Cochin - Art of War: Terrain
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- Опубліковано 25 лют 2024
- 1504 - Cochin
One of the most lopsided battles in history. The Portuguese had 150 men and 3 ships along with their Cochin allies (perhaps 5k) taking on the Raja of Calicut's 65K!
0:07: ⚔️ Struggle for Power: Cochin's Alliance with the Portuguese against Calicut
4:57: ⚔️ Portuguese military commander's strategic moves in the Indian Ocean against local forces.
8:34: ⚔️ Strategic battle preparations between Samudri of Calicut and the Portuguese in early 1504.
12:30: ⚔️ Naval battle at low tide results in failed attacks and high casualties for Calicut.
16:25: ⚔️ Battle between Portuguese and Raja forces at Aral Island unfolds with strategic maneuvers.
20:51: ⚔️ Battlefield conditions hinder Zamorin's army as they face Portuguese defenses in a large assault.
25:04: ⚔️ Decisive victories lead to the abdication of the king of Calicut and retreat of his army.
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#cochin #portuguese #ageofdiscovery
Wanted to combine the two Pereira videos into one to cover the entire Battle of Cochin of 1504. Seems like no know has ever heard of this battle and wanted to get a few videos out there to give it more coverage. Enjoy!
Much appreciated. For anyone else who's also into it, I'll take the opportunity to reference in this video, as I did on the previous, the 8 volume books entitled 'Portuguese Sea Battles' (English edition), written by the naval commander Armando Saturnino Monteiro. It covers around 450 confrontations, with sieges included, from the 12th to the 20th century.
Roger Crowley's 'Conquerors' (2015) however is a very nice start, for this time period in particular.
Enjoy readers.
Edit: spelling correction.
Strange, isn't it, that so many people don't know about it. And many too don't know about Malacca and Albuquerque's great victory, and the final 'discovery' of the Spice Islands (and Serao's great adventure!) which I hope come soon!
@@horstliebner6374please state in header what videos are consolidations of previous videos.
I have known about this battle for years. However, from all of the UA-cam channels dedicated to history, I have encountered just one other to cover it years ago, and even his coverage wasn't in detail...
So you're doing a great job bringing light to not very well known events! Keep up the great work, mate! All the best!
Hei, I am your Patreon and we have had some dialog together for few month ago. But now, I am not able to send any message on Patreon site, and cant even see old once. What is happaning? Is it me, have I done something or is it UA-cam, they have made some changes?
What amazes me is how Pereira was able to coordinate all these complex tatical moves of ships, ground troops, engineers!
Estrategic and tatical prowess!
Well I guess when you have only 150 men you can tell them what to do by individual name
@@FlashPointHx Good point!
But I wonder HOW he did coordinate comunication with ships and land troops at the same time.
@@Antaragni2012 by this point battlefields and armies had grown - communication abilities would relay on everything from flags, drums, trumpets, light signals, and runners - plus they had smaller ships to carry info
Pereira's a true "renaissance" man.a Soldier/Scholar.
He did have some things going for him. Large support force and time. An despite numbers, effective fire superiority. Otherwise we would talk about the last stand of Pereira.
Mostly battle like this end up in history as last stands (if you have terrain and a small but elite force). eventually you still get shot to pieces or overrun, due to exhaustion. or simply flanked. those Portuguese ships had about the same effect as having 3 modern MBT's on napoleonic battlefield.
99% of keralites have never heard of this battle.. Thankyou for the enlightenment
Kerala was so important in that time. Probably the most important place on earth at that time. One ship loaded with spices was worth more than the entire uk yearly economy combined .
@@josesilva4171Kerala had a port called Muziris where roman coins were found. So Kerala was a part of trade between ancient worlds as well.
@@Abhilash-. the Arabs and Chinese traded there before the Portuguese. That is not my point. Just saying that at that time spices were everything and kerala was the main centre for this. Also made the point that one Portuguese ship loaded with spices was worth more than the entire economy of the uk.
@@Abhilash-. What is undeniable is that the Portuguese found New Route to get there.
@@josesilva4171 yeah 👍🏼
“It defies comprehension how the Portuguese endured. Outstanding organization & exemplary cooperation was one factor without which the defense would not have been successful. Equally important was the opinion of invincibility which the Portuguese derived from their continued good fortune. Long-time military drill & training as professional soldiers had instilled in them iron discipline, endurance, & self-control essential in facing forces one hundred times their number. Confident of their superior weapons & bonded together by the belief in a truer God, they fought their Holy War in a esprit de corps & comradeship”
- R.O.W. Goertz.
Loving this quote too!
The Portuguese in the age of exploration have the most astounding exploits in human history.
Hi from Kochin, India 🙌🏻 Those battles took near our area and as a history student I'm disappointed that nobody in kerala taught us with so much details. Thank you!✨
You are so welcome!
@@FlashPointHx A suggestion: Could you make a series on the British (EIC) conquest of Indian subcontinent? Part by part, region by region starting from 1600s to mid 1800s?
@@Anjana- I might do that - but Mughals are definitely up next
@@FlashPointHx That's great
The spices were everything in those days. A Portuguese ship returning from Kerala loaded with spices was equivalent to the entire UK economy. That is how significant kerala was (there was nothing like it in those days).
A salute to Samudiri Raja. He almost won, but was thwarted by bad luck and a genius commander on the other side.
“One must be aware that the Portuguese knew they were always outnumbered, a certainty that led them to employ all their courage & determination in the fights & battles they engaged. In many cases, just mentioning the Portuguese would distress an entire army or fleet, knowing the fierceness & bravery of the Portuguese warriors”
- Rainer Daehnhardt.
Such an awesome quote. Sometimes all it takes is reputation, but in the case of the Portuguese - that reputation was justified
"Que os muitos, por ser poucos, nam temamos."
What a great line!@@lino222
@lino222 That quote doesn't make any sense
@@Hello-wl8isif you say so...
Iberians in the XVI century were truly masters of the battlefield. Kudos to the relentless Cochin people and Portuguese soldiers, showing than an active defense can achive either the defeat or the incapacitation of a much stronger army.
Well said!
Can you explain what is active defenseM
@@bosbanon3452 We can call an active defense or an agressive defense when an army or group defending a fortress or a specific area do everything in their power to disrupt the attacks and siege efforts of the invader, trying to steal their initiative and momentum. Night sorties to destroy equipment, food or amunition or to bring terror to the besiegers rest and confidence was a classic Iberian tactic of the time. Raids, delay actions, sabotages, espionage, missinformation, luring enemies into traps and using every avaliable tool to demoralize the attackers and break their will to fight can be considered part of a potentially successful active or aggressive defense.
“In these years, when a Portuguese soldier disembarked from one of his nation’s ships to take up duty within a fort at Moçambique or at Malacca, on the straits near Java, he could expect during his tour of duty 3 sieges in which he would eat grass & drink urine. Some of the most courageous resistances in world history were contributed by these Portuguese defenders”
- James A. Michener.
It comes down to the soldier in the field with boots muddied
@@FlashPointHx In this case, the sabatons! 😃.
@@SylvaHodracyrda Yes Commando is a Portuguese word, because Portugal was the first to use them. They would have small units of highly specialized units that operated beond enemey lines withe very high autonomy and decision power. To prepare terrain and sabotage the enemy army
Like when they were taking black slaves in West Africa?
@@bdoon51 no, they weren't. They were buying them from local kingdoms that already had a network of capturing, transporting and selling slaves to North Africa and the Middle East.
I am Brazilian, military and historian, that said, I can assure this videos are astonishing well done and historically very accurate. Congratulations and thank you for the enlightenment of our history and understanding of the steps that lead to our world today's configuration.
Happy that you liked this!
I'm from the state of Kerala, where Kochi (Cochin) is located. Its like 102 kilometres from my hometown. Good to see events from our area being presented in UA-cam. Keep up the good work ❤. Today Kochi is the most prominent city in Kerala state with numerous industries, educational institutions and the home to the shipyard which built the nation's first indigenous aircraft carrier.
അങ്ങനെ നമ്മുടെ യുദ്ധവും സിനിമയിൽ വന്നു 🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰
@@AkhilAjayachandran പിന്നല്ല 😂
😂😂😂@@AkhilAjayachandran
One of the top 5 history creators on UA-cam. So glad this under appreciated topic is being so competently covered!
What a man Duarte Pacheco Pereira was!
Can’t still understand the crazy determination displayed by Pacheco Pereira, it was an overwhelming force and against all odds.
Just insane determination
I hope you continue the series with the battles of Almeida and Albuquerque!
Definitely!
@@FlashPointHx Outstanding!!
I often overlook how much influence mother nature has on the flow of battle, it's always important to remember that no matter how large or well equipped your army is, being able to understand the terrain and even use it to your advantage is perhaps the most important aspect of any confrontation. The Battle of Red Cliffs and Early Muslim Conquests are good examples of a smaller force snatching victory from the jaws of defeat by understanding and utilizing their surroundings effectively.
It’s all about weather - many argue Napoleon would have won Waterloo had it not rained
Oh I am glad someone made a video out of this. Thank you! I am from Kochi and read about the Battle of Kochi ages ago. Knew the deep old connection we had with the Portuguese lay even deeper. Many words in Malayalam have a Portuguese origin, influence on cuisine and adopting crops from elsewhere into our culture, and of course shaping the future of Kochi to ensure its dominance as the leading state in Kerala.
yeh connections of killing people lol.
Crazy how I never heard of Pacheco Pereira... This is extraordinary, even more heroic than the battle of Diu
Diu is coming up next
The Portuguese used the naval tactic 'Cross of Thunder' or 'Crossing the T'. Their Ships anchored in a perpendicular pattern to the Indian ships, presenting their full broadsides against the approaching enemy vessels. They used long oars to maneuver, anchor, fire their guns, and then row again, rather than using the wind in the narrow channels.
Exactly right - Portuguese were doing it before it was cool
When the battlefield shifted over to Arraul Island, seeing Pereira shuffling between the 2 fords made me think of the Party Rock song.
And now I can't stop thinking of Pereira singing and dancing to that song as he destroys the Zamorin Raja's fleet and army
What a warrior! A hero who used science, courage and an indomitable resilience to win all the battles against an enemy much more powerful!
Almeida and Albuquerque, thanks to Age of empires II I know these two guys😁 Thank you Flash, now waiting for the next one!!
Hahha - I loved that game
@@FlashPointHx hi, really a masterpiece video! May I ask what videogame are you using to make this videos?
Before any one says anything, his pronunciation of Indian names is fine. I can hear the Spanish accent in the Indian names, but that's fine. He is doing great job in not distracting Indian viewers.
All of this was the beginning of officially recognized knowledge for the entire world, that there was much more on Earth than previously preconceived conventions, although only the Portuguese knew it for a long time and kept it secret, including that the Earth was round and not flat.
I really liked it!
It's great and very well designed, thank you very much!
I agree, except the part about the world being flat. Everyone knew it was round by that point, it's simply untrue that they believed it was flat. People knew it was round since the time of the ancient greeks.
Pleas cover Albuquerque's war with amir of hormuz. Cant wait to see that
a powerfull display of science and military prowess
Great as always. Hail from Brazil🇧🇷
Thank you! Cheers!
Absolutely amazing and heroic. I mean, this is an absolute Chad battle for the Portuguese, maybe even more glorious than my beloved Spanish at La Coruña and Cartagena de Indias. Great video, great visuals and narration 👌 blessings!
Wow, thank you!
For the algorithm
Thanks Kaz!
Some more for the algo! Thank you for your quality content.
Yup +1 (bump)
Me too
All hail the algorithm
The portuguese adventures and conquests in Asia sre legendary. Glory to the explorer crusaders!
I’m from Cochin also known as Kochi and I hardly knew any of this history! This is so good.
Do recognize some of the names I’ve mentioned ? Like Arraul / Vypin ? I’m curious if you know the location of the Kumbalam ford - it’s still debated to this day
@@FlashPointHx ofcourse Vypin , Edapally all are still the same. I’m yet to watch the whole video, jumped the gun and commented. I will come back to you regarding this.
@@FlashPointHxVypin and kumbalam still exists. They are areas that concentrate on fishing and tourism now.
@@wokeydokey6885 where is Kumbalam - people still debate where that ford is
@@FlashPointHx in local language....it is Thirumulpadu...king of cochin.....kumbalam is nearby to cochin
Thank You Flash Point History for another amazing piece of content, I'm really glad your channel and content is picking up steam, from the narrative to the graphics of battles everything is just top notch and it really grasps your attention all the way to the end. In regards to this specific battle, I thank you for giving it more exposure, to be honest I'm from Portugal but I've heard of this battle very vaguely so I had no real knowledge of how historic this battle was, it's right up there with the battle of diu in 1509 in my opinion now that you showed how epic this battle was. Man, sometimes when I think about the history of Portugal this country feels like a paradox lol 😅 Throughout the centuries, it managed to maintain its independence and not being absorbed by the Kingdom of Castille (Later Spain) and fought battles halfway across the globe while being outnumbered, this country feels like it challenged the laws of probability and won many times 😅 Anyway thanks for everything you do, best regards 👋✌
What blows my mind was just how confident they were - find a dangerous passage to the other side of the world - barely make it and then enter like you owned the place. What bravado or foolishness
Dude mastered the control playstyle
Boy did he ever
Thank you for your awesome work! Obrigado!
Wow! Thanks so much!!
I previously read The last Crusade but having the top down perspective and all of the map locations shown is awesome, I normally always have to reference google maps while reading. I really appreciate these videos I bet they are an incredible amount of work to make
Happy you liked the video - yeah these battle sequences are labor intensive. Can easily use up 2-3 hours for a 1 minute segment. But its worth it when the production comes together
Great job! I remember reading these stories as a kid and being surprised how no media adaptations had been done
Amazing work in preserving and spreading human History, specially the Portuguese one 🥰
Great video! The level of detail is exquisite. All those maneuvers, the organization of the troops, the tactics and overall strategy...Hats off to you, dear Sir. You were able to capture all the intricacies and sheer complexity of Pereira's superb defense. I hope viewers realize that. What a commander he was - Pereira was playing with multiple, dynamic and ever-changing variables like the tides, the channel depths, the men, the maneuvers, the different guns and their different platforms (ships) with different capabilities (like speed vs. robustness - caravels vs. carrack), the moral of the troops and so on. He was playing multidimensional chess. Brilliantly. And just with a handful of men. Imagine if he had at his disposal a much larger amount of manpower. Thank you for showing us, ignoramus, the brilliance of this master and commander. That he was a contemporary of two other immense generals (Almeida and, above all, Albuquerque) is extraordinary. Unfortunately, I cannot go back in time to watch this crazy battle unravel in front of my eyes - the next best thing must be your videos. Thank you
I absolutely love when I finds battles like this - Where its not just military bravado but intelligence that wins the fight. This man needs more acclaim than he got
As a person whose home town is Cochin, this is incredible history to me.
I've heard from others that are from Cochin - it seems like this battle is still not well known even to those who lived here
@@FlashPointHx Yes, I am not surprised. But one of the fords mentioned in the video called Pallurty is still there.
@@FlashPointHxSame 🙌🏻 I'm also from kochin. Nobody taught in this much detail..
This battle is known as the "Portuguese Thermopylae" and Pereira was called the "Portuguese Achilles" by Luís de Camões
Very educational and fun to watch at the same time.
You are firmly in my Top 5 favorite UA-cam channels. I love that you expertly explore different topics than the same stuff regurgitated over and over by other channels. Keep it up and thank you!!
Wow, thank you!
This is a really exciting video that had me gripping the edge of my seat on whether Duarte Pacheco Pereira would make it in the face of continuous Zamorin attacks. Hats off to his wisdom, and tactical finese that stave off the assaults! A great use of his preparation and knowledge, and decisive actions saved the city!
Really happy you liked my video so much!
O grande Aquiles Lusitano
He was indeed
Well done! Your work is greatly appreciated. All of our subscribers who have seen your films want you to know how much they appreciate it.
Thank you so much
The exact meaning of quality beats quantity
Nicely said - agree
I'm proud I'm portuguese, excelent vídeo, Duarte Pacheco Pereira was a strategic as well as his mentor, Afonso de Albuquerque
Albuquerque? Now that I know of the name .....all of a sudden. He's everywhere !!! hahahaha. Thx for the tidbit. 👍
oh my gooood its out
Yes Sir!
More history fra Portugal and Spain, great video thanks!
I am from kozhikode, then Calicut. The House of samoothiri/zamorin family is near my house. The zamorins lost their power after Hyder ali's ( father of tipu sultan)conquest. Calicut and Malabar was handed later over to British east India company after the Treaty of Seringapatam by Tipu in 1792.
Took them 300 years and three European powers to take them down
@@FlashPointHxMost of them were vassals of Europeans and until 1792 European powers were not much interested in conquering and subduing this entire region. They just wanted the trade surplus. The EIC knowing the strategic importance of this region by 1800s, annexed this region to the madras presidency.
Very well done! That’s just about how I remember it.
I hope paypal has worked.
You deserve these contributions.
Hannibal Barca and Scipio Africanus, after their great successes, were also target of envious individuals inside their home countries.
Great job, good sir!
Haven't gotten anything from PayPal today - when did you send ?
This series is so well done! Thanks for covering this less covered subject
Glad you enjoy it!
Vasco de Gama was also an explorer of North America in Texas and the American Southwest.
As was Bartholomew Diaz in the American southwest.
Great information and delivery of this historic event. I hadn’t heard about the battle in this detail showing tactics employed. Thank you!
Glad you enjoyed it
Great job once again.
I leave my comment for the algorithm.
This is my favourite channel. Good job, Sr. Good job!
Fantastic work. Thank you so much. 💙
(Flash point history) channel is always sharing wonderful narration and historical valuable works..thanks for sharing
Anytime :)
"Os Descobrimentos portugueses" were the most epic aventure on human history.
The illustration is crisp
Wow!!!
Glad to have found this channel!! Looking forward to seeing more 👊🏼😎
Welcome aboard Grunt - happy you liked my video!
First I learned of this battle and your channel. So neat! Right up my alley.Thanks.
Glad you enjoyed it!
Awesome video. It was well told and informative as well as entertaining
This is very good.
Thanks!
Excellent video, it breaks down the battle in an entertaining and comprehensive way. I'm looking forward to more videos focusing on battle strategies. Keep up the good work!
Think you’ll like the battle of Diu then - it’s coming up
Thanks for your hard work FPH!
My pleasure!
I see this nice content one more time. And I'm waiting for the next one!
Finally i found the time to enjoy this. Thanks for this awesome Story
Nice. My new favorite channel
Very well paced, good clear info yet entertaining 👏 👌
Much appreciated!
Great video, great battle, great UA-cam channel!
Appreciate it Tusiria!
@@FlashPointHxI see you included the summary of the battle at 27:29 =D I'm flattered that you found my suggestion worthy of your video. Thank you for that honor ;)
@@Tusiriakest hey - when I hear a good idea I use it ;)
Wow, nice video, not a well known battle by any means but great background info and presentations.
Much appreciated!
Fascinating history. Thanks for posting.
Can’t tell if you’re a bot or this is just a clip and paste - happy you liked my videos
Killing me buddy - say something different
Love this channel 🔥🔥🔥
Congrats! The video is great.
Im from Edapally, Kochi... And this is personal. Being a wartime history fan, never gave much thought about this event. Thanks
I had to look your town up when I made this video - used good earth to look around. Seems like you have a beautiful temple in the center. Happy you liked this video as well
@@FlashPointHx Yes. We have one of the main temples connected with onam celebration of Kerala. Also the biggest Church in Asia is in Edapally. Nearby Edapally masjid is also famous as it's made by Edapally Raja for muslim soldiers of Samuthiri /Zamorin of Calicut ( spelled as Samudri in ur video). Come visit oneday 😊
Another for the great work and the almighty algorithm
Very well done and outstanding narration!
Thank you kindly!
As someone who has visited cochin (now kochi) irl, Both the animation and the narration were amazing, Much respect from India !
Thank you!!
I second this .... FOR THE ALGORITHM!!!!
Thanks!!
great new video. downloading it right now
Excellent historical video! I learned something new.
Glad to hear it!
You 're the Man!
Thank gods for the algorithm. Nice vids. Immediately subbed
Nice - welcome!
Captivating! :)
Excelling once more 👌
Thanks a lot 😊
Great campaign
Love your work guys! You're amazing 🎉🎉🎉🎉❤❤❤
Thank you Daniel!
@@FlashPointHx np
Well done.
Great!!
Good work
Awesome video
Thanks!
Let's gooooo. Great video!
Love From Cochin ❤️
Your work is sofa king good
I have never heard that expression before fisher
@@FlashPointHx now you have 😉
Good job
Excellent doco thank you, how many great people in history have been falsely accused by their enemies in court and either killed by the state or ruined by them.
As they say life is not fair.
Scipio Africanus was exactly the same. Saved the Roman Republic - defeated Hannibal at Zama and yet was destroyed by his own people