Isaac, you mentioned how many content creators folded because of these dark times. I tell you now I began donating BECAUSE of the dark times. The SFIA team’s work brings me hope, and more than ever I want to help cultivate and share that hope.
I remember a something my Physics professor said back in collage: "There are 4 fundamental forces: Gravity, Electromagnetism, and the weak & strong nuclear forces. Of these the one we know the least about is gravity..."
at least you didn't go to 'collage' as an English major. Although I'd still be surprised if it was engineering. We're typically perfectionists to an exorbitant degree haha
@@plsdontbanmeagainyoulibtards Physics, actually. You'll have to forgive any spelling & context errors. I've been sick with a sinus infection for the past few days and typed my original post shortly after taking some medicine and at the time really could not care if I made mistakes.
Nowadays we aren’t even sure if gravity even _is_ a fundamental force No seriously, there is actual debate about this, thats how little we know about gravity
"Then next week we'll be looking at orbital bombardment" Space lazer: Blows up Florida in vid Florida man: Stands in hurricane force winds with an American flag yelling
@@isaacarthurSFIA Isaac, Thanks for the episode. I have come up with another model that does away with, or maybe explains dark matter. It proposes that gravity is caused by the mass in alternate universes faintly attracting mass in this universe, via the strong and weak atomic forces effecting mass in this universe. Yes, *it can be tested.* How does my model explain gravity that reaches far into space? Well, the other masses like planets, etc are mostly all disintegrating in those other universes because of their varying fundamental constants, and-or the *vacuum decay* of those universes. So, the *gradient of particles* expanding in the other universes would explain the gravity "field" we see. Light could bend around masses because it's actually refracting through the hidden, expanding mass. But to match observations, the masses in basically ALL the other multiplying universes may have to be exploding and flying apart. It could be tested by setting up a large, movable mass that would be moved if a random number generator picked a certain number out of a large set, and see if there is a delay, or anomaly in the change of the faint gravity field where the large mass *used to be* (since in other universes, the mass may not have been moved). I cannot run the calcs to figure out if they match observations, but I invite others to do so, if they would like to.
@@isaacarthurSFIA You mentioned a lot about math, have you thought about Quantum Computers solving big algorithms? Be mind blown there. Also go to my other channel through my channel's "About" tab, find a link to my other channel's "created playlists", find a playlist about "Searching for Dark Matter and Dark Energy with Quantum Computers", also watch all the other playlists under the created playlists, starting with the bottom playlists.
I think it's entirely possible there is no huge amount of hidden matter but rather a huge amount wrong with our calculations due to physical forces we haven't yet grasped and therefore haven't yet mapped out mathematically. "Dark Matter" as a proxy appellation for our inability to resolve what we observe with what our models say we should observe is, possibly, leading the witness a bit. Hope we discover something more concrete in my lifetime (next 30 years) that solidifies things more.
Science moves forwards by falsifying itself. Theories are the models we have that have yet to be falsified in the areas they claim to represent, but all will eventually be superceded. Plus, a lot of the models we have superceded in physics, like Newtonian mechanics, are still very useful in the regions they apply to, even if some like the luminiferous æther have been put to rest. The funny part will be if anyone desperately clings to the idea after something more parsimonious takes its place, not that anyone ever believed it at all, to the extent that one can believe in a hypothesis that is explicit about its uncertainties. The people who will be the target of either mockery or hatred in the future will be the ones who deny climate change, suppress science, or insist on misuse of resources through wasteful things like the military industrial complex. In the far future, the idea of a human person not having access to food, shelter and healthcare will be laughably barbaric and cruel. It will come across as a ridiculous caricature of evil, the Saturday morning cartoon villain of mistreatment. Dark matter will fall by the wayside as we gradually chip away from it. The damage caused by climate change and overuse of resources, and the human legacy, will be far more permanent in the cultural canon
After spending a good portion of the last few years binging all of your videos, trying and trying to catch up, I'm finally all caught up and watching a new episode on the day it comes out.
Another fantastic video. This is seriously the best channel on UA-cam. I’ve been interested in aliens and the Fermi paradox since I was a kid, and When I discovered Isaac it’s like I struck gold. As a science communicator you’ve enlightened me far more than any other individual in the field. Thank you so much once I get a new job I will give back to you.
By 18:00 it seemed like you're describing Mass Effect. In-universe most of their advanced tech is based on element zero, which manipulates dark energy to create gravitational fields. They use it for everything, FTL, biotics, gravity plating, shields
'alright', after what GrayStillPlays put him through in the sims 4 vids, orbital bombardment is just a crock on the barbeque to Florida Man, hell, Australian Man is probably yelling for "more marinade", lol. "play game damit", lol.
Legendary, so I can comment, like and give Isaac glorious watch time. And I get to have my weekly optimism. Or the amusing doom that's rare outside old scifi anthologies, and a few attempts recently.
As an avid fan of the Stellaris mod Ancient Cache of Technologies I salute this video and hope you will make an episode about how we can harness the souls of stars themselves as an extremely potent source of power and incredible technology!
First we master Tachyon Sensors, to finally grasp Dark Matter Drawing. Then we need very good scientists with specialization in Particles, Materials and Military to learn how to Generate, Contain and Apply Dark Matter and then, finally we can attain the Dark Matter Reactor. Suffused with a new way to power our society, Superior Constructs are erected, with Void Palace being the mark of Dark Matter Governance!
i think ill have to re-watch this one several times before i understand what were talking about here. nonetheless thanks for the awesome videos mr.Arthur!
I love this episode. It reveals to me the vastness of our ignorance, and the potential to learn. I want to write a sci/fantasy. I’ll probably bastardize dark matter much the same way as Quantum Mechanics. Good stuff.
"Stay safe" 🤦 #plandemic 1) Why would nations ACTUALLY trying to END this EVENT take an entire YEAR to solve it, if it's such a bad thing? 2) Why would they repeatedly INVENT new variants and broadcast their danger on TV, rarely discussing the vaccine (the ONLY solution) & thereby prolonging the issue? 3) Why does this problem disproportionately affect people in need, lead to the mass closure of small businesses specifically, restrict the economy such that 1000s are unemployed, make people afraid of each other, and FORCE children (who are also at RISK) out of school for MONTHS? #thisisaMASSIVEdistractionthatpreventspublicmobilizationagainstthesystematicdestructionofhumankind #climatecrisis Prove me wrong... Otherwise, I'm RIGHT [UA-cam has a bot or paid TROLLS that DELETE factual comments]
Proud Patreon supporter since 2017. Not only is this channel excellent educationally, but it brings hope for the future. Great work Isaac and team. Big fan.
I'm one of those content creators who folded. Teeny channel, but still :) Will maybe get back into it this year. Great video as always Isaac, keep it up. Lots of love from South Africa.
Big fan of SFIA. Once again, Isaac, you've done your homework and presented the conclusions logically and impartially so that I can pause the video and look stuff up. Didn't know about the Bullet cluster or how modified newtonian dynamics could in practice work. If brute force amounts of coffee in my SFIA mug aren't working then I'm not drinking enough...
I remember once hearing a theory about Dark Matter being the gravitational "shadow" of another universe, so maybe if you were able to detect it directly, you could theoretically map another universe or dimension. Taken to the far extremes, perhaps you could find places where the boundary between universes was weakest and then find a way to break between them.
They have looked for this sort of effect under classical GR conditions but there the bleed through should have the effect of slowing down gravitational waves giving gravitons an effective mass as these perturbations can only travel at the speed of causality. However I think it is still possible if the dimensions separating us from these shadow universes are quantum mechanical in nature. In particular I wonder if all or some of the "dark matter" is really the combined leaking gravity from the "many worlds" view of quantum mechanics. In this case the halos of dark matter would be like the quantum mechanical cloud of the electron around an atom all the other possible states of that region of spacetime propagating through from their own entanglement cones. I got this idea from the formalism of Wolframs multi-wave hypergraph model for fundamental physics based around computation as it adds another type of dimensions based around all possible unique states. Since in that model every "world" overlaps in Einsteinian spacetime only separated in branchial distance where the speed of entanglement has units of power and is much larger than the speed of causality thus it shouldn't be subject to the slowdown that doomed the old shadow universe hypothesis as the new variants would be able to travel faster and catch up with conventional gravity rather than dragging the waves down. Note that these branchial worlds are able to collide in this model with those collisions representing two or more worlds converging onto the same state which has the trippy effect of making the past a quantum superposition of all indistinguishable past histories. Pretty trippy.
In the parallel realities episode, it's mentioned that the weakness of gravity may be due to gravity's strength being stretched across multiple dimensions. Is it plausible that dark matter might just be the gravitational effect of mass from other dimensions interacting through a force of gravity that transcends dimensional barriers? Mostly a thought I had for a science fiction setting, but I thought it might be amusing to discuss.
I think "dark matter" technologies will have more to do with making existing technologies far more "direct" in their path to our goals. I believe dark matter to be more of a property to our universe that permeates everything already... harnessing it for direct things would be silly, like making light shades around the Earth, it would take more energy and resources to produce than benefits of return for the investment.
Great content, as usual. I have been inclined to be sceptical of dark matter as a "god of the gaps" type explanation. The first part of this video has really made me reconsider. The only problem I have with this video is the picture skipping, which has been happening intermittently on your channel for a while now. I like being able to watch the relaxing visuals as I listen, and the picture jerking around disturbs that.
I frequently listen to your videos with full comprehension and like to think of myself as fairly intelligent. Then you discuss the different characteristics of elementary particles and I realize you've been dumbing it down for me.😎
@@johnandrews1334 Not my day name, Issac Arthursday was already an "in group" meme when I discovered his content. (back when the "fermi pardox" list was the current channel focus)
Recently I read some articles on the postulation of Dark Photons and Photon decay. Since energy can not be destroyed ( A Big if - but most of our understanding of physics rests on this idea) Can we then suggest that when energy has been discharged below the observable range, can we postulate that Dark Matter might be related to this range level of energy way below radio waves (below ELF). Hence not seeable or detectible, due to our level of tech. Might even join the gravitational waves in space.
slightly off topic but i finally signed up for curiosity stream and i have to say - i'm overwhelmed. my watchlist has something like 20+ titles in it that i'm gonna have to somehow get around to watching. i felt giddy like a child on christmas morning when i initially started browsing! there's so much to choose from, with a content database that _far_ eclipses anything provided by traditional streaming platforms like netflix or even prime. thank you for the recommendation!
The overly simple answer is that they are very, very tiny and have a neutral electric charge. That means they mostly interact through the Weak Force, which is an extremely short-range force.
12:42 Could the mass of a photon be the reflection of the energy needed to start up and keep the E/M oscillations going with more not extending so far?
So potentially, we can take a spoon of neutronium surround it with large amount of Dark Matter, and it won't disintegrate and yet we could have access to the neutronium cuz Dark Matter is not standing in the way....we can use it for gravitational field.
Stellar fusion produces neutrinos. So, if you had a "neutrino sail," more neutrinos would be hitting it from Sunward than from other directions. You might end up "in irons" if you were in deep space with no significant neutrino source (star, artificial neutron beam, etc.) closer than others, but in that case you would probably fold up or "turn off" you sail in some way and coast until you were within range of your destination star, then re-deploy the sail to slow down. Presumably you would have achieved relativistic velocity on some level by catching neutrinos from your star of origin or a neutrino beam.
@@kevincrady2831 Do Neutrinos decay with age? Although it's different, I'm thinking of the old question about why is the night sky dark if the universe is infinite we should be seeing the surface of a star in every direction.
@@ProperLogicalDebate I don't know if neutrinos decay, I'd have to look that up. As for Olber's Paradox, the fact that the Universe is expanding (especially given that the expansion is accelerating) means that stars more than a certain distance from us are permanently invisible to us because their light can't ever reach us. When Olber's Paradox was initially proposed, the idea of an expanding Universe (much less the evidence for it) was not known.
Correct me if I'm wrong, but if all matter with mass generated a particle, gravitons, which also had some amount of mass, wouldn't the graviton itself produce more gravitons since it has its own mass? Or is that not quite how it works?
Since dark matter must have mass and take up space because it is matter is there a way we could measure the drag of space to see how much different the numbers are from a complete vacuum?
Well that would be hard to achieve experimentally because we are inside a galaxy, a thing that we presume is mostly dark matter, I would imagine we would need to go to extragalactic space to try and measure such a thing as the drag in space, which is currently beyond our abilities
At the end of this episode you mentioned that if dark matter is crunched down dimensions, it could be used to store time. What the heck is that supposed to mean? My brain explodes just thinking about it. Can anyone explain it to me please?
Time passes relatively to ones motion through space. If you can control the warping of space time you could concibeably create bubbles of time. A slow time bubble would give you somewhere to exist say with a star still burning long after the universe has fallen to heat death. If it could do more.... Well I recomend the 1991 Novel Timeships by Stephen Baxter. A sequel to The Time Machine. They answer some big questions. What could a intelligence do that is functionally immortal and knows time travel exists. Knows the universe is dying of entropy. That intelligence would be well motivated to find a way to escape such a universe. Well perhaps this is how they will.
I saw a video the other day talking about how dark matter might not exist at all, and that the influences of dark matter might just be the influence of nearby galaxies and the rest of the universe. I THINK DrBecky did a video on it.
Indeed! The observation that convinced me that 'dark matter' isn't some kind of modern epicycle is that the apparent missing mass varies from galaxy to galaxy and therefore can't be an artefact of our misunderstanding of gravity... ...Dark energy is even more abundant but seems evenly spread and a property of space itself. That I find even more disturbing than dark matter as I tend to regard 'inexplicable untidiness' as the result of misunderstanding of reality rather than reality itself. In spite of my biases I expect dark energy will prove to be incontrovertibly real too, I just wish we could hurry up and discover what they both are. My worry is the 'darkness' of the former may be evidence that whatever it is may be too exotic for us to understand in any meaningful way. I suspect that while we currently know even less about the latter we may crack that sooner via refinement of current understanding or a new paradigm.
Several relatively recent experiments have basically ruled out WIMPs as a possible DM candidate. The LHC has ruled out most sparticles as candidates. LIGO has ruled out most MACHO candidates and all alternative gravity models. So physicists are basically back at square one for DM.
This question isn't relevant to this video, but I wanted to ask it because it has been on my mind for awhile. Is the "spacetime" the same thing as the mathematical 4th dimension? We often say that time is the fourth dimension, but I am wondering if it means that time is like the fourth geometrical axis, or it's something different than a geometrical axis and something that's used to represent it graphically even though time has no geometrical feature. If they differ, can you tell me in what way it differs so that I can understand?
From what I know, the best theories for dark energy to me would be the GEODE or "Generic Object of Dark Energy". It's basically the idea that along side black holes are GEODEs which look and act similar to black holes however are comprised of dark energy and therefore grow as the universe gets older as connected to the red shift of the photon. It could also explain why the collisions between black holes observed are really off of expectations being sizes that should be really uncommon as for the smaller stellar mass ones have barely been observed. As for dark matter, still banking on the axion. It's a particle that basically has to exist to solve quantum chromodynamics and it so far has had the most tests back it up. Recent studies of neutron stars show the increase in gamma rays expected if the axion exists and there were a couple of tests that showed minuet signs of detecting it (though those could be noise from false positives).
Does E=MC^2 apply to dark matter, or only to baryonic matter? The reason I ask is because dark matter does not seem to have energy in a form or quantity we can directly detect - as if it is the end result of matter via the 2nd law of thermodynamics. Entropy is a thing after all.
hmmm, orbital bombardmen, dark matter, and dark energy, this sounds like one hell of a combination to shift-delete a planet completely from spacetime, especially if you can get that dark matter and dark energy to 'mingle' and have "a little party" at the bottom of the planet's gravity well, maybe. with the planet puled in by the dark matter as the dark energy sends the planet's matter to the far ends of reality, I have no idea what that would look like and I'm not sure I want to find out, lol. playing cosmic pinbal with space rocks lobbed at relativistic speeds sounds like more fun, lol. Great vid Isaac and crew. B)
Isaac, as far as I understand, the existence of both dark matter and dark energy is theorized based on calculations of the speed of celestial objects. Since one of the components of speed is time and time is less immutable than we though, could it be that we miscalculated? Examples of time being weird: the time dilation next to a large mass and the measurable time difference for an object slingshotting with or against the rotation of a planet.
Has anyone ever taken a suggested video tour of this channel? I bet you could watch for weeks on end skipping further and further back in the channels history. I tried this once with pbs space-time, but got bored.
Isaac, you mentioned how many content creators folded because of these dark times. I tell you now I began donating BECAUSE of the dark times. The SFIA team’s work brings me hope, and more than ever I want to help cultivate and share that hope.
I heartily agree, this channel is part of my mental health routine.
What dark times? I missed that
WIMPy times = dark times 😏
I love these videos to fall asleep easier. They really do help.
dark times brought about by our governments totalitarian tendancies
I remember a something my Physics professor said back in collage: "There are 4 fundamental forces: Gravity, Electromagnetism, and the weak & strong nuclear forces. Of these the one we know the least about is gravity..."
The weakest yet the most pervasive. Sounds like a riddle to start with.
But we discovered it first!
at least you didn't go to 'collage' as an English major. Although I'd still be surprised if it was engineering. We're typically perfectionists to an exorbitant degree haha
@@plsdontbanmeagainyoulibtards Physics, actually. You'll have to forgive any spelling & context errors. I've been sick with a sinus infection for the past few days and typed my original post shortly after taking some medicine and at the time really could not care if I made mistakes.
Nowadays we aren’t even sure if gravity even _is_ a fundamental force
No seriously, there is actual debate about this, thats how little we know about gravity
"Store time?" Store. Time? I thought I can follow most of these discussions, but this one blows my mind.
Like in a bottle?
@@ocko8011 The first thing that I'd like to do....
flimflam is always hard to follow. Dark matter and dark energy are flimflam.
T I M E M A C H I N E
@@JonathanSchattke Well, I just visited your facebook page and I fail to see why someone like you is even here, and not on Parler...
For a channel run by a techno-optimist, this episode is pretty... *dark.*
That is a great pun.
I don't what's the matter
Leave.
@@aliensasquatch7485 Instead of telling people what to do, take matters in your own hands
@@gcjas1998 also leave
all I can think of with the phrase "dark matter technologies" is Leela in futurama shoveling Nibbler's litter box into the engine.
Same
Yup. Nibbler. The only logical explanation
"Then next week we'll be looking at orbital bombardment"
Space lazer: Blows up Florida in vid
Florida man: Stands in hurricane force winds with an American flag yelling
I've got a photo of just that from last year's hurricane season.
"A lightyear of Led" sounds like my record collection.
You have a record collection...I’m jealous and hate you a little 😢
You mean it's not ROHS compliant?
A lightyear of lead is a strange thing to imagine
Of course since any mass that long even if one atom thick is going to gravitationally collapse into a black hole and or neutron star
@@Dragrath1 You sure? Isn't the Birch planet supposed to be a lightyear?
Woooooo Hooooooo....great way to start the day. Thanks Isaac.
Your welcome, have a great day :)
@@isaacarthurSFIA no, u! lol. Thanks Isaac.
@@isaacarthurSFIA Isaac, Thanks for the episode.
I have come up with another model that does away with, or maybe explains dark matter. It proposes that gravity is caused by the mass in alternate universes faintly attracting mass in this universe, via the strong and weak atomic forces effecting mass in this universe. Yes, *it can be tested.*
How does my model explain gravity that reaches far into space? Well, the other masses like planets, etc are mostly all disintegrating in those other universes because of their varying fundamental constants, and-or the *vacuum decay* of those universes. So, the *gradient of particles* expanding in the other universes would explain the gravity "field" we see. Light could bend around masses because it's actually refracting through the hidden, expanding mass. But to match observations, the masses in basically ALL the other multiplying universes may have to be exploding and flying apart.
It could be tested by setting up a large, movable mass that would be moved if a random number generator picked a certain number out of a large set, and see if there is a delay, or anomaly in the change of the faint gravity field where the large mass *used to be* (since in other universes, the mass may not have been moved).
I cannot run the calcs to figure out if they match observations, but I invite others to do so, if they would like to.
@@FLPhotoCatcher Haha...I'm listening to "Earth 2.0" playlist right now.
@@isaacarthurSFIA You mentioned a lot about math, have you thought about Quantum Computers solving big algorithms? Be mind blown there. Also go to my other channel through my channel's "About" tab, find a link to my other channel's "created playlists", find a playlist about "Searching for Dark Matter and Dark Energy with Quantum Computers", also watch all the other playlists under the created playlists, starting with the bottom playlists.
I shall now devote the rest of my life toward discovering and patenting a way to turn dark matter into gold pressed latinum!
Quark?
That would crash the ferengi economy...
I claim the documentary and movie rights
:-) I wonder how many will understand the reference?
@@b-man2961 In this crowd, many.
*Nervous Fallen Empire Noises*
Underrated comment
*Nervous unbidden noises*
What if you wanted to colonise a Gaia world but Fallen empire said: "No"
@@nathangriffiths2851 Uhh, Focused Arc Emitter go brr?
@@nathangriffiths2851 shotgun wedding
I think it's entirely possible there is no huge amount of hidden matter but rather a huge amount wrong with our calculations due to physical forces we haven't yet grasped and therefore haven't yet mapped out mathematically. "Dark Matter" as a proxy appellation for our inability to resolve what we observe with what our models say we should observe is, possibly, leading the witness a bit.
Hope we discover something more concrete in my lifetime (next 30 years) that solidifies things more.
There’s galaxies without dark matter.
I'm no astrophysicist but something tells me in the far future people will laugh at how wrong we were about "Dark Matter". We're missing the picture.
Uh... people are laughing right now.
@@thetruth45678 the most thoughtful comments always start with "uh..."
@@jasonl.5097 Oh? We have a scholar. Please, elucidate the unwashed masses, oh guru.
Science moves forwards by falsifying itself. Theories are the models we have that have yet to be falsified in the areas they claim to represent, but all will eventually be superceded. Plus, a lot of the models we have superceded in physics, like Newtonian mechanics, are still very useful in the regions they apply to, even if some like the luminiferous æther have been put to rest. The funny part will be if anyone desperately clings to the idea after something more parsimonious takes its place, not that anyone ever believed it at all, to the extent that one can believe in a hypothesis that is explicit about its uncertainties.
The people who will be the target of either mockery or hatred in the future will be the ones who deny climate change, suppress science, or insist on misuse of resources through wasteful things like the military industrial complex. In the far future, the idea of a human person not having access to food, shelter and healthcare will be laughably barbaric and cruel. It will come across as a ridiculous caricature of evil, the Saturday morning cartoon villain of mistreatment.
Dark matter will fall by the wayside as we gradually chip away from it. The damage caused by climate change and overuse of resources, and the human legacy, will be far more permanent in the cultural canon
@@jasonl.5097 Wow! Such enlighten. Much wise!
After spending a good portion of the last few years binging all of your videos, trying and trying to catch up, I'm finally all caught up and watching a new episode on the day it comes out.
“Great! Now I can make breakfast.”
-Cody’s lab...probably
Lol
Another fantastic video. This is seriously the best channel on UA-cam. I’ve been interested in aliens and the Fermi paradox since I was a kid, and When I discovered Isaac it’s like I struck gold. As a science communicator you’ve enlightened me far more than any other individual in the field. Thank you so much once I get a new job I will give back to you.
By 18:00 it seemed like you're describing Mass Effect. In-universe most of their advanced tech is based on element zero, which manipulates dark energy to create gravitational fields. They use it for everything, FTL, biotics, gravity plating, shields
"Orbital bombardment"
*The astute notice the ship just nuked Florida Man.*
'alright', after what GrayStillPlays put him through in the sims 4 vids, orbital bombardment is just a crock on the barbeque to Florida Man, hell, Australian Man is probably yelling for "more marinade", lol. "play game damit", lol.
When I drink too much or don’t feel good I always listen to this it’s very calming
Hey a topic I asked about in a stream is now a video. Wooooo. Thanks Isaac.
"The Necromonger Empire consider it their promised land; that only the Lord Marshals of the Necromongers are known to have journeyed to."
Legendary, so I can comment, like and give Isaac glorious watch time. And I get to have my weekly optimism. Or the amusing doom that's rare outside old scifi anthologies, and a few attempts recently.
As an avid fan of the Stellaris mod Ancient Cache of Technologies I salute this video and hope you will make an episode about how we can harness the souls of stars themselves as an extremely potent source of power and incredible technology!
First we master Tachyon Sensors, to finally grasp Dark Matter Drawing. Then we need very good scientists with specialization in Particles, Materials and Military to learn how to Generate, Contain and Apply Dark Matter and then, finally we can attain the Dark Matter Reactor. Suffused with a new way to power our society, Superior Constructs are erected, with Void Palace being the mark of Dark Matter Governance!
This is the best channel about science. A lot of interesting and new information.
i think ill have to re-watch this one several times before i understand what were talking about here.
nonetheless thanks for the awesome videos mr.Arthur!
Anti matter is sooo last year. Here on Isaac Arthur we build with dark matter.
You left out the sixth known type of energy and possibly the most important one of all,Caffeine blessed blessed Caffeine.
I love this episode. It reveals to me the vastness of our ignorance, and the potential to learn. I want to write a sci/fantasy. I’ll probably bastardize dark matter much the same way as Quantum Mechanics. Good stuff.
Been waiting for a new one! Thank you and stay safe. Kind regards from Sweden.
"Stay safe" 🤦
#plandemic
1) Why would nations ACTUALLY trying to END this EVENT take an entire YEAR to solve it, if it's such a bad thing?
2) Why would they repeatedly INVENT new variants and broadcast their danger on TV, rarely discussing the vaccine (the ONLY solution) & thereby prolonging the issue?
3) Why does this problem disproportionately affect people in need, lead to the mass closure of small businesses specifically, restrict the economy such that 1000s are unemployed, make people afraid of each other, and FORCE children (who are also at RISK) out of school for MONTHS?
#thisisaMASSIVEdistractionthatpreventspublicmobilizationagainstthesystematicdestructionofhumankind
#climatecrisis
Prove me wrong...
Otherwise, I'm RIGHT
[UA-cam has a bot or paid TROLLS that DELETE factual comments]
🤦
Futurama's dark matter spaceship fuel comes to mind. 😉
Proud Patreon supporter since 2017. Not only is this channel excellent educationally, but it brings hope for the future. Great work Isaac and team. Big fan.
Probably too late to be noticed but these help me sleep. The hope for a bright future is something hard to find and comforting. Love all the work.
Will you be adding a "join" option on UA-cam as a way to contribute to your channel?
I'm one of those content creators who folded. Teeny channel, but still :) Will maybe get back into it this year.
Great video as always Isaac, keep it up. Lots of love from South Africa.
The biggest question I have about dark matter: can you make it into a drink and a snack?
Big fan of SFIA. Once again, Isaac, you've done your homework and presented the conclusions logically and impartially so that I can pause the video and look stuff up. Didn't know about the Bullet cluster or how modified newtonian dynamics could in practice work. If brute force amounts of coffee in my SFIA mug aren't working then I'm not drinking enough...
You should put the link to the nebula videos in the description. Up and atom etc.
I remember once hearing a theory about Dark Matter being the gravitational "shadow" of another universe, so maybe if you were able to detect it directly, you could theoretically map another universe or dimension. Taken to the far extremes, perhaps you could find places where the boundary between universes was weakest and then find a way to break between them.
Well that’s a fun concept. Weird that no sci fi (I know of) has tried that concept.
No evidence for it. Until then....
@@Ozzy_2014 Isn't that the fun of sci-fi, though? Getting to play with scientific concepts - even the outlandish ones?
They have looked for this sort of effect under classical GR conditions but there the bleed through should have the effect of slowing down gravitational waves giving gravitons an effective mass as these perturbations can only travel at the speed of causality. However I think it is still possible if the dimensions separating us from these shadow universes are quantum mechanical in nature. In particular I wonder if all or some of the "dark matter" is really the combined leaking gravity from the "many worlds" view of quantum mechanics. In this case the halos of dark matter would be like the quantum mechanical cloud of the electron around an atom all the other possible states of that region of spacetime propagating through from their own entanglement cones.
I got this idea from the formalism of Wolframs multi-wave hypergraph model for fundamental physics based around computation as it adds another type of dimensions based around all possible unique states. Since in that model every "world" overlaps in Einsteinian spacetime only separated in branchial distance where the speed of entanglement has units of power and is much larger than the speed of causality thus it shouldn't be subject to the slowdown that doomed the old shadow universe hypothesis as the new variants would be able to travel faster and catch up with conventional gravity rather than dragging the waves down.
Note that these branchial worlds are able to collide in this model with those collisions representing two or more worlds converging onto the same state which has the trippy effect of making the past a quantum superposition of all indistinguishable past histories. Pretty trippy.
In the parallel realities episode, it's mentioned that the weakness of gravity may be due to gravity's strength being stretched across multiple dimensions. Is it plausible that dark matter might just be the gravitational effect of mass from other dimensions interacting through a force of gravity that transcends dimensional barriers? Mostly a thought I had for a science fiction setting, but I thought it might be amusing to discuss.
Yes, that is something I thought of. We would not be able to perceive or even measure matter at a higher dimension
12:47 Does light go just a bit slower than the absolute fastest speed possible?
Watching this is so MUCH better than watching the news channels.
Yep the horror channels can be a bit much.
I think "dark matter" technologies will have more to do with making existing technologies far more "direct" in their path to our goals. I believe dark matter to be more of a property to our universe that permeates everything already... harnessing it for direct things would be silly, like making light shades around the Earth, it would take more energy and resources to produce than benefits of return for the investment.
21:27 where is this footage/animation from?
GRASER is already taken! It's for Gamma Ray Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. You can have GASER though, I guess
ISAAC! ISAAC! ISAAC! Love seeing your uploads, always a highlight
Great content, as usual. I have been inclined to be sceptical of dark matter as a "god of the gaps" type explanation. The first part of this video has really made me reconsider. The only problem I have with this video is the picture skipping, which has been happening intermittently on your channel for a while now. I like being able to watch the relaxing visuals as I listen, and the picture jerking around disturbs that.
I’m addicted to this channel! Thank you!
Hypothetically do you think if we ever found a way to harness dark matter, we could use it to manipulate time due to gravitational time dilation?
The last time I was this early I was watching dark matter being made at the Big Bang
That's what your mom also told me.
Wow, you must be downright ancient, you might as well be 30... :P
I frequently listen to your videos with full comprehension and like to think of myself as fairly intelligent. Then you discuss the different characteristics of elementary particles and I realize you've been dumbing it down for me.😎
Right as I'm on the way to school. See ya in half a day.
Love your stuff brother. Makes Thursday lab day bearable
I wish I had a science course to go to on Arthursday, his stuff makes me want to reach far beyond my educational horizon.
@@muninrob stealing that day name. It is quite glorious. Lol I wish it was a science course, that would far more skippable during an ice storm
@@johnandrews1334 Not my day name, Issac Arthursday was already an "in group" meme when I discovered his content. (back when the "fermi pardox" list was the current channel focus)
I'm so early to this video!
Keep up the good work, Isaac. You rock!
Recently I read some articles on the postulation of Dark Photons and Photon decay. Since energy can not be destroyed ( A Big if - but most of our understanding of physics rests on this idea)
Can we then suggest that when energy has been discharged below the observable range, can we postulate that Dark Matter might be related to this range level of energy way below radio waves (below ELF). Hence not seeable or detectible, due to our level of tech. Might even join the gravitational waves in space.
Krikkit is exactly where my mind went when you started talking about using dark matter as planetary defense. I love how wacky physics can be.
slightly off topic but i finally signed up for curiosity stream and i have to say - i'm overwhelmed. my watchlist has something like 20+ titles in it that i'm gonna have to somehow get around to watching. i felt giddy like a child on christmas morning when i initially started browsing! there's so much to choose from, with a content database that _far_ eclipses anything provided by traditional streaming platforms like netflix or even prime. thank you for the recommendation!
8:21 With all those Neutrinos passing near each other do they interact or how do they keep from interacting?
They're shy
The overly simple answer is that they are very, very tiny and have a neutral electric charge. That means they mostly interact through the Weak Force, which is an extremely short-range force.
Great video as always. Also, I love my SFIA coffee mugs!!
12:42 Could the mass of a photon be the reflection of the energy needed to start up and keep the E/M oscillations going with more not extending so far?
Yesssss another video. Just perfect. Thank Issac Arthur.
quite a cool concept indeed
All we need now is to find the prothean ruins on Mars and and unearth the Chrion relay
So potentially, we can take a spoon of neutronium surround it with large amount of Dark Matter, and it won't disintegrate and yet we could have access to the neutronium cuz Dark Matter is not standing in the way....we can use it for gravitational field.
8:47 Wouldn't Neutrinos be hitting your sail on both sides? There's a sailor's term for that. I think it's "in irons".
Stellar fusion produces neutrinos. So, if you had a "neutrino sail," more neutrinos would be hitting it from Sunward than from other directions. You might end up "in irons" if you were in deep space with no significant neutrino source (star, artificial neutron beam, etc.) closer than others, but in that case you would probably fold up or "turn off" you sail in some way and coast until you were within range of your destination star, then re-deploy the sail to slow down. Presumably you would have achieved relativistic velocity on some level by catching neutrinos from your star of origin or a neutrino beam.
@@kevincrady2831 Do Neutrinos decay with age? Although it's different, I'm thinking of the old question about why is the night sky dark if the universe is infinite we should be seeing the surface of a star in every direction.
@@ProperLogicalDebate I don't know if neutrinos decay, I'd have to look that up. As for Olber's Paradox, the fact that the Universe is expanding (especially given that the expansion is accelerating) means that stars more than a certain distance from us are permanently invisible to us because their light can't ever reach us. When Olber's Paradox was initially proposed, the idea of an expanding Universe (much less the evidence for it) was not known.
Every Thursday I get paid and I get to listen to a new Isaac Arthur video.
Wow this is the best explanation of how particles work I've heard.
Hey, thanks for the great videos. I enjoy the subject matter, and also find your voice very relaxing and it helps me sleep sometimes when I need to.
So fascinating Isaac thank you for uploading.
What does storing time even imply? What could you use stored time to do?
Speed up stonks?
So if that last hypothesis is true we might actually create Timelord tech in the future.
Correct me if I'm wrong, but if all matter with mass generated a particle, gravitons, which also had some amount of mass, wouldn't the graviton itself produce more gravitons since it has its own mass? Or is that not quite how it works?
Since dark matter must have mass and take up space because it is matter is there a way we could measure the drag of space to see how much different the numbers are from a complete vacuum?
Well that would be hard to achieve experimentally because we are inside a galaxy, a thing that we presume is mostly dark matter, I would imagine we would need to go to extragalactic space to try and measure such a thing as the drag in space, which is currently beyond our abilities
@@greenrocket23 well assuming dark matter gets sucked out of a vacuum chamber we could use a vacuum chamber as a baseline
But that’s a lot to assume
Dark matter isn't supposed to interact with ordinary matter much except gravitationally.
Lol, W.I.M.P.s - and people say scientists are bad at acronyms XD
At the end of this episode you mentioned that if dark matter is crunched down dimensions, it could be used to store time. What the heck is that supposed to mean? My brain explodes just thinking about it. Can anyone explain it to me please?
Time passes relatively to ones motion through space. If you can control the warping of space time you could concibeably create bubbles of time. A slow time bubble would give you somewhere to exist say with a star still burning long after the universe has fallen to heat death. If it could do more.... Well I recomend the 1991 Novel Timeships by Stephen Baxter. A sequel to The Time Machine. They answer some big questions. What could a intelligence do that is functionally immortal and knows time travel exists. Knows the universe is dying of entropy. That intelligence would be well motivated to find a way to escape such a universe. Well perhaps this is how they will.
WimpTech is not a good name for your futuristic tech company. Rebranding needed!
I saw a video the other day talking about how dark matter might not exist at all, and that the influences of dark matter might just be the influence of nearby galaxies and the rest of the universe. I THINK DrBecky did a video on it.
It could just that the whole universe it self is running on a computer
Now there is another thing I still don’t know anything about Love your. Channel
Indeed!
The observation that convinced me that 'dark matter' isn't some kind of modern epicycle is that the apparent missing mass varies from galaxy to galaxy and therefore can't be an artefact of our misunderstanding of gravity...
...Dark energy is even more abundant but seems evenly spread and a property of space itself. That I find even more disturbing than dark matter as I tend to regard 'inexplicable untidiness' as the result of misunderstanding of reality rather than reality itself. In spite of my biases I expect dark energy will prove to be incontrovertibly real too, I just wish we could hurry up and discover what they both are. My worry is the 'darkness' of the former may be evidence that whatever it is may be too exotic for us to understand in any meaningful way. I suspect that while we currently know even less about the latter we may crack that sooner via refinement of current understanding or a new paradigm.
23 seconds ago the internet got smarter
admit it, you wish you were the internet.
@@jessicalee3929 guess we do
Several relatively recent experiments have basically ruled out WIMPs as a possible DM candidate. The LHC has ruled out most sparticles as candidates. LIGO has ruled out most MACHO candidates and all alternative gravity models. So physicists are basically back at square one for DM.
That thumbnail is fantastic
Great vid, as always :)
Lol, I've never been this early to an Issac Arthur video. The video hasn't even been up 10 minutes and I'm already here, lol.
This question isn't relevant to this video, but I wanted to ask it because it has been on my mind for awhile.
Is the "spacetime" the same thing as the mathematical 4th dimension?
We often say that time is the fourth dimension, but I am wondering if it means that time is like the fourth geometrical axis, or it's something different than a geometrical axis and something that's used to represent it graphically even though time has no geometrical feature.
If they differ, can you tell me in what way it differs so that I can understand?
No one -
*Isaac announces a new issue of Fornax in Video format for Valentine's Day*
Me - *Heavy Breathing*
15:14 I’m not following this line of reasoning. Can anyone elaborate on Isaac here?
As a MOND guy, i enjoyed this video much more then i initially expected!
From what I know, the best theories for dark energy to me would be the GEODE or "Generic Object of Dark Energy". It's basically the idea that along side black holes are GEODEs which look and act similar to black holes however are comprised of dark energy and therefore grow as the universe gets older as connected to the red shift of the photon. It could also explain why the collisions between black holes observed are really off of expectations being sizes that should be really uncommon as for the smaller stellar mass ones have barely been observed.
As for dark matter, still banking on the axion. It's a particle that basically has to exist to solve quantum chromodynamics and it so far has had the most tests back it up. Recent studies of neutron stars show the increase in gamma rays expected if the axion exists and there were a couple of tests that showed minuet signs of detecting it (though those could be noise from false positives).
Dark matter matters..
Does E=MC^2 apply to dark matter, or only to baryonic matter?
The reason I ask is because dark matter does not seem to have energy in a form or quantity we can directly detect - as if it is the end result of matter via the 2nd law of thermodynamics.
Entropy is a thing after all.
Will we be getting a monopolium episode soon?
Literally what I wanted to see
hmmm, orbital bombardmen, dark matter, and dark energy, this sounds like one hell of a combination to shift-delete a planet completely from spacetime, especially if you can get that dark matter and dark energy to 'mingle' and have "a little party" at the bottom of the planet's gravity well, maybe. with the planet puled in by the dark matter as the dark energy sends the planet's matter to the far ends of reality, I have no idea what that would look like and I'm not sure I want to find out, lol. playing cosmic pinbal with space rocks lobbed at relativistic speeds sounds like more fun, lol.
Great vid Isaac and crew. B)
Isaac, as far as I understand, the existence of both dark matter and dark energy is theorized based on calculations of the speed of celestial objects. Since one of the components of speed is time and time is less immutable than we though, could it be that we miscalculated?
Examples of time being weird: the time dilation next to a large mass and the measurable time difference for an object slingshotting with or against the rotation of a planet.
Best way to wake up any given week is to Arthursday
10:37 perfectly named!
There is something we are missing about time.
Yep, it is about time we were missing something.
There are certainly times that i am missing.
My time has been one big miss
🎶 Miss me baby one more time 🎶
Has anyone ever taken a suggested video tour of this channel? I bet you could watch for weeks on end skipping further and further back in the channels history. I tried this once with pbs space-time, but got bored.
Hey, just a little question for those who know, I signed up on curiosity following the link but I couldn't find a way to get nebula.. Any ideea?
Great for bedtime listening I've always wondered about dark matter this is so interesting.