what happens when you live on youtube.
“Presenting☝️ to the comments section”.
@@antondelacruz9362 not really, it's a well known channel lol, and an educational one at that
this guy obviously had everything around there very carefully degreased. and one training film I saw a guy had put one drop of WD-40 on a valve then wiped it off. when he closéd the valve after the tank was filed with oxygen the whole thing exploded. a charcoal for cat soaked in liquid oxygen has approximately the same explosive force of a stick of dynamite and can be set off by dropping a marble near it not on it just near it.
when he said hey check it out, it gave me strong pbs kids vibes 😭
My brain still loading at the fact that liquid oxygen is a thing
Wait til u hear about gaseous iron
This is very helpful😊(thanks for appreciating tommy technetium)
I learned that liquid oxygen is a thing, it is magnetic, and magnets get thirsty.
The thirst is real
Rule 34: if it exists...
@@musicisthefoodofthesoul oh no..
According to molecular orbital theory N² is diamagnetic in nature but o² is paramagnetic .Thanks for practical 😊😊.
When you know oxygen is paramagnetic in nature while nitrogen is diamagnetic in nature
Thanks a lot. 🙄 Two more things I have to look up on Wikipedia. 😒
I've had the joy of playing with liquid nitrogen. What is liquid oxygen used for?
@@annawimpey5307 rocket fuel
Could you explain a bit?
I'm really interested.
@FrogeniusW.G.
So for something to exhibit magnetism a species needs unpaired electrons. Both species are diatomic which means O and N in their elemental states are actually O2 and N2.
When two atoms bond together all of their atomic orbitals join together and form molecular orbitals which are arranged differently.
In nitrogen the highest occupied orbital is alone on its energy level this means that 2 electrons fill up the orbital at the same time.
In oxygen the highest orbitals with electrons in them are on the same energy level. This means that they get simultaneously filled. As electrons fill empty orbitals before pairing up. Therefore we have 2 unpaired electrons which cause magnetism.
If you want to visualise this look up on google images "Nitrogen M.O. diagram" and "Oxygen M.O. diagram"
Source: I have a bachelor's degree in chemistry.
Fun fact: you can actually breath while submerged in liquid oxygen, it’s just very, very uncomfortable
🥶
Breathable liquid does actually exist.
me thinking liquid oxygen was water:
...
Liquid oxygen: the add
Liquid nitrogen:the game
Me drinking liquid oxygen: *sip*
My body: WHAT THE F*CK
edit: MOM IM FAMOUS
edit 2: stop saying cring I only did it cus I couldn’t think of anything else
you freeze to death instantly
what would happen though
@@NicholsKT well the boiling point is so low for oxygen(-183 Celsius, -297 Fahrenheit) that you would severely damage your body and die. Now if we somehow could drink it, I’m not sure I assume it would be fine, unless it’s too much oxygen into our body then we die from that!
@@NicholsKT your insides would freeze and you would die
@@NicholsKT you would suffer severe internal damage because the liquid is cold enough to form ice crystals inside your skin pretty fast, everything it touched on the way through would be freeze burnt and also you would probably get bloated or burp a lot because of the expansion of the gas once the oxygen heats up from your body.
I hope there were significant parts of the experiment we didn't see.
Was the magnet returned to the original temperature before the oxygen was poured?
I'm not saying that it necessarily makes a difference, just that to be a valid experiment the circumstances must be identical.
Honestly he sounds like Fred from Scooby doo
Jeepers
he sounds like someone for a kids science show
No He is Dr John Sturgis
😂 thought the same
To test its presence in blood...
Chubbyemu: did someone summon me?
Emia.
Lol
emia, Meaning presence in blood
Oxy, meaning oxygen, and emia, meaning its presence in the blood.
@Chubbyemu
Similar theory, where a flame conducts electricity. If you were to put a lighter flame between two ohm meter probes, you'll get a resistance reading. They make use of this for flame verification in pilot light systems for lighting a gas burner. They have a low voltage, low current going to the pilot orifice and the ignitor electrode. When it lights current will flow and this verifies flame presence. This feedback current shuts off the high voltage ignitor module so its not sparking for no reason after its lit. This also allows a signal going to control circuit to send power to the main gas valve solenoid to open allowing gas to the main burner and pilot lights the gas to the burner. Those systems are used in automatic pilot ignition on appliances like ovens, water heaters, and furnaces.
The flame presence system makes for a safe gas appliance that can never turn the main burner gas valve on, without a lit pilot light. Otherwise filling burner area with raw un-burnt gas that can accumulate to a dangerous explosion level and be ignited by some source of ignition nearby. Which can be as basic as someone turning on a light switch or electric motor running.
Good explanation for flame rectification, except while the current is very low (2-10 microA), the voltage can be quite high at the flame rod, >100VAC.
@lastchance8142 Yes, the ignitor voltage can be in upwards of 1000 volts or more to jump the spark gap. I was told years ago, that 25,000 volts will jump 1 inch to ground in normal humidity conditions as a rough general rule.
Oxygen is paramagnetic due to the presence of an unpaired electron in its antibonding orbital
Molecular orbital theory for the win!
So I've never seen this magnet used except for this experiment. I'm guessing that it is super strong
It's a WW2 surplus magnet out of a "Cavity Magnetron", used in radar units. And yes, it's very strong.
Didn't they later repurpose those for early microwave ovens?
Also, don't things near liquid oxygen have a habit of catching fire?
@@BlastTheBatYes.
I just scrolled forever for the "He sounds like Jiminy Cricket!" Comment but never found it. So here it is.
I love it when science wrangles some magnets together for an experiment. Always interesting.
I'm glad nardwuar is branching out into the science field.
😂😂😂😂
Spot on 😂😂
paramagnetic in particular
U can't do with solid or gaseous oxygen 🤣
@@zoro.73 you can, the effect is just weaker for gaseous oxygen.
@@alexho2304 it is proved
Search prof. Walter Levin 's video of magnetism.
He did this experiment and gaseous oxygen didn't stick to the magnet, let alone the liquid oxygen
@@alexho2304 firstly i would like to state that water being not a paramagnetic is not my claim,
My claim is that gaseous and solid oxygen would not stuck inbetween the magnets
@@alexho2304 ok Alex,
In my experience, the gaseous oxygen didn't stick, however i am eagerly willing to correct my mistake and expand my knowledge
Thanks for letting me know this
Have a great day
"I'm gonna try to pour liquid nitrogen over the pulls of this strong magnet"
*completely misses*
Poles*
I love that you explain the science and then how we use it in modern society. I find one of the biggest things they forget about in school when they teach you about science is " why " how is this applicable in my real world? Makes it much more memorable. Love your videos
Thank you 😊
you sound like you’d be a perfect narrator for those jump start point and click cd games
"-Emia, meaning, presence in blood" popped into my head
His voice sounds like one of those cartoon scientist that would do real life experiments on a filler segment
"Jesse! Write that down!"
I'm doing it mistah white
This guys sounds like hes going to say " HEY apple "
Bro invented fusion reactor on liquid oxygen 💀
Cool video, thanks for making it. Always happy to subscribe to a fun science channel.
🤓😊🧪👍🏻
I don’t know why but watching this video feels nostalgic, especially the way the guy is speaking sounds so familiar.
Octacon mgs
kindly keyin vibes
Reminds me of old educational vids
Probably cause he sounds like Rex from toy story
He sounds like one of the crayola colours from the leap frog game
It's the anomolous property of oxygen molecule's molecular orbital structure in which the sigma 2pz has higher energy than 2pix and y orbitals, after 2pz, pi star 2px and y fill up with one electron in each because there are less repulsions in that case compared to both being in 1 orbital of either pi 2px or 2py.
Degeneracy, baby!
I'm stuck, step-gas oxygen 🧲
Dear God no please no
Annoying oxygen💢💢
💢Magnetic Correction Needed💢💢
Lmao 💀🤨
Best video to determine the paramagnetic nature of oxygen. 😊
Thank you 😊
You could see how fast the oxygen vaporizes
Why does this guy sound like Fred from scooby doo voice actor
Jeepers you found me
This effect is due to the paramagnetic nature of Dioxygen. Basically it sticks or is attracted to the stronger portion of the field lines. For this property of O2 a whole new theory started in the world of chemistry called Molecular Orbital Theory. Liquid Dinitrogen on the other hand is Diamagnetic, or it is attracted to the weaker part of the field, or is repelled away from the stronger part.
Chad MO Theory enjoyer vs Virgin VSEPR theory enjoyer
Bro the educational system is full of confusions,
For better understanding we need to understand this with the help of physics....
In general - 11th standard the concept is taught with the help of chemistry,
But in 12th we study magnetism.
Here, we can understand that the magnetic properties depends upon the spin, orientation and combinations of an electron in an orbital.
When an electron revolves it, generates current, it's simple physics, it has -ve charge..
And when the current is generated, then magnetic moment is also generated that is M=ml ,Hence, magnetic field is produced (B)
When there are 2 paired electrons with different spin, the magnetic moment of both the electrons cancels each other as M is a vector quantity, because the spin opposite produces anti clack current by one electron and clock wise current in other electron.
Therefore we get the concept of paramagnetism, ferromagnetism, and diamagnetism.
In this video, nitrogen is the simple example of diamagnetism as it has electron pairs.
And oxygen is paramagnetic that's why it's attracted by the magnet.
It's simple physics.......
But education system always mix physics concept in chemistry🗿 idk.
Still that's necessary as physics is the base of chemistry aur chemistry is the base of biology
And maths is the language of science
That's how science works.
Felt like I was watching a 7th grade science video. You know it’s gonna be lit when they roll out the box tv.
I’m old
Fun Fact: Liquid oxygen is used in oxygen tanks to preserve its use sometimes because gas oxygen runs out quickly. Liquid o2 is used for storage in big hospital facilities and then piped to individual hospital rooms. It comes out as a gas because as it warms, it turns back into a gas.
wooww
They also use liquid oxygen in missles, this guy is not being very careful💀
Looks like a cool experiment. This was a very chill video.
Bro really pulled the magic school bus voice
liquid oxygen is one of my favorite substances bc of the color blue it is…
💙
Liquid oxygen is one of the things I am most afraid of. Give it just a tiny spark and everything will burn.
@jaakko14 The strange thing with water, 💧 it contains two highly explosive elements, hydrogen and oxygen, yet we use it to put out fires 🔥 and drink it! LOL 🤣
Chemistry is an amazing field.
"-emia" means presence in blood. I have learned that from Chubbyemu!
Ancient Greek for blood
well yea coz oxygen is paramagnetic (meaning two unpaired electrons) unlike N2
Molecular orbital theory for the win!
@@TommyTechnetium yessirr
His voice sounds like one of those science videos you would see in elementary school
I didn't know I wanted to know this. Thank you, sir.
who tf gave Rex from Toy Story scientific gadgets 💀
Oxygen is considered paramagnetic, which means it csn become magnatised in the pressence of a magntic field, electron spins is my favourite part of solid state physics
Wouldn’t the magnetic properties of the iron in blood make the magnetic properties of the o2 really hard to detect. Pulse ox measures the o2 level by measuring the light reflected back
I’m pretty sure it’s more akin to uv-vis of the iron in blood. Deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobin absorb slightly different wavelengths of blood. This is how you’re able to measure % oxygenation of blood as you’d be able to see say 95 units oxygenated and 5 units deoxygenated blood. CF theory gives more information about the phenomenon
*Bullpoop:*
I do not think so, as all unpaired iron(II) d-electrons are paired with the 4 electrons donated by the complex bound nitrogens of the protoporphyridine IX ligand of the Häm b structure.
ke_Fe: [Ar] 4s^2 3d^6
ke_Fe^2+: [Ar] 4s^0 3d^6
ke_Fe_Häm: [Ar] 4s^0 3d^10
So there are no unpaired electrons left and thus the complex is diamagnetic.
*Important:*
Okay, so I have read a bit more about that and found out that *oxygenated hem-b* is indeed *diamagnetic*, due to oxygen being a very strong ligand, but *deoxygenated hem-b* is *paramagnetic*, due to porphyridine IX not being a strong enough ligand to make the d-orbitals energy levels detach wide enough from each other, which makes the irons d-orbitals behave more degenerate than I had assumed, which in turn leaves the iron complex paramagnetic.
So, you can indeed measure the oxygen level of the blood by measuring the maramagnetism due to the makroskopic paramagnetism of blood being inversly proportional to the amount of oxygen binding to the hem complex groups.
@@isi2973 Yeah but to be able to measure such a difference in magnetic properties, rather than optical properties, you'd essentially need a giant EPR machine every time you wanted to take the measurement.
Also even strong splitting ligands would let deoxyhemoglobin be paramagnetic as deoxyhemoglobin is square pyramidal (heme gives it 4 ligands on the same plane then histidine attaches to the bottom, this is what lets it attach to the protein.) which has different d orbital splitting than when it oxygenates and goes into octahedral symmetry.
Well, now I feel I should have taken chemistry instead of biology.......
I'm no expert in anything chemistry related, but seeing that liquid oxygen being poured was rather frightening
Yeahhh paramagnetic and diamagnetic, learned that stuff in school 5 years back and now I'm gonna finish medschool. Brings back memories.
But nitrogen have more free electrons so it should be more paramagnetic than oxygen?
@@mooli1919 by hunds rule and aufbau principle, yes. However its seen experimentally that oxygen is paramagnetic while nitrogen isn't. As a result, they ended up making an entire new theory called molecular orbital theory which explains magnetic properties of O2, N2 etc
@@justarandomguywithoutaname8719 Yeah the older theories kind of failed trying to study more complex molecules.
It's cuz of electronic structure of molecules of oxygen and nitrogen.
Oxygen turns to have two unpaired electrons in structure of it's molecule (O2), so they gave the same spin. And total spin of oxygen is "+2" (actually, +½ħ×2). So he is paramagnetic. And this effect is quite strong (*) due to having two unpaired electrons (more than one).
While nitrogen (N2) do not has unpaired electrons at all. So his summ spin is 0. And he is indifferent to magnets.
(*) Due to other physical things we can behold this effect only when those gases are in liquid (or solid) form
Now I know... I need that magnet
Damn bro I feel like some liquid oxygen💀
For y'all thinking you can inhale liquid oxygen, you would die due to the temperature of the substance
Yea -300 degrees wouldnt feel too good
You'd be protected by the Leidenfrost effect most likely.
@@spyder027 bro 0K is -273 lmao
@@mystik4957 I know I was rounding
Tf are you talking about? I inhale it every day. You’re talking about consuming it via like drinking it. Otherwise every time I unhooked the product line I’d be dead….
more info on that medical process? thx
"with liquid oxygen"
Me: "wait that's illegal"
Oxygen is paramagnetic in nature, it gets attracted by magnetic field
What makes some items magnetic and others not? Is it do with the domains?
For those who don’t know: “Oxygen has a triplet ground state and it becomes a magnetic liquid below 90.2 K. The magnetic characteristics are related to the blue color of the oxygen. The absorption mechanism, magnetostriction and pair correlation in the liquid are investigated through magneto-optical measurements in high magnetic fields.” (This is from google. I myself do not know hardly any words in this sentence, and cannot even form a sentence.)
Fun fact: under enough pressure, oxygen has crystalline and metallic phases, and it's red during the crystalline phase at least.
Very cool! Apparently red oxygen molecules are O₈, not O₂. Tommy Technetium gold comment award 🥇