The Bible was written in THESE languages
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- Опубліковано 9 лис 2022
- #shorts
In this short video I talk about the three languages the Bible was originally written in, if we include both the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible, and the New Testament. I didn't include the Apocrypha.
Commercial images licensed from istock.com
Creative Commons images in this video:
docs.google.com/document/d/1S...
Front page image of Israel Ha-Yom newspaper: fair use intended.
That was a smooth loop.
ah that's why he said it, on computer it doesn't loop so I didn't get it
@@kaiserkuecheIt's looping for me on computer in Chrome, but itd be really confusing if it didn't loop!
@@labrat256 It didn't loop on phone
I had to play it twice before I “got it” 😅
@@JudgeHill wKwKwK
great video, hours of info about biblical languages - and it's still going!
Nah
😂
The only info one must know is that the Bible is changed throughout these language changes.
That's why what? THAT'S WHY WHAT? WE NEED ANSWERS
The Man doesn’t want you to hear it
I suppose it's to make a nice loop for PC/whatever-that-does-loop-shorts-automatically users.
on Android it loops perfectly
Watch the full video…?
@@DrewNorthup If you're watching via the UA-cam "shorts" URL then it loops, but if you're using the regular "watch" URL then it cuts off mid sentence.
Help I'm stuck in the loop
Does Canaanite mean descendants of Cane?
@mr. Hassell - yes, it does. It's assumed Arabs are one of their descendants, but is that the exit from te loop?
@@dannydetonatorNo it doesn't. It means the people of the land of Canaan, or Kena'n. Its etymology seems to descends from old semitic k'n'n, and likely referred to the sea shores low areas along the Western Mediterranean.
They are the ancestors of everybody from the Eastern Mediterranean, Jews, Christians and Muslims (in addition to 3000+ years of much external genetic add-mixtures)
@@fasselkhan3320Descendants of Canaan
@@dannydetonatorno. Cananite referred to language proximity with Hebrews and Aramaic speakers. The Torah clearly says the Israelites invaded Canaan..Arabs originated in Arabian Peninsula. They are not descendants of Cananites.
In fact as it turns out, the people most closely related to Canaanites are the modern day Lebanese
Aramaic speakers writing in Greek is the epic version of me writing my fics in English despite being native Spanish to reach a much wider audience 🤣
We do the same thing!
Except it's not a fiction
@@alonsoACR this isnt fiction tough, death isnt fiction either, fiction is only blackness after death, thats good fiction my friend.
@@amosamwig8394 so fearful of oblivion u need comforting tales of the everlasting
@@sheepketchup9059 only time will tell...
There's also the Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) that was very common as the Jewish diaspora knew Greek
And it's older than the Hebrew Masoretic text, by several centuries.
The new testament quotations from the old testament use the Septuagint, too!
And don’t forget the Jewish Aramaic Targums and the Syriac Aramaic Peshitta 😍
The Septuagint is used by Catholic and orthodox while masoretic text is used by Protestants
@@Bryson24500 That depends which exact Bible tho, newer editions added the MT while also keeping the LXX. Need to look up the exact Bible tho.
Shorts fit Langfocus really well I think. Not that I'd like to see the end of full length videos; I'll still always watch and love those.
Cope
Yeah sure 🙄
A short that ends with, "That's why..." is sloppy and useless.
Id like to see a biblical hebrew vs modern hebrew video or koine greek vs modern day greek. Love your vids. Prayers!
Throw in Samaritan liturgical and modern Hebrew for some fun.
If you know modern Hebrew then you can read biblical Hebrew, it is just that some words in biblical Hebrew are not used anymore, so it might be hard to fully understand unless you know the meaning of some words in the biblical hebrew text.
Koine Greek is next to identical to modern greek. Like 90% similar and same alphabet as well. Only difference was the grammar. Koine Greek is still the official language of the Greek Orthodox Church. Your average Greek grandparent can understand all of it, without even going to school past primary school, or at all for people born 100y ago for example. However, even the uneducated ones, could perfectly understand it. Which is why Greeks never lost their language even though they were colonised and enslaved by the ottomans for hundreds of years... (I'm greek btw)
@@irianna44 If I want to read the Bible in the original Greek would it suffice if I take courses to learn Greek, then?
I might just start learning it just for that.
@@alonsoACR Modern Greek? Koine Greek is as close as the English of Shakespeare is to modern English.
As a native Hebrew speaker, It's really not that hard getting used to biblical Hebrew, as it's really quite similar, and you also have the added benefit of learning a really beautiful version of the language. I can even (well, sort of) read the Aramaic parts of the Tanakh and understand what's happening there, although it's a really annoying and painstakingly long task.
Honestly, if you want to read the Tanakh in all of it's glory, you should really choose Hebrew, it's basically the absolute best written version of the language, and reading it in other languages really negates the beauty of the text.
Oh, and I almost forgot, but there's also a pretty famous translation of the Miqra to ancient Greek known as " the translation of the seventy" or "Septuagint". The interesting part about this translation is that it's an earlier version of the Tanakh, so it can sometimes explain weird passages (I hope that's the translation for "פסוק") that lack context in the more common version of the Tanakh we all know and love.
Yes, some Christian scholars will consult the LXX to better understand the Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic texts.
After all, the NT authors were mostly practicing Jews who were familiar with and quoted the Hebrew and Aramaic.
*blink* I wasn't aware that the text had changed from the version underlying the Septuaginta. 😳 Thank you for the info! (Also... why when how *hu*)
From what I've seen of biblical Hebrew (smithering from be reshit) it seemed pretty much identical to modern Hebrew (to the extend that I learned it). ... Except less cars, computers and falafel with French fries. 😉 I was wondering, if it was just me. So, interesting to know that to s.b. who actually really knows modern Hebrew it's indeed very similar. 👍👋
As a native Hebrew speaker, would you say learning Biblical Hebrew is like modern English speakers learning to read and understand the English of Shakespeare?
@@basedoppenheimer1497 as a non-native Hebrew-wader I'd have to say no. More like Chauser than Shakespeare.
@@basedoppenheimer1497Much easier...I would say the Aramaic parts and qnd modern Hebrew is more comparable to you comparison.
תודה!
ew
@@justaguy4656 what's your problem?
@@justaguy4656u muslim☪️🤮
Great video! I love how you condensed a lot of info in just one short
The Roman catholic church and the Orthodox Church use the Septuagint as the Old Testament traditionally. The Septuagint is written in Greek as well.
Good thing no one cares about Roman Catholicism. That's Satan's right hand religion.
Doesn't the Roman Catholic church primarily use the Latin translation (Vulgata)?
@@tobyk.4911 The Vulgata has been used too. But I think it isn’t used anymore.
@@tobyk.4911 Vulgata was translated later, by St. Jerome, a christian monk. Septuagint dates back to about 3 centuries before Christ. You can research about it.
Only Paul can manage to convey this amount of information in 1 minute. And in a continuous loop 😁
When I was little! I thought the Bible was written in Spanish!
Yeah, why not? I still remember a former politician who said that Spain exists for at least 3.000 years. 😂
When I was young, I didn't know Spanish came from Spain.
Yes, I was a stupid child.
It was written in Myth & magic
@@TheoHawk316only uneducated, some adults still don’t know
If you include the deuterocanonical books (i.e. the ones that are in the Catholic bible which Martin Luther cut out of the Protestant bible), most of those were either originally written in Koine Greek as well, or we no longer have any extant Hebrew versions - there is some debate as to whether they were originally written in Hebrew or not.
I recommend looking up the dead sea scrolls
Important note: apart from the biblical texts we have also the Jewish historian Josephus from the 1st century who also choose to write in Greek. " He recorded the First Jewish-Roman War (66-70 AD), including the siege of Masada. His most important works were The Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews. These works provide valuable insight into first century Judaism and the background of Early Christianity. Josephus's works are the chief source next to the Bible for the history and antiquity of ancient Palestine, and provide a significant and independent extra-Biblical account of such figures as Pontius Pilate, Herod the Great, John the Baptist, James the Just, and possibly Jesus of Nazareth." Wikimedia
Nice loop 👌 and interesting content 🤓
The old testament's language (biblical Hebrew) is originally called "the sacred language" (or לשון הקודש).
If you want to get even more specific, the extra-Biblical sources of the Talmud and Midrashim were also in Hebrew, but moreso Aramaic; Jewish Aramaic. And there was a particular dialect of Jewish Aramaic spoken in Galilee in the first century called “Galilean Aramaic” which was the tongue of Jesus Christ.
Topic suggestions:
Biblical Hebrew vs Modern Hebrew
Biblical Aramaic vs Modern Syriac
Koine Greek vs Modern Standard Greek
Love your videos!
You might find my upcoming video interesting. :) It should be out before the end o the month.
@@Langfocus waiting!
As a Muslim, I'd like to thank you for sharing this video!
Yes. Muhammadim is in the Song of Solomon
@@MelaninMagdalene what does that have to do with the video?
Shalom Aleichem שלום עליכם!
@@MelaninMagdalenewhere?
Would love to hear more about different bible translations and if they match the original
Of course they do, just cuz they're different languages, different versions, doesn't mean the message is changed
@@DukeofSpadesOffical study them scriptures, find them in all 3 languages and translate them and let us see if the message is changed as you claim, it's easy to talk without having any proof
@@IesusChristusVivit there are many copyist errors
@@user-hc2vk2ic3u not this again🤧 there's no copyist errors, however, do you want me to quote and compare Rawh and Hafs Qur'ans?🤡
@@user-hc2vk2ic3u Qur'an in Africa is so different than the others, just like the other ones, the sentences are changed and the meaning is changed, how do you explain that🤡🤧
THATS WHY
Fun fact: the Bible, both new and Old Testament, are translated into 1,617 languages altogether
This loops so satisfyingly
The loop was wicked. Had me wondering how UA-cam shorts are this long
😅
That loop was clever 😎
wow very cool thanks for uploading
Glory to Adonai
מה קורה
there is actually aramaic passages in the new testament even in english versions. jesus’ lamentations on the cross are often transcribed in the original language he used
Yes, some short passages like that.
ReligionForBreakfast crossover when
Never heard of it.
Fun fact: ancient greek people, from the invention of their alphabet, in the 15th century b.C., to the death of Alexander the Great, wrote their texts with only capital letters, without writing accents nor spirits, without writing punctation marks (dots, commas, question/exclamation marks etc.) and without spaces between words, they were all attached. The non-capital letters were the last thing which came to the greeks, indeed also latin people in the roman empire wrote everything with capital letters.
Not really, cf. roman cursive.
The guy looks like Quentin Tarantino.
I get that a lot. Roger Federer too.
I love your channel
Thanks!
Cool! Appreciate the knowledge. God bless
modern Assyrians speak Aramaic to this day. I speak it fluently.
Highly informative, and a smooth loop , 10/10.
The Greek of the New Testament is an old form of Greek called Koine Greek, which is like what Latin is to the modern Romance languages. Although Koine Greek is much more similar to modern Greek than Latin is to Italian or Spanish, because the literary tradition of Greek was retained in the Byzantine Empire, while Classical Latin wasn't retained in the west, due to Barbarian invasions. Only Sardinia and Corsica retained archaic Latin dialects, because they remained as part of the Roman Empire for a longer time, relatively safe from the Barbarians
Thank you Paul. Very interesting👍
I really enjoy this INDIVIDUAL with FOREIGN languages he really presents an AMAZING easy BREAKDOWN of all LANGUAGES..
GREAT WORK!!!
Smart looping 😁
This is excellent. Thank you for this.
You're welcome!
As an ex-Ultra-orthodox Jew I must say you were on point about biblical Hebrew and Aramaic.
Have you read Isaiah 53 - Yeshaiahu Nun Gimel?
I now end all sentences randomly with that’s why. If anyone appears confused I just start from the beginning.
That's why -
Now you know!
A lot of Scholars now think that the Gospel writers were educated native Greek speakers due to the literary style they used.
The apostles could have easily hired a scribe from the converts.
Good video! Give us full, please!
There’s some Aramaic in the New Testament and it’s clear some of the writers were thinking in Aramaic despite writing in Greek- Amy Jill Levine and Elaine Pagels point this out in some of their writings
Please tell me this is a preview. These shorts bother me but if you keep doing long videos it's fine. This topic could make a good half hour
It’s not a preview, but shorts are a way to test what people are interested in watching. I can’t tell you how many times I’ve spent a month or two of my life making a video that only 2-3% of my subscribers watch, and that I earn like $50 from. But I can make a short in 1 day and see how it performs.
@@Langfocus You should make a full video then. It's a topic that you could talk a lot on
Backstreet boys: Tell me why?
Langfocus: That's why
lol
What about the Deuterocanonical texts? Do they count? (Religious war ensues)
still waiting for the religious wars
@@alangervasis boum!
Wasn't the torah (the first 5 books of old testament and), at first, written in Greek during the hellensiki era? Because from what I know it was the Greek who collected verses from the "early Jewish" temples and translated them from Hebrew to Greek and stacked those verses into what's we call the torah and then the Jewish cannaniat translate them back into Hebrew. It might be the whole tanakh but I can't remember quite accurately at the moment, especially that the talmud from what I know was the rest of the Jewish blifes writings that wasn't included in the tanakh and it was collected by the Jews in Hebrew to Hebrew
Thank you!
I also think the reason it was written in Greek was because the Greek alphabet, like the Latin one, is not a Semitic Abjad-script, which meant that textual variants over a large region could easily be legible.
For example, it doesn't matter whether you spell the word "horrible" with one "R" or not, because you can still easily make out what the original word meant. In an Abjad-script, one dot or diacritic is all it takes to completely change the meaning of the sentence.
Perfect loop 👏 🏆
Consensus is that the authors of the New Testament were probably NOT Aramaic speakers, BUT Greek speakers, and Hebrew was no longer a spoken language by the 24th Century CE.
have you forgot about the Septuagint (written about 300 years B.C., during the time of Ptomeleus), the greek translation of the old testament?
may the lord bless you langfocus, what a awesome crossover, but I dont know if you're a christian
I doubt it, he seems well educated
@@nakkadu Have a nice day
@@nakkaduThe best universities and schools in the world were founded by Christian. They drove literacy rates in the poor and uneducated so that they could read the bible for themselves. How ironic you're statement is.
Lebanese Maronites chant the consecration in Aramaic, the language of Christ.
Paul, the Bible could have been originally written in the three languages you mentioned, but you should have also stated it was the first book which was published when Gutenberg invented the printing press in 1453, and the language used for its publication was Latin.
There’s only so much you can say in a UA-cam Short.
The pre-Christian Jews also translated their Hebrew Scriptures into Greek around 250-200 BC. This version of the Old Testament was widely circulated around the eastern Mediterranean and was even officially sanctioned by the priesthood. It was regarded as Scriptural and divinely inspired, and was quoted by Christ and the Apostles. We know it as the Septuagint Old Testament (LXX).
MOST TRANSLATED AND SELLED BOOK IN HUMAN HISTORY ❤️✝️ i love my Lord JesusChrist ✝️❤️
FYI Jesus speaks Aramaic as his mother tongue language.
Yes.
No, hebrew as he is a Jew.
Since Mel Gibson made this movie this keeps me wondering. Was it predominantly spoken in Nazarea or Betlehem or Jerusalem at that time? How did they decide on Aramaic over ancient Hebrew?
@@yehohanan7738Aramaic
There's also a part of the old testament which was written in koine greek, even though it's nowadays no more considered part of the hebrew bible and that the protestant bible doesn't include it as well
You're talking about Maccabeus, I'd assume? It's possible it was originally written in Hebrew or Aramaic, but the original version was lost because it wasn't canonized into the Hebrew bible.
Awesome video! Do you know if there is any evidence that Jesus preached in Greek?
Don't forget about the Septuagint, which is a Greek translation of the Old Testament, but a different type of Greek than the Koine Greek in the Bew Testament.
Weren't some of the books written in Latin? For example, 2 Esdras was written in Latin.
Not originally. It was translated into latin
Just now i read some Aramaic section in my Hebrew Bible. (I’m a Jew, and modern Hebrew is my mother tongue)
Even without learning how to read it, I can understand the gist of the text.
Aramaic is spoken in communities from Northern Iran to Eastern Turkey.
And in Syria, Lebanon and Israel
I was about to say "the dueterocanonicals were not found apart from greek" then i realized he was talking about the protestant canon only.
This is more interesting than what I thought this video was going to be. For whatever reason the title made me think you meant written as in translated to
Hi Paul. 🙏🏾
What about the Deuterocanonicals? aka those that didnt make the final cut between the Old and New Testaments?
*Final cut for the jews and protestants who later removed it. The Catholic and Orthodox Churches never removed it.
@WHXY what I wrote is very clear. So which part you have difficulty to understand???
What a brilliant man!
According to the Church of the East, the Bible was written in TWO languages: "Hebrew & Aramaic." The New Testament was originally written in Aramaic while the Greek New Testament is a first century Translation.
So this is somewhat unrelated but i was in church yesterday and i looked down closed my eyes and asked,” holy spirit what are you trying to say to me?” And i saw letters pop up one by one. The problem is that i didnt see all the letters all i can remember is AHLI which i knew wasnt english so i put it in google translate. I put the language on detected cause i had no clue what language it was. It put it as Malay which i thiught was a little random but Ahli in malay is “member”. I wanted to know if Malay ment anything to the bible and if anyone else has had this happen.
schizophrenia
Koine Greek is almost identical to modern greek. A modern greek speaker, understands probably around 90% of it.
I know that English borrows a lot of it's vocabulary from Greek and Latin because of the Christian texts. I'm kind of curious on how English would have developed if the New Testament was written in Aramaic
Just replace Greek and Latin words with their Aramaic counterparts.
Likely, very little would happen. The Greek in English “music, anthropology,” etc, is not in English because of Christianity or anything religious. It’s in English (and Dutch, Spanish, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, etc, etc) because when the Romans took control of not just Greek but most of the recently Hellenized world, they realized how many new words the Greek’s had which Latin at the time didn’t. So they added music and other words. But because of this, there stayed a sociocultural specter in Latin-which was: Greek must be a language of the knowledgeable peoples. But not elite! Latin was the elite language and Greek was the commoner’s in the East for some time. As Latin divided over the centuries in Europe, this sociocultural specter never disappeared. It was in (the equivalents of) French, Italian, and Spanish, and when Latin made its way to the non-Latin languages up north (especially English), this specter amazingly stayed as well. That’s why in English, scientists mostly use made up Greek terms to describe things, which then creates a continuing feedback loop, which culminates into why Greek feels so intelligent. Hence: anthropology. The Greek we get specifically due to Christianity and the NT documents are very small in comparison, and some of it is actually just an augmentation of Aramaic or Hebrew. This is exemplified in the case of “amen” and “(h)allelujah,” both being Semitic words that came with the conquering of Christianity through the Aramaic to Greek to Latin translations. So, to wrap this up-as long as Latin was still the language of the elite and empire, the NT being written and used in Aramaic would have not changed much.
@@lol-ih1tl Read my above reply
@@jeremias-serus I can't see it
Check out the P'sheeta text by George M Lamsa. Read the introduction as it explains why this text is important.
If I remember correctly, the Orthodox Tewahedo canon also has Ge'ez among the biblical languages.
What is Tewahedo? And what is Ge'ez?
@@tobyk.4911 Orthodox Tewahedo is the denomination of Christianity which is most widespread in Ethiopia and Eritrea. Ge'ez is a historical Semitic language spoken in those countries, which remains in use as a liturgical language there today.
@@Erikatharsis thanks for the explanation
Common mistake.
It's a very old translation and considered a sacred language in Ethiopia and Arithrea but not the original language.
I'd be happy to answer any questions you guys may have about islam❤and I invite everyone to join the faith
The holy Trinity of biblical languages.
It should be remembered that the Greek translation of the Old Testament, the Septuagint (~400BC), predates the earliest extant Hebrew texts, the Masoretic texts, by many centuries (sometime AD). So was "The Old Testament" written in Greek or Hebrew? Is the Septuagint not a valid historical religious text in its own right that the Bible is actually based on? Bit of a Ship of Theseus problem.
The Septuagint is a translation from Hebrew.
What's your point?
Is there a lengthier version of this short video?
Not exactly, but my upcoming video will be a comparison of Biblical Hebrew and Biblical Aramaic.
My Old Testament has Greek books too
I feel so proud that I, as a hebrew speaker, am one of a very small population of people able to understand the true original words of the bible.
Greek here, same feeling 😉
💀 yeah you can read big deal
@@big_sk4ian424 it's not just reading. It's understanding the actual words without mistakes and purposeful changes through translation
+ with all that, nobody knows who wrote them. + Christians still thinking it's the preserved word of God... 🤦
How a book can have over 27 versions and still you deny it's having contradictions is beyond reason and logic.
I believe Jesus was also thought to have spoken a dialect of Aramaic, specifically a super, super rural country bumpkin dialect, the equivalent of some Louisiana swamp people stuff.
Adonai created the world with words.
Yes, specifically by The WORD.
Have you read the Gospel of John?
Aramaic would have reached a much wider audience than Greek, so it is likely that Aramaic was the language the New testament was originally written in. For example, Aramaic was the lingua franca of the middle east and of the silk route all the way to China, and the Jewish communities living around the known world, making up 10% of the roman empire, spoke Aramaic. Greek was the western language. Syriac speaking Christians have long believed it was written in Aramaic first and later in Greek. Scholars who pushed the Greek first narrative are beginning to have that questioned by new findings.
The Jews do not write in Aramaic, but in Assyrian. It's called Ktav Ashuri.
You’re right but my question is which should I read so I don’t miss a verse to completion and understand it in English as literally as possible??!
That'll be hard as modern versions have already been altered. You can probably find versions of the Bible online and go to the oldest, it must have an English version
But how original do you want to go? Are you reading Jewish books to get the original Old testament? Are you adding removed chapters such as the Old Sea Scrolls? Will you repeat the mistakes of old and live with no fear of God Almighty Creator and taker of life drowner of humans extinctionist 👁️ 👁️
Thanks
The problem with translating languages and translations of translations is that words may have several different meanings and context.. Changing a few words around (well many) would paint a very different version of events and could change the story quite drastically, especially considering what you just said in this video are translations of older texts, again with multiple meanings and unknown context of a "cut and paste" job that is the Bible!.
Some NT writers are unlikely to have been Aramaic speakers, or at least not natively. That's why diaspora Jewish communities used the Septuagint.
You've forgotten about the Maccabees I, II, III which are included in the Orthodox canon and are written originally: In Aramaic (I & II) and were later translated into Koine Greek but only the Greek translation has survived (part of the Roman-Catholic & the Orthodox canon), and in Koine Greek (III) which is only part of the Orthodox canon, so, the OT was written in Hebrew, Aramaic & Koine Greek too
So fan fiction of fan fiction jumps the language barrier
A few OT books were written in Greek, actually, as the Jews were speaking and writing in Greek by that point (I-IV Maccabees, Judith, Baruch, Wisdom of Solomon)
Those books are included in the Catholic version of the Old Testament, but not the Protestant one (or the Hebrew Bible - the Jewish equivalent, ie. the Tanakh). I didn't include them because of that, but they're worth pointing out!
The choice of Greek was a great idea since we know a great deal of Ancient Greek so the meaning is mostly preserved.
Hi. What's the difference between ancient aramaic and modern aramaic?
There's a mistake
Aramaic language is not a cananean language
It's Semitic
@@hamzaboughraira4455
It's semitic but it's not cananean
@@ManuelPerez-yt1ni I'm really confused, the Canaanites themselves are semitic people
You're right that Aramaic is not a Canaanite language. In the graphic in the video, Aramaic is one branch of Northwest Semitic, and Canaanite is another branch. Aramaic and Canaanite are side by side under Northwest Semitic.