Germany's Ancient Roman Architecture (That's still standing)
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- Опубліковано 17 тра 2024
- Although most of Germania was never conquered by the Romans, some of its western parts were incorporated into the Empire. Here the Romans brought all the haulmarks of their civilization, and left behind many impressive structures like bridges, baths, palaces and monuments. In this video we look at seven of these that are still standing in Germany.
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Music:
"Absolution" by Scott Buckley
/ absolution-cc-by
"Relaxing Roman Music" by Adrian von Ziegler
• Relaxing Roman Music -...
Fascinating. Not too slow, not too fast, with an intelligent script, sympathetically conveyed . . .
5
You are absolutely right - fed up with slow moving repetitive documentaries featuring artful shots of some inexpert commentator ( gazing wistfully ) with an 'evocative' backing track of course . Sometimes you just want the facts. Loved this video. Thanks
As someone who grew up right next to Trier and went to school for years literally across the street from the Imperial Baths, I'm really happy an international YT channel covered the city's extraordinary monuments. This video offers me, a local who always took this great Roman heritage for granted, a completely new perspective.
One remark: You mention that the Aula Palatina was partially destroyed in the war and is therefore not entirely original. That's true, but its pre-war state wasn't the original one either: when it was integrated into the archbishop's/prince-elector's palace only one wall and the apse remained standing, the rest was reconstructed under the Prussians in the 19th century.
I went to Trier in 2011 before i truly appreciated Roman architechture and history. It was a year later only after walking around europe and being interested in it all did i get a love for Roman history. But it pains me now, when i think about walking around i can remember these buildings, but i didnt truly realize what i was looking at.
FWG shoutout
I’m jealous, in America our natives built from wood and earth so we have few sites to visit :/
@@AT-wj5sw
You can't be serious, huh? This makes me angry! A pity you even left a bunch of em live and didn't wipe those knuckle dragging good for nothing's out completely!
@@AT-wj5sw Mexico is FULL of stone structures. According to LIDAR, the Amazon is full of ruins that will probably never be excavated. All of these are in the Americas.
So painful how much was destroyed during the war.
@@josiahrandolphbaldwin8272 🤝
How much the Allies destroyed*
@@linajurgensen4698 are you defending the nazis for "conserving the past"? you do realize that they only conserved what they felt was useful for Goebel's propaganda machine and they did not really give a fuck about what the original artifacts were, don't you?
It's not a war crime when Americans do it.
@@linajurgensen4698 yeah, I wonder why they did that🤔
At 0:24 there is a little inaccuracy: The roman border (or limes) followed the Rhine only from its estuary to a point midway between the Roman forts of Remagen and Andernach. It then included the region of Rheingau, parts of southern Taunus, the Frankfurt region and so on. During the Flavian dynasty the limes shifted slightly northwards around Frankfurt; there is a Roman castra at Arnsburg. Between the castra of Grosskrotzenburg and the castra of Miltenberg the limes followed the river Main, went then in a relatively straight line southwards (with a little eastwards deviation) to the castra of Lorch, turned then roughly eastwards over the hills until it came to the river Danubia at the castra Abusina (Eining) near Regensburg, a celtic town named Radasbona conquered by the Romans, which build a first fort about AD 90 and the new Castra Regina around AD 170. From this point the limes followed the river Danubia. The map displayed at 0:24 shows the situation after the "Limesfall" in the mid 3rd century, as the Alemanni conquered the Roman province of Germania Superior (the region between the Upper German-Rhaetian Limes and the upper courses of Rhine and Danube), and the red line should even then stop at the point it meets with the border of the Roman province of Raetia (which was settled then by Romanized Celts). Sorry for my smartassery. ;) But the point is: You can find Roman architecture far in the east of the Rhine, too.
Thank you for saving me the need to mention it. As a born Bavarian, I grew up with Roman Germania being synonymous with the Limes up to the Danube. Yeah, there were supposedly other parts, but they were in Prussian lands so didn't count.
Great comment! Living in Regensburg I was waiting the whole time to mention the things built in and around my area.
Don’t forget Gunzenhausen/ Weissenburg.
It's amazing how modern looking some of those buildings are.
It shows that classical architecture never goes out of fashion, unlike its modernist counterpart.
Evolution of modern buildings
@@nqh4393 it's almost as if not everyone has the same taste isn't it?
@@gggggggggggggggggg161 shut it bozo
@@gggggggggggggggggg161
well yeah, but pretty much everyone. The style just has a very broad appeal, while some modern stuff only really resonates with dedicated eggheads
I took my son to Trier to see the Roman buildings and had a hell of a job getting him out of the Porta Nigra (Black Gate). He was in awe of walking were Romans used to walk.
Then you should definitely take him to Rome, he'd be amazed
die römer stadt in xanten ist auch sehr zu empfehlen einfach mal googeln da gibt es alles was das herz begehrt
@@ichdistanzieremichvomnatio8128 Wir leben in England und haben zur Zeit leider ein Ausreiseverbot und da mein Sohn Britisch ist, koennte er so viel ich weiss im moment in Deutschland nicht einreisen.
@@hanshartfiel6394 nagut dann wird das wohl nix
@@ichdistanzieremichvomnatio8128 ja,echt kacke
I love the seamless blend of German and Latin words/names the people of Trier and Mainz have bestowed upon these ruins. "Kaiserthermen." "Drususstein." They sound so cool and ancient.
A few German city names are basically deviations of their ancient Latin names:
Trier - Augusta Treverorum
Köln - Colonia Agrippina
Bonn - Bonna
Neuss - Novesia
Koblenz - Confluentes
Mainz - Moguntiacum
Regensburg - Castra Regina/Ratisbona
Augsburg - Augusta Vindelicorum
Kempten - Cambodunum
@@tacidian7573 Münster - Monasterium (monastery)
@@tacidian7573That is fascinating indeed. And are there any remnants of Roman buildings or any archeological sites or artifacts that have been found ?
I grew up in Cologne which also has alot of roman architecture leftovers. Most known there might be the mosaikfloor in the Roman German museum which is located next to the cathedral and build on the remains of a Roman villa. You can look at it from the outside of the museum through windows, it`s really beautiful and kind of impressive when you think about how old that piece of art is.
Too bad you didn´t show Trier Amphitheater. I love this city. I was stationed there with the French army in 1995.Great video
4:22 Trier actually had three public baths. The Kaiserthermen, Viehmarktthermen and Barbarathermen. The Barbarathermen being the second largest public baths of their period in the emire after the Traian baths in Rome.
Also I think the saint Pete’s cathedral deserves to be mentioned as being the oldest still standing Roman Catholic Church north of the alps dating back to roman times.
4:15 Btw, this is an attempted reconstruction of the other, less preserved bath complex (The Barbara Baths).
you should make a video about Xanten.....it is quite unique....
I've been to Trier and Constantine's Palace is a GRAND building. Worth the trip.
Just a pity it had been converted into a protestant church. What a complete waste.
Also interesting are the surviving Carolingian buildings like the cathedral in Aachen as they give a sense of how late antiquity merged into that period and because so few survived we tend to think there was this jump from Roman to Romanesque architecture that was more a slow change.
Right- Just think of the octagon, the oldest part of Aachen-Cathedral, which has columns from colourful marble that came from ruins in Italy. Those early medieval German craftsmen would have been unable to make. But the bronze rails are from Charlemagne's time and made by local craftsmen.
Oh man Aachen...i lived there for 6 years. Such an awful place. If the emperor would know what became of the place, he would turn in his grave...
Indeed, I was dumbfounded when visiting the (ruins of the) imperial palace in Ingelheim. I was always taught at school that the Carolingian kings/emperors lived in tents or huts...
@@pierrefranckx6363 Well, they did a lot while travelling from one of their "Pfalzen" ( imperial castles) to the next one.
@@a.g.4843 What d you mean? Would he object the sewer system and electric light?
This deserves a hell of a lot more views than it’s had so far.
Interesting video. I am from Trier and I can only suggest to people to visit it someday, not only because of the roman buildings but the wine and the hilly landscape. In my opinion definetly one of the most beautiful cities in germany :D
You can recognize which parts of the German world were under Roman rule by the presence of Wine culture there even today lol
@@sephikong8323 That is actually very true. Obviously that is not always the case , however most often. Pretty much the whole Mosel region is dedicaded to wine (mostly White vine ) and another drink Called "Viez" which is simular to cider in some ways. It is tasty and cheap and definitly worth a try if you come to Trier one Day. Have a great weekend :)
@@noobschrauber4293 Viez now officially is a german cultural heritage
In 1985 I was visiting my sister in West Germany and we visited Trier. I was in the Black Gate with my hand on the wall ane thought this has been here 1800 years longer than my country even existed. That's why Americans think something 100 years old is old. We have no age.
I imagine the buildings were not finished with a brick exterior... the marble was probably looted.
Yeah, later generations used the buildings to gain building material for their own building projects.
@@LibsZoggt yep. Rome was used as an open marble quarry for Europe for about a millennium. Which is why there are so few great buildings from the city surviving- most of which were still around by the time of the Renaissance. Any European church with a marble structure/facade or decoration is decorated or constructed from Rome itself.
I recall when I studied Roman architecture I was taught the buildings are really of concrete, and the brick is an ornamental cover.
actually, no marble on the outside in Germania, cause marble does not withstand freezing. a usual winter will get any marble to crumble within a year
Unlikely that they were ever covered in marble. None would have been conveniently available in this region of the empire.
Some amazing structures set in a beautiful part of Germany, with an informed narration giving additional weight to these impressive survivors of antiquity.
Yeah Western Germany is awesome.
We have the oldest german cities here.
I would like to see the still standing Roman monuments of Europe by country.
That would be fun!
In Germany only a few buildings have survived, but in Mediterranean countries there will be so many it will be overwhelming to choose which ones to show. Perhaps it would be more rewarding to show still standing Pre-Roman buildings which are really scarce.
Before the cancel culture destroys them all.
@@alejandrosotomartin9720 Lol you are delusional.
@Pan Aaronowski Haha. There’s so such thing as ‘wokeness’. The billionaires who dominate the media have got you all hot under the collar about a nonexistent threat to distract you from the fact that billionaires shouldn’t exist.
I just found your channel and am binge-watching. You present fascinating facts and minimal editorial commentary. And your voice is so relaxing - exactly what I need right now :)
Europe is full of ancient buildings with still-decent walls and no roof. I often think that someone should restore them. I know that some archaeologists would frown on this, but if it's possible to restore a badly damaged ancient picture with materials that allow the new to be differentiated from the original, then it should be possible to do this with structures. In a number of places, increased tourist visits might even cover the cost of the work.
here in italy all acient buliding and archeological site are state proprety (except church et similar are vatican proprety). to restore somting you need to spend a lots of money and italy cut always the budget for the culture.
Germany does an EXCELLENT job of this type of work you mention. You obviously have never been in Europe, or Germany.
As an aside...increased tourist visits almost NEVER pay for this type of renovation/restoration work. You really don't know much of what you talk about. American? It is pretty obvious.
@@nyaswed1520 Hi Nya, you may well be right about tourists not paying enough for any restoration work. . I'm actually Scots and I still occasionally travel past places like Linlithgow Palace or Falkland Palace and think that it wouldn't take so much to renovate tham. Lottery money seems to go to some rather strange beneficiaries now and then, so perhaps that's an alternative.
@@nyaswed1520 "he doesnt know something I know therefore he must be American". Said the "well educated" European.
I'm from the nearby village of Grevenmacher and I so much appreciate this brilliant video. May I add that some 40km to the south of Trier, along the Mousel River is the village of Mondorf les Bains. Here, a natural spring hot water bath discovered and developed by the Romans is, to this day, still operational. It is Luxembourg's premier resort town.
Well done. I was stationed near Trier in the 1980s. I miss it so.
It's been many years, however, I recall visiting Trier and marvelling at the Pagan images revealed beneath the ceiling plaster in a Christian Church. I believe it was the second structure shown in this video. In any event, amazing beauty and history in this excellent work. Vielen Dank!
It is so sad and yet huge.
All of what they believed and lived for, which allowed these great works to come into existence, is long gone, the memory lost.
And still we can touch it with our hands and gaze with our eyes, at least in part. A distant yet seemingly timeless past.
Sometimes, History feels like a cross between a dream and a nightmare while awake.
Edit: intense and beautiful video, much appreciated.
Rome continues in so many ways in our modern society, I cant even list everything. So, maybe they would be happy to see how our civilisation has evolved.
A fitting roman saying on tombstones was:
"Eram quod es, eris quod sum."
("I was what you are, you'll be what I am.")
I like this saying a lot, it shows how nothing will sustain for ever.
@@Gentleman...Driver That Rome's legacy lives through our societies is indeed true as Rome gave them birth, although involuntarily.
I knew that Roman saying but I deeply despise it instead and tell you why:
It is still used, from time to time, among Italian families (I am Italian, Roman by chance) but it is used for a purpose I hate. Old people repeat this quote to their sons or to younger generations in order to make them feel useless, to break their will to change things, to tell them "you won't be better than I am, don't get angry if the world you live in looks bad, I know how you feel but it's just a momentary whim". Don't get angry over corruption, don't get angry if nobody respects any law, if killers are left free, if what matters is only the power held by certain families and their closest friends, don't get angry for all the Mafia going around from the Alps to the southernmost islands.. you will be part of this too, you will be a lawless man too.
This is why those ancient Roman words taste like poison in my mouth. They fuel the virus to keep us low, slaves of a corrupted and corrupting system.
@@ilFrancotti If anything, those words are very wise. There was always corruption. Always criminality. Always injustice. This will never change. So, telling young people to not get angry at this, is probably the best advise ever. Live your life, dont get mad. Its not to make you small, its to make you feel better. ;)
Again, the ancient Rome is the best example for all those things I listed.
@@Gentleman...Driver Those are wise but it's not wise the purpose they are used for.
To tell younger generations to be lenient towards injustice is the recipe to let your society worsen.
And lose those generations, among the other things.
The fact that there has always been injustice or lawlessness it's not an excuse to stay put or to let any misbehaviour of such level run free.. consequences would be dire.
No community can gather around selfishness (of any individual) and apathy (towards the others).
@@ilFrancotti Not lenient, but to be more relaxed. They wont tell you not to fight, but simply to not get angry. Some things you cant change. You have to be resilient, tho if you want to fight. So, take it easy on yourself. Some things matter, some wont.
Very interesting! There are still remnants of Roman buildings in Regensburg. And of course the Limes and its watchtowers, parts of which you can still see in Hesse and Bavaria.
All along the rhine my friend. You just have to look
Hard enough
the longest part of limes in Germany was in Baden-Württemberg;-)
Just for reference, the Limes is the German name for the wall (or series of watchtowers) built by the Romans to mark the border of the Roman empire. Quite easy to follow in Hesse and Baden-Wurtemburg even today. Germany does a good job preserving it.
@@nyaswed1520 Germany thought for about thousend years thats it is the natural succesor if the Roman Empire. ("römisches Reich deutscher Nation") that is "Roman empire of German nation".
Excellent! Great commentary and put together very well. Thanks.
117 likes and no dislikes. Absolutely brilliant
Great video! Very concise and informative!
That was so very interesting and so well done - bravo!
Loving this channel. I always search for interesting historical and architectural channels, but it didn't show up until now on my youtube. I subscribed in 0.2 seconds.
Thanks for posting this!!
I didn't know there were structures in Germany built by the Romans. thanks for this video
There are even older structures in Germany, as we also have megalithic tombs from the Neolithic, like many European countries do.
There are entire german cities founded by the romans like cologne.
In Trier there is also a Roman amphitheater worth visiting. And the city has a good museum with lots of finds and models.
Great video. Very informative. Thank you.
LOVE these videos - thanks !!
All these ancient monuments are truly priceless. They are as much of a treasure as an ancient gold horde in my opinion.
Thank you for the video. I understand that in Trier is also an amplitheatre that is in really good condition. My son was an exchange student in NRW, saw it, and said it was still used as an outdoor theater.
There are more interesting places with lots of Roman history, artifacts and buildings up north in Germany, mainly Koblenz (which was the first Roman city in Germania), Cologne and Xanten.
One wonders how many similar structures were destroyed in WW2.
@@cassieo4337 MANY (almost all)
Also in Augsburg and Regensburg
This just reminds me that they had developed a lot of the basic technology needed to evolve into a modern industrial civilization. It's as if they stood at the door of modernization but never stepped through.
and then the middle ages came and bolted that door shut...
They didn't have all the right technology to "step through" nor do it at an efficient cost. Things like water-mills and wind mills for grinding grain, clocks, steel shoes for horses, collars for horses (enabled horses to use their maximum strength unlike earlier systems), using coke (not just charcoal) to make steel, stirrups (really important for charging in battle with swords and lances), pipes and taps, sails that enable one to sail to windward, glass (eg windows).......all developed during the so called boring and unprogressive middle ages. Then of course the industrial revolution brought us real modernisation - steam power, steel ships, railroads then an understanding of the germ theory of most diseases and how to stop their spread, then cars, planes, antibiotics, computers etc etc etc.
@@juelbriggs447 I was referring to industrial tools specifically. I went to an exhibition of artifacts from from Pompeii and as a retired Engineer I was impressed by their skill in metal work. For example there was a water valve that wouldn't look too far out-of-place in a Home Depot store. The precision of their bronze castings were equal to anything we can do now.
The Roman's had knowledge of screws and gears. They also used water wheels for pumping water that could be adapted for powering machines. If a modern engineer went back to Roman times he could build basic machine tools using only the technology available at the time.
There would be compromises. For example sleeve bearings would have to be used instead of ball bearings. If tools like lathes, milling machines, and grinding machines could be fabricated then the world would quickly transformed.
The antonine plague came by
Excellent video, thank you!
7:27
You should search Gallo-Roman tumuli, that were found around the northern fringes of the Roman Empire. Those are oftentimes still standing and should be considered monumental. Many of these are/were more than a dozen meters high. They were constructed close to adjacent villae (villas) and belonged to the inhabitants of these villae. There were stone or wooden burial chambers inside the tumuli containing human remains, ceramics, food remains, metal objects, jewellery, (sacrificed?) animals and other stuff depending on the tumuli. They were often surrounded by a circular (stone) wall around the mound, and a quadringular demarcation further around the circular mound. Sometimes there was also a gravestone/burial stone/stone spike on or aside of the tumulus.
Grats on 100k subs! Keep up the good work!
Great little film, thank you - yet more reasons why I want to go back to German on holiday! Subscribed.
Superb video thank you!
Nicely done.
In 1986, I was an exchange student in Trier. Went to FWG. My biology class looked out at the Kaiserthermen. Amazing place. Planning a trip back to Germany after the pandemic and Trier, not a re-unified Berlin, is my first stop. Can't wait to see it again.
very good choice not to go to Berlin;-)
Yep, stay away from Berlin. Köln, Aachen, Trier sure.... but Berlin ? :-)
@@ottovonbismarck2443 Sorry ... haha ... no disrespect to the capital. Fantastic city back in the divided 1980's. I just feel "homesick" for my little corner of RP.
I know the feeling! My family moved to Trier for a year in the early 90s, when I was in high school. I went to AVG, just off the Dom and Simeonstrasse. It probably wasn’t that different than it was in 86, aside from reunification and the tensions from it. Best year of my life. I dearly wish I could see it again, but my health sadly means I’ll likely never go.
@@robertcrafton7187 No no he is serious. Berlin sucks, I’m German and trust me it is not really worth a trip. Graffiti everywhere a lot of crime and dirty streets. I would recommend Dresden or Leipzig when you want to visit the old east but definitely not Berlin.
Also a somewhat well preserved structure is the castrum of Regensburg. Houses are build on he Roman walls and you still can see the typical outline of the castrum on a street map.
Very nice video. I enjoyed the content.
Thanks for interesting information! Me as a finn would have hardly came across with this information without this video!
Great video, keep it up man
Excellent. Please make more videos like this about Germany.
Love your channel dude, you talk about literally everything that interests me with awesome photos and articulate commentary. Thanks a lot!
It's amazing that these monuments are so well preserved so far from the core territories of the empire. It speaks both for the empire's far reaching influence and the mastery of their builders.
Wow, very edifying. Cheers!
Champing at the bit to return to Germany, and especially the Mosel valley. This just adds fuel to the fire.
great video!
please more videos!!! i love ur videos!!!!!
Trier and the surrounding area is an underrated tourist area.
Beautiful and much to see
Very fascinating video
Trier was my first time in Germany 🇩🇪, was age 20. Been going back to Germany ever since. I just love the country and the people. Oh, I'm 65 now.
Dankeschön
@@kayvan671 Thank you too, my friend. I love all of Germany 🇩🇪 but Bavaria and Munich are special to me. Oh, my football teams are Bayern Munchen and Die Mannschaft. Follow both religiously.
@@stephenord3403
Well I'm not from Bavaria.
But I can understand your fascination with southern Germany.
It's truly beautiful down there compared to us in north-west Germany.
Very interesting and I have seen all of your examples. Trier is certainly recommendable as a visit. With a Roman Theatre not mentioned by you as an extra.
Very informative!
Da du einen deutschen Namen hast, solltest du wissen, das alles erstunken und erlogen ist, was in diesem Video gesagt wird!
very interesting video, thank you 👍👍👏👏
Nice editing 👌 viel spass
Excellent. Enjoyable and educational.
Excellent video
Yes finally I see familiar stuff on UA-cam...
That’s awesome have heard most of it before being from Trier but sure i watch it again... 😅
This channel deserves much more subscribers and likes! Totally underrated channel!
Wow! Very interesting monuments! Sehr schön
Excellent documentary
Was at Trier a few years back and visited these places. Highly recommended. The tunnel complex underneath the bath is vast, with wide and very high paths. There's also an amphitheater in the hills above Trier.
Oh, and on the square by Porta Nigra there's a restaurant that has some "Ancient Roman dishes." Unsure of how authentic they were, but it was fun nonetheless.
Romans did not put tomatoes on pizza
About a decade ago I spent a couple of weeks visiting Roman sites in Germany. It was fascinating. Trier is fantastic for sure. The history museum there is amazing. I thought Xanten was great but didn't really have enough time to see it all. And of course there is a good amount of Roman stuff in Cologne was well. And the recreated Roman fort at Saalburg near Frankfurt was quite evocative
Danke schön , spitze
Bin in Trier aufgewachsen. Eine wunderschöne Stadt. Einen Besuch wert.
This is a very good channel. But I'm sick and tired of youtube deleting comments.
A bridge & a church still in use? Amazing.
Interesting video!
sooooo good, I love this
Not sure if it’s allowed any more, but a local was able to take me inside the city gate at Trier. The walls have some beautiful engraved portraits. The entire town is amazing, absolutely worth a day trip if you’re nearby.
cool video. makes me want to travel
I was stationed 40km from Trier and loved visiting there. Coming down from the mountain toward TRIER HAD A COMMANDING VIEW OF THE TOWN AND THE MOSELLE RIVER. One church close to the river had one of the most beautiful Baroque interiors and I was fortunate to play the pipe organ inside the church as well as a small tracker organ at a catholic priests living quarters. The baroque staircase balustrade at the Palace of the Elector, is one of the most beautiful I have ever seen!!! I also saw the piece of cloth purported to be from the robe of christ, in the large church there.
Roma il più grandioso e glorioso Impero della storia; Roma ha conquistato, dominato, costruito e civilizzato; la grandezza, la potenza, la magnificenza e la gloria di ROMA EST AETERNA, ROMA INVICTA ET LUX MUNDI 💪💪💯
Where i live (at the rhine near koblenz) you can see many museums and my grandma even found a spear tip
The Drususstein looks like the Schwerbelastungskörper in Berlin (something the Nazis build to find out how much weight the ground could support)
Amazing! I would love to go to Germany to see it's Roman remains as I love anything Roman there are some truly wonderful survivor's there, being from the UK we have a lot of ruins but wonderful mosaics.
Then you might visit Xanten, Cologne and Ahrweiler as well, there are several remains and Cologne has the Römisch-Germanisches Museum (guided tour recommended) close to the cathedral. Unfortunately, I don't know in which state the villa rustica in Ahrweiler is, they had severe floodings last year in that region.
Nice video. But there is actually a lot more to find also in the Cologne area. There i would at least mention the roman citywall tower still standing. And there are parts of the Aqueduct still around too.
They still use the pylons of the bridge as bridge pylons, that are 1,700 years old.
I did not know any of that, Thanks :)
Great video! Many people should know about this 💔
Great vide
Finally, a monarchy channel that is right up my alley!
hi. just stumbled upon your videos about roman history.
It seems, doesn't matter how rich, powerful and creative a civilization is,sooner or later everything just crumbles into dust, and later people wonder what happened to these people. So sad
Buildings crumble but rome's legacy is still influencing the world to this day and will continue to do so for a long time.
There are serval towers of Cologne town wall still there. de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Römerturm_(Köln) (sorry only a German Wiki page). And all over the Eifel are parts of the Aquaducts that brought the water to Cologne.
Have you visited Trier? Because I was there, beautiful historic city by the way, and I saw you used a lot of footage from you can take in Trier.
about the last building: The Drusus-Column in Mainz, Germany: It is going to be partially restored. The Design features a square base, like in the last sketch from the 1980.
Considerable parts of the Roman walls are still standing in Boppard and some sections of the Roman wall have also survived in Cologne.
I enjoyed this as it was most interesting as educational!🇩🇪👌❤️👍❗
Molto interessante...spero un giorno di poter visitare questi spendidi luoghi..salutI da Roma!😉