Persian Empire Vs Athens: Battle of Marathon 490 BC | Cinematic
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- Опубліковано 17 чер 2023
- #Cinematic #grecopersianwars
The Battle of Marathon took place in 490 BC during the first Persian invasion of Greece. It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes. The battle was the culmination of the first attempt by Persia, under King Darius I, to subjugate Greece.
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The Achaemenid Empire was the largest empire in history at the time, so the Greeks being able to defeat them on several occasions (Marathon, Salamis, Plataea) is pretty impressive to me. Pound for pound, the hoplites seemed to be great soldiers, and their use of the phalanx was quite effective. The Persians were also really hurt by not having their cavalry here!
Yeah it really begs the question why didn't the Persians make good heavy infantry units?
@@64standardtrickyness creating and training proper heavy infantry is expensive, much moreso than just hiring other Greeks to be your heavy infantry
Probably has something to do with environmental and logistical conditions etc: the persian empire is in a hotter climate than greece, and they were moving their armies all over the place to expand their borders everywhere. Considering they had tens if not hundreds of thousands of men in their military, lightly arming them with wicker shields etc would have been a lot easier, and it's possible that their training was not as extensive as well. Keep in mind that longer training doesnt always produce more effective militaries: the romans spent only a few months training raw recruits, meanwhile the "barbarians" in gaul and germania had warriors who had been training since childhood, yet the roman style of fighting was much more efficient and didnt really require that much skill from the individual soldier, more discipline than skill.
So even if persian training was shorter than greek training, they could still be effective which is why their empire was so vast. It just couldnt match up to Greece during that war.
@@64standardtrickyness Well the persians were just collecting units from here and there while the greeks had a more sophisticated
As Winston Churchill said, "Hence we will not say that Greeks fight like heroes, but heroes fight like Greeks."
Bullshit whatever comes out of a British mouth
12:24 Blud got stabbed in the nuts 💀
Bro his face 😂💀
So true
this video is very cool, I have to give a thumbs up😊👍
Remember being educated about this battle in school. It was called the pincer movement.
I agree the Athenians planned for the Persians to push through the centre louring the Persians in to think they were winning but in reality they were being set up so the Athenians could flank them on both sides a very brave and clever plan👏 the reason the Persians didn’t us cavalry was because the ground was too bumpy and rocky for horses and the Athenians knew that 👏 the mighty Spartans did turn up a day or two after and were very impressed by the Athenians victory and the runner that run to Athens shouting victory before collapsing and dying on the spot had previously run to Sparta for help in the battle and that’s how the marathon was created in honour of the battle of marathon. I hope there’s one on here of the battle of plateau as that’s when around 5000 Spartans apparently annihilated around 70.000 to 120.000 Persians along with the Athenians 💥
@@markhook9449 think your thinking of Thermopylae on that last sentence
@@awesomeaiden53srandomstuff53 that battle was king leonidas & 300 Spartans and a few thousand Greeks from different city states Thermopylae was before plateau . Think it was called battle of plateau where the Greeks finally finished of the Persians for good and according to history if true the Spartans went blood drunk crazy and annihilated around 70000 or more Persians single handed . I did see this on UA-cam a few years ago and if I find it will post the link on here
Hello , please allow me to add some fun facts for everyone that doesn’t know .After the battle an Athenian runner run back to announce the outcome of the battle and drop dead from exhaustion. The 42.000 meters distance run from Marathon to Athens was later on added to the Olympic Games . The Lakedemons , later known as Spartans did arrive there but a day after the battle and were "shocked" from what they saw and of course by their "rivals" achievement. Also each and every name of the 192 dead (These were only the Athenians if I recall correct ) was curved around the four fronds and as an honor to the 3d Parthenon in line that was rebuilt some years letter , the second Parthenon in the acropolis was destroyed by the Persians during the second invasion of "Greece" 10 years letter , at 480- 479 BC .
This was a one of, if not the biggest battle that established of what we now know today as the western civilization.
Well said. Thanks!
That’s the Greek bias and language that you have grown up with. Western civilization is as Persian, if not more, than it is Greek (see Tom Holland, University of Oxford, and the recent discussion at London University).
Medieval Europe was Iranian almost in totality. They looked Persian in the way of long hairs and beards, and dress with long bejeweled “wide-opened” sleeve garments worn by women, trousers and the multi-coloured tops, the adoption of Persian heavy armoured warriors (see rock carvings of Khosrow II) and customs (the knight or the chevalier) and consequently jousting and the concept of the duel, the Parthian feudal system, the arched gates and entrances, the tradition of royal hunting and numerous court etiquettes, the windmill, the adoption of horse as a means of transportation, Coloured-glass art, in literature a particular Persian tale being the inspiration for Romeo & Juliet, and most importantly the belief in one God, heaven and hell, Angeles and demons, and judgement day, from Zoroastrianism passed on to Christianity. To top it off, the Canon of Medicine, the world’s first medical encyclopedia, by Avicenna and Khawrizmi’s “Algebra” served as the sole educational books in Medieval Europe for 500 years during the Dark Ages.
There was no trace of Greek geometry, nor Zeus or Nike. Nor Greek or Roman costumes, the chiton or the toga, or the open sandal.
There was Greek philosophy studies by the elite, and mythos to a lesser extent, but it was overshadowed by Celtic and Scandinavian lore. Both latter groups were closer culturally to the Iranians (themselves Indo-Europeans) than to the Mediterranean basin (compare the Persian Yalda to Yule).
Tell me again how Greece started the Western civilization? I’m puzzled.
Let’s lay off these old racist tropes and wishful fantasies and realize how complex history is/was.
@@zmmz1238 Comparing mathematics and democracy to clothes, windmills and hairstyles.
Чушь....безграмотные ....людишки....особенно : заложили западную цивилизацию....западноприводная Европа , это ваша цивилизация....
@@zmmz1238everything is about Greek civilization even today don't be jealous...
Spannend bis zum Schluss und äusserst lehrreich! Die Stimmung ist auch grossartig!
Nice Video buddy as usual. I love such videos so much wherr Greeks are fighting against Persians🤩
It was the Persian custom to put their best troops in the center of their battle formation and put their inferior troops on the flanks. It was the Greek custom to put their best troops on the right flank and their second best troops on the left flank and put their most inferior troops in the center. This helps explain why the Persians were able to force the Greeks back in the center while the Greeks were victorious on the flanks. Ancient battles were usually won on the flanks.
Not custom strategy it the right name
Great video. You did a great job of visually showing what happened. I know the Battle of Marathon quite well because I have read and studied many battles from Ancient Greece, but this video is a great way to learn how the Athenians won this battle, especially for visual learners like myself. The way you visually showed it made it very easy to understand what happened and how the Athenians won the battle. Great job! 👍
Very good battle, the strategy applied was very effective, but brutal as well...well correlated video :)
NICE 👌👌❤❤
The most impressive portion of this video, in my opinion, is the sound design. Deserves an Oscar.
Well done. Great cinematography.
Thanks buddy
What fantastic graphics....you could actually imagine that that you were there! The historical information is fascinating.....a great insight into what really happened! Just brilliant!
Underrated channel
Amazing!!! God I love the greeks please more 🙏
INDISTINGUISHABLE ASPECTS OF THE MARATHON BATTLE ua-cam.com/video/xG45EVQYybo/v-deo.html
Looking at it from a strategic sense the Greeks battle line and not taking a more defensive posture was frankly against all tactical reasoning. Guess they just *really* wanted it.
To be more specific according to Herodotus: Τhe Persian Forces were much more than 25.000,approximately 70.000 up to 80.000 or so.The Battle equivalent forces Greeeks vs Persians was 1 to 7 or 8.
I wouldn't trust Herodotus that much.
@@theonlygoodlookinghabsburg2081 and who you would trust alternative??? Is there another historian equivalent to Herodotus to describe in details the battle of Marathon??
@@konospapadopoulos6858 It's not that simple, you cannot base your entire conception of a complex event based on the writing of a single historian. If it were that simple then the study of history would be the simplest and easiest discipline; all you'd have to do would be to find texts by historians and believe their narratives. And if they happen to have contrasting narratives, you pick the one that is supported by the many. That would be ridiculous.
The study of history relies on physical evidence (archeological findings) and textual evidence (administrative documents, historians' narratives, literary texts, etc). The narrative given by a historian is but one piece of the puzzle. And remember, texts do not reflect reality, they reflect the writer's perception of said reality. In fact, I would argue they don't even necessarily reflect the writer's own perceptions that accurately. Texts have a life of their own.
Ајде не дрчи се толико, Херодот је фабриковао "резултат" борбе!!! Друга ствар, Персијанци нису слали у борбу балетане него су имали добре борце и стратеге, у противном не би држали цели Малоазијски подконтинент под својом контролом !!!
I am new ( late starter) to computer war gaming with Rome Total War, I would like to enquire whether the mechanics of making such video re-enactments of battles can be constructed by anyone owning the game ? What else would be required and would one need to purchase any further software ? My apologies for such a newbie question however I would very much like to try my hand at this .
I would just say that you only need rome 2 total war on steam and then dig through the workshop for mods you may like. Then experiment with custom battles and save the replay of that battle and then play that replay and you can freely focus on whichever part of the battle.
Even allowing for the fact that there is not much in the way of detailed evidence about how this battle unfolded enough is known to point out the errors in your (well intentioned) video. The Persian cavalry most definitely did not re-embark before the battle, they were very much involved. The elite units of the Persian army along with their cavalry were the center of the Persian army. The Greeks deliberately thinned out their center hoping to attract the Persians on to it. They did this because in pretending to be routed the Greeks lured the pursuing Persians into the lesser marsh of the Marathon plain. It worked. The Persians became bogged (sorry for the pun) down in the marsh and the slaughter commenced. The Greek hoplites on either flank dealt with the much less formidable forces opposing them before wheeling to assist in the slaughter in the center. The majority of the Greeks then turned to finish the job which is when the rout took hold of the Persians. Too, the Greeks were not encamped on the plain like the Persians, they were camped on the heights overlooking the Brexiza Pass which was the only route to Athens available to a large army. Cheers!
Spartan soldier: We are arrived!! where are the medos?
"A parrot scratch in the background"
Spartan soldier: Oh Damn it :c
Anything head on against a Phalanx is usually a very very bad deal.
Even the Romans who were veterans of the Punic wars were not going to defeat a phalanx head on. Instead utilizing mobile infantry cohorts and maniples with war elephants helped to attack the weak flanks of phalanx lines thereby ending the Greek style of warfare for good
nope it returned medieval times
@@TheJarric well technically yes but for the Roman and ancient world it was for good.
Up until the late Roman period at least where the Romans became more of a mini phalanx with 2 to 3m spears
The only honor of the Westerners is the pride of Herodotus' false stories, please read the Persian sources as well.
@@SADEG66dream on
Un très bon moment visuel .Merci .
Incredible
May I ask what OST specifically from Total War Saga Troy did you use at the last part of the video? Thanks.
I can’t recall what it’s called just search up Troy full soundtrack and you won’t miss it 👌
For those who want to know, it's "The Pastures of Argos, The Women of Achaea" or "Wine-Dark Seas". :)
based on the birth records that have been found, Athens at that time had 20,000-25,000 armed men and 5,000-7,000 light infantry. The Persians could not have campaigned with only 25,000 soldiers...
Athena was great you never surrender until death, Blessed Be.
There is a grave difference between real historical events and the myths surrounding them. Greeks were so great at exaggerating the events in their favor! As no one can deny or confirm the reality all I can say, as the one who read both sides of the story, is that the Persians were much more interested in the developed places to invade and the whole Greek cities compared to other places at the time such as a Babylon Assyria, Egypt, etc. was like a small village. Nevertheless, the Greeks were a powerful and smart nation and managed to civilize Europe perfectly well. So Western society really owes them too much!!
Herodotus was not a historian in modem terms. He recorded history in a way he thought pleasing for his audience.
Fact accuracy came later, during the Peloponessian war with Thucidides. Plus, the Greeks of that era were thrilled because tiny and fractured Greece had devastated the world's only super power in the battlefield and who can blame them for exaggerating?
The Persians attacked Athens because the Athenians helped the Ionian Greeks In Asia Minor revolt againt the Persian Empire. What we think of as Classical Greece started around the time of the Persian invasions and ended with the Macedonian Era, which ironically also ended the Persian Empire
Half the Persian fleet sailed toward Athens. Half stayed at Marathon. The Persians did this to force the Greeks to attack, and they did attack. It isn't something "unknown" , Herodotus himself had written about it. BTW, he was actually THERE. Get the damn facts straight!
@@WarAndHistory. learn your history before making videos dumbass! The Greeks had to attack because the persian fleet was rounding cape sounion and then to descend upon Athens. The Greeks attacked the Persians at Marathon because there was no choice. Their intention was to attack, beat the Persians , return to Athens. After they beat the Persians , they DOUBLE TIMED it back to Athens (26 miles). Shortly after they arrived at Athens, the Persian fleet was amazed to see the same Greeks that they saw at Marathon, except this time the Greeks held such a dominating position along the coast that the Persians were unable to disembark from their ships and had to leave. You're welcome!
💯
The voice is an *excellent* likeness of the narrator from Rome 2. Is it AI-generated or a human reader?
AI
Muy interesante. 👍
Persia: “The Kingdom of Heaven & Hell”
My last article:
“What one makes of varying narrations on the ancient Persians is best left to the reader, however, this author has endeavoured to present a fresh, new perspective”
In many ways Persia was the West. And its diffusive legacy is partially carried today in an impressive manner by the West (albeit in silence), to the point that maybe - maybe - the West is more Persian than Greek (see the recent discussion at “London University by Senior Research Fellow, Dr. Tom Holland, U of Oxford; for further studies see also, Dr. Richard Frye at Harvard; Professor Patrick Hunt at Stanford, and Prof. Maria Brosius, author of “The Persians” and lecturer at Queens College at Oxford University; and finally preeminent research by Dr. Gernot Windfur at the university of Michigan; lastly Dr. Barry Strauss, Hellenistic studies, Cornel University).
At the very least, “its [Persia’s] global influence”, “matches that of Athens, certainly surpasses Sparta’s” (Holland, T., author of “Robicon: The Triumph and Tragedy of the Roman Republic”).
The Persians who lay the foundation for Christianity via Zoroastrianism, also invented the notion of chivalry (and consequently jousting, the heavy armoured knights, and the concept of the duel passed on to Medieval Europe), the raising of one’s right hand as an oath and during an swearing-in ceremony, the concept of majesty and the halo (hvarna) around an important figure’s head, the very basic, primitive and an ancient version of what we’d call today the rights of men, which includes religious and cultural freedom and in general a sort of refusal to enslave the subject populations (see “The Edict of Cyrus”; also the Jewish liberation during the Babylonian captivity in the Old Testament; also Josephus, History of The Jews).
Persia - one of history’s first Caucasian nations to settle in Asia, along with their distant Indo-European cousins the Ionian Greeks (who settled in Asia Minor), or according to Dr. Frye, “the Europeans of the East”, was also the first superpower to use force of arms to provide security for a group of other nations.
Cyrus the Great used his might to liberate the Jews held captive in Babylon. Decades earlier as the Torah testifies, longing for their homeland and being “teased for it by their captors” ,”The Jews cried by the river of Babylon”. It is said that when in 537 BC news came of their emancipation, the Jewish tribes broke into spontaneous songs of celebration and joy. A scene that would not be repeated till millennia later when President Abraham Lincoln freed the Southern slaves.
As the late Prof. David Stronach succinctly wrote, “For the first time in human history, Cyrus used his great powers to lift, not degrade the human condition”.
One can safely assume that despite their many imperfections, Persia and the United States were not, and are not your typical superpowers.
But according to Prof. Emeritus Richard Frye of Harvard, one of the biggest “contributions the Persians made to the modern world, is the idea of a secular government, free of religious influence”. This is despite the discoveries made at the palace of Pasargsde that shows two fire alters adjoining its para-disia (the walled, or open, garden behind a reflective pool; eg., as seen at the Palace of Versailles, and The White House). The alters have religious significance and are indications of the Zoroastrian symbol of light and purity (fire), as well as for ceremonial purposes. One such ceremony would be when the newly sworn king would uphold a written “Contract” while standing at a pedestal directly across from the marble alter containing the “eternal flame”, and swore to uphold the contract by law (usually containing specifics on how to allow for religious tolerance, and protect the peoples of the empire, including pacifying the Eastern and Western fronts and securing farm-lands from marauders).
The notion of the Contract, a sacred Iranian and proto-Iranian cultural tradition, was associated with the Sun-God Mithra (also God of Justice ) whom was incorporated (although demoted) onto a diety when prophet Zoroaster on a Spring day next to a river (in the first documented case of baptism), created the world’s first monotheistic religion via a “revelation by a Light” that spoke to him, declaring that there are no multiple deities or Gods (eg., Zeus, Nike, Aphrodite, and Marduk), rather there is only one Supreme Being, and “We are all created in his image”. The religion decreed that, the World is divided between Good and Evil, Light and Darkness, and The Truth vs. Deceit - and thusly it is, “only up to us to choose between them”. The cosmic battle was said to be headed by Spenta Mainu (the Splendid Mind) on one side, and Angra Mainu (the Angry One) at the opposing end.
Zoroaster also reveled that in end we will be judged by our actions, and that there will come a time when there will be an Armageddon, ushering the coming of a Saoshiant (Saviour). In the story of humanity, such language was unheard of previously.
Continues…
It might also have been in Zoroastrianism that we are first introduced to the existence of Adam and Eve dueling in para-daeisa (later. “The Garden of Eden”).
However, Mithra, later the Mithraic cult (a much varied version of the Persian religion passed on to the Romans via Greece) not only continued to play a crucial role in Persian ideology despite the acceptance of monotheistic/dualistic doctrines of Zoroaster, it also possibly concluded, since a contract is between two willing people, and a slave is not a willing participant, then slavery was to be null (a sin). In Persia thus was formed, history’s first quasi, something resembling an, the first sparks of, an anti-slavery movement.
Although it must be emphasized that the Persians did NOT ban slavery through out their large territories, and it may have well existed sporadically in the country itself, but it’s likely slavery as a rule was not widespread in Iran. It might partly have been that the mere concept of bondage was somewhat foreign to a peoples enduring a hard way of life in the mountainous regions of Kazakhstan, modern Afghanistan, and the trying steppe of modern Southern Russia. Once settled, the Persians did however have a set of their own ideologies, much of which came from the aforementioned Mithraic and Zoroastrian beliefs. Various sources collaborate “the rescue” of the exiled Jews as Prof. Bernard Lewis at Princeton puts it, as well as the fact that under Cyrus the Persians did free a few other tribes in the regions they annexed. So we must consider these sources also.
As Dr. Tom Holland opined in his second debut, “Persian Fire”, had the Achaemenids taken a detour and marched into Sparta after much cost and maneuvering defeating Leonidas and the Spartan hoplites, it would have been a victory for the helots, its subjugated serf-like population.
As a last note on slavery in Persia,
concubines, eunuchs, servants and other laborours were not on par with slaves, and were mostly not held against their will as we would define it today. It was more of rigid societal obligations and norms, yet with clear class differences. Something that still continues to this day in modern Iran.
There is a dearth of literal or physical evidence that would show great number of populations were deported to Achaemenid Persia. Although the captivity of prisoners of war in Persia can be estimated to be in tens of thousands. The war prisoners were soldiers and those rebels who had made military campaigns against the empire; for the most part civilians were spared, as it went against the Persian ancient notions of chivalry, something mentioned several times in this article. Regardless, the rebellions were dealt with at times with diplomacy, at others, a very heavy-hand.
The bottom line? There was no institutional slavery per se that we could decipher (at least for now) in a definitive manner in Persia proper, and certainly not by ancient standards. There appears to be mention of the “kurtas” in the Persepolis Royal Records that refers to a great many foreign population in Parsa, that might be taken to mean slaves, as well as prisoners of war and tributaries from vanquished nations, although even that stirs confusion: “In the Elamite version of the Behistun inscription kurtaš is the equivalent of Old Persian māniya-(in the Babylonian version it is rendered with a term meaning “hired laborers”).” (see Kent, Old Persian, p.202).”
Privately-owned slavery in mainland Iran as well, as noted, seems frustratingly difficult to assess. There appears to be “scant” evidence of it occurring, but it’s uncommpn, and the single written evidence we have on it is a receipt of a slave-sell during the reign of Darius I, that involves a female slave, her owners and a Babylonian buyer. The seller and the slave “seem to be of Iranian decent”. The rest of the contracts of a number of slave-trades from the Persepolis records indicate all other sellers and buyers were Babylonians.
In all, the harsh survivalist lifestyles and struggles of the Parsis in general might have contributed to a society were all abled-bodies were to participate in daily chores and labour and the defense of the land against raiders and neighbouring tribes, including girls as much as the boys. From this “all-hands on deck” cultural existence a sort of unintentional equality among classes and genders emerged, where mastery over another was not economically significant, nor could its expensive luxurious notions be afforded.
Such mild to tolerant behavior displayed by the Persians nonetheless in general was unexpected in the ancient past, and even up to a certain period, in the modern world. When one thinks of Rome, besides a great civilization, and a colossal empire, one also thinks of unhinged cruelty; perhaps with Sparta, one thinks of brutality; the kind that leaves a bruise on one’s psyche even thinking about it; and with Assyria, an empire decades before the arrival of the Indo-European tribes (the Persians) onto written history, iron-clad ruthlessness. The culprit for all three civilizations was: sadism. While the House of Achaemenids from Darius onwards were surely capable of crushing descent, and the extremely harsh treatment of their fellow man, this was generally confined to military combat, and/or quelling rebellions, as several wars prisoners were often relocated and separated from their point of origin. For the most part however, the civilians were unharmed. The savagery of antiquity cannot be underestimated due to mere passage of time. A departure from that was a welcomed change. Persia it seems did not have the desire, unlike what Ceasar did to the Dacians for example, to commit genocide, or partake in antiquity’s, “victor’s justice” - for the winner: a right to pillage, enslave, and plunder.
In the Cyrus Cylinder, whether shrewd politics, or religious enlightenment, or both, or perhaps somewhere in-between, trying to convey his “message”, Cyrus makes one thing clear, the most repeated word in the Cylinder’s text: Peace.
“My vast army marched into Babylon in peace; I did not permit anyone to frighten the people of [Sumer] /and\ Akkad.
[25] I sought the welfare of the city of Babylon and all its sacred centers. As for the citizens of Babylon, [x x x upon wh]om henote imposed a corvée which was not the gods' wish and not befitting them,
[26] I relieved their weariness and freed them from their service. Marduk, the great lord, rejoiced over [my good] deeds.” (The Cyrus Cylinder, Babylon, 539 BC)
It ever-so is bewildering then that millennia later, in the same region (now modern Iraq) the fundamentalist group, Isis’s emergence, much like a sandstorm, would not only set the clock backwards to centuries earlier, but who’s cruelty would parallel that of the ancient empires of Mesopotamia, namely that of Assyria’s. Dr. Tom Holland who both as a historian, and an author witnessed the plight of the Yazidis, writes,
"Yazidis [were] shot and thrown like refuse into pits; men and boys beheaded in front of their families; girls as young as eight subjected to [assault]; beatings; forced conversions; torture; slavery. In a camp I visited, a woman who had been [assaulted] for an entire year, then shot in the head when her owner grew tired of her, then finally sold back to her husband, lay curled in a foetal ball in a makeshift tent, rocking and moaning to herself."
The resistance group that formed in the aftermath of ISIS, compromising of an all-female military units of the nomadic Kurds, who are in essence ancient peoples of Iran, perhaps with ties to the Medes, were the direct descendants of the Amazons - for centuries thought of as Greek mythos, but thanks to modern archeology in the Kurgan regions of Southern Russia revealing royal graves with female warriors, it has proven Herodotus right . As he stated, they were of Scythian origin, the wild, nomadic, estranged Iranian cousins to the Persians living in Ukraine (home to several Proto-Iranians, from whom it is very possible the Persians themselves had split from at some point).
The Amazons (possibly, Old Iranian: hama-za, “together with woman/together we fight) were subject of much fascination and mythology to the imaginative minds of the ancient Greeks. That singular culture of gender equality continued in ancient Persia. When Herodotus (the Greek author and Father of History) famously said, “From an early age, the Persians teach their young three things: To ride horses, to shoot arrows, and to tell the truth”, it wasn’t just the boys who were taught - it was also the girls. An attribute in antiquity “unique to the Persians”.
As the World History Encyclopedia denotes, and due to invaluable research by scholars such as Dr. Oric Basirov at the university of London, in Persia proper and greater Iran there were also all-female cavalry units, which would continue up to the times of the Romans as commented by her soldiers in various literature. According to one Roman soldier & historian, at the beginning of a certain battle the Roman left-flank cavalry galloping parallel to the Sassanian-Persian army witnessed a single Persian rider breaking away from the army and coming closer to the Roman cavalry, gesturing to the Romans to pick a warrior, to “battle him”, in a duel. As the Persian (or Parthian) horse-man was riding, “He took off his helmet”, “His long flowing hair pouring out of it”. To the astonishment of the Roman soldiers and legionnaires, it was revealed - she was a woman. Parthian literature also collaborates the inclusion of female knights from various royal clans in their feudalistic armies.
According to the Royal Records of Persepolis, some women even owned land and businesses.
Concludes In Reply
Concludes…
And at some point Xerxes allowed a Greek woman commander to be the head of his naval forces - Artemisia - something that she could never be afforded in Greece, and certainly in democratic Athenls where women, foreigners and slaves were excluded and not considered as equals, or centuries later in the aforementioned Rome. Or for that matter in the 1800’s (almost 2000 years later) in the British empire, or until the 1960s, in the United States when “Chief Master Sgt. Grace Peterson became the first female chief master [of the United States Air Force].
As for the Amazons,
”The archaeological evidence from Scythian graves reveal a level of sexual equality that would have astonished the Greeks”, according to scholar Adrienne Mayor at The National Geographic. She further writes, “In their myths about the bold Amazons, it seems that the Greeks allowed themselves a secure space to explore the idea of equality between the sexes, an impossible dream in their own paternalistic society where men dominated and controlled women.” Today’s women of Iran, including the Kurdish nomads, always eager to be on the front lines, are the direct descendants of the Amazons.
And as for the man who, to repeat that again, chose Artemisia, not only a foreigner, a Greek, but also a female to be his naval commander, and whom ended up marrying a Jewish commoner, Xerxes himself? To illustrate widely varying descriptions of the the Persians, in regards to the issue of the sack of Athens, according to John Curtis of the British Museum - before he, the young king whose culture believed in an eye-for-an eye, ordered Athens burned to the ground, as to avenge what the Ionian Greeks who were under Persian rule had done decades earlier during the Ring of Fire incident in which after revolting against their tyrannical king (a fellow Greek), they burned many innocent civilians, among them women and children, as well the temple of Sardis, that very same Xerxes ordered his men to evacuate all of Athen’s citizens. Most Athenians had fled to safety to begin with, nonetheless, “he torched Athens while the city was completely empty”.
Herodotus also reports, after the evacuation some of Xerxes’ troops noticed a few men were still hiding in a temple and they began shooting arrows at them to smoke them out. Herodotus says, Xerxes himself personally intervened and as a sign of respect for all religions, had the priests escorted out of the city. Xerxes also had a fiery temper. Something that the Greek story-tellers capitalized on in order to embellish their own tales of heroism. It seems that at the very least he could have been torn between what was expected of him, and his personal demons.
What does one make of all this contradictory narrations of the ancient Persians, that my be best left to the reader, however, this author has endeavoured to present a fresh, new perspective
Other Persian achievements include the creation of the first true postal system, the many motifs, royal emblems, textiles, arched architecture, coloured-glasses, silverware art, the mounted heavy armoured warrior (French: Chevalier; see rock carvings of “Khosrow II”), and the feudal system of Medieval Europe; the discovery of algebra, the first medical encyclopedia (the latter two which served as the sole educational books through the European Dark Ages for 500 years), the discovery of alcohol, the discovery of measles, and the invention of the trouser and the coat and by extension, the modern suit; in general a revolution in textiles and costumery: the carpet, the Papal tiara, the tiara, the Gnome’s hat, the Medieval monks’ robe (Sassanian Magi/priestly attire), etc., copied and accepted by the world over.
The arena of garment-and-textile-art was to the Persians, what stunning architecture and splendid realistic art-form was to the Mediterranean basin.
With that being said, and to be a bit droll while we wind-down this article, had the old Hellenes time-travelled to the modern world, they would have been shocked to discover that the World has adopted, not theirs, but the Persian way of dress; to them (the trouser) a symbol of the “milk-eating” (cheese-consuming) barbarians, and subject to much ridicule in ancient Greece. And by extension, ancient Rome.
But perhaps the biggest Persian contribution to the World might be a 3000 year old call to action, Prophet Zoroaster’s cry for unity, and “yearning for the brotherhood of mankind”.
It is easy to assess the impact of the timeless heritage of ancient Greece - democracy, the theater, art, architecture, literature and the burgeoning scientific inquiry - on the other hand however, it is difficult to measure the ubiquity and the extraordinary influence of Persia upon the world today as we know it.
Yet much like the clapping of the left and the right hands, they have both left their mark on the global culture.
I write this, my last article, in the memory of the brave men who fought for Greece, and for the marvelous Persians whom for 2.5 millennia had to endure its consequences.
I hope this was insightful.
Holy moly man how and why did you drop 4 huge essays in the comment section of a video?
@@dannygo500 The Persians are back.
They don't wait to end the victories of their ancestors with false media in favor of Greece.
Yeah right, that's the way it's done, hold your shield to one side away from your body, completely expose your torso to the enemy and poke your spear at them with one arm. Important reminder: don't forget to hold your pose for three seconds whilst grimacing/smiling as the opposition's spear skewers you.
Take selfies too with a duck face drenched in ketchup
Fantastic sery of vidéos
Yasssss!..
Who did he use for the Persian faction did he use pontes or is this a fight recreated from the wrath of Sparta DLC
Hi,about mods... Why Gerula mod when you use orbis terrarum 2 ?
Are you using vanilla game or DEI mod here? Looks like vanila. But it can be DEI, since Im not used to Athens, and Persian units look like levys.. DEI units look and are so much better, just superb! Not to say anything about mod itself, super mod..
12:24 auch, that hurts
I'm surprised theres not been a major movie about this battle.
Some day I hope...
tactical
Awwwh!!! See the revelry of the victory of battle your own harkens our gonfalons rightful place upon the battle FIELD!!!!
🇬🇷 Ελληνική αρχαία ιστορία
Күшті видео. Маған ұнады. Осы 5 ғасырдың басында Парсы империясы өте күшті еді. Олардың әскері бір ғана полис күштерімен тоқтатылғаны таң қалдырады емес пе?
Hoplites were not police. They were from the mountains and other rural locations. Subsistence is a force multiplier for discipline.
it it possible to create all the elements of supply chain in these military movements
Anyone else think that the Greeks seriously lucked out in that battle? If the center had fled, the Persians could've taken out the halved and general-less flanks from the rear and sides.
the center did not fled but avoiding the fight retreating back until the other greeks flanked them from the sides at this point they attacked
The alchemy of war. It makes no sense that the Athenians won this battle. Again, was this the hubris of empire? The Persian underestimation is staggering thousands of years later but watching this amaxing video it all seems obvious. What does it take to do a full on sprint, in full amour in the boiling sun? I can only guess at what drove those Athenians. Then again, when you have someone who can run three marathons back to back, as Pheidippides did, you might begin to understand how the Athenians won this battle. Could a modern soldier do this? Those ancients were tough is all I can say.
You helped me at my homeworks
great lol
When did the greek start using phalanx formation?
Essa batalha foi tão importante que a nossa cultura estava em jogo, e seria decidida em uma praia comun 🤯🤯🤯
Achaemenid Persian empire was the largest empire known at that time ❤❤ And as an Iranian I show respect to the ancient Greeks which showed such a resistance, Viva Iran ❤️🤍💚
No 👎
@@britishpatriot7386 Yes👇🏻
•Achaemenid empire during its peak (Darius the great period): 5.5 million square kilometres (2.1 million square miles)
•Hellenistic empire during its peak (Alexander's empire): Between 2,000,000 square miles (5,2 million square kilometres)
•Roman emire during its peak (Trajan empror): 5.0 million square kilometres (1.9 million square miles).
Great vid, but did anyone hear the music from 300 while watching this? lol
😂
had to fight a hard battle and then had to march nearly 30 miles as fast as possible to make sure their victory was not in vain....talk about being fit.
Although without Spartans Miltiades stood firm. If center could not resist wings would not able to accomplish. Great battle!
Was Miltiades not the one in command of Athenian forces? Callimachus was a politician whose vote helped Athens either go to war or build their navy…I can’t recall
He took control after Callimachus death
You're right. Miltiades was the commanding general.
Amazing strategie from Miltiades.
What did the ancient Persians look like? I understand that it might be confusing at first look due to their lack of representation, but it will actually become pretty clear upon a second glance. For now as you read this just keep in mind that most contemporary art, even the ones depicted by modern Iranians themselves are based on ancient Persian Royal art, which itself was directly copied from the Assyrians and Babylonians who came before them - a highly symbolic, flat type of art where all faces regardless of which nation was represented, looked almost identical (for more see the last two paragraphs). Some of the modern art also conflates the current Middle-Eastern phenotype with that of the ancient peoples of Iran.
The Persians and Spartans were both Indo-Europeans (Caucasians). But according to Greek historian Herodotus (Father of History), the Medes were blonds and sandy-haired Northern Iranians. Xerxes’s father, Darius, was a Mede, his mother a Persian. That collaborates centuries later with Roman poet and historian Ovid’s analysis when he said Northern Iranians (the Parthians, Scythians, Alans, Sarmatians, etc), were no different in appearance to the Celts and the Germanic tribes. The Roman author Ammianus Marcellinus, centuries earlier had stated the same.
The few realistic art work we have of the Persians themselves done by Greek and Roman artists, depicts them as white, but dissimilar to the Greeks, and far more resembling the French, the Spaniards, and reveals them as Eastern European-like. Herodotus also noted that Xerxes was supposedly one of the most youthful in appearance and handsome men in Asia during his time, whatever that means.
The most life-like depiction of ancient Persians are the “Bishapur art”, the wall and mosaic drawings done by Roman prisoners of war where they put their well-known talents to use and aided with decorating some newly constructed Persian palaces. In those, Persian women specifically and other female courtesans are depicted as almost pale with somewhat thick, flat eyebrows, with brown and black hair, very rarely some, including men, with red hair (as also depicted by Greek artists on the so-called Alexander’s sarcophagus and Sassanian floor fresco). The “Sassanian silver plates art”, also repeat the some of the same type of depictions, but since it was done by Persian artists, again many faces look similar, and have a symbolic quality to them to a certain extent, yet still a very good starting point. Other notable art include, “The Parthian solider” bust, (Greek-based), “The Dying Persian”, and “The Parthian statue”, a remarkable ancient Roman work of art with black marble used as the body, contrasting it with beige and black marble as his clothing and cape. Lastly, of importance are the many Parthian coins still in survival. Clean shaven (or not), and inspired by realistic portrayals unique to Hellenic art, Parthian kings and Princes with their Iranian weapons of choice, the bow and the arrow, look like Scandinavian war-lords, or at the very least are very Robinhood-like (see Arsaces I).
Alexander’s northern Iranian wife who was after his death murdered by his mom or his men, was named Rukhshanaa (Roxana, Roxanne). In ancient Iranian and still today’s Persian, it means, shiny-faced, light-face. Back then, and even today in Iran, the more secluded a tribal group was/is, the “lighter-skinned” in appearance they are, something that again, is Specially true for some reason or the other with Iranian women, signaling lack of intermarriage. The indigenous peoples of the Iranian plateau, the Elamites, had beautiful olive-skin with long braided hairs, whom Persian royals went on to copy, as a form of fashion of the times, as well as borrowing their long robes with wide bejeweled sleeves. Their sophisticated culture was long established before the arrival of the Persians and other Iranian tribes.
THE BOTTOM LINE? Northern Iranians aside, focusing strictly on the Persian tribes (Southern Iranians), THEY, resembled modern Albanians, Romanians, and modern Northern Italians, as well as very strongly, the Medieval Europeans (excluding Northern Europe). When you see an image of a Medieval European, from Hungary, Spain, and above all, France and Portugal, you are most likely coming very close to seeing the face of an ancient Persian. Accordingly, see the rock carving of the Khosrow II, an artistic work and an archeological piece 1000 years before the emergence of the Medieval Europe and the concept of the heavy armored warrior (what the French would later call the Chevalier, or the British, the knight). Ancient Iranian tribes hailed from Ukraine by the way, at least that’s as far as we can tell.
As the late Prof. Emeritus Richard Frye of Harvard noted, while the Iranians are not geographically Eastern Europeans, they are however, “The Europeans of the East”. Or according to encyclopedia Brittanica,
“The name Persia derives from Parsa, the name of the Indo-European nomadic people who migrated into southern Iran…in about 1000 BCE”.
It’s important to note that Persian imperial art itself in Persepolis and other places does NOT depict the Persians, or any other groups, realistically, as they all show a flat profile, with most faces looking very similar or almost identical. This was partially borrowed from the Assyrian and Babylonian empires who came before them, to portray a continuity and homogeneity of races. It was also an attempt to legitimize Persian rule, the world’s first Indo-European super power, who replaced thousands of years of semitic kingship (the Egyptians and the aforementioned civilizations). Let me repeat that one more time, ancient Persian art itself is NOT realistic, but more symbolic.
Where the “Indo” suffix of the designation, Indo-European comes from is due to the fact that while some Iranians tribes where settling in their new homeland, in modern Iran, simultaneously other Iranic tribes invaded Northern India. That is why many Indic and ancient Iranian Gods and religious beliefs display similarities. The British scholar who coined the term thought that the related-European groups passed through the Hindu Kush mountains. Although at some point the old Ariana (Iranian tribes) who invaded India were fortunately, eventually absorbed by the indigenous Brahmin population. Otherwise we wouldn’t have the nation of India, as we know it today. Something that for anyone who is a lover of cultures, arts, mathematics and good food would be unimaginable.
That’s ethnicity; linguistically Iranian languages are classified as the aforementioned Indo-European, which can in turn be termed as ancient English.
Words like, mother, father, son, daughter (dokhtar). ponder (pendaar), nice (nik,neekoo, nikki; Greek: Nike), Jasmine (yaasamin), scarlet (saghalaat, see Merriam-Webster), Melchior, art (Old Pers.: arta), mind (manaa), grab (Avestan/Eastern Persian, grab), far (related to fara, ex: faravahar; fra, par-vaaz), being (boodan), is (hast), you, tiger (tighra; Merriam-Webster), it (een), Allan (Alan, Alania; from the Northern Iranian tribes who settled in modern day Scotland), Ariana (Arya, Aria, Eire-aan, ultimately, “Iran”). Amazon (hama-zan; see “Sarmatians” in Brittanica; also Online Etymology Dictionary; also Adrienne Mayor, The National Geographic; also “The Early Amazons, JH Block, 1995), Caucasian (search engine: etymology of Caucasus), etc, are mostly still found in Farsi.
I hope this was helpful.
The result of genetic studies: The Proto-Iranians can trace their origin to roughly modern Ukraine and Chelyabinsk, Oblast, Russia. These sites have been archeology completed and they are the so-called Sintasha and other cultures where the horse was first most likely domesticated. Before that we had the Andronova culture, with similarities to the Sintasha. On the other side, to the West of these cultures there was the Srubnaya culture that later both layered and replaced the Potapovka peoples. The Potapovka culture in turn was derived from the Poltavka culture. The genetically and culturally related “coded ware” was to the North of Srubnya and Sintasha cultures; the aforementioned “Coded Ware” culture was the first to migrate to the European continent. Although partially most of these related cultures migrated to Europe, some came back to Central Asia and Russia, some stayed in Europe. In these cultures mentioned, we see the emergence of various Iranian languages, a sub section of the larger Indo-European linguistic family that itself first bloomed in the Yamnaya culture in Southern Russia. The catacomb culture was to the South of ALL of these cultures mentioned. There were other cultures (settlements), but there no absolutely no need to go through every single one. Ultimately, the aforementioned populations were ALL related, yet with slight variations.
At any rate, below are genetic studies and scholarly works that will expand on these answers further,
“In studies from the mid-2000s, the Andronovo have been described by archaeologists as having cranial features similar to ancient and modern European populations. Andronovo skulls are similar to those of the Srubnaya culture and Sintashta culture, exhibiting features such as dolicocephaly. Through Iranian and Indo-Aryan migrations, this physical type expanded southwards and mixed with aboriginal peoples, contributing to the formation of modern populations…”- Kuzmina, 2007, p. 171.
“The Potapovka culture is thought to belong to an eastward migration of Indo-European-speakers who eventually emerged as the Indo-Iranians. David W. Anthony considers the Potapovka culture and the Sintashta culture as archaeological manifestations of the early Indo-Iranian languages.”
“In a genetic study published in Science in 2018, the remains four individuals ascribed to the Potapovka culture was analyzed. Of the two males, one carried R1a1a1b2a2a and U2e1, while the other carried R1 and C. People of the Potapovka culture were found to be closely related to people of the Corded Ware culture, the Sintashta culture, the Andronovo culture and the Srubnaya culture. These were found to harbor mixed ancestry from the Yamnaya culture and peoples of the Central European Middle Neolithic. The genetic data suggested that these related cultures were ultimately derived from a remigration of Central European peoples with steppe ancestry back into the steppe.”
“The Potapovka people were massively built Caucasoids/Europoids. Their skulls are similar to those of the Catacomb culture. Potapovka skulls are less dolichocephalic than those of the Fatyanovo-Balanovo culture, Abashevo culture, Sintashta culture, Srubnaya culture and western Andronovo culture. The physical type of the Potapovka appears to have emerged through a mixture between the purely dolichocephalic type of the Sintashta, and the less dolichocephalic type of the Yamnaya culture and Poltavka culture.”
@@zmmz1238Ала сте вас двојица налупали глупости па се питам да ли остадосте живи ?!?!
Е момци, НЕМАТЕ ВЕЗУ СА ВЕЗОМ, све што сте учили све је ФАБРИКОВАНО, нема везе са ЧИЊЕНИЦАМА !!!
interesting,
i wonder if hannibal used the greek tactics here at cannae
No
@@oronzobarberio5029 they are similar
@@user-rp1vu1gk5u only for americans. And lot of fantasy
Whats mod name?
bravo la grece
❤😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊❤
Am I missing something. Isn't Marathon the one where Pheidipides is sent to get reinforcements pronto the 25 miles and drops dead when he has delivered his message. Giving us the name of the olympic games epic run. Or is that actual Greek mythology. It's what I've always believed.
What do you guys think would have happened if Miltiades didnt change their formaton to the weakest in the middle and the strongest at the siides??
Oooo thanks to glory Greece now Atlantic civilisation can exists. Even if problems with Iran and Arabic world are continuing.. We must never forget about huge Greek’s deserved ( I am not Greek)
Good vid. It was a miner battle at best.
I am surprised that there is no mentioning of Miltiades, the Athenian general who was responsible for the strategic planning of this victory.
The deliberate weaking of the Greek center was his idea, as he had served as a mercenary in Persian employ during the Scythian campaign and knew the Persian weaknesses first hand.
Nor there was any mention to the slaughter that fell upon the Persian infantry while they were retreating to their ships.
Muito bom
If you really want to understand this kind of warfare, read “Gates Of Fire” by Steven Pressfield
Will do
@@WarAndHistory. You won’t be sorry
As a Greek, I have always been proud of the freedom of Greek cities🇬🇷✌️
But at the same time, I have great respect for our respectable enemy (the Persian Empire) because they were a great civilization and influenced the world much like us❤
thanks😊 same for us🇮🇷🤝🏻🇬🇷
Ain't so tough when people fight back are they.
The outcome of the Battle could off been different.It’s not what you do,it’s
how you do it.I come from a Military Family.
Dont understand why nowadays the Spartans are held in such high regard when they stood by and all but refused ro help Athens because they were jealous of its wealth. If not for Athenians repelling the persians it is doubtful democracy would have ever spread through Europe. The world would be totally different. The entire Western hemisphere has Athens to thank for the freedoms and democracy it enjoys.
The achaemenids my ancestors❤❤
respect as a greek
There is no more Rome. But the Persians occupied an empire four times. Now they have a very big country called Iran.
Game name ??
12:24 ow
Badly trained Persian slaves vs highly trained Greeks.
The outcome was obvious
Royal Macedonian symbol of the star of Kutlesh on Athenian shields?? That symbol was exclusively Macedonian.
not really it was panhellenic symbol research more we even have spartan and athenian amphoreis of the classical age with that symbol
Good video, but i think you need to do a little more research they never ran into battle they ran and reformed before the battle started, but everything else okay
Sorry to say but the information given is not that accurate!
Miltiades with a speach addressed the generals and asked to be given the Leadership of the battle even tho it wasnt yet his turned. He took the leadership. It was Miltuadis the mastermind of the battle plan. And it was he that decided to attack the 9th day. The way of formation with the weakened center and the enforced flanks, was the winning strategy. When the Athenians got onto arrow firing range, the did some never been done before. The made a sprint even tho the where so heavily armed. Just to have the less casualties as possible.
Thermopile war🗿
480 BC is the next great Battle thousand's of soldiers on both sides got killed. Then Alexander The Great won Big battles against them to
Why Athenians are not in phalanks formation?!
Well I did the research and something is very odd about the persian numbers. One greek trieme at that time could carry 170 soldiers. So I suppose the persian ones could also carry 170 soldiers. Now if you multiply 600 x 170 you get 102.000 soldiers! Not 25.000
yes thats correct but out of the 170 sailors only the 20-40 were hoplites(soldiers) the other ones were just rowers
Spartans are hilarious. A vast persian army is ready to invade and the Spartans are celebrating religious fest.. lol
The Persian ships were from another design ! The animation shows greek ships !
At least some of the ships would have been contributed by the enslaved Ionian Greeks as was the case at Salamis so a number of them are likely to have been Greek
Can you create these videos in hindi language?
ships of that size , beaching themselves? Without serious damage? Please give us a brake!
I get why this war goes down in history as a noble band of freedom lovers defeating a tyrannical empire..then you dig deeper and find Persia at the time didnt allow slavery, while the Greeks bathed in it...Achaemenid rule was fairly light handed following conquest..Greek inter factional fighting bordered on genocidal. Good guys vs bad guys? I wonder about it.
persian empire🇮🇷❤️
They lost because allah and mo hadn't been invented yet
Nowadays the persians in Europe. 6th boottle?😮😅
The Greek center cannot have both 'been pushed back' and 'broken through' by the Persians. It is either pushed back OR broken through. As for the 'more numerous Greeks' on the flanks, they were not more numerous than the Persians, but their WEIGHT in armored soldiers, massed together, pushed the Persian wings back so that the Athenians and Plateans were able to now hit the Persian force from three sides...not sure if this positioning of his forces by Miltiades was meant to keep the Persians from outflanking the Greeks or if it was deliberate in the manner of Hannibal at Cannae, as a means of setting the Persian force up for near encirclement by the Greeks...
U
That seems very odd, an ancient army marching into battle with no archers or cavalry?? And how about those Spartans! What a bunch of douche bags.
Выражение коментатора: персы сожгли остров...пипец ...
on the sea the navy of greek was good and on the ground the Persian, now in Persia we think something bad happened in this battle that we don't like it , sorry about it .......