Aortic Valve Disease, Animation
Вставка
- Опубліковано 6 тра 2018
- (USMLE topics, cardiology) Aortic stenosis and regurgitation: pathology, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment.
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Voice by Sue Stern
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The aortic valve serves to ensure ONE-WAY flow of oxygen-RICH blood from the LEFT ventricle to the aorta and to the body. It OPENS when the left ventricle contracts and pumps blood; and CLOSES when the ventricles refill, to prevent blood from flowing BACK to the left ventricle. The aortic valve consists of three leaflets, or cusps.
A defective valve is one that FAILS to either OPEN or CLOSE properly. Aortic STENOSIS happens when the aortic valve does not OPEN fully, REDUCING blood flow. Aortic REGURGITATION, on the other hand, occurs when the valve does not CLOSE tightly, causing BACKWARD flow to the ventricle.
The common outcome of both situations is that the heart does NOT pump enough blood to the body, and heart failure may result. Symptoms may develop suddenly or SLOWLY over decades, and may include: fatigue, shortness of breath, especially when exercising; chest pain or tightness; dizziness, fainting, swelling in the ankles and feet; and poor feeding and growth in children.
In attempts to compensate for the low blood output, the left ventricle grows LARGER to generate higher pressures and pump harder. This enlargement may help to relieve symptoms at first, but eventually it causes the ventricle to become weak and fail.
Risk factors for both conditions include:
- Congenital heart valve disease: some people are born with ABnormal structures that increase the risks of valve MALfunctioning. Common defects include having two leaflets, instead of three; fused leaflets, and dilation of the aortic root.
- STIFFENED valve due to calcium deposits, as a result of AGING.
- and valve DAMAGE due to infection or inflammation in conditions such as endocarditis and rheumatic fever.
Aortic valve diseases produce characteristic heart murmurs that are useful for diagnosis.
Aortic stenosis gives rise to a crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur which starts shortly after the first heart sound. It is often preceded by an ejection click caused by the opening of the STENOTIC valve. The murmur is loudest in the aortic area and the sound radiates to the neck.
Aortic regurgitation produces a diastolic murmur which is heard along the left sternal border. It peaks at the beginning of diastole when the flow is largest, then rapidly decreases as the ventricles are filled.
Diagnosis is usually confirmed by echocardiography.
A damaged valve usually requires surgical repair or replacement. Several repair procedures are available depending on the type of defect. Valve replacement is often preferred as a long-term solution, especially for aortic stenosis, in which the valve tends to become narrow again after a repair procedure. Artificial valves can be mechanical or bio-prosthetic. Mechanical valves last longer but usually require life-long administration of anticoagulant medications to prevent formation of blood clots.
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Excellent explanation with less time that too with crystal clear concept....very helpful indeed............I love Alila medical media❤️
superb video. included all points with excellent animation. thank u sooo much
Great animation, really helpful. 👍
This animation is greatly help me understand my issue. Thank yiou
İt is the greatest channel for me. Short, understandable, amazing videos. Thank you!
Happy to hear that!
thank you, this helped a lot
Thank you!
Great, thank you so much
So helpful, thank you! ❤
Very useful
Thank you so much
Thank you so much
Thank you ❤️
Thank you very much dear Maam...please keep on....
Very very useful video
Nice work ❤
Great video. Remember that rheumatic valvular disease often causes both mitral and aortic valve disease, but so can endocarditis and collagen disorders like Marfans, so always bear in mind both mitral and aortic valve disease.
Thanks
Waaa nicely explained
Usefull, thank you
As a nursing Student It is very much useful for me..... Thanku ❤
Informative
Thank u
Merci beaucoup
I have this unfortunately but its still nice to fully understand what i am dealing with great video
I know what to expect with my current diagnosis. Thank you for making this simple to understand.
Please tell which medicine use for this problem
Was diagnosed last year after no longer being able to get back into jogging. Feels like I cannot breathe, but lungs check out okay.
I dinosged lately with arotic valve regrutation 😢 what should i do
💜
1:38
The Bicuspid Valve (Mitral Valve) Has Two Leaflets...Not Three.
Otherwise A Nice Explanation.
Hmm, the video is about the aortic valve, not mitral, just look at the video name.
A little confusing that the mitral valve is sometimes called the bicuspid valve. As I'm sure you know, the aortic valve should have three leaflets/cusps. That part of the video is explaining that an aortic valve which has a bicuspid morphology (having only two leaflets/cusps) is pathological and is often referred to as a bicuspid aortic valve. Hope this helps!
I’m not a medical expert, but the word bicuspid implies 2 not 3, otherwise it would be called the tricuspid valve
I have a leaky aortic valve my self l am fifty two