I was going to turn in my science project without a t-test because I couldn't figure out how o do it. Friends were trying to help me and I still couldn't understand. I thought about UA-cam. Dude really saved my life. Explained everything. Thank you so much
Hello Mr. Grange, My name is Celio, I'm from Brazil. And I spent hours searching for an easy and practical solution in Brazilian sites. And I just saw your video and solve my problem with statistical data analysis. Thank you and the video is great!
Really clear instruction. Thanks for taking the time to do this tutorial for us. There are many, many statisticians who seem to enjoy making the subject inaccessible. Whoever put the help together for MS Excel is a sadist.
We have to do several experiments and labs at school that require to find the p value in excel, and I have used this video several times to help me find it each time. It's so clear and it so easy to understand! I searched for hours trying to find an easy way to understand how to find it and couldn't find one until I found this video. Thank you so much for it! It literally has saved me (and my grade)!
This has been a great help to me. It is now very easy to get a "p" value from the "t" test. I have developed a "one-tail" test proposal for myopia prevention from your analysis. Thanks!
This is extremely simple and helpful. Where I trip up is when all the books say "we reject the null hypothesis" or similar instead of saying "This means these are different significantly" or similar. I reach the end and I'm thinking "What was the hypothesis again?" This is what youtube stats is good for. Thanks!
The E-106 means that you have to move your decimal place to the right 106 places. So your P value would be VERY small eg 0.0000000000000000000... ect. Your data is significantly different :) Hope this isnt too late!
Okay I know it's been 9 years but thank you so much for this video! I was freeking out couse my teacher couldent explain it in a way that made sense to me but this was so easy! it kinda helped my final exams a lot
It was such a great pleasure to watch your video. Wonderful clarity. You would not want to give up your day job but you would be a star with the BBC World Service with your superb communication skills. Many many thanks. Best wishes.
I so appreciated this video. I have no stats background and do not need the "full math" explanation for what I need to do, and this was perfectly clear and concise!
Jim, I am currently doing my dissertation on how carbohydrate intake effects blood glucose. Can I first of all compliment you on the efficient and easy to understand video on t-test's. This is often an area of confusion for my peers (me included). I have just shown this to the majority of the class, all of which will be using to do their t testing along side SPSS. Thank you
You probably know this by now but for others who may not: when you have '#####' in a cell in excel it is often because the cell is not big enough to show all the digits. A solution would either be to expand the cell or to make it stop at fewer decimals
Thank you so much! This was super easy to follow and made it easy to understand even though it's been a while since I took stats. Thank you again! Life saver. :)
I tried your method with different tails/types as well as calculated mine in paper, the excel methods ended up with a different value each time T^T the video is good thanks
Remember Excel is just giving you back the exact p-value. When you do the calculations on paper you are likely calculating the exact t-value (which is quite different). That might explain the differences you are getting.
I hope you all find this video useful! If you have any questions, please do drop me an email. And if the video has REALLY helped and you want to buy me a beer, please see www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=L692FVF8PNUKU
@DarthHako Yes, you can. The exact formula to use changes with whether you intend to test a between-subjects design or a within-subjects design. For a whithin-subjects design, your t-value = D_xy / (sdD_xy / (sqrt(n)). This looks complex, but D_xy refers to the difference between condition x and condition y, sdD_xy refers to the standard deviation of these differences, and sqrt(n) is just the square root of the number of observations you This website explains it better than I can: have.www.unt.edu/rss/class/Jon/ISSS_SC/Module008/isss_m8_introttests/node3.html
Great video, thank you. 0.00468 does not mean that it is highly significant though. It just means that it is significant. The degree of significance is not possible to imply with the number.
Correct, I mis-spoke. But, a p-value of 0.004 suggests that data are LESS likely under the null hypothesis than with a p-value of 0.04. But broadly I agree with your statement.
Hi, great video! I’m wondering if you could help me. I’m trying to conduct a t-test to see if a lay betting strategy is worthy or not, I have the 1. Prices of each individual bet 2. Prices of winners. 3. Prices of losers 4. Average price won. 5.average price lost, however, I am struggling to know where to put each piece of data and if it’s the correct data to use. Thanks in advance 👍
Very informative in 5 minutes.. i studied this in my doctorate degree for a year in my statistics subject,-yet headache came on my way 😂 So in 5 minutes, i learned this the easiest way😂
Thanks so much! A question, what if I want to test whether values in an array (they are in fact simulated values) are statistically significant from a particular actual value?
Great video, one question: what if my dataset is imbalanced and I have more than 5 times the amount in one vs. The other? I guess since it uses averaged valued it wouldn't matter but, can you do it?
Excellent! My question, once I have a p-value (result of the t-test) what is the next calculation to determine whether improvement has occurred between two groups of data?
Your p-value is essentially a percentage value. (1 - p-value)*100 = percent chance the difference between groups is statistically significant. A p-value ≤ 0.05 is the gold standard in industry as it indicates your group is 6-sigma from the mean (3-sigma to the left & 3-sigma to the right), which means you can be 95+% confident that your groups are statistically different. Your target p-value can be adjusted depending on how confident you want to be in reporting your groups to be different. Check out Khan Academy for more in depth videos on this topic.
Hello Jim! An urgent question: is the result of this test via excel is the t-value or the p-value? And how do I see these two separately, if possible? Many thanks!!! Sharon
Hi Jim! I have a group of 58 students 22 of which are female and 33 male. I want to test if there is a statistically significant difference between the the internet use perceptions, practices of male and female students. by doing so, i want to check whether or not gender is a factor affecting students internet use. Of the three types of t-test, which type should i use and why. some points about the sample: they are 2nd year students at a university,all from the same faculty of humanities, it is null hypothesis.
To know the answer you have to surely know what a t value is and what a p value is, that is a very very basics of statistics. It's like asking 'why we get number 8 from square root of 64..';) The t value you get when calculating on paper, then you look into t tables to find your p value, which should be at least 0.05 (5%) to find out whether your experiment is statistically significant. Here Excel does it for us.
Thank you for uploading all these videos. Great work and very helpful. I have watched your video on t-test. At some point you are saying that we need to decide whether we have the same variances between the 2 groups and I believe that you are saying that this is explained in another video. Could you please refer me to that video? Can we find out by using excel? Would this have anything to do with Levene's test? Thanks again, Athina.
I am doing my bachelor thesis and I am testing 2 trading strategies. One is an active and the other a buy and hold. The active strategy by and sell the stock when you have trading signals from technical analysis and the other just holds the stock. We have the returns and we think we should calculate the monthly returns and then compare the two strategies in a t-test. Is that right? You have both a sample t-test with known or unknown variances but then you also have a paired t-test.
+Per Forsberg It depends what unit of measurement your returns are in, but it sounds OK. Yes, a t-test sounds like it will be appropriate. Your values are coming from different groups, so it would be an independent t-test, not a paired t-test.
Hi. I want to perform a T test. One of the values in the sample is very large. Should I omit it when I calculate mean, standard deviation and variance?
I'm not sure you'll answer my question in time (or at all) but I'd like to do a t-test to compare the mean of a group to the value that correspond to what they would have obtain if they've answered randomly so it would be a t-test comparing a mean based on real data and a pre determined mean, can you do that with excel? (i'm not sure if this was clear enough to understand, I hope so...)
Thank you very, very much. It's probably a very easy thing for you, but it was actually very confusing for me until I watched your video. I have a question, though, if you'll excuse me: If I already have the means, SD-Variance and such descriptive results, can I still compare the means just by using them without the actual measurements for each, say, individual?
There isn't really a "better", as it all depends on your data (i.e., if the values for each condition come from the same people or different people), that is whether your study is repeated measures or independent measures
I have a question. You mentioned that the resulting value is the probability/p-value. is it also correct to call that the t-value? My worksheet wants me to list the "t-values and probabilities". I thought t-values and probabilities are the same thing.
I was going to turn in my science project without a t-test because I couldn't figure out how o do it. Friends were trying to help me and I still couldn't understand. I thought about UA-cam. Dude really saved my life. Explained everything. Thank you so much
+Deandre Mathurin My pleasure!
Hello Mr. Grange,
My name is Celio, I'm from Brazil.
And I spent hours searching for an easy and practical solution in Brazilian sites. And I just saw your video and solve my problem with statistical data analysis.
Thank you and the video is great!
Really clear instruction. Thanks for taking the time to do this tutorial for us. There are many, many statisticians who seem to enjoy making the subject inaccessible. Whoever put the help together for MS Excel is a sadist.
Six years later and this is helping me dearly with my high school advanced scientific research class, thank you VERY much.
The most understandable video about t-test I have found. Thank you very much for help!
hello can i ask you question ?
@@redsem9712 sure
We have to do several experiments and labs at school that require to find the p value in excel, and I have used this video several times to help me find it each time. It's so clear and it so easy to understand! I searched for hours trying to find an easy way to understand how to find it and couldn't find one until I found this video. Thank you so much for it! It literally has saved me (and my grade)!
I'm very pleased you found it of use!
So concise and straight to the point. I found my favorite stats tutor.
God damn I love when stuff like this is explained clearly and concisely, thank you sir!
+Archie Farrer Thanks Archie!
This has been a great help to me. It is now very easy to get a "p" value from the "t" test. I have developed a "one-tail" test proposal for myopia prevention from your analysis. Thanks!
This is the best explanation I've found to describe a t test. Thank you!
This helps me a lot. Thank you so much😭 I've been struggling to do the t-test but after I saw your vids... I understand it now.😭❣️
This is extremely simple and helpful. Where I trip up is when all the books say "we reject the null hypothesis" or similar instead of saying "This means these are different significantly" or similar. I reach the end and I'm thinking "What was the hypothesis again?" This is what youtube stats is good for. Thanks!
You are the man!! not only i know how to calculate t-test but you made me understand why it is!! you have saved me a lot of reading. Great job!! :)
You are the legend I been looking out for. wasted 2 hrs on web research. Thanks
3AM in the morning couldn't find a better video than this.. Thank you for the video!
It's the best on the interwebs! Fact!
To the point and concise explanations make your videos the most favourite
I appreciate this Jim! You just helped a Gifted and Talented Department in a school district in Northern Nevada!
You can't imagine how usefull it is ! I din't undertand ma university homework and you did it in 5 min.
The numbers Mason, what do they mean?! - Call of Duty Black Ops
The E-106 means that you have to move your decimal place to the right 106 places. So your P value would be VERY small eg 0.0000000000000000000... ect. Your data is significantly different :) Hope this isnt too late!
Thank you ❤
Much appreciated. Elegant and simple, as well as easy to understand. Well done and thank you!
Okay I know it's been 9 years but thank you so much for this video! I was freeking out couse my teacher couldent explain it in a way that made sense to me but this was so easy! it kinda helped my final exams a lot
Glad it helped!
Had to watch the video several times but I understand this so much better now! thanks!
It was such a great pleasure to watch your video. Wonderful clarity. You would not want to give up your day job but you would be a star with the BBC World Service with your superb communication skills. Many many thanks. Best wishes.
You are too kind! Thanks for watching :)
This is the clearest I've heard it explained. Thank you
I so appreciated this video. I have no stats background and do not need the "full math" explanation for what I need to do, and this was perfectly clear and concise!
Very helpful information, we need more people like you in the world!
This is VERY GOOD. I had "forgotten" some of this - and your review was very valuable to me! Thanks!
Thanks a lot, better than many other professors.
Thank you for sharing your knowledge in a simpler form. Very much helpful.
Jim,
I am currently doing my dissertation on how carbohydrate intake effects blood glucose. Can I first of all compliment you on the efficient and easy to understand video on t-test's. This is often an area of confusion for my peers (me included). I have just shown this to the majority of the class, all of which will be using to do their t testing along side SPSS.
Thank you
That is fantastic to hear, thank you so much for your kind feedback!
You probably know this by now but for others who may not: when you have '#####' in a cell in excel it is often because the cell is not big enough to show all the digits. A solution would either be to expand the cell or to make it stop at fewer decimals
Thank you for the explanation! My genetics professor expected us to already know how to do this and did not explain it.
Excellent. very easy to understand. now I can do my own t-test sheets and statistical mats on variables
Thanks a lot for the explanation, made otherwise a confusing topic easier to understand.
Thank you so much! This was super easy to follow and made it easy to understand even though it's been a while since I took stats. Thank you again! Life saver. :)
Hello can you add link to video assessing if there is equal variance that you reference in the video?
This is the best i cant thank you enough!!!
Greetings from a student form the Netherlands :)
Glad it helped! Cheers from the UK :)
I tried your method with different tails/types as well as calculated mine in paper, the excel methods ended up with a different value each time T^T the video is good thanks
Remember Excel is just giving you back the exact p-value. When you do the calculations on paper you are likely calculating the exact t-value (which is quite different). That might explain the differences you are getting.
thanks everything is sorted now :3
Thank you very much! Your instruction is straight forward thus understandable, that helps me to solve my problem.
Fantastic, ur video was on point and simple. 👍🏻
I hope you all find this video useful! If you have any questions, please do drop me an email. And if the video has REALLY helped and you want to buy me a beer, please see www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=L692FVF8PNUKU
Jim Grange i donot get the right answer. After closing the brackets which key is to be pressed??
enter
all my life ive been looking for an app that has TTEst without knowing it is just right there in EXCEl, thank you very much for sharing this one...
This really save our research as well as our future :)
yes. It helped (y)
@DarthHako Yes, you can. The exact formula to use changes with whether you intend to test a between-subjects design or a within-subjects design. For a whithin-subjects design, your t-value = D_xy / (sdD_xy / (sqrt(n)). This looks complex, but D_xy refers to the difference between condition x and condition y, sdD_xy refers to the standard deviation of these differences, and sqrt(n) is just the square root of the number of observations you This website explains it better than I can:
have.www.unt.edu/rss/class/Jon/ISSS_SC/Module008/isss_m8_introttests/node3.html
Thanks for the video. Short and to the point.
Fantastic video! My SPSS license from school ran out so I had to use excel, this video was very helpful :)
Very simple and clear explanation! Thank you so much
My pleasure - glad you found it of use!
thank you for the instructional, informative, and concise video. it really helped me a lot.
Thank YOU for the VERY clear video!
Really fantastic video - I will be sharing this with all of my coworkers, it helped immensely!
Wow, that's great! Thanks!
Thanks so much for this video, saved my life for a last minute presentation!
Thank you so muchh, you saved MY LIFE!
Thank you! This quick and easy tutorial helped me put theory into practice for my research project!
Thank you, This was very useful and well explained.
Mind blowing video...thank you so much
You have saved lives today
Thank you for the simple explanation. This has helped me greatly
Thankyou this has been stressing me seemed so complicated 😂🙏
Hi sir, like to ask about the problem I have. I have this 5 person having training records from day 1 and day 8 I would like to see what should I use?
Great video, thank you. 0.00468 does not mean that it is highly significant though. It just means that it is significant. The degree of significance is not possible to imply with the number.
Correct, I mis-spoke. But, a p-value of 0.004 suggests that data are LESS likely under the null hypothesis than with a p-value of 0.04. But broadly I agree with your statement.
really really great video!!!!!!!!! It helped me A LOT!!!!! THANK YOU!!!!!
This was so helpful. Thanks a lot
you taught me more than my teacher.
Hi, great video! I’m wondering if you could help me. I’m trying to conduct a t-test to see if a lay betting strategy is worthy or not, I have the 1. Prices of each individual bet 2. Prices of winners. 3. Prices of losers 4. Average price won. 5.average price lost, however, I am struggling to know where to put each piece of data and if it’s the correct data to use. Thanks in advance 👍
super video. very good practical help. Thanks.
Very informative in 5 minutes.. i studied this in my doctorate degree for a year in my statistics subject,-yet headache came on my way 😂
So in 5 minutes, i learned this the easiest way😂
Superb 👍
You saved my life! Thanks so much
Teşekkür ederim bu güzel video için. Türkiye'den selamlar.
✌☮️❤🎸
Which test can be used if we have PH ranges from 2-6 used for citric acid production and we need to findout if its statistically significant or not?
Thanks so much!
A question, what if I want to test whether values in an array (they are in fact simulated values) are statistically significant from a particular actual value?
Great help. Concise and clear.
You said there is another video show how to calculate the variance. Could you post a link here? Thanks.
Great video, one question: what if my dataset is imbalanced and I have more than 5 times the amount in one vs. The other? I guess since it uses averaged valued it wouldn't matter but, can you do it?
still relevant and very helpful, thank you
You saved my life! thank you so much - your video was so useful!!
The formula "=T(value)" is use to check whether a value is......
Options:-
a) Text b) Number c)True.
Please answer me.
Very Helpful presentation! thank you!
Thank you so much this was really useful and easily understood!
Excellent! My question, once I have a p-value (result of the t-test) what is the next calculation to determine whether improvement has occurred between two groups of data?
Your p-value is essentially a percentage value. (1 - p-value)*100 = percent chance the difference between groups is statistically significant. A p-value ≤ 0.05 is the gold standard in industry as it indicates your group is 6-sigma from the mean (3-sigma to the left & 3-sigma to the right), which means you can be 95+% confident that your groups are statistically different. Your target p-value can be adjusted depending on how confident you want to be in reporting your groups to be different. Check out Khan Academy for more in depth videos on this topic.
Hello Jim!
An urgent question: is the result of this test via excel is the t-value or the p-value? And how do I see these two separately, if possible? Many thanks!!!
Sharon
Hi Sharon - this is a p-value. Excel won't give you the t-value directly.
Hi Jim!
I have a group of 58 students 22 of which are female and 33 male. I want to test if there is a statistically significant difference between the the internet use perceptions, practices of male and female students. by doing so, i want to check whether or not gender is a factor affecting students internet use. Of the three types of t-test, which type should i use and why. some points about the sample: they are 2nd year students at a university,all from the same faculty of humanities, it is null hypothesis.
great video! Very helpful for my work.
+joemike75 Glad it helped!
Excellent explanation, thank you very much!!!
very clear, looking forward to sharing with my students
thx you saved my exams :)
To know the answer you have to surely know what a t value is and what a p value is, that is a very very basics of statistics. It's like asking 'why we get number 8 from square root of 64..';)
The t value you get when calculating on paper, then you look into t tables to find your p value, which should be at least 0.05 (5%) to find out whether your experiment is statistically significant. Here Excel does it for us.
clear and brief! this is very helpful! thanks a lot!!
Thank you for uploading all these videos. Great work and very helpful. I have watched your video on t-test. At some point you are saying that we need to decide whether we have the same variances between the 2 groups and I believe that you are saying that this is explained in another video. Could you please refer me to that video? Can we find out by using excel? Would this have anything to do with Levene's test? Thanks again, Athina.
I am doing my bachelor thesis and I am testing 2 trading strategies. One is an active and the other a buy and hold. The active strategy by and sell the stock when you have trading signals from technical analysis and the other just holds the stock.
We have the returns and we think we should calculate the monthly returns and then compare the two strategies in a t-test.
Is that right? You have both a sample t-test with known or unknown variances but then you also have a paired t-test.
+Per Forsberg It depends what unit of measurement your returns are in, but it sounds OK. Yes, a t-test sounds like it will be appropriate. Your values are coming from different groups, so it would be an independent t-test, not a paired t-test.
Hi. I want to perform a T test. One of the values in the sample is very large. Should I omit it when I calculate mean, standard deviation and variance?
I'm not sure you'll answer my question in time (or at all) but I'd like to do a t-test to compare the mean of a group to the value that correspond to what they would have obtain if they've answered randomly
so it would be a t-test comparing a mean based on real data and a pre determined mean, can you do that with excel?
(i'm not sure if this was clear enough to understand, I hope so...)
Thank you so much, that was really really helpful
Thank you very, very much. It's probably a very easy thing for you, but it was actually very confusing for me until I watched your video. I have a question, though, if you'll excuse me: If I already have the means, SD-Variance and such descriptive results, can I still compare the means just by using them without the actual measurements for each, say, individual?
So based on the data used, which type is better 1, 2 or 3?
There isn't really a "better", as it all depends on your data (i.e., if the values for each condition come from the same people or different people), that is whether your study is repeated measures or independent measures
Is it mandatory to use spss to show that test is significant or not ?
you saved meeeeeeeeee best tutorial!! Thank you thank you thank you!
what do u press if its the same person doing the same test more then once ?
I have a question.
You mentioned that the resulting value is the probability/p-value.
is it also correct to call that the t-value?
My worksheet wants me to list the "t-values and probabilities".
I thought t-values and probabilities are the same thing.
Thank you so much! This was incredibly helpful!!
Glad it helped!