Wow Karl, you just explained material worth 10 books in such a compelling, comprehensive, and cogent way. Thanks a ton. I was looking for something like this as a researcher in problem solving and situated cognition.
Pankaj Singh Yeah that was one of the best if not the best Ive seen. Had to pause and/or go back a lot, but not because of a lack of clarity.. because of density of concepts. If a casual chat can ever be classified as a masterpiece then that one is nominated.
Even with secretion, there is movement. It is internal and silent so we perceive secretion as a lack of motion. So embodiment drives all our actions including secretion.
Hi Josh, I agree (think you meant to write silent, not salient?) yet I think what he is referring to is motion that interacts with the external world and so infiorms it , and in return , informs US.
4:35 philosophy from people like Gibson in 4:39 the 20th century who suggested that the 4:43 the way that we perceive things is only 4:46 in the service of how we can act upon 4:51 them so something that can be seen is 4:55 only seen in virtue of how it can be 5:01 manipulated so I see an apple what I 5:03 actually see is the opportunities 5:06 afforded by that Apple for grasping for 5:10 acting upon so every perceptual 5:13 capability is grounded in a fundamental 5:17 way by the opportunities for action that 5:21 that percept affords so we only see 5:24 through the eyes of our muscles in terms 5:26 of what it means for our behavior and he 5:29 called that affordance
This reminds me strongly of the Mahasatipitthanna sutra A sentence that has stayed with me "There is body only". I guess that would fall under the category of radical inactivism. I would like to see Dr. Friston read and comment on that sutra. It's online of course. What is a thought and how is it triggered. Personally I think a thought is hearing about something the body already knows.
Standard models of cognition posit information manipulation leads to consciousness, but whereas information isn't a non-abstract fundamental of nature, momentum is (yes, really, momentum is not emergent/abstract). Without momentum, i.e. moving, could we be conscious? I bet: no.
Would this explain the function of hand/body movements during conversation? What we call 'body language'. I've always been fascinated by these: why do we even have them? Do these movements serve the speaker only, or are they clues used by listeners too?
In terms of homo sapiens, it's undoubtedly ancient and a carryover from our homo predecessors. Just learning that another's hand motion appears to be taking the form of a non-aggressive action ("oh looks like they're just going to scratch an itch"... contextually) would be valuable. And vice versa. Of course, we (presumably) developed plenty of rudimentary sign "language" way before ever establishing a large repertoire of sounds to represent an action. Adoption of particular spoken sounds equating to a environmental thing or action, in conjunction with existing in ever larger social settings, just put even more pressure (value) on the importance of hand gestures.
What are the implications of these theories regarding free will? What he says around 4:15 makes me think that consciousness is, at least in part, more just an awareness of instinctual and environmental processes happening within and around it than it is the "driver" of those processes.
Enactivision. Spelled right? Doesn’t come up on web... Love the heidegger ref, but wonder if our ability to ‘enactively’ direct sensory testing of the world isn’t afforded by the representational model created in the mind.
But the point is that the representational model can only be preserved over any length of time by testing its predictions against feedback from the body as it interacts with the world.
but it 7:02 is your mobile phone that actually knows 7:03 the actual number to dial so has your 7:07 cognition somehow stopped when we come 7:09 outside the mind and into your mobile 7:11 phone or is that cognitive competence 7:14 now extended into the physical world 7:16 beyond in fact your body so it's a 7:19 beautiful example I think of you know 7:22 what we mean by cognition is it all in 7:25 the head or is it somehow 7:27 a partnership with the environment a 7:30 partnership with the world a partnership 7:31 of the city the physical situation that 7:35 we find ourselves in that we mediate and 7:39 coupled with through our through our 7:41 body and will our body allow us our 7:43 cognition to extend further than just 7:46 the the mental faculties and already 7:48 associated with us from my perspective I
The universe is an infinitely recursive meta-möbius, but the project of knowledge is to simplify, so don't open your inquiry to additional information unless you're stuck.
Umi Rafael 2006 When your head is about to get hit, say by a tree, your consciousness will need to differentiate the various relative locations of body parts to make the inference meaningful.
there was a moment where i thought he was re-stating the obvious, then it returned to the stated premise of the tautology of body and environment and the idea re-presented itself as new. Pretty interesting.
"Your action upon the world becomes the worlds way of perceiving you". I don't understand this. Earlier he mentioned the importance of action for perception, but the world takes no action.
One very simplistic way of viewing this is considering a person who steals from people…that is their action upon the world…in turn, the world will perceive them as a thief.
If the telephone example explains the idea of our extended cognition, consider the reverse where we (as the figurative telephones) are storing a model of the world in our minds and updating this model of the world through action… We are a tool for the world to perceive us.
The point was, I think, about the relationship and play between the self and the circumstance. The phone is an external entity, but in our minds we almost feel it as a part of ourselves.
I think it’s an interesting example, but I don’t think he explained it terribly well. I think the phone number is like Schrodinger‘s cat - at some point you won’t remember the number, but you will still remember where to find it - by clicking on the name. Does that make sense?
I think the cognitive analogy got a little lost by choosing something as obviously 'smart' as a modern phone. Andy Clark & David J. Chalmers' examples in The Extended Mind maybe get at it better: 'Thus consider the use of pen and paper to perform long multiplication, the use of physical re-arrangements of letter tiles to prompt word recall in Scrabble, the use of instruments such as the nautical slide rule, and the general paraphernalia of language, books, diagrams, and culture.'
Perception of objects we can interact with are perceived as Heuristic representations of the range of possible actions we can participate in with the object.
11:39 get into the vast domain of systems 11:44 neuroscience and psychology known as 11:47 action observation and be getting the 11:49 things like mirror neuron systems and 11:51 how they inform our understanding about 11:53 self modeling relative to other modeling 11:56 we get into the whole world of clearly 11:59 of mind how I understand you and all of 12:03 this has come from acknowledging that 12:05 one of the most important things that I 12:07 have to perceive is my own action my 12:11 bodied action so it has I think unified 12:17 many different and possibly 12:19 inappropriately disparate fields that 12:22 were studying just say visual perception
12:55 you know purely theory of mind problems 12:58 is this actually a failure to understand 13:03 one's own internal body so there's a 13:05 whole field now of interceptive 13:09 inference that complements the 13:10 perceptual inference or synthesis that 13:13 i've been talking about which goes which 13:16 is now contextualized in terms of action 13:20 the same rules also apply to signals not 13:23 from the outside world through my eyes 13:25 and my ears but from my internal world 13:28 by heart rate my lychee my gut feelings 13:31 so the same rules apply to gut feelings 13:34 there are an important aspect of 13:37 embodied cognition and you can have 13:39 pathologies about inferences about your 13:42 emotional and gut responses then that 13:44 provides a really interesting model for 13:46 certain psychopathologies it could 13:48 explain why people with autism how 13:51 difficult is understanding their own 13:52 emotional responses or indeed avoiding 13:55 contact in order to obviate or second 14:00 navigate those sorts of failures
To study physiology with a clear conscience, one must insist on the fact that the sense-organs are not phenomena in the sense of the idealistic philosophy; as such they certainly could not be causes! Sensualism, therefore, at least as regulative hypothesis, if not as heuristic principle. What? And others say even that the external world is the work of our organs? But then our body, as a part of this external world, would be the work of our organs! But then our organs themselves would be the work of our organs! It seems to me that this is a complete REDUCTIO AD ABSURDUM, if the conception CAUSA SUI is something fundamentally absurd. Consequently, the external world is NOT the work of our organs-? Nietzsche
The way he sees this in the way that he can act upon them. You science people should talk to artists. We live this and it’s upsetting to listen to this as if it’s brand new. For AI it seems like a way to program the population - which is partially happening - but dehumanizing.
Helmholtz, who was of great influence on Friston, was certain that should one wish to understand perception, artists would be the greatest source of instruction - 1800's Germany.
Doing/living is not explaining! We all live with stereotype/categories... We all use and maybe "live by metaphors"... We all experience emotions, consciousness... But are not all trying to understand and explain them!
We are a part of our environment observing itself.
One of my lecturers mentioned embodied cognition which lead me to this. Absolutely beautiful science and philosophy.
"The radical version of embodied cognition: if the body is sufficiently tuned to the environment, you don't even need cognition." 4:09
Wow Karl, you just explained material worth 10 books in such a compelling, comprehensive, and cogent way. Thanks a ton. I was looking for something like this as a researcher in problem solving and situated cognition.
Pankaj Singh Yeah that was one of the best if not the best Ive seen. Had to pause and/or go back a lot, but not because of a lack of clarity.. because of density of concepts. If a casual chat can ever be classified as a masterpiece then that one is nominated.
Now this is sound productive thinking. To me it sounds like, “why are our thoughts making ourselves ill”.
What a great illustration navigating through multiple-complex ideas with incredible agility and eloquence.
Please we want more of him.
simply wonderful...
What a magnificent educator. Thank you for making me feel smart, Karl.
Powwwww ... maybe for my whole life I've been searching for this ..
Straight to the point with layman terms and I love it... listening to other lecturers using big grammar I couldn't understand
Even with secretion, there is movement. It is internal and silent so we perceive secretion as a lack of motion. So embodiment drives all our actions including secretion.
Hi Josh,
I agree (think you meant to write silent, not salient?)
yet I think what he is referring to is motion that interacts with the external world and so infiorms it , and in return , informs US.
So wonderfully explained! I wish all of my education was so smoothly understood!
4:35
philosophy from people like Gibson in
4:39
the 20th century who suggested that the
4:43
the way that we perceive things is only
4:46
in the service of how we can act upon
4:51
them so something that can be seen is
4:55
only seen in virtue of how it can be
5:01
manipulated so I see an apple what I
5:03
actually see is the opportunities
5:06
afforded by that Apple for grasping for
5:10
acting upon so every perceptual
5:13
capability is grounded in a fundamental
5:17
way by the opportunities for action that
5:21
that percept affords so we only see
5:24
through the eyes of our muscles in terms
5:26
of what it means for our behavior and he
5:29
called that affordance
A world of love and respect from China
椅子
@@marcuslei6743 ？
Cognition existing in partnership with the outside world is something I can relate to.
This reminds me strongly of the Mahasatipitthanna sutra A sentence that has stayed with me "There is body only". I guess that would fall under the category of radical inactivism. I would like to see Dr. Friston read and comment on that sutra. It's online of course. What is a thought and how is it triggered. Personally I think a thought is hearing about something the body already knows.
@9:30 , the structure can be completely transposed. Feels like i ve been watching DI caprio movie: Shutter island / Inception
Standard models of cognition posit information manipulation leads to consciousness, but whereas information isn't a non-abstract fundamental of nature, momentum is (yes, really, momentum is not emergent/abstract). Without momentum, i.e. moving, could we be conscious? I bet: no.
Amazing cognitive ideas
Does this have any connection to Marshal Machluan’s “the Medium is the message”?
Would this explain the function of hand/body movements during conversation? What we call 'body language'. I've always been fascinated by these: why do we even have them? Do these movements serve the speaker only, or are they clues used by listeners too?
Yes, there's a fair amount of research on this.
e.g Learning through gesture Susan Goldin-Meadow
I would say they serve both, I always find it helpful when people articulate themselves through gesticulation and vice versa
In terms of homo sapiens, it's undoubtedly ancient and a carryover from our homo predecessors. Just learning that another's hand motion appears to be taking the form of a non-aggressive action ("oh looks like they're just going to scratch an itch"... contextually) would be valuable. And vice versa. Of course, we (presumably) developed plenty of rudimentary sign "language" way before ever establishing a large repertoire of sounds to represent an action. Adoption of particular spoken sounds equating to a environmental thing or action, in conjunction with existing in ever larger social settings, just put even more pressure (value) on the importance of hand gestures.
Body is the unique tangible interface
What are the implications of these theories regarding free will? What he says around 4:15 makes me think that consciousness is, at least in part, more just an awareness of instinctual and environmental processes happening within and around it than it is the "driver" of those processes.
he's about on par with D. Hofstadter, in terms of generalized brilliance connecting physics with psychology, neurology, and philosophy.
the brain is not a dictator.
Why is secretion not included as an action of the body with much implication?
Enactivision. Spelled right? Doesn’t come up on web...
Love the heidegger ref, but wonder if our ability to ‘enactively’ direct sensory testing of the world isn’t afforded by the representational model created in the mind.
Whoops. Found it: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enactivism
But the point is that the representational model can only be preserved over any length of time by testing its predictions against feedback from the body as it interacts with the world.
but it
7:02
is your mobile phone that actually knows
7:03
the actual number to dial so has your
7:07
cognition somehow stopped when we come
7:09
outside the mind and into your mobile
7:11
phone or is that cognitive competence
7:14
now extended into the physical world
7:16
beyond in fact your body so it's a
7:19
beautiful example I think of you know
7:22
what we mean by cognition is it all in
7:25
the head or is it somehow
7:27
a partnership with the environment a
7:30
partnership with the world a partnership
7:31
of the city the physical situation that
7:35
we find ourselves in that we mediate and
7:39
coupled with through our through our
7:41
body and will our body allow us our
7:43
cognition to extend further than just
7:46
the the mental faculties and already
7:48
associated with us from my perspective I
like it
So exactly what Nietzsche said in the 19th century.......
The universe is an infinitely recursive meta-möbius, but the project of knowledge is to simplify, so don't open your inquiry to additional information unless you're stuck.
Fascinating
then why do I feel and im aware that my brain is in one place my body another ?
Umi Rafael 2006 When your head is about to get hit, say by a tree, your consciousness will need to differentiate the various relative locations of body parts to make the inference meaningful.
there was a moment where i thought he was re-stating the obvious, then it returned to the stated premise of the tautology of body and environment and the idea re-presented itself as new. Pretty interesting.
"Your action upon the world becomes the worlds way of perceiving you". I don't understand this. Earlier he mentioned the importance of action for perception, but the world takes no action.
One very simplistic way of viewing this is considering a person who steals from people…that is their action upon the world…in turn, the world will perceive them as a thief.
If the telephone example explains the idea of our extended cognition, consider the reverse where we (as the figurative telephones) are storing a model of the world in our minds and updating this model of the world through action… We are a tool for the world to perceive us.
When he gives the example of the phone, isn't it a mixing between information and cognition ?
what do you think?
The point was, I think, about the relationship and play between the self and the circumstance. The phone is an external entity, but in our minds we almost feel it as a part of ourselves.
I think it’s an interesting example, but I don’t think he explained it terribly well.
I think the phone number is like Schrodinger‘s cat - at some point you won’t remember the number, but you will still remember where to find it - by clicking on the name. Does that make sense?
I think the cognitive analogy got a little lost by choosing something as obviously 'smart' as a modern phone.
Andy Clark & David J. Chalmers' examples in The Extended Mind maybe get at it better:
'Thus consider the use of pen and paper to perform long multiplication, the use of physical re-arrangements of letter tiles to prompt word recall in Scrabble, the use of instruments such as the nautical slide rule, and the general paraphernalia of language, books, diagrams, and culture.'
@@dylanlouth en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuristics_in_judgment_and_decision-making
Perception of objects we can interact with are perceived as Heuristic representations of the range of possible actions we can participate in with the object.
I think this may be the robot being referred to at around 3.35
ua-cam.com/video/rhu2xNIpgDE/v-deo.html
Or this kind: ua-cam.com/video/IVAN-DROBaQ/v-deo.html
11:39
get into the vast domain of systems
11:44
neuroscience and psychology known as
11:47
action observation and be getting the
11:49
things like mirror neuron systems and
11:51
how they inform our understanding about
11:53
self modeling relative to other modeling
11:56
we get into the whole world of clearly
11:59
of mind how I understand you and all of
12:03
this has come from acknowledging that
12:05
one of the most important things that I
12:07
have to perceive is my own action my
12:11
bodied action so it has I think unified
12:17
many different and possibly
12:19
inappropriately disparate fields that
12:22
were studying just say visual perception
i wish i had a partner so i could extend my cognition to my phone to know their number. :( that example hit a little to close to home.
12:55
you know purely theory of mind problems
12:58
is this actually a failure to understand
13:03
one's own internal body so there's a
13:05
whole field now of interceptive
13:09
inference that complements the
13:10
perceptual inference or synthesis that
13:13
i've been talking about which goes which
13:16
is now contextualized in terms of action
13:20
the same rules also apply to signals not
13:23
from the outside world through my eyes
13:25
and my ears but from my internal world
13:28
by heart rate my lychee my gut feelings
13:31
so the same rules apply to gut feelings
13:34
there are an important aspect of
13:37
embodied cognition and you can have
13:39
pathologies about inferences about your
13:42
emotional and gut responses then that
13:44
provides a really interesting model for
13:46
certain psychopathologies it could
13:48
explain why people with autism how
13:51
difficult is understanding their own
13:52
emotional responses or indeed avoiding
13:55
contact in order to obviate or second
14:00
navigate those sorts of failures
Thank you.
To study physiology with a clear conscience, one must
insist on the fact that the sense-organs are not phenomena
in the sense of the idealistic philosophy; as such they certainly
could not be causes! Sensualism, therefore, at least as
regulative hypothesis, if not as heuristic principle. What?
And others say even that the external world is the work of
our organs? But then our body, as a part of this external
world, would be the work of our organs! But then our organs
themselves would be the work of our organs! It seems
to me that this is a complete REDUCTIO AD ABSURDUM,
if the conception CAUSA SUI is something fundamentally
absurd. Consequently, the external world is NOT the work
of our organs-? Nietzsche
Oh wow, scientist realize that we are actually holistic beings where cognition is embodied!! 😊
There is no duality.
Yes
Anyone interested in this would likely find Lacanian psychoanalysis infinitely interesting
The way he sees this in the way that he can act upon them. You science people should talk to artists. We live this and it’s upsetting to listen to this as if it’s brand new. For AI it seems like a way to program the population - which is partially happening - but dehumanizing.
Helmholtz, who was of great influence on Friston, was certain that should one wish to understand perception, artists would be the greatest source of instruction - 1800's Germany.
And you artist people should stop seeing scientists as emotionless dehumanizing people with no interest in art, it's ridiculous
Doing/living is not explaining!
We all live with stereotype/categories... We all use and maybe "live by metaphors"... We all experience emotions, consciousness... But are not all trying to understand and explain them!
I used to admire Mr. Friston until he outed himself as a cheap nationalist in his Guardian interview.
Having a different opinion does not devalue somebody, as for most problems outside maths and the natural sciences there is no single true answer.
You are ridiculous.