Genetic Engineering

Explore an intro to genetic engineering with The Amoeba Sisters. This video provides a general definition, introduces some biotechnology tools that can be used in genetic engineering, and discusses some related vocabulary (such as plasmid, vector, transformation, transgenic, and more). CRISPR is also mentioned; expand to see further reading to explore more. To see more Amoeba Sisters biotechnology related videos, visit • Biotechnology
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Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:51 Genetic Engineering Defined
2:01 Insulin Production in Bacteria
3:55 Some Vocab
4:20 Vectors & More
5:25 CRISPR
6:40 Genetic Engineering Uses
7:30 Ethics
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Factual References:
Clark, M. A., Douglas, M., & Choi, J. (2018, March 18). 17.1 Biotechnology - Biology 2e | OpenStax. Openstax.org. openstax.org/books/biology-2e...
Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.
Zedalis, J., & Eggebrecht, J. (2018, March 8). 17.1 Biotechnology - Biology for AP® Courses | OpenStax. Openstax.org. openstax.org/books/biology-ap...
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FURTHER READING:
Note: our description is limited in characters; we encourage you to keep exploring beyond these recommendations!
*GFP and fluorescence?
embryo.asu.edu/pages/green-fl...
*This link has a great bacterial transformation exploration!
openoregon.pressbooks.pub/mhc...
*How is genetic engineering (which video focuses on) & gene therapy (which video doesn't mention) DIFFERENT? --- this also talks about using viruses:
medicine.missouri.edu/centers...
*Includes charts of different cells used to produce biopharmaceuticals:
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
*History of synthesizing growth factor (interesting!)
americanhistory.si.edu/blog/2...
*Genetically engineered plants and...
**Pollutants in air or soils:
www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-r...
www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-r...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/1...
**Climate change mitigation?
doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.202...
*Genetically Engineered Chickens and Avian Influenza Resistance?doi.org/10.3390/v10100561http...
*Genetically Engineered Mice:
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NB...
*More on CRISPR:
medlineplus.gov/genetics/unde...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
**Book recommendation:
"The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race" by Walter Isaacson
ETHICAL ISSUES:
*What is bioethics? (from Michigan State University)
bioethics.msu.edu/what-is-bio...
*CRISPR and Gene Editing Ethical Issues:
doi.org/10.21775/cimb.026.103
www.genome.gov/about-genomics... concerns
*Agriculture:
www.nature.com/scitable/topic...
*Animals:
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
GENETIC ENGINEERING AS A CAREER:
The US Bureau of Labor Statistics puts genetic engineering in the category of bioengineers: www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-...
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The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. Amoeba Sisters videos only cover concepts that Pinky is certified to teach, and they focus on her specialty: secondary life science. Learn more about our videos here: www.amoebasisters.com/our-videos
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Is it possible to become a bio mechanic engineer who studies genetics and cells? Sorry if this is a weird question as I am only a freshman in high school.

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[@Foxtrot12345]

As someone who's looking into learning more about genetic engineering for the sake of wildlife conservation, this is a great video to start with. I understand the ethical part of it; though hearing about the Takhi Horse foals that were cloned is pretty fascinating and something that can be done with other critically endangered species as well.

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Ohhhh THATS how Genetic Engineering works! Why does everybody else not explain it this simply and well??

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1:28 love the green eggs and ham reference !!

[@smilingcrow756]

I really like that last panel after the 'Stay Curious'. It might've been just a little joke, but it's actually an interesting genetic engineering phenomenon.
Just the other day, in my bioengineering grad course, we learned about metabolic loads in GMO development. That is, if you load a bug (microbe) up with lots and lots of foreign plasmids and DNA, the bug has to expend lots of energy and resources into replicating those DNA regions, producing those proteins, and all the other things we want the bug to do that's not necessary for its survival.
Basically, it can overburden the cell, like the cell in the panel carrying a huge backpack full of plasmid bottles. This forces the cell to "drop" DNA plasmids on its own, grow much much slower than the natural cell, or die as other cells out-compete it for food and resources. So geneticists have to be careful or clever in how they incorporate their genes into a cell.
Very cool stuff, thank you for making this video!

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0:17

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