4 Workers SUCKED Into Oil Pipeline!
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- Опубліковано 1 жов 2024
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As a Trinidadian, we were never given a proper explanation as to what exactly happened in a way that we could visualize it, so thank you very much for the diagrams and explanations. Whilst I appreciate this is an ongoing investigation, I personally cannot comprehend why this happened this way. The company, Paria, saw the pipe was slightly blocked, and condemned their lives. I mean, I understand the risks of rescue and the danger posed by people in desperate situations, but they didn't even try, they saw that it was slightly difficult and threw their hands up and gave up.
Also, I'm not going to make this judgement yet as we don't have all the facts nor a full picture of this pipeline's layout, however, based on preliminary info, as a civilian with zero experience in that field, that mission makes zero sense to me and it should have been obvious to trained divers and operators that this would happen, it's literally set up like a gun, with a plug for a projectile and lots of air pressure as your propellant. Did they really trust those plugs to hold that pressure from both sides? That seems really sketchy to me, I genuinely do not understand, and it is no fault of yours, this is just a baffling situation with many missing facts. Paria has so much to answer for, Chris Boodram gave a personal testimony of the events recently and it is clear that this has broken that poor man.
Rest In Peace ; Fyzal Kurban, Kazim Ali Jr, Yusuf Henry, and Rishi Nagassar, none of you deserved to go that way.
I was now coming to say the same thing. They so secretive with the details and I so interested in how so many lives were lost.
Thank you very much!!
You seem to have somewhat of a clue. Once those guys were sucked in that pipe they were pretty much done. Let's look way upstream from that decision. Why did the safety diver agree to dive in there with the only thing holding pressure was that rubber plug? When they unbolted that blank why did they take it all the way off? They could have let the pressure shift and stabilize by unbolting that flange part way and lifting the blank part way. If it blew well you have the cap in the way you could just let the cap get sucked shut and stop the process. Why didn't they pressurize the back side of that line so that it was at the same pressure as the front side? When there's disasters like this we end up killing a lot of extra people who are good brave people and are sure they can go down in the situation and come back alive. When they got sucked down that pipe it was over.
@@markmcgoveran6811 just to give some insight to you....those plugs are built to withstand very high pressures. A failure of a plug is not a common occurence. Also if you preasure up the other side of the pipe with the plug still set in there you will create an additional hazard of a pressure differential around either side of the plug.
How about no? In the safety engineering field we have a lot of different standards for a practice and those plugs hold in that kind of pressure and risking divers would not be considered a safe practice. I have a tractor on my farm it has a wonderful bucket on the front and I use it all the time for all sorts of stuff. However it is not to stand on and paint a building. The valves are not of the high quality required for a man lift. I'm engineering intern number 7330 state of Nebraska and I spent a lot of time studying these safety protocols for industrial processes. I'm only talking about American law Trinidad and Tobago have a right to have their own safety laws. All the sensationalism in the world does not make divers live longer when they run out of air. How many more people do we need to be dead in that pipe trying to save people who were already dead. When you can answer that question with some kind of a science or math answer you might be on to something. Instead of viciously attacking the person who had to make that decision like he just did it for the money he didn't care about those guys at all is a sign of a weak mind. They were a couple hundred feet down a 30-in steel pipe. If you send in a rescuer how would he get out? You can't swim backwards. You can't turn around in a 30-in pipe. The guy who said no they're dead we can't save them had to have a pretty good reason to say that. I don't think they would have sent a diver into a 30-in pipe to swim 200 ft, as a regular matter of practice. If you dive down with a set of scuba tanks in front of you you can't clear the blockage. If you dive down with a set of scuba tanks behind you you can't get them past you to get to the other guy. Get a piece of cardboard and make yourself a cardboard box as long as you are tall and 30 in across crawl in there and get to work.
Trinbagonian media person here. I appreciate the work done in this video. Much better than the explanation the authorities gave, its very contentious and while there are accusations of negligence going around, the question of why a rescue was not undertaken is the one that haunts me whenever I think about it. We just had the commission of enquiry release some audio recording from a device carried by Chris Boodram. Knowing those men were doomed is haunting and makes the question of why rescue efforts was not allowed.
Thanks for chiming in. Yes it seems contentious. There is so little information it's hard to say any which way about what the reasons for not going in. Hopefully something comes to light through the enquiry.
I have a more clear understanding of what happened thank you for taking the time to explain this
Decommissioned pipe since 2018 shouldn't have any OIL
They should not have been there in the first place for a decommissioned pipe
@@tammygallant6004 they were there to recommission it
…yep, exactly. SO WRONG how they handled it IMO…
Chris is such a badass that apparently he tried to jump right back in the pipe as soon as he was told that his friends could not be rescued but fainted and was rushed to hospital, when he awoke and told that his men were still in the pipe he immediately fell out of bed demanding that he be taken back to the pipe in order to save his friends but he was too weak to move and was not allowed to be discharged from the hospital. The fact that Chris had just escaped hell and was so willing to risk his entire life again to try and get his colleagues out of the pipe shows what a true hero Chris really was. Chris should not feel guilty because listening to another analysis I read, he told his friends who were too scared and injured to move through the pipe to not worry and promised he would be back to help them as they begged him to not leave. His friends unfortunately died over days waiting for help to come. They did not deserve to go like that, Chris did everything he could and now has to live with the PTSD of the whole ordeal!
A badass? Are u serious right now . He told those guys he would send for help. He rescued himself. Those guys starved to death and drowned alone in a rusty pipe. He did nothing to rescue them. He's a COWARD
So the other guys died but Chris is THE VICTIM..... WOW
He "DEMANDED HE BE TAKEN BACK TO THE PIPE"
.......to who? The nurse. The doctor? Who was taking him back to the pipe? Get up, walk out, and rescue your coworkers...
.......HE WAS TOO WEAK TO MOVE........
either he could go back,or he physically couldn't ........
........(HE WANTED TO RESCUE THE GUYS.. .
BUT THE HOSPITAL REFUSED TO DISCHARGE HIM ....
I thought he was too weak.........his co-workers are dying in a pipe , but he won't leave without a discharge from the hospital?
Was he handcuffed to the bed. Nope. Who needs the hospital to discharge him? Get up and go if u want to save them!
@user-bd3zy6wo7l Are you serious?? He told the men to follow him but they would not because they did not want to risk swimming down the pipe without an airpocket to find an opening, Chris was the only one who was courageous enough to do so and said not to worry and that he would be back with help. He didn't save himself at the expense of others and tries his best to help them! Don't make Chris out to be a dick when he was heroic. If Chris didn't escape then everyone would of died!
@user-bd3zy6wo7l He tried his hardest but was not allowed to go back into the pipe and was in hospital to weak to move he tried all he could dude!
So very sorry for the men who were left to die after they actually survived the initial accident. Also my heart goes out to the survivor who left to get them help he did everything he could.
Yes its such a shame.
I’ve been involved in a serious road accident where the driver (my partner) died. I was in and out of consciousness.
The survivor guilt is very real and I can’t imagine how he must feel. My thoughts are with everyone.
Also I thought the way you narrated the video was incredibly sensitive and thoughtful.
The Health & Safety Nazis prevented the competent workers from attempted a rescue.
Reason? It's not safe.
That's why we have stand-by divers - to rescue the working divers if they need help.
They are specifically trained to rescue their buddies. The buddies know this, & expect to be saved.
Safety bureaucrats stopped the divers from doing what they were trained to do. Horror.
@@waterlinestories sir, can you please tell me what's the name of the beat? that starts at 4:00? I need to know. Thxs.
@@chrisshelswell3222 yeah after a whole lot of digging and accusations of a plug failure and my engineering expertise in the safety field we came to the conclusion that we were so mad we had to tell Mark that the guys took the plug out themselves so you're talkin about safety diver guilt this guy is the safety diver he's the only one that made it out. He stood right there is a safety diver and watch those guys take out the plug that suck them down the pipe. I can see what you're saying about survivor guilt. I think about having that all the time because I'm pretty slick about stuff and nobody else seems to measure up. When I was on the boat if something came up that was tricky and dangerous and might get you killed I just flat demanded I take this task nobody else really wanted to be having it forced on them the captain really didn't want the legal obligation of picking a guy for it so I jumped up and told him I got her Captain you can kill me with this boat even if you aren't trying. But whatever the case maybe when you took the name safety diver behind you on the sheet there that would suggest you needed to go out of the way talk to the engineers find out about where the pressures are what the pressure is get the numbers crunched the numbers and if you don't do it you can live with yourself maybe.
Genuinely appreciate the tone and respect shown in this video. This is how you tell a story that doesn't have a complete or trusted investigation/resolution while being honest about what is and isn't known to the audience.
Thanks. It's difficult to navigate when so little is known.
Yet another excellent production. We have a South African version of this. A team member went missing in a cave dive near Outeniqua. The buddies alerted the cave diving rescue team, & the police. When the rescue experts arrived from Cape Town, they were denied access to the cave, because they had police divers. The police could not find him. Some time later (years) some surface cavers found they body of a diver. He had survived more than 30 days in the dark, following the rules, staying where he was, waiting for his buddies to rescue him.. He had starved to death, there was plenty of water.
Interesting. I haven’t heard of this one. I’ll look it up
Sounds like the Peter Verhulsel incident. If he followed his dive buddies instructions he’d be alive. It aas good he found have an dry area when he ran out of oxygen but rescue didn’t arrive so he died from starvation
Trinidad got fed up of on safety training seeing the Piper Alpha video now there'll be one named Piper Paria. Collin Piper is the man responsible for the deaths. Christopher came out told everyone he was at their location,he made it out, what could have changed in minutes in an enclosed pipeline that any authority there would think the rescue wasn't possible. Those men we're alive days still in there, hoping, praying. Diver's code if even we didn't get the contract & you did, you get in trouble we're coming cause you'd return the favor. There were others willing to dive, commercial divers who assessed the risk professionally, they were refused. The nation stood witness to murder. Question needs to be asked what was the hurried rush to cover up the job? Where that government now gets it's fuel now that they closed down their refinery? Makes you wonder if it's black market and a line being used illegally for certain reasons
dawg. your a mess.
Lines like this get used in Mexico all the time man. Wouldn’t surprise me
Used for what?
@@johanna006the only people who know are the ones sending it through. Pretty easy to put anything through there and claim the lines unused
I am Trinindian and before watching this video it was very hard to imagine how the incident took place, we never received that from anyone here. Thank you for this. Just so you know maybe you can do a part 2 of the this, because the commision of inquiry has begun, its on a channel called TTT, here you can see all the reports and investigations that were made, chris's testimony of what happened while in the pipe and how he survived , Paria's failed EMT and how they are fighting to not take responsiilty
Thanks I'm following. It's s tragedy unfolding
As a Trinidadian, this whole story, from the time it broke to the present has angered and infuriated me and many of my fellow countrymen, particularly the irreverence displayed by certain officials immediately after the disaster and those giving testimony during the enquiry. In a land where justice is rarely seen to be done, I have little hope that those responsible face any kind of meaningful repercussions.
So, there was no contingency in place that took into account potential pressure differentials between the work environment and the pipe itself in the case of plug failures?!? Surely such catastrophic consequences had been foreseen by someone at some level (this isn’t a criticism of the dive crew but rather of those overseeing this operation). A preliminary inspection of the state of the pipe should have occurred from the land side, with additional plugs installed for redundancy. What an horrific and unnecessary waste of life.
Good point. These are all the questions that need to be answered.
This is beyond sad the audio came out of the divers first moments inside the pipe and it was heart breaking they really thought they were going to be saved and no one saved them 😢
Girl I’m the in the comments wanting to fight people and they are deleting my comments saying oh how they died immediately after Chris came out and how much air they had I linked the enquiry from yesterday with Chris crying like a baby and the go pro audio!!! The autopsies said they were alive for 3 days in the pipe!!! These men were killed and left to die like dogs… if you saw what their bodies looked like on the stretcher!! Black and swollen, tongues out the mouth!!! I Want justice for them …
For The families!!
#Justicefortheparia5
@@sandywilliams1466 wow I hope the families get justice for this!
I’m a 3rd generation pipeline welder with over 25 years of experience. I’ve welded on dozens and dozens of projects all over the United States. I have several brother members who have gone to weld in Trinidad on their projects and have told me the safety over there works a bit different than here in the US. It just seems like there should be a set in stone procedure for something like this and it definitely doesn’t seem to be the case.???
Everything we do we have a procedure for be it hot cuts, isolation, hot tie-in’s there’s a way it’s done safely to mitigate the danger and it doesn’t seem to be a “thing” from what I’ve heard.??
Im not surprised. I grew up in South Africa where labour is cheap. Management think in terms of how many people they throw at a project and when you reduce life to numbers it blurs the line between safety and bottom line. Its common in Developing Economies for this mentality to to dominate an industry like mining or oil.
Just how much pain for the man who lived to tell the tale. Unimaginable.
As a Trinidaian, I watched in horror as the news stated that they would NOT try to rescue the men. I was so infuriated by the lack of empathy that Paria (and yes...I blame them WHOLEHEARTEDLY) literally left the men to die...just to save face...
Wow. I don’t understand why they delayed rescue to the point where they knew instead of a rescue, it was gonna be a body retrieval. My heart goes out to the men who lost their lives, and my heart goes out to the sole survivor, I hope he feels no guilt for this terrible and tragic accident. Fantastic video, I would love to get updates in the future.
Im pretty sure there will be survivors guilt. It's horrible to think you make such a big promise and the people you have to rely on to execute that promise don't step up.
At the same time, I have no idea what they knew about the dangers of sending rescue crew into the pipe.
I'll do my best to follow and update but it's likely to be a slow process.
is not obvious? the dead are cheap
It's obvious, clean-ups are allot cheaper than mounting a safe rescue.
Flat out too scared to risk lives. Smh. Yellow asses need to be sued.
According to the support diver who survived. The coast guard only stopped because of paria manger said (nah they dead, don’t bother..yet the survivor was literally talking and praying with all 4 and he’d promised he’d return no matter what) and then they literally impeded him from rescue by force . Again this is at the oil company request
I was present during the incident as at that time I was also employed at LMCS, from my perspective, it looked like Politics played the biggest part in the rescue effort as the parent company Paria Fuel trading is a highly corrupted company.
Yes they are corrupt
Hi Waterline, this was a stellar video, I'm a Trinidadian and there's been a lot of speculation as to what happened in the public space but there's as you know the commission of enquiry going on right now and many of the events that led to this tragic incident are being revealed. As a Trinidadian who's worked offshore I can say I TRULY wish more people would take the time to follow the COE to really get an appreciation of the complexity of these projects, the risks involved and the eventual consequences of negligence. Nothing will bring back those 4 men and our public is justifiably angry, but only thru this commission can we get a peek into the reality of the events that led to the incident... Thanks again for the analysis.
Thank you for this candid, objective response, this video truly brought clarity to the event. As citizens we all need to hear the evidence, ALL the evidence and avoid the emotional and politicized responses. I am making the effort to listen to the hearings and read the evidence in spite of the somber and depressing emotions conjured up at times. it seems, based on what I have heard and seen thus far, and in my limited experience in the field that both Paria and LMCS were clearly not prepared for this hazard, therefore the proper emergency response procedure, equipment and man power were not in place to handle the situation. The indecisions, the inaction, the delays are all symptomatic of level of unpreparedness that should not be seen in organizations that have been operating in this sphere for decades. Unfortunately these men paid the price with their lives. May their families be properly compensated, and may our industry practice and policies be improved by the lessons learnt from this incident.
I can’t imagine how terrifying this would be. Those poor men, waiting and wondering if anyone will come. Not knowing if their fellow diver is alive or dead. It’s like the “rescuers” were just waiting for the men to die. Safety often seems to take a backseat in the oil and gas industry.
I must have died in a very similar way in a past life. It's the only way to explain why I'm so afraid of anything to do with machinery and pipes under water.
I'd rather fall off an oil rig and hit concrete than be in the water around one of those things
😔💔😭 RIP babe. We miss you so much. I pray each day for justice for you Kazim, Rishi, Fyzie & Chris. God never sleeps. Whoever is responsible for this WILL pay🕊🕊🕊🕊
My condolences
Your content is great, man. I hope your channel gets big, because I have loved everything you've put out so far. You deserve the attention. :)
Thank you. I really do appreciate that. I'm doing my best to add information to the stories that is otherwise overlooked. Welcome aboard.
Its sickening to know that if Christopher didnt make it out, that they wouldve all suffered and no one would know the truth and assumed they died instantly and werent left to die in agony.
This was an amazing synopsis and I thank you for this. I live in Trinidad and this incident has rocked the country. There’s nothing that could be done to bring those souls back and Christopher is forever traumatised but this must be used as a lesson to be learned and shared with peers within the industry.
How do you know that nothing could have been done?
@@karlscher5170it's a paid comment by paria probably
Wow.. This is beyond shocking... As a safety personnel and a project manager.... Setting part of this story does not add up:
1* The Hazard and Risk analysis for this work is suppose to include a means of communication especially for isolated/enclosed space
2* beyond the safety diver that went in with them who was on standby to constantly check if all was well down there
3* The length of time it took before they heard the first safety diver cry out is unbelievably long....
A follow up video in this issue would be appreciated.
The investigation is ongoing. I'll wait until we never so three inform we can get before a followe up.
Your points are well noted. I'm not sure any of this was in place.
If you've ever worked in the utility business and seen how violent the reaction can be when the bag (or they called them plugs) is deflated, then you can only imagine how much more it would be at those depths - the cat is right, this horrible incident begs for more questions to be asked because it seems like the divers were in over their heads so to say, with being experianced in diving but not knowing or not being told about known (or unknown) pipe conditions, I always heard experianced underground pipe rehabbers say, "It's them unknowns that GET YA". It seems like the brave souls were setting off a pressure bomb that they were inside of - something certainly doesn't add up, rip to the brave souls and prayers and condolences to the families of these men.
Yep. I think that about sums it up. Its probably a faulty inflatable plug that burst as the pressure hit it and then they got swept along.
Water/waste water here in South Australia we always called them bungs. I have no idea why.
@@change_your_oil_regularly4287 It’s called a bung on a whiskey barrel.
@@change_your_oil_regularly4287 a barrel was one of the first things that had a hole in it and the plug in that hole was called a bung. That concept likely transferred to plugging anything like a pipe.
!
I watched some of the survivors Court testimony and it's heart-wrenching. I cannot imagine that he will be able to psychologically survive this without an enormous feeling of guilt that the company is willing to let him shoulder.
Hey, please note the Commission of Enquiry is going on, and with your experience, it would be great if you could review the evidence posted on the website so far and perhaps do a follow up video. The way you explain it makes me wonder if the inflatable plug was the correctly rated plug, and inflated sufficiently to provide a positive seal at an internal pressure higher than the habitat or Berth 5 pressure. This is very close to home for me, and happened in a place I have worked before, justice needs to be served.
Thanks, yes I'm following along.
I hope he does a follow up as well.
Ok, so water had flooded their habitat and sucked them down the riser but i don't believe it was sooo much water that the entire pipe section was completely filled. anyone else has thoughts on this aspect? how long could the dangerous delta-p conditions have existed before everything equalized and settled down? and what estimated volume of water would have been sucked in that same time duration? survivor testimony states the pipeline or at least portions of it had significant air pockets and he made it out essentially obstacle-free; he swapped a few tanks he came across on his harrowing self-rescue but it was nothing he couldn't move past on his way out. does anyone care to guess why this 1st-hand information not given any significance or consideration by potential rescuers?
and then they sent down cameras, so why couldn't they attach an air tube or a number of tubes for that matter? one perhaps to siphon out water plus another two air-lines working in tandem (intake & exhaust with a 'small' delta-p this time to force a comfortable circulation) to try and create a temporary 'survivable' environment? someone else chime in here please; were there potential risks and complication in doing what i suggested?...the fact that nothing at all was attempted is what is bothering me a lot; seems to me they had cameras down there only to verify those divers had perished (my speculation and interpretation)...lastly, it's a fairly simple piping arrangement; does it really take that long to conduct a risk assessment for rescue? so 2 whole days of cover-up and non-action is what i ascertain, and I don't even want to think about the terror and pain those men must have experienced being abandoned to die...i hope they and their families get justice one day...
I saw some guy in the comments saying that the divers had already died before the survivor came out, as to say that the survivor was wishfully thinking that they are still alive after 6 hours on a 2-3 hour tank of air. He should pay attention before talking shit because as u stated the survivor mentioned they were breathing via pockets of air.
The delta p event lasted for about 40 seconds.
The pipeline had a very small slope and after the event it can be estimated (thanks to the Boyles law) that from the B5 riser about 140 m from the 365 m were filled with compressed air (Absolute Pressure: 2,57 bars).
What did they do to get the bodies out that they couldn't do earlier?
@@justincharles6585 I think they were banging on the pipe, letting them know they were alive for at least a day and a half!
@@johanna006 flushed them out. Had they done that while they were alive I think they would've perished from pressure or suffocate from oil + water. I'm just guessing though
Knowing Trinidad there probably wasn’t a second plug
Thank you for this explanation. I'm from Trinidad, many of us here are paying attention to the investigations. It's saddening knowing that they were alive and no attempt was made to rescue them.
I wonder why that did not try pump air into the opposite side to get the water out and fill the pipe with air. This would not have led to more life’s at risk. Sounds like incompetence and lack of safety measures in analysing the risks up front to what if the bottom plug was leaky or failed while the divers were in the habitat. From the picture it looks like the divers were heading for a pleasure dive not serious commercial work. Just my opinion looking at this video. Maybe many facts not included to change this statement but a real tragedy for the divers that died. Ultimately they paid the highest price which is sad.
Yes thats certainly one way. Hopefully some good recommendations come from the investigation.
ex commercial diver here , i worked the North Sea , there were a couple of incidents there that might be worth a video , one where the supervisor screwed up ,he ordered that the bell was lifted using the Umbilical ,he did have a safer option ,two guys lost their lives ,the supervisor did a runner back to the USA , Then there was the other one where the Bell blew off the saturation complex killing all those inside ,that came about due to negligence as a result of an argument over overtime payments
Byford?
This video is a very comprehensive explanation of this tragedy even without some of the finer details. It is much better than what we in Trinidad and Tobago have received from Paria. Thank you for helping us understand a bit more of what our brothers went through.
This is the BEST explanation of the whole situation I have seen so far. I am also from Trinidad and there has been a lot of emotion and misinformation about this disaster. What really caused the water/air pressure to change? No one can satisfactorily explain.
I used to set plugs like this in storm drains so we could work in dry conditions. Deepest I have set them is 20 feet of water. I've seen many fail and go shooting down the pipe or up out of the pipe due to not equalizing the pressure.
So it happens often.
No risk assessment done I'm guessing. There's a reason why commercial diving jobs aren't done on scuba.
The fact that Boodram came out of the pipe and told people on the surface that another person was RIGHT BEHIND HIM ..and Nothing was done by Colin Piper of Paria Fuel and everyone responsible for giving the ok to to put a rescue into action..
These assholes were going through "scenarios" while these men slowly died.. and a Paria Official gave himself and Paria an "Excellent" rating for the way they handled the incident.. nastiness to the highest order.. wreaks of People's National Movement
Thank you for creating this video. Your technical explanation was top notch. It's such a shame that this incident did not receive the same global coverage as the recent OceanGate submarine incident, nor was there the military directed, international, scramble to save these workers as was done for those billionaires. RIP all of the departed. 🙏
Yes it’s a huge contrast.
Was the pipe not equipped with a pressure gauge? Seems to me knowing the pressure inside the pipe behind the plugs would be the number one thing you would have to know before approving any sort of maintenance work on it. At the very least, you would have to take precautions to make sure that pressure from one side of the plug was equal to the pressure being pumped into the work area.
Yes good point. I couldnt find any info on that. These are all the things that need to be investigated.
The other end of that pipe should have had a blank bolted over it and the pipe should have been pressurized to the same pressure as the air in the upside down diving bucket or diving bell. The storyteller has an interesting observation that the plug was there somehow to keep gases from coming out of the pipeline into the diving bell. The opposite was true it was to keep the air from rushing out of the diving bell right out the other end of the pipe. If the other end of the pipe was above sea level then all that air that you pumped into that diving bell is going to gush out that 30-in hole.
There will be many videos like this..Divers and dive instructors oil companies worldwide will be watching this case. Very few people can go through a Delta P event and live to tell about it. One of the things needs to be known is what exactly were the actual job details and if procedures were followed. Outfits like Failure Analysis and Seconds from Disaster would make full documentary on this event. Delta P events just happens..there are no warnings. Underwater diving/working is one of the most dangerous jobs in the world. Very insightful video.
i live near a gas terminal, and there is a big intake pipe from the sea, into the plant, its been there decades. around the 80s two swimmers jumped in the local dock, and got pulled into the intake pipes.
the pipes were grated over, so they didn't end up getting jammed into any equipment, But because of the suction and the grate, they got pulled into the grate, held in place, and drowned.
that pipe still creeps me out
And so it should creep you out. The flow of water is so strong. Even when it's a slow pull it's relentless so you have to fight until you are completely free of the current. Thanks for sharing
@@waterlinestories these are excellent videos btw. i live near a dock, and alot of maritime activity. so its interesting to me to learn about random maritime stuff.
Thanks. The ocean use so vast with such a rich history and yet still so mysterious. I love it
@@waterlinestories the town where i live made loads of iconic ships from the early 1900s pretty cool place. we made the Oriana, HMS dreadnought, IJN kongo, IJN Mikasa and many others. so i know what you mean!
We had one of those on Lake Erie and I was always creeped out about it. People could be found windsurfing in the vicinity of it (back when windsurfing was a thing)
A bit more than one year ago, five divers were sucked into a pipeline. One of the divers managed to get out of the pipe on his own, but unfortunately the other four died on the spot after a few hours because nothing was done to save them in time.
Public hearings into the investigation of this incident that happened in Trinidad and Tobago on February 25, 2022 are now closed and the final report was expected to be released in April, but unfortunately it has been postponed for a few more weeks (or months).
But thanks to the hearings as well as the numerous documents that were published on this occasion, we can already realize that the main cause of this dramatic incident is due to ignorance by all the parties concerned (diving company/ divers/ customer) of this type of danger.
Nevertheless, in this investigation, a question remains unanswered as to whether these four divers could have been saved or not. It is of course not easy to answer this question, but by analysing the way the incident was handled after the return of the only survivor, the answer is definitely NO, and this for the simple and good reason that at no time did the people involved in this rescue worry about the depth of the water and the absolute pressure prevailing inside the pipeline as well as the time that was passing since the beginning of the incident.
Reminder of the course of events:
14h40: Four divers are working in a hyperbaric chamber placed over a 30” riser. The absolute pressure into the chamber is 1.45 bars.
14h43: A fifth diver arrives at the bottom of the chamber to bring a wrench to the team.
14h45: One of the divers deflates the plug that is present in the riser and the delta P occurs.
The 5 divers are violently sucked into the riser/pipeline.
14h46: End of suction.
14h5?: The rescue diver enters the hyperbaric chamber and finds that it is empty.
At that moment he also notes that the water height in the riser is equal to the lower level of the chamber (i.e. 4.5 m or 14,76 ft.).
The alert is given.
16h00: Bangs are heard in the pipeline.
16h25: One of the divers C.B. has managed to come back to the surface in the riser but he cannot get out of the water. He taps and shouts to be heard.
16h45: Two rescue divers enter the hyperbaric chamber and help Christopher B to come out of the riser. The latter asks them if he has any decompression stops to make.
Without bothering to check the inner depth of the riser, the supervisor replied no, when in reality he had just spent between 100 to 105 minutes at 15.7 m (51,6 ft.) which in the 55 ft table of the USN Manual rev 7 gives an air stop of 17 to 34 min at 6 m (20 ft). The fact that Christopher did not get bend is probably due to the fact that he spent several long minutes in the riser at the pressure of 1.45 bars.
16h48: Christopher is recovered on the surface where he informs the team of the situation in the pipeline, emphasizing the fact that his 4 colleagues are injured but alive.
He describes that three of them are in a large air pocket and the fourth is waiting in a second, smaller air pocket closer to the riser elbow as he has been following C.B for some time.
17h??: Following the information given by the survivor, the surface team prepares the hookah.
17h45: Diver M.K assisted by divers C.C & R.R enters the riser and then progresses in the pipeline to the end of its hose, i.e. over a distance of about 3 m (10 ft.). As he encounters nothing, he comes back up.
18h??: After his return to the surface, the team puts in place a new dive plan which includes sending a tethered scuba diver in the pipeline with a diving bottle equipped with 2 regulators (at this time there is no commercial diving equipment available yet).
18h25: C.B assisted by M.K & R.R are back in the habitat and are ready to dive, but at the last moment the diver feels that his tender M.K was not in a condition to assist him properly, so he decides to abort the dive and wait for commercial diving equipment to arrive.
18h30: Another commercial diver (C.B's brother) arrives on site with his commercial gear and a 91 m (300 ft.) umbilical.
Another dive plan is redone in which it is planned to send a commercial diver down the pipe until he reaches a missing diver. He would then tie a rope to him and let the chamber attendants pull him. It is not specified how the injured diver was going to be supplied with air.
18h30: Bangs are heard near riser B5.
19h00: The client decrees a total ban on diving despite the arrival between 19h00 and 20h00 of two dive vessels with full commercial diving equipment. The reason given is that the client and the Incident Command Team (ICT) believe that another delta P could still occurs and so they want to first inspect the integrity of the pipeline with a ROV or a crawler before allowing divers in again.
20h00: Banging is again heard near riser B5.
20h30 - 22h00: Upon request from the dive company, the command team (ICT) authorizes divers to install the B6 upper riser extension to prevent possible filling of the riser and chamber in the event of a failure of the compressor.
22h10: A company is contacted to provide a crawler.
23h00: Removal of the blind flange from the habitat to allow access to the upper part of the B6 riser which is now out of the water. The removal of this cover has the effect of reducing the absolute pressure in the pipeline by +/- 0.2 bars, but also has the effect of no longer allowing the decompression stop to be made in the hyperbaric chamber.
02h30: (Saturday) bangs are heard for the last time near riser B5.
03h00: First intervention of the crawler from the B6 riser side. As it progresses, the crawler encounters a scuba tank at a distance of 50.6 m (166 ft.) from the top of the riser. The craft tries to push the bottle away, but ultimately can only move it over a distance of (5,8 m (19 ft.).
05h00: After several unsuccessful attempts and seeing that the crawler cannot advance further, the ICT decides to send the machine to the other side of the pipeline and authorizes the diving company to remove the B5 riser blind flange.
06h00: The blind flange of riser B5 is removed. Nobody seems to realize it, but the consequence of this act has the effect of lowering the water level by about 11 m in B6 riser and thus at the same time displace this mass of water in the pipeline, but also and above all to completely and quickly drop the pressure that reigned in the pipeline (+/- 2.3 bars) to atmospheric pressure.
Decompressing these poor four divers who had been confined to this pressure for about 14 hours, in less than an hour sealed their fate and from there nothing more could have been done to save them alive.
(see next comment)
Continued comment 1
Question:
By removing this flange, did the ICT and the diving company know what they were doing and what the consequences would be?
Answer:
Apparently not, because even a few hours later the ICT was still asking the dive company to draw up a new rescue dive plan.
Question:
Was the ICT correct by saying that a second delta P could still occur if the plug was not fully deflated?
Answer:
No
Here, in this incident, the delta P was related to the deflation of the obturator and occurred as soon as the pressure inside it became insufficient to hold it in place. Today we know that the plug open/close valve was torn off. This could have happened when the diver opened the said valve with his spanner or more likely because the valve got caught in the retaining chain at the start of the plug movement inside the riser.
In any case, in the real situation, it can be said that, as it moved through the pipeline, the plug quickly and completely emptied of its air due to the increasing pressure exerted downstream of it.
This means that at the end of the event which, let us remember, lasted about forty seconds, this plug returned to its original shape, that is to say that of a cylinder of about 15 '' of diameter.
Obviously, at the time of the incident, no one knew the exact position of the open/close valve and therefore one could also imagine (although this is more than unlikely) that the diver just had time to close it when he realized that something was wrong.
This means that in this case, the plug would then have moved in the pipe without the air being able to escape. Could this have resulted in blocking it again? The answer is off course NO because even if the bag was still practically inflated when it started to slip, it would then have been subjected to a higher pressure (2.5 bars) than it had at the start (1.45 bars) and this would have resulted in a strong compression and deformation of its outer envelope and thus a reduction of its volume and its initial diameter. This means that in both cases (open valve or closed valve) the water could easily have circulated between the obturator and the wall of the pipe and therefore could not generate another delta P. Why the ICT (which also included a dive expert) has not come to the same conclusion remains a mystery, but it has resulted in many hours being lost in unnecessary dithering.
But let’s assume now that ICT has not banned rescue dives. Would that have changed the course of events?
Unfortunately, until 19h00 the potential rescue divers didn’t have the adequate commercial diving equipment.
We saw that after the hookah dive which did not yield anything, a second rescue dive, planned to send a scuba diver inside the pipeline with a diving bottle (12 l) equipped with 2 regulators (it is not said, but we can suppose the diver had also planned to take another diving bottle with him).
Under such stressful circumstances and due to the difficult progression in the pipeline (feet first travel / portion of pipeline partly without water / wall full of slippery crude oil), the rescue diver would have consumed much more air than in a normal situation which means that with its 2400 litres of air he would have had an autonomy of about 20 minutes, and that during this period of time he should have, if it had found someone, correctly tie the retrieval rope, then give (or place) a diving mask on the head and finally secure a scuba tank properly on his back (or on his stomach depending on the injuries) while making sure it would stay in position during the ascent of the diver in riser, and to finish, he had to guide and return to the riser with the diver.
Knowing these parameters, we can say that with a scuba equipment, this rescue would have been very RISKY if the injured diver was found more than +/- 45 m (150 ft.) from the elbow and the risk would have been even higher, as nothing had been planned with the assistants on the dive time and the maximum penetration length in the pipeline.
As consequence, it can be safely said that it was a VERY good thing to have aborted this dive.
Subsequently, another dive could have been made around 19h00 with this time a 300-foot umbilical. This length would have allowed a penetration of approximately 200 feet after the elbow and would likely have been sufficient to reach the diver which was following Christopher (provided the diver remained in place). The problem here is that once the diver was brought back into the chamber, he should have, after his long dive (> 255 min) at 55 ft. stay there for very long air decompression stop (313-432 minutes) or (83-106) if O² was available, with the high possibility to face a severe decompression accident as this stop would have been made at a depth less than the depth of the table.
With the 55 feet table the maximum exposure time is 360 min (6 hours), and this duration was reached at 20h45. This means that from that time, the rescue of the divers would then have become more and more problematic because there was then no longer a decompression table available for such a dive time and therefore the risk of generating a severe or even more serious type 2 accident would have been inevitable.
(see next comment)
Continued comment 2
It can therefore be said that, even if the dives had been authorized, the chances of success would have been extremely slim to recover more than one living diver, and even more if the upper extension of the B6 riser had also been installed since from that moment on, no decompression except decompression in the riser would have been possible.
Does this mean that whatever was done that day, these four unfortunate divers had very little chance of making it out alive? The answer is unfortunately NO.
What was fatal to the four divers was that as time passed they were increasingly saturated with inert gas (nitrogen) and after 20h45 any rescue attempts would more than likely have been doomed to failure.
Yet it would have taken very little for them, too, to more than likely be recovered alive from that pipeline.
What should have been done as soon as the only survivor returned, would have been to immediately look at the actual depth at which the other divers were confined because that would then have shown that there was going to be a decompression problem very quickly and that to avoid this, it was necessary to reduce the ambient pressure in the pipeline and in the air pockets as quickly as possible. And so the only way to do that without completely flooding the line was to lower the water level in riser B6.
This operation could easily have been done by lowering a submerged pump or even an airlift (at the start of the pumping phase) into the riser via the hyperbaric chamber and thus pumping out a certain amount of water (+/- 30 m³) so as to lower the water level in the riser until only about 3 m (10 ft.) of water remained in it, which would then have reduced the absolute pressure in the pipeline to (+ /_1.45 + 0.3) = 1.75 bar.
Doing so would not only have allowed the divers to already desaturate their tissues from the maximum pressure, but it would also have had the effect of increasing the volume of air in the pipeline.
As we can imagine, these rescue dives would not have been the easiest to do and before they could be done a certain number of points should have been adjusted in order to dive safely.
Among these were:
Launching and raising of divers:
Since a great part of the riser would have been drained out of its water, it would have been essential to install a lifting system in the chamber. This could have been done after the start of pumping during the waiting period for professional equipment.
Progress in the pipeline and travel distance:
After the incident, no concrete element could say at what distance from the entrance to the riser the divers were. It was therefore essential that the umbilical’s had a sufficient length to at least exceed the central point of the pipeline by a few meters. After the arrival of rescue boats, several umbilical’s of 91 m (300 feet) were available and they could easily have been connected to each other in order to have sufficient length. (To save time, these transformations could have already been done on the way to the site).
Another difficulty that should have been faced because of the limited space inside the pipe was the use of the bailout bottle. It would of course have been absolutely inconceivable to deprive the divers of this emergency gas supply, but in this case could it not have been replaced by a smaller bottle such as a pony bottle of 5 or 8 litres. The answer is obviously NO, because an 8 litre at 200 bar (1600 l) would only have provided autonomy of about 10 minutes which would have been insufficient to return from the middle of the pipeline.
Indeed, it should be remembered that the only survivor remained approximately 105 minutes in the pipeline. We can assume that just after the incident, a lot of time was lost by the divers to recover from their emotions and to decide to move, but we can decently think that the only surviving diver then took between 30 and 60 minutes to return to the top of the riser. This means that in the event of an incident occurring during the rescue dive, the capacity of a conventional bailout would also have been insufficient because it would only have offered autonomy of approximately 16 minutes.
Therefore, for this rescue, it would have been preferable to leave the bailout bottle on the surface while providing the air to the band mask or helmet via a second hose taped to the main umbilical. This technique is frequently used in inshore diving when working in very confined areas where evolution is difficult. The advantage of this technique is that it increases the autonomy of the emergency air because the bailout bottle can then be replaced by a larger one.
On the other hand, it is obvious that this technique can only be implemented on condition that the risk analysis demonstrates that during the dive, nothing can fall on the umbilical or hinder it to the point of blocking it and that the only way out for the diver would then be to cut his line. In this incident, with the exception of the 4 scuba tanks (which should have been brought to the surface before progressing further forward), and the plug (which must have been ahead of the divers), no other large obstructions was in the pipeline and therefore the safety conditions were met to leave the emergency gas on the surface.
As one can imagine, these rescue dives would not have been easy because to facilitate the return or the recovery of the rescue diver in case of problem, it would have been necessary to progress with the feet first over probably a fairly long distance (+/- 200 m) in a slippery pipeline including also partially filled sections with water which would therefore contain a relatively toxic atmosphere to breathe. At first glance, a logical choice would thus have been to use a diving helmet because it is more waterproof than a 18/28 band mask (MOD-1 not available on the site). But given the type of progression (partially dry environment) it would seem that a band mask would have been preferable because it would have been much lighter and comfortable to move around.
With this band mask, the risk of inhaling toxic gas fumes in the waterless sections would have been higher than with a helmet, but to avoid this, it would then have been sufficient to leave the free flow slightly open in such a way to have a continuous flow of fresh air under slight overpressure, as is the case with a hazmat helmet or mask.
Eventually, the use of continuous free flow would have had the effect of once again increasing the ambient pressure inside the pipeline and therefore also raising the water level in riser B6. Hence the needs to monitor and pump back the excess water in order to stay below the critical level.
On site, no dry diving suit was apparently available. Therefore, to limit as much as possible the contact of the wetsuit and therefore the skin with crude oil, the rescue diver(s) would have had to wear protective clothing (Tyvek or overalls) and more or less waterproof gloves.
Finally, and contrary to what has been said by certain diving experts, in NO case could the umbilical have gotten stuck in the roundness of the riser elbow and therefore the immersion of a second diver at the bottom of the riser was ABSOLUTELY not recommended because in the event of a problem it would simply have been necessary to retrieve the diver by pulling on the umbilical rather than sending another rescue diver into the pipeline.
If these few suggestions had been followed, and if no divers had been found beyond 200 m, (656 ft.) then the upper extension of the B6 riser could have been installed. This would then have allowed the opening of the B5 riser without any risk of decompression sickness and would then also have permitted to do the rescue from that side.
Unfortunately, we see that following the accumulation of errors, things did not end in the right way.
RIP dear colleagues.
In Trinidad. There is a very lapse and poor safety culture on the part of private companies. People need to know the truth.
I feel really bad for the only survivor you know hes beating himself up as he went to go get help and said he'd be back with help but help never came no matter how much you tried you know he blamed himself it's not his fault but you know hes beating himself up left and right for that
So true
Here is the link to the Commission of Enquiry into the Paria incident
ua-cam.com/video/UdTRUCiABQI/v-deo.html
Thanks I appreciate that
One thing is for certain…. Gas and oil companies WILL NEVER BE HELD RESPONSIBLE for any bad thing that happens….. the power of money.
That I believe
As someone that has worked in the oil industry on land..............the mindset is funerals are almost always cheaper in the long run. Change that reality and you might see some change in the industry.
Really interesting video, I’d be curious to see the results of the investigation whenever that is complete (could still be a few years away…). Regardless of how it was caused, it must have been a harrowing event for all those who were affected. RIP to those who lost their lives.
Thanks for covering this topic WS. I hadn’t heard of it until now
Yes . Ill do my best to follow it. But yes, could be a few years.
First day of Investigation Enquiry happened yesterday! Please tune in to hear voices from the pipeline caught on Go pro and what will be the outcome of this investigation. The lone survivor Christopher Boodram gave testimony while breaking down in tears several times. It’s heartbreaking something like this happened in my sweet homeland. The country stands behind the fact that they were left there to die and the heads of the company (Paria) involved in this disaster should be jailed without bail!!
Someone needs to be sued! The negligent lack of rescue and respect of those mens lives is atrocious!
That's fuc up 4 die while the RICH pockets gets fatter and fatter Rip to those men who lost their lives CHRIS ur the man brother 🙏
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Hey one of the rescue diver here yeah the only part you got wrong about the rescue of my boodram. The riser was filled up just about 3 feet from the top.
Ah interesting. I couldn't find a definite answer. Thanks for sharing
Ew man, i just seen this happening from the set up. I’m doubting there was a second plug (there definitely should have been a second one) but just seeing their set up i don’t think they understood the situation they had created.
That whole set up was the same basic design your bathtub drain works on. Toilet too basically.
Yes. It's difficult to piece together exactly what the set up was.
Obviously didn't work.
@@waterlinestories oh ok i thought you were explaining it the way it was done. The way it was drawn out had me thinking that was how it was all set up. I’ll have to keep looking for developments in this whole thing because now I’m real curious about the details.
Yeah I pieced together a few reports and industry expert comments to get the best picture I could. Not much is known right now
@thejakefromstatefarm6768 So no plug on b5?
Trinidad & Tobago w.i 🇹🇹 🏝We really appreciate all of your technical research behind the scenes & easy explanation.The lone survivor may suffer from psychological trauma & guilt for the rest of his life & RIP to the 4 divers🙏 🕊
sounds like a bit of corruption was involved. sending crew into a steel pipe to remove lodged equipment is not easy but not that hard with proper diving gear and expertise.
May they rest in peace and may their families receive compensation. God bless.
This video needs to blow up worldwide. The world needs to know about this incident and the curruption and injustice going on in Trinidad & Tobago where the present government prioritized money & greed over 4 human lives in this case and are attempting to cover it up.
My claustrophobia won’t allow me to watch this video straight through till the end 😖🇹🇹🇹🇹🇹🇹
Being from the Caribbean, I'm surprised I hadn't heard about this
Many big interests are trying to cover it up thats why
NO FRIGG'N WAY I'd ever be a pipeline diver...NO WAY MAN!
Yep
I love your videos because you're thorough (but not long-winded) and you explain everything effectively so anyone, regardless of the level (or lack thereof) of prior knowledge, can understand what/how things happen.
Thanks. I really appreciate that. Exactly what I'm aiming for.
Hey. Ive had a number of people email me and ask me to cover Chris Lemon. Ill do the story because its entered the zeitgeist but I wanted to ask around and see if there is any information or an angle that would be more interesting than 'By the Grace of God'. I dont want to do a copy and paste style video. Do you have any opinions? If so, could you email me paulpnel@gmail.com
@@waterlinestories All the videos discuss what happened to him (in abridged form), but I haven't seen much about HOW they went about recovering him and saving his life and how WHY he was able to miraculously recover (its usually just left to a sentence or two about the frigid water and his metabolic rate slowing down). But besides that, they don't go into detail about his recovery period or anything.
Thanks. Good point.
Fyzal Kurban was my uncle. Thank you for spreading awareness
RIP Fyzal. My condolences to you and your family.
Terrible tragedy. That is the most dangerous work in the world. Takes skill and professionalism to do underwater repair and salvage.
The official enquiry started last week. It was sad to hear the survivor recount his experience.
Both companies are playing the blame game the whole of Trinidad is standing by the lone savior and may the families get justice thank you for letting the world know this story because being a dot in the world many people don’t know these stuff happens not only here but all over the world
Sounds like the sort of rescue attempt the Russians go for when their subs sink: sit back and do nothing. If option A was to just abandon the 4 divers to their watery grave until they were certain to have died, surely the company could have just immediately cut a 10 foot long section out of the horizontal pipe and tried to get in there to render first aid and air?
Yep.
I saw their pov footage and the pipe was not filled with water, they crew were all alive in the pipe and asking each other if they're okay, 2 of them had broken arm,leg and back. They had enough time for a recovery, what a dumbass company to leave their men in there😐
Another question... what could have possibly be the flash that triggered the whole thing
Just the plug giving way under the pressure line a balloon going pop
That ΔP takes no prisoners.
Nope. It takes everyone
there are so many cave diving channels from non divers that promote fear and give the sport a bad name. I enjoy your content. talking about the companies protecting themself from litigation, and their families. it is obvious your heart is in the right place. I truly dislike the channels that use suspense, fear, and scary music to essentially demonize caving or diving.
Well this one is fresh. I don't intend to bias the story. I just wanted to share what I think happened from the science side rather than make claims about who did, did not or should have, should not have, when I know nothing about it and not all the facts have surfaced.
I have tried some of the suspenseful music in some of my videos. I think the more matter of fact approach feels more like me.
But I taught recreational scuba for ten years, I love it. I hope I can tell the story in an informative way so it makes sense rather than just to heighten the tension.
Thanks for your comments
@@waterlinestories i dive with my friends. and id hate for one of us to be in one those videos. the idea of thousands of people eating popcorn to the death of myself or my friend is unreal.
im specifically referring to channels like mr deified and scary interesting.
Ive watched all your videos and have no issues with any of them.
hope you have a nice day
@@waterlinestories The thing about these stories is that facts + insights from your personal experience will create a far more engaging video than atmospheric music or dramatic narration ever will. Do what you feel comfortable with & don't be afraid of making it technical... there is a _huge_ audience on UA-cam for highly technical content that's not overdramatised & speculation-free. I'm subbed to a bunch of pure engineering & science channels that have over a million subscribers each, and even the USCSB (US Chemical Safety Board) has a big following for their post-accident industrial safety videos! So you make these as matter-of-fact as you like 👍
Maybe if cave divers did not do so many silly things and ignore warnings and safety stuff then there would not be so many cases to watch. Just as bad as the 8000+ mtr climbers.
@@hexadecimal7300 no its not about how many there are to watch. its about the fact that if you are seeking out and specifically watching videos of individuals dying in caves for no reason other than entertainment, youre morally bankrupt and a coward.
Why would you want to watch a video of someone dying then make snide comments about them afterwards? thats sick!
The authorities should’ve AT LEAST driven a bright light 💡 and a 2 way radio down the pipe. That may have given HOPE and clarity to some of the men. If they heard instructions over the radio they could’ve tried to make their way toward the light! They would’ve at least known which direction to go towards. With a good light source If they saw an obstruction in detail they would have a much better chance of clearing it. The men who were able could’ve rescued themselves with NO RISK to others.
The public hearings into the investigation of this incident are now closed and the final report is expected to be released in April. But thanks to the hearings as well as the numerous documents that were published on this occasion, we can already realize that the main cause of this dramatic incident is due to ignorance by ALL the parties concerned (diving company/ divers/ customer) of this type of danger.
During that incident, Christopher Boodram, Fysal Kurban, Rishi Nagassar, Yusuf Henry and Kasim Ali jr, were sucked into a pipeline by a violent delta P. About two hours after the incident, Christopher managed to come back at the top of the riser on his own.
For the other four divers this unfortunately was not the case because they died on the spot a few hours later, following a very PISS-POOR POST INCIDENT MANEGEMENT.
Yet it would have taken very little for them, too, to more than likely be recovered alive from that pipeline.
Fate made it otherwise.
RIP dear colleagues.
It will be good to see the final report. Unfortunately it seems people only pay attention to safety after accidents happen.
@@waterlinestories From what I’m hearing and reading, this tragic incident seems to have opened the eyes of a lot of people in Trinidad and things are now starting to change into the commercial diving world there.
Trini here, how could NOONE know what would happen when they busy that plug? Too suspect and noone tried to save them cause they thought it might happen again? Super sketchy!!! Are all of them untrained including Paria? No one knew what would happen?????
This is unforgiveable. Top level management , colin piper, catherine balkissoon , wei, left those men for dead. Nothing was done. 3rd world country , 3rd world response.
So a possible failing bung and a danderous pressure difference were not part of the risk assessment?
Id love to see the risk assessment. I havent been able to find it so Im sure its not been made public. Hopefully in years to come it will surface.
plugs and flanges are totally different things, they removed a plug and that’s when Delta P came into play or differential pressure. Bell had high pressure and the pipe had a low pressure. Delta P can suck a human body with scuba gear on into a 6 inch pipe and probably smaller.
Wonderful of you to make these videos highlighting this and similar events. We can’t bring back those who have died, but we can learn from their stories and honor them by educating others
Thanks for saying so. I hope to do them justice.
Yup that's why those safety instructions are written in blood!
I used to be a commercial diver. Almost met God twice. 2nd time. I went around the corner . Cause they had a turbine running . Which should have been shut down. For most people . They have not a clue!! How powerful water can be. I was nothing more then a leaf in a shit show. Thank God. I had an awesome dive team. Stay safe n don't chew your air . Just cause you can blow bubbles with it. Doesn't mean it's gum. Don't chew your air ! Lol
Glad you made it. Happens so quick down there.
I was saying out loud to everyone in my truck “the pressure differential is what is going to suck them in” as we were listening before you even got to the accident portion. This is why launch chambers are flooded before launching SEALS with motorized sleds from our🇺🇸submarines to avoid them getting crushed or slammed violently into the steel bulkheads. Humans as strong as some are can’t overcome the pressure differential between air and water. Mother Nature is one tough chick let me tell you.
I wonder why they didn't lower a submersible pump into the bottom of the riser and start lowering the water level. I'm sure they could have found a fresh water well pump or something that could handle the 60ft lift. It could have potentially allowed air to reach the men and buy them some time. They could also have tapped into the other end of the pipe and started pumping air into it while pumping water out at the other end. So many possibilities, all stymied by corporate bureaucracy.
I came across this case some time ago, what may be added to further demonstrate the forces these souls endured is that the pipe when undergoing maintenance needs to be depressurized from the mainland so that the pressure within the tube and the bell the divers are operating from within is similar. this is a standard.. but in this particular case that did not happen, instead the tube was empty.. imagine a 90cm Diameter tube stretching a mile without air and then suddenly the balloon in the tube being punctured the pressure will do it's best to stabilize to a mutual pressure. this means that the instant that balloon is punctured a mile of tube is literally sucking the air out of the bell where the divers are followed by the water going back up in the bell from the air pressure being reduced in there.. the human brain reacts to danger in about 23-25 ms this happened so fast that the divers were 100's of meters down the pipe before being able to even understand that everything was not as it was a second earlier.. a few seconds later they come to a stand still on a small section of uplifted pipe 500 meters from the hole they got socked in from.. there is a clip/ bodycam of this happening, watch at your own discretion, the clip is not visually horrific but the sheer force and the 5 divers reaction knowing what they are experiencing makes it unsettling to say the least-- if you find the clip (I will not link it) do note the camera is laying on the ground in the bell, and no matter how you go by the clip, frame by frame or slow-motion the black screen is not because the lens is broken, that is the amount of time it took to fill the bell with water and suck 5 guys in to this tube and hurl them several 100 meters all in under 1 frame.. the guy that survived is a hero in my book, if you listen to the story in detail what he did to save himself and his 4 crew is something less than 1% would try to accomplish and he did it in these conditions, just to be screwed by the people who pulled him out of the tube later.. he was basically told it is too dangerous to go down the pipe and rescue the 4 divers remaining there.. so for 3 days he sad by the tube at the mainland fighting for someone to go down there, being hold back from going back down himself while being able to hear his friends using their equipment to nock on the pipe to signal for help, until they on day 4 turned silent.. he broke down now knowing his friends died not knowing that he made it out, not knowing he fought against law and corporations trying to save their own skin because of this incident.. if I remember correctly it went as far as they wouldn't even allow for the bodies to be recovered and by they I mean those who owned responsibility over that pipe... I would rather burn alive followed by drowning than go through what these men went through just to keep our infrastructure intact, god bless and rest in peace brothers
@kongkruse7881, The last bangs were heard the Saturday at 02h30 near riser B5.
it's such a sad and horrific story, thank you mate for enlightening me on this detail may you be fortunate in whatever you do friend@@francishermans758
I'm a oil company major shareholder. Truth is we don't care about safety, only profit. We want to have more parties on our yachts and have coitus with women. We corrupt politicians by also offering female for coitus.
I am outraged by the neglect and lack of effort to rescue there is no excuse for that and the ones who blocked the rescue and didn't try all need to be held accountable and pay and realize because those men could have and should have been saved I am beyond outraged, there are several possible rescue solutions but the fact that they did not even attempt or try anything and blocked it from happening is unbelievable and they need to think and live with that and be held accountable
Please do a follow up video on this because the inquiry is uncovering the proof that the families of the four divers that did not survive need. Well done by the way on the explanation, the only correction is that, according to the inquiry, they onlt used 1 inflatable plug. Well that's the information so far.
Does anyone know what the divers are paid? I’ve hear it’s “six figures,”but nothing much more accurate, cheers.
These guys are probably paid less than that. But yes commercial divers doing dangerous work can earn six figures.
Hearing a fellow saffa using imperial measurements is strange to me. Come home boet!
Edit: "two days go by and no rescue attampt is made" that's what killed those men. Beaurocrats killed those men.
60 % of my viewers are in USA. I have to look up the conversions every time. 😀
I'll be home in December for a month
@@waterlinestories As will I. The annual december holiday. At least you only have to cater for a different measurement system, and not a different language (I assume).
Yep. I was raised in English. From Joburg, Bedfordview. Although my family have since moved to natal and CT.
@@waterlinestories No way! My brother worked at a clinic near bedfordview for a year while he was doing his 'zuma' years. He kept mentioning a bar called 'local focal', maybe you've been there :)
There were capable divers and equipment to attempt a rescue, but Paria said no, the Coast Guard is trained for open sea rescue and has equipment to suit and was not able to attempt a rescue. There is a Commission of Enquiry into the incident and it is posted to UA-cam, take a listen.
Sudden accidental and or unregulated release of Stored Energy is the biggest killer in industry. Evaluation by competent and knowledgeable experts of the risks of where and what stored energy will do if suddenly released is an essential part of the risk assessment of heavy industry work and to me this appears to not have been properly or extensively done prior to this job being commenced. The fact that no mitigation, prevention or rescue procedures were in place tells the fact that no proper risk assessment was done to identify the need for these preventative measures to be identified and put in place. No one will willfully and deliberately put men's lives in danger if the possibility of a failing plug and subsequent Delta P event had been identified as a possibility prior to the start of work. This means no proper risk assessment was initiated prior to the work so the men went in unaware of the true risk of the dangerous conditions to which they were being exposed. Responsibility lies with the senior decision makers whose job it is to run these detailed risk assessments to identify the steps to be taken to prevent disaster. Paria may have devolved this responsibility to LMCS but it did not absolve them of the responsibility to vet and check that the RA was properly done and more importantly that the steps identified by the RA to prevent fatalities and accident were taken and actively being put in place. Somewhere in that chain of command something or someone sadly failed to do the best that could have been done to protect those lives. Makes me realise the value of having taken seriously every RA I was ever involved in and will be part of in the future lifting 100 - 500 t loads with cranes onto ships etc.
The investigation has been started. They are doing a Commission of inquiry. The Process piping part of this job is being interrogated right now. The removal of the plugs and the procedures for this. I am still of the view that they should have been done a Process Hazard Analysis before the job to identify the Delta P scenario, the risks and appropriate procedures. We are a small country and people and very upset about this incident. Great video. I used to work for the former company and your assumptions are right
These men could have been saved . The authority at Paria stalled .
There are full court video’s available in youtube each session about 5 hours, those videos will give you full understanding of each member involved on the case .
May the blessing of thelord give the family strenght and courages to servived their sarrow of their lost love one justices must be account for lord only you could make it happen lord i thank you lord i beg you lird give the fmily justice jai shree ram om namo shivaya namaha
That's scary as hell. Almost like a horror movie.
Just another day at the office. Only ending in absolute terror.
The best way to protect yourself from litigation is to respect human life, keep everybody safe, and not value money over people.
The scumbag company left those guys to die , they should be closed , not one diver should work for them again , as if your in trouble no ones coming to help you .
So the survivor had his own press conference (it’s on UA-cam) he stated all his buddies were alive and the coast guard not only refused @ the managers ( or w/e is his rank) recommendation and in fact they literally impeded the rescue attempt from the survivor…. He said coastguard should only protect in rescues not act as inforcement for “muh oil company”
He was a support diver and is of course inclined to support/help/ and even rescue….He was so livid in the press conference as he stated “”my own bother” was left to die as he’d just been out a short time. I’m Not sure if it was literally his brother or best friend… but again he stated after a roll call they”d prayed together , talked for a while, and they dhelped push him out. He’d promised “he’d be back no matter” what and they all were injured but all 4 talking without mortal wounds at least. He draws up a digram and they were stacked together. One over the other,
@@MichaelPhillips-jw4bj That's so sad. I'd say livid would be an understatement if that happened to me
Lekker maah bru, we're loving your videos!
Awesome. Thanks for saying so. Which part of SA you from?
This is why I’ll never do anything where I’m putting my life into anyone else’s hands..
A very unusual illustration of Delta P. Someone did not fully understand Differential Pressure.
the worst for human bodys.....DELTA P.....omg...RIP