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The Easy Way to Improvise Over Chord Changes

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  • Опубліковано 9 лип 2016
  • This 3 note pattern is so simple you'll feel like you're cheating!
    Gear (but does it really matter?):
    Reeds - amzn.to/2byJByQ
    Ligature - amzn.to/2b1uYll
    Mouthpiece - bit.ly/2acqB6Z
    Saxophone - Selmer Mark VI SN: 111XXX - bit.ly/29W1Srz
    EWI - amzn.to/2b1EKXj
    Midi Controller - amzn.to/2bdjNtd
    Hair (the most important gear of all): Bb Texture by Bumble and Bumble - amzn.to/2byJROm
    To book Skype lessons, please email me at JeffSchneiderMusic@gmail.com.
    Instagram: @JeffSchneiderMusic
    Snapchat/Facebook/Twiiter: @JSchneidsMusic
    www.JeffSchneiderMusic.com

КОМЕНТАРІ • 235

  • @SongstaForLife
    @SongstaForLife 7 років тому +219

    I like how you stare into my soul as you play that sax.

  • @mqblues
    @mqblues 8 років тому +77

    My dad was a tenor player and used to warm up on charts in this fashion -- and until viewing your lesson -- I didn't realize what a helpful exercise it is -- was -- will be. I just thought he was noodling and trying to get his breath and bite together. Good stuff.

  • @matthewbrenes699
    @matthewbrenes699 7 років тому +34

    Hello, I'm actually a bass player learning how to solo. I said to myself," If want to learn how to solo well, I should learn from the masters." So I searched UA-cam for saxophone soloing lessons and came across your channel. I would like to say thank you for the valuable lessons in music that anyone can apply. Excellent job!

    • @johnny141093
      @johnny141093 7 років тому +6

      Matthew Brenes I did the opposite and found Adam Neely! Both incredible teachers!

    • @SimplyGabriel
      @SimplyGabriel 7 років тому +1

      John Pearmain I'm off to catch him... Need all the lessons I can grab from these guys

    • @davidhammers9708
      @davidhammers9708 7 років тому +1

      check out his vlog for a taste of Janek's style. i think he's a great player and has interesting thoughts on music, but in his video lessons I find he isn't always clear and can be a bit manic/ramble-y (I've watched videos on his site in the past, and I get the impression he doesn't always script his lessons too strictly. then again, you might find you like it. I highly recommend checking out Scott Devine for bass lessons/music theory

  • @lilhuge1
    @lilhuge1 7 років тому +44

    I am a first semester student at Berklee college of music. You're videos have been a great way for me to apply and solidify everything I learn in class! Very helplful! Keep up the good work man!

  • @SepiaSepiaKR
    @SepiaSepiaKR 4 роки тому +4

    This might just be the exercise I've been looking for all my life. Just by hearing you play I can already "hear" the variations and see how this might be useful for my left hand bass as well as my improv. This is some top notch content, sir.

    • @wadesharp11
      @wadesharp11 4 роки тому

      Leonardo Lanza same here!!! Ive been waaaay over playing

  • @barbarahubers-drake6222
    @barbarahubers-drake6222 7 років тому +2

    Again another thank you. I did your three note lick pattern over A Train and I finally learned the changes because I could hear them. I haven't been able to take my nose out of the music previously; but, this made sense and it helped my ear. Appreciate the help!

  • @joelpierson2628
    @joelpierson2628 7 років тому +7

    It's like economy of words in writing. I have noticed how some players seem to use their notes sparingly, easy finger movements and they sound good! Great tip. Thanks Jeff.

  • @irishmuso7129
    @irishmuso7129 8 років тому +33

    Exactly what guitar players need to know. Excellent stuff sir!

    • @JeffSchneiderMusic
      @JeffSchneiderMusic  8 років тому +1

      Happy to hear it! Please let me know if you have any questions!

    • @wadesharp11
      @wadesharp11 4 роки тому

      Irish Muso agreed great lesson, really helps the swing

  • @anwyllonmusic
    @anwyllonmusic 7 років тому +10

    My biggest weakness is not communicating the changes. My improv is very much like blurting out loads of information rather than cool little melodies. Im a guitarist, and we very pattern based....It is helpful to learn from you sax folks. Thanks Jeff.

  • @kewlfonz
    @kewlfonz 5 років тому +1

    These semi-tones below the target notes are called chromatic lower neighbour tones and they're VERY effective. This is one of the VERY few jazz tutorial channels on whole of UA-cam which even mentions this absolutely bread & butter jazz improv technique. Why is is this?
    Jazz licks derived from chromatic lower neighbour tones, are like the 'Chuck Berry' equivalent of jazz licks - simple but VERY effective...

  • @anthonymay7913
    @anthonymay7913 7 років тому +1

    Jeff, thank you very much for this. Up to now I've worked any half way decent improvisation from internalising the melody to a degree that I can't play it wrong so when I stray I always know my way back. That was fine but I was always thinking melody. This has given me a way to work from the changes when I normally find trying to play arpeggios over changes too fast for me. This is the step I needed right now and I'm very grateful for your video. Thanks, Tony.

  • @anthonydemitre9392
    @anthonydemitre9392 7 років тому +5

    ha jeff the ideas you show us are great, i can all most use them instantly ,your teaching abilities are impressive ,i like the use of chord tone numbers ,more direct than using the note names, teaching me is not easy .iv played guitar on and off since i was 18 ,i missed 20 yrs of playing, personal problems,so i'v started again 5 yrs ago and at 57 i need a good teacher and you the man

  • @skimanization
    @skimanization 7 років тому +2

    Thanks again Jeff, this is a great way to explore improvisation on a tune rather than just playing scales, and this approach kind of reminds me of saxophonists like Paul Desmond, Lee Konitz etc. It does really make sense if a musician wants to create own improvisations instead of copying others.

  • @ryancrowleymusic
    @ryancrowleymusic 6 років тому +2

    This is fantastic! Thank you for making this video, what a simple and effective way to approach improvisation. I can’t wait to try this and work to expand the ideas.

  • @marcoslyra1178
    @marcoslyra1178 8 років тому +11

    Best jazz teacher on UA-cam. This is really great. Thanks a lot, Ill try and finally fullfill the dream of improvising over the A Train. And I don't even play the Sax, at least for now lol. :)

  • @BenEller
    @BenEller 6 років тому +7

    Great lesson!!! Gonna apply this idea with my guitar students. Thanks!

    • @axeofcreation
      @axeofcreation 3 роки тому

      You can also use this while your comping chords as well. Sounds great on smaller voiced chords (triads/shell voicings)

  • @davidolahmusic
    @davidolahmusic 8 років тому +4

    Great exercise. I am so happy that my teacher is showing me very same exercises for improvisation practising like you Jeff. It is great feeling to know that you as a fantastic player and also teacher have similiar teaching techniques. That is big proof for me that I have very good personal teacher and I am practicing the right things in right way which is the most important thing :) Thanks a lot :)

    • @JeffSchneiderMusic
      @JeffSchneiderMusic  8 років тому

      Thank you, David! Glad you're getting something out of these lessons. Keep up the good work!

  • @egnater1959
    @egnater1959 8 років тому +14

    Great lesson, Jeff! have you ever done a lesson on the "bebop tail", that big interval leap downwards at the end of many typical bebop phrases?

  • @rebeccaabraham8652
    @rebeccaabraham8652 6 місяців тому

    Guitarist here - learning to play an EWI - and this is brilliant! I’ve tried it several times now - on different songs - and for some reason, I’m finding a full tone works better, to my ears - maybe down to me playing a lot of blues? Have to admit - this does sound much better playing off the other chord tones though - so I’ve got to keep practicing, as some chord changes on the guitar are starting to get painful - and it’s bad to have to stop after 20 minutes!

  • @elizabethwilkins7681
    @elizabethwilkins7681 7 років тому +1

    Excellent video and real practical advice! Thanks for posting and sharing your insights on how to get started. Keep these videos coming!

  • @nikigba
    @nikigba 3 місяці тому

    great exercise! as a beginner I'm looking for more of such building blocks to start improvising

  • @saxjonz
    @saxjonz 7 місяців тому

    I have that same mouthpiece and ligature, nice choice!

  • @DavidWilliams-gm5nr
    @DavidWilliams-gm5nr 7 років тому +1

    Holy crap. Good stuff man, I've been struggling with jazz improv for awhile now starting to lose faith in my alto and I, you explained this beautifully thank you so much

  • @motifmozart9615
    @motifmozart9615 7 років тому +2

    Great video! Easy to follow, very concrete and it's always good for students to understand the importance of knowing the chord tones!
    /musicteacher

  • @mimim8490
    @mimim8490 8 років тому +3

    Awesome video!! I study and practice with your videos so much, I'm not sure if I could ever convey how useful and important they are to me. I am so appreciative that you willingly take the time to share your extensive and ideas with all of us, so often!!

    • @JeffSchneiderMusic
      @JeffSchneiderMusic  8 років тому +1

      Mimi, your comment is so meaningful. I really appreciate it. Thanks!

  • @Ayo.Ajisafe
    @Ayo.Ajisafe 7 років тому

    Jeff. Great lesson. To all the people asking why he is playing half a step down on a dominant chord, you can chromatically approach any target note. Its a common device. You can also use an enclosure which would be something like half tone below and half above and then target note.

    • @Ayo.Ajisafe
      @Ayo.Ajisafe 7 років тому

      Jeff how would you feel about collaborating to subtitle some of your tutorials into spanish?

  • @benjaminmadsen358
    @benjaminmadsen358 8 років тому +3

    Brilliant. Thanks to you, mr. Schneider!

  • @jeffreykarbonhara2727
    @jeffreykarbonhara2727 2 роки тому

    Thanks for your videos Jeff! 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻

  • @jaykay1053
    @jaykay1053 8 років тому +1

    Fantastic strategy for getting started with a logical approach to improvising over changes on sax. Thanks!

  • @chrishercules3526
    @chrishercules3526 3 роки тому

    Great video! I knew about these exercises but I forgot about them. I will definitely try them again. Thanks for a great breakdown.

  • @wyndhl9465
    @wyndhl9465 6 років тому

    Great improv. instruction 10, which ideas I will attempt - and try to expand creatively.
    Thanks, Jeff.

  • @janymikeptz1156
    @janymikeptz1156 6 років тому

    Very helpful video, thanks for sharing this simple but effective idea.

  • @jdpater777
    @jdpater777 8 років тому

    Moving from Electric Bass to Double Bass. Beginning to move into composition/improv. Finding your videos quite helpful. Thank you, James

  • @cassiiforniaa
    @cassiiforniaa 8 років тому +2

    Always good to go back to the basics, thanks!

  • @davidgray69
    @davidgray69 7 років тому

    Hey Jeff Great lesson you simplified this area which I have found confusing. Many thanks keep the lessons going.
    Regards Dave and Talia

  • @luvpants2012
    @luvpants2012 4 роки тому +1

    I'm 50 and I'm still learning this stuff

  • @wadesharp11
    @wadesharp11 4 роки тому +1

    Your the best tutor!! Amazing i watch soooo many of yr vids/lessons. Cheers from NZ

  • @musicalbabysteps9863
    @musicalbabysteps9863 3 роки тому

    Im applying this technique to my guitar playing, this is amazing and simpl but thank you so much.

  • @randyknisely8979
    @randyknisely8979 2 роки тому

    Great lesson!

  • @rickstokes2239
    @rickstokes2239 3 роки тому +1

    Thanks for this Jeff. I’m looking at doing a T.Sax solo on Once I Loved, but the B form section has this weird kind of chromatic progression and I’m looking for ways to ‘connect’ them. Any thoughts welcome.

  • @danielabreu9264
    @danielabreu9264 8 років тому +1

    Thanks Jeff. You are amazing!

  • @csilva1964
    @csilva1964 Рік тому

    This is an awsome exercise! Congrats! Could you share the backing track?

  • @wythetrumpet6419
    @wythetrumpet6419 7 років тому

    Jeff many thanks. That is such a great approach!!!

  • @garysutton9135
    @garysutton9135 8 років тому +1

    Nice n easy to relate......thanks.....i am not a total beginner but playing along is something i haven't done much of.I have The Duke playalong so tomorrow i am into it......cheers from NZ

    • @JeffSchneiderMusic
      @JeffSchneiderMusic  8 років тому

      Thanks, Gary! Heading to NZ in a couple months actually. Where abouts are you?

    • @garysutton9135
      @garysutton9135 8 років тому

      Hey Jeff i am in Kaikoura.Whale watch capital of the world where the mountains meet the sea.Let us know when you are about.I have a couple of spare beds and/or a great Motel right next door...The Panorama Motel......with THE best views in town.

  • @RobRuthart
    @RobRuthart 7 років тому +6

    Thanks, great videos. Why are you going a half step below the root on dominant chords? (instead of a whole step) Thanks for posting.

    • @Crunkboy415
      @Crunkboy415 6 років тому +2

      It's all about the phrasing. The lower note sounds more like a passing tone between the two roots notes, so the resolve sounds "right". You don't normally want to end the phrase on the lower note.

  • @pebbles-71
    @pebbles-71 7 років тому

    wow.. such a great explanation. simple but to the point. Thank you!!!

  • @Rudimentarypenis
    @Rudimentarypenis 8 років тому +33

    Now how do you link the phrases together so it does t sound so... robotic? Whenever I try to target the chord tones it's almost like the changes are too pronounced. I don't know if that makes sense... But it almost sounds too predictable.
    For instance, on Cmaj I'll play the chords tones, C E G, then D will come around and I'm only playing D F# A, and it'll sound like it follows the chords way too closely. Maybe because the phrases are too short and only containing those chord tones?
    Any chance of doing a follow-up on this? Maybe incorporating passing tones or legato phrasing?

    • @LarryLenau
      @LarryLenau 8 років тому +13

      Now you're in the hard part of improvisation. CONNECTING THE CHORDS.

    • @keyboardheuvelrug
      @keyboardheuvelrug 8 років тому +10

      What Jeff talked about was not playing the chord tones exactly as an arpeggio but alternating them with a half step below. Then it already sounds a lot better. Next step could be trying to connect tones from succeeding chords in half steps. e.g. stepping from the g of C major chord (after you played g-f#-g) through g# to the a of the Dm chord. That kind of thing. So seek a note in the next chord that's lying near a note in the current chord and connect them with a half step if needed. Then there's more connection between your licks.

    • @Rudimentarypenis
      @Rudimentarypenis 8 років тому +1

      +keyboardheuvelrug Thanks! I'll try that.

    • @JeffSchneiderMusic
      @JeffSchneiderMusic  8 років тому +10

      It's a valid question, for sure. I would take the principle discussed in this video and incorporate some rhythmic "play" in order to avoid sounding too predictable. For instance, try starting your phrases on beats other than one. There are many ways to be creative even with limited options. Let me know how it goes, and thanks for your question!

    • @JeffSchneiderMusic
      @JeffSchneiderMusic  8 років тому

      Indeed!

  • @rogerwhybrow9762
    @rogerwhybrow9762 8 років тому +1

    Really getting a lot out of these vids Jeff, thanks so much!

  • @LadyOaksNZ
    @LadyOaksNZ 3 роки тому

    Thanks!!! I needed this. 🔥💯💯

  • @griffgriffiths7778
    @griffgriffiths7778 8 років тому +2

    Great stuff yet again! keep em coming.

  • @masonmoua9334
    @masonmoua9334 7 років тому

    Thank you SO MUCH for your videos!

  • @perrycapitani544
    @perrycapitani544 4 роки тому +1

    Very helpful, especially when you are waiting for new ideas to pop into your head during a solo.

  • @vinlander8484
    @vinlander8484 7 років тому +1

    HI Jeff great lesson, but why didn't you use b7's on the dominant and minor chords?

  • @warrenmcdonald
    @warrenmcdonald 8 років тому +1

    Great lesson thanks! Sounding good Jeff!

  • @alexandervanrose8724
    @alexandervanrose8724 3 роки тому

    Perfect example of 'less is more'. Fine lesson, thank you.

  • @austinaustin
    @austinaustin 7 років тому

    Superb! Thanks so much for these lessons my friend.

  • @rubenfernandez1151
    @rubenfernandez1151 7 років тому +1

    hey jeff i'm new to your channel and I've found allot of information in your videos very helpfull, i still have a confusion with the modes and modal improvisation, i ca'nt seem to get it together when im improvising

  • @Chronic.Pivoter
    @Chronic.Pivoter 4 роки тому

    Thirds and sevenths are the most important notes within seventh chords.
    You could theoretically do this exercise with note bending as opposed to proper fingering (I haven't tried, but it should be fine).

  • @ianjohnson4987
    @ianjohnson4987 8 років тому +1

    Excellent - thanks. Subscribed

  • @torekholm9542
    @torekholm9542 7 років тому +6

    Why do you play a half step below the root on the D7 and not down to the b7?
    Why does it not sound more dissonant?
    Amazing videos btw! Best teaching Ive seen in music!

    • @etrcentenario9737
      @etrcentenario9737 5 років тому

      I'm not an expert in Jazz, but I'm assuming he's using a Lydian scale over the D7 which still has the natural 7.

    • @brickmotionproductions798
      @brickmotionproductions798 5 років тому

      @@etrcentenario9737 you sound like an expert to me lol

    • @gtpinter
      @gtpinter 5 років тому

      1/2 step approach voice leading

  • @peterdrake5156
    @peterdrake5156 5 років тому +2

    HI Jeff - could you do this with Summertime (my all time fave jazz track!)?

  • @saxmankid
    @saxmankid 8 років тому +14

    Hi Jeff, U R a natural born teacher!

  • @nomonkeymind
    @nomonkeymind 7 років тому

    I just want to thank you for your great materials!

  • @joeysung311
    @joeysung311 7 років тому +1

    No way I'm going to subscribe before I've watched the actual video!

  • @ruslanperu610
    @ruslanperu610 7 років тому +7

    Amazing! Best lesson on UA-cam!

  • @JeppeJazzHarmonica
    @JeppeJazzHarmonica 2 роки тому

    Q: On dominant chords, would you go chromatic or diatonic down from the root? Like Fminor7 - Tonic would be the Eb (key Bb) but chromatic would be E.

  • @philippmai4897
    @philippmai4897 3 роки тому

    That's really cool - so simple and effective. I wish I had seen this lesson years ago :-) !

  • @daltonfreire6328
    @daltonfreire6328 6 років тому

    Cool... I'm gonna practice it at gig tonight. I'll use it in a song called Só danço samba (The jazz and samba)
    It has the same chord changes... Maybe Tom Jobim was inspired in Duke Ellington when he composed it! Thanks, again!

  • @SoulzStealer01
    @SoulzStealer01 8 років тому

    Subbed to your channel, I'm learning guitar, but the information you're putting across is very relevant, thanks a mil Jeff. :)

  • @lolobuggah2670
    @lolobuggah2670 7 років тому

    Jeff, you da man! Simple yet effective!

  • @tammanaq
    @tammanaq Місяць тому

    Thank you!

  • @stucknote
    @stucknote 3 роки тому

    Questions : how about one tone distance using the same concept ?
    Must it match the Chord ? For example C major 7 to use C, B, C ?
    And C7 to use C. Bb, C ?
    Or it doesn't matter ?

  • @coachwillridley1374
    @coachwillridley1374 7 років тому

    love this method making gains
    appreciate your videos hey so which video is best to follow and start on?

  • @beckcity16
    @beckcity16 7 років тому +7

    Wow!! I wish I had you as a teacher 20 years ago

  • @alexnelson09
    @alexnelson09 4 роки тому

    I like how your embouchure relaxes and collapses after each phrase

  • @dealer205
    @dealer205 7 років тому

    Great teacher!

  • @mr.b89
    @mr.b89 7 років тому

    Which one of your videos would be a good start to just learning how to properly understand chords, chord changes, and all of that sort of thing?

  • @sccheng9444
    @sccheng9444 7 років тому

    very cool. easy to follow, very useful

  • @greglees4011
    @greglees4011 7 років тому

    very groovy concept. Thank you!

  • @Saxophonelady
    @Saxophonelady Рік тому

    I play over backing tracks that do not include lead sheets . How do I begin to improv once I know the key the tune is in ? Is there a sequence of chords once I know the key?

  • @luekiernestbaby6898
    @luekiernestbaby6898 2 роки тому

    Thank you very much

  • @eddiekent1997
    @eddiekent1997 2 роки тому

    Practice. Thank you Hope to find your chord chart

  • @theoneandonlyvera
    @theoneandonlyvera 8 років тому +1

    Hey Jeff, I find it difficult to improvise when I'm thinking too hard about chords, notes, scales etc. that I'm meant to be using. Do you (or anyone else for that matter) have any tips for improving your intuition while soloing? Is it a matter of just improving your aural skills or is it a much deeper feeling that develops with more practice?
    I really want to be able to play purposeful solos *sigh*

    • @JeffSchneiderMusic
      @JeffSchneiderMusic  8 років тому

      Hi Veronika, It take practice and experience do get comfortable with all of that theory. Keep working at it, and it will get easier. Remember, at the end of the day, you want to be playing what you hear in your head. You can always go back to singing and then playing what you sing. That's always a good way to get centered. Best of luck!

  • @robchristopher7718
    @robchristopher7718 7 років тому

    Genius bro!! Apprecitate You and the videos.

  • @ranielyfire
    @ranielyfire 8 років тому +1

    good video! do you have any videos of you playing through standards or any tunes for that matter? I really like your playing!

    • @JeffSchneiderMusic
      @JeffSchneiderMusic  8 років тому

      I'll be posting some more of my playing on UA-cam soon. Thanks for watching!

  • @freshlysqueezedaesthetics2942
    @freshlysqueezedaesthetics2942 6 років тому +1

    I might try this with Straight No Chaser since there are only three chord changes.

  • @benjaminmalone1428
    @benjaminmalone1428 6 років тому +6

    why would you do a maj7 on a maj-min chord?

    • @jcbrown-music
      @jcbrown-music 5 років тому

      spicy jazz. also passing tones work

    • @jcbrown-music
      @jcbrown-music 5 років тому

      @@thebeatcreeper no it doesnt. It has a minor 7. Its called a major-minor, or a dominant 7th, because it refers to the major triad and then the minor 7th on top

    • @jcbrown-music
      @jcbrown-music 5 років тому +1

      @@thebeatcreeper Its just two different names for the same chord. We typically call it a Dom7, but major-minor sort of defines it explicitly. It helps to not confuse it with a minor-minor (minor 7th) or a minor-diminished (half diminished 7th)

  • @pierrerabot7438
    @pierrerabot7438 3 роки тому

    Thanks Jeff. Great lesson. But when you have in same bar an Ami7 and a D7#9, what would you suggest I do?

  • @mackenziebowles2443
    @mackenziebowles2443 7 років тому +2

    stupid question but does this only work in certain scales or 'jazz scales'?

    • @luchadorito
      @luchadorito 5 років тому

      Mackenzie Bowles You can use this in any style and over any scale however it will sound somewhat jazzy. By stepping down a half step you are creating a sense of motion but you aren’t highlighting the 7th in all chords so you are breaking away from the scale anyways. In the A section the C chord is a major chord so you would typically extend it with a major 7th(a B natural) so the half step up from the root is in the scale. However all the other chords from the A section (D7, Dm7, G7) have dominant 7th so you are outside of the scale anyways with that half step up.

  • @jeffwheaton3988
    @jeffwheaton3988 6 років тому

    This is really helpful!

  • @davidgray69
    @davidgray69 7 років тому

    My second viewing for this great lesson....... Do you publish any lesson notes so I can keep up? Many thanks Dave

  • @xasma
    @xasma 8 років тому +2

    Are there any videos anywhere of you playing standards ?

  • @Saxophonelady
    @Saxophonelady 4 роки тому

    Thankyou so much. I have a little question please. If I am in a jazz ensemble. And say I have chords to solo over on my alto sax, are those chords on the sheet in front of me already transposed for my horn? Thankyou!!

  • @robertduis6730
    @robertduis6730 3 роки тому

    Mr. Jeff Schneider => Where can I find a solo made by yourself?

  • @orestfilipov4000
    @orestfilipov4000 7 років тому

    Great job Man!!!! Interesting thing) I have the same setup on tenor)))) except reeds - i'm using rico royal)

  • @idigfusion9152
    @idigfusion9152 7 років тому

    Nice concept.

  • @greenflare3125
    @greenflare3125 6 років тому

    Hello Jeff. I'm doing this for yardbird suite, but I was wondering. When it was a 7 chord, wouldn't you have to play a flat 7? I'm not sure because in this you play the major 7 but it still sounded great.

  • @lehlohonolopeega1721
    @lehlohonolopeega1721 7 років тому

    an effective way for beginners good job

  • @tomesposito7482
    @tomesposito7482 7 років тому

    cool how when you drop a half step it works and the note is outside the scale. tommy

  • @kennethball6773
    @kennethball6773 7 років тому

    great videos Jeff what method book do you recommend?