What are these Mysterious Prehistoric Towers in Scotland?
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- Опубліковано 29 вер 2024
- All across northern Scotland, you can still see the skeletal remains of prehistoric skyscrapers. Unique to Scotland, these enigmatic Iron Age towers are called brochs. 2,500 years ago, these drystone structures dominated the Highlands and Islands, yet so much of their story remains shrouded in mystery. Join Tristan Hughes as he ventures across northern Scotland to investigate these extraordinary ancient buildings.
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The journey begins in western Scotland, at Dun Telve, with one of the best preserved brochs in Scotland. Filled with iconic, structural features, the remains epitomise the skill of the prehistoric architects who constructed this building more than 2 millenia ago. Next, Tristan heads to Caithness, a region of Scotland renowned as the beating heart of brochs because of the sheer quantity of these ancient towers found here. With help from Iain Maclean of the Caithness Broch Project, Tristan learns how these towers were constructed using Iron Age tools.
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#historyhit #prehistoric #ironage
What bothers me about modern people is that when they look at building projects from the past they think of every thing that could possibly explain how it was built. Aliens,magic, what ever, except common sense and experimentation with tools and techniques. The majority of the measurement tools throughout all time is string and gravity.
You're wrong. Its obviously aliens. If we don't understand it then its got to be aliens. No way a human could be that smart! (This is sarcastic in case anyone was wondering)
@@M1701-d8s humans keep getting stupider, but think they keep getting smarter. Thats why the groups who control the world all hate the Bible, because anyone reading it can see how people were smarter and keep getting stupider and that we need God and Jesus and the Spirit
It's obviously aliens because they still haven't explained how the center of all these structures atomically align with the center of the earth when you look at them from above. Clearly only aliens would see these structures from the sky.
Most people don’t believe in aliens. The world is way bigger than the USA. If it isn’t god or jesus it must be aliens. Even among americans the people that bring magic into real life are becominga minority. They are louder that’s all there is to it.
Nothing beats a string line or plumb line 👍 still use them all the time - gravity doesn’t fail, ever!
Is there much of a difference between these and the mot and bailey layout?
Too big for two men? LOL. in Uni a students car collapsed into a ditch in a heavy rain, he called a tow. I looked about and we had >10 men sitting about. We went outside and lifted his car out of the ditch. Modern people seriously underestimate the strength of large groups of people working together.
Too big for the scrawny men in this video maybe... But not Mel Gibson
He said two men, not 10+ men, mate.
@@niemandkeiner8057 Would you rather get a few guys together to lift a few stones or spend a day or more to build an earthen ramp 1.5m high?
@@fantabuloussnuffaluffagus Why not both? This isn't something you can build over a weekend anyway. I agree that modern people underestimate how much can be accomplished by hand, btw.
We also underestimate how much stronger people of those times were in comparison to people today. Everything they did required manual labor.
All the best to The Caithness Broch project, and my thanks to the History Hit team for this great video! 🌟👍
They do realize that people have built all our great monuments by HAND right? Check the Tanjavur Periyakovil - they lifted a sculpted 80 ton block to the top of the worlds largest religious tower or Gopuram in Tamil by hand. People can do incredible things when they put their minds, hearts and wallets into it.
These construction techniques look similar to those in the construction of the Great Zimbabwe remains. Also South Africa has what seems to have been thousands of stone circular wall remnants scattered across the landscape. I had never hear of a Broch till I stumbled upon this video.
They remind me a bit of the Sardinian Nuraghe structures, which where used as fortresses or residences or storehouses (nobody really knows). But the shape of these Brochs look quite similair. It is also interesting that they are both build long ago; brochs roughly since 600 BC and Nuraghes roughly since 2000 BC until roughly 700 BC.
I see Dundornalilla there, or Dundornagail as you may know it. Thats where I'm from. I wrote a 40 page paper on Brochs in 1984, when I was 16. And another on souterrains. There's a great broch in Mousa, in Shetland, almost intact. Thanks for the video.
Damm you look good for 112yrs,what's the secret?
@@chicktait5544 I corrected it :)
Hàlo, a charaid. Ciamar a tha sibh? Tha Gàidhlig na h-Alba agad?
@@cleverusername9369 No, my fathers first language was Gaelic, but I am not fluent in it.
@@stewartmackayso sad that we’ve lost so much of Scottish culture and language.
Very very interesting! i've never heard abouy Brochs..they look similar to Sardinian's Nuragic structures, built 3000-3500 years ago and still shrouded in mystery
likely they are the remains of a once shared coastal european culture from scotland on the atlantic to sardinia in the mediterranean.
@@bernardmolloy4463 can you imagine that?!? History is full of mistery indeed, and we'll never get answers probably...not me for sure, maybe humanity one day
Possibly they were inhabited by giants, the possible survivors of the Atlantean civilisation.
@Tigerbear Monkeyman thank you for your information. Have you a reference text or video where I could learn more about this ? 🙏
@Tigerbear Monkeyman thanks. Actually I live in Sardinia and there is ample evidence for instance of the presence of the giants: from the innumerable Tombs of the Giants, so called to this day even though conventional archeology refuses to admit this has anything to do with “tall people”. Also the folklore carries reminiscences like in the name of the very masks used during the Carnival that is a giveaway: Mammuthones, (mamoth=giant) remembering the remote times when the real giants would have entered the villages searching for food in the form of children and inhabitants. Fascinating.
Yet academia ignores everything, this is the incredible thing !
Scotland 🏴 has a very fascinating and strong 💪 history 🏰 ☦️🏴✝️ 📜
The things you can do without spending time watching TV, or on the internet. Or reading even.😉
There are many, many of these in the North. Some easy to find, some not so much. There's hundreds that are sadly just a pile of stones, but some are in amazing condition.
Its a real joy for me to find these!
People in the ancient world were no doubt smarter, healthier, and stronger than we are. There was no option to be lazy. You had no choice but to figure it out, solve your problems, and work...or perish. They also had plenty of time to use their brains, to contemplate, to consider. No TV, no internet to distract, no entertainment venues, etc. their brains probably worked much better than ours do. The stakes were high for them all the time, they couldn’t afford to get it wrong.
"What are these Mysterious Prehistoric Towers in Scotland?"
Haggis factories.
Regarding Building With Large Stones: Its also quite logical that wood & Rope Bock and Tackle or basic crane like device could have been used instead of ramps so that multiple people or an animal could be used (like an ox) to haul such up. Since wood & rope rot away there would not be any evidence left behind of this but there is no reason to assume that an iron age culture would not have had them since they were known to the Bronze Age cultures of Greece, Egypt, Rome etc.
Weren't they pretty dark inside with no windows at all?
@@suebeattie5101 light:
I'd assume they had windows in the roof, as well as a central fire.
The central, open fire was common in simpler houses until very recently.
If you lived there all your life, you'd rarely need light to use the stairs or rooms with simpler funcions.
And just because there are no big windows, doesn't mean no light would come in through smaller holes.
Even between the stones- if they didn't seal those joints with clay and moss against the wind.
Block, tackle, a frame holding them up and especially handmade rope require a serious amount of work to make, unless they were already in daily use anyway.
Most stones look small enough, and i'd assume the bigger ones were shuffled along ramps inside the building.
Simple inclined wooden beams for completed stories, or the partially completed wall they were currently working on.
If you have two points of contact, close the the balance point of a heavy object, you can just tip it from side to side and push it forward.
I use that all the time to move some bigger things on my own.
I would certainly hope that people of the iron age had wood and rope.
Croft houses on the west coast of Scotland even up to the middle of the last century were community built. Not all members were “qualified” tradesmen.
Nothing has changed 😂😂😂😂
Didn't they have double walls with an insulation cavity, so the wind and rain could get through the first wall but would not pass the cavity to reach the second wall?
{:o:O:}
It's not "an archaic looking spirit level". It's a rather normal plumb level.
Perhaps our grandfathers had a bit more skill and intelligence than we give them credit for and maybe they didn't spend all day on their "smart" phones playing candy crush and dead bunny like we do.
Fascinating! I wonder, we don't see this kind of building in Scandinavia, might it have something to do with the abundance of wood here and perhaps a lack of it in Scotland?
Historically, there were a lot more forested areas when Broch building occurred than now.
Maybe climate was a factor , wood is better insulation
@@outinthesticks1035 I'm inclined to agree. Heating medieval stone castles was a very costly (and largely ineffective) undertaking and I'd imagine people would've rather chosen warmer structures most of the time.
Very interesting as always. Although you say Broch's are unique to Scotland they do resemble the Nuraghe in Sardinia.
And Gobekli Tepe!
And Norman mottes. "Circular tower inside a wall" is basically the default Celtic large building design. There were a lot of Celtic tribes, living in a lot of different places, so there are a lot of variations on that idea. And since it's a really good design, a lot of these buildings survive.
I love these reconstruction projects. I visited a reconstruction of a crannog in Scotland. (Burned down recently) and it was fascinating.
The Crannog burning down is such a shame. It was a really effective learning and teaching resource.
@@alexythemechanic8056 Yes it was! I hear they are building it back better than ever. I hope it goes well for them
@Tigerbear Monkeyman Hadn't heard the reason being fire. Security, status and trade routes on water yes. I don't think anyone claims to know for sure.
Tristan is an excellent presenter. I’ve said it before, will say it again his “The Ancients” podcast is superb! 🍸
I quite enjoyed the music in this episode. Very groovy, found myself involuntarily dancing a wee bit. Also the presenter looks like he could be Jude Law's older brother who got into history instead of acting.
The Picts arrived in today's Scotland about 6000 years ago they were the builders❤
I hate to pick nits, but it's door "jamb" not "jam".
So you say ComB ???
@@iainmaclean612 I was referring to the spelling, which appeared on the screen.
Can we get videos like this on Crannogs.
And
Other Stone Structure in Scotland from prehistory to pre industrial times.
Archeologists are very good at coming upwith theories. What does annoy me at times is that they move in tight groups, and often miss the obvious. I like this idea that Broch builders made themselves a kit of spirit levels. They seem to ignore that people with lifetime skills developed an " eye" for the job. Evidence of this can be seen in boat and shipbuilding, complex curves and a perfect symmetry were created with a well developed line of sight
Brilliant comment….. here n Lancashire we call it “the rack of the eye” every tradesman is proud to use experience and judgment.
Ancient Egyptian statue work, ancient scrollwork all speak of a meticulous eye 👁🗨
To the person who did the intro, seriously this was dope. Wasnt expecting it in the history video at all but hope to see it more often!
don't listen to this fool, History Hit, the music sucked. It sounded as if you were trying to get comments like ^^^ this one ^^^ to up the ratings. Stay true.
@@jesperb8626 Yes, yes ofc. Ratings make my life better. 🤨
Rubbish they were built by a previous civilization, older than you know.
Reminds me the Battanian style of Lord hall in Bannerlord. The interior style looks alike a cave
In the thumbnail, it looks like a GRAIN-BIN. 😉
It seems incredibly similar to the ones we can find in Sardinia and Azores.
And the South African stone circles.
I thought they were Nuragic towers from the thumbnail.
The foundation layout of the last Broch in the film looks similar to the ancient sites found in South Africa. Refer to Michael Tellinger films.
Those ruins you refer to are the ruins of Great Zimbabwe which was founded in the 9th century AD
There seems to be a lot of stuff going on in Orkney and Shetland in the late neolithic.
Its not that mysterious. Scotland would have been largely wooded tribal and dangerous. If you build one of these things your clan and animals are safe inside from predators and other clans
. We have similar things in ireland only instead of stone they made artifical islands
5:56 i thought he was about to say "The stones in iron age times were a lot heavier"
My home is in The Ozark Mountains in The US. That is significant because not only are those mountains infamous for the amount of rock (sandstone) you have to shift to build nearly anything, but also for the Scottish and Irish ancestry of its longtime inhabitants.
Dry stone structures were not uncommon, especially as fences around fields, which were made from the stone cleared from that field. There is also a style of house exterior that uses the linear splits in a vertical configuration, albeit with the aid of concrete for mortar.
Our first house was 4 large rooms that set into the hill at the back which meant the front of the house set about 4 or 5 feet above the ground due to its slope. Dad used stacked rock pillars under the floor to brace it. He did not make an effort to shape or split the rocks, just used ones that were flattish. Having experienced that and many other stone DIYs in the family and small surrounding community, I completely understand why so few brochs still stand. Not only because not everyone is a master Mason, but I believe that "...good enough for now-we'll fix that later..." would have been most of my ancestors' mantra!
Fascinating! Had never heard of these. Every day I learn something new is a good day, so Thank you!
Greets from the Netherlands 🌷, T.
It is surprising the stone was not reused over the years
There were mostly robbed of stone for house. Most of them are now piles of stone.
But it was.
Where do you think all the missing parts of these ruins went ? To the moon ?
Make for a lovely bit of rock garden, one trunk full at a time 😂
Thank you excellent. I may subscribe. These buildings are very similar to the towers of the almost concurrent Nuragic civilization un Sardignia.
I have been in the Mousa Broch, a wonder of engineering.
That was so interesting! I wonder why lots of them were near the sea? I know the shores diminished a lot but still
Food source? shellfish and fishing?
Transport was mostly by water
@@lmccampbell can't afford London?
@@julianshepherd2038 yes indeed. The sea was the highway of the time.
@@helenamcginty4920 ... and still is.
It's where they used to keep Haggis to harvest their eggs, duh.
These look similar to Zimbabwe ruins. Very similar stone colour and “brick” size and shape. Very interesting similar build in Scotland and in Zimbabwe. Thousands of of years old. Mystery
Wrong! How is it a mystery? The Zimbabwe ruins are not "thousands of years old" - the building of the African towers started around 1100 AD so the Brochs are much older, three times taller & two to three times greater in diameter. If you want to build a hollow tower the strongest shape is a cone - so there's absolutely no mystery here.
If you are serious about learning more about Brochs then check out the Caithness Broch Project
Check them culls out! :)
The word " Brochs" sounds very similar to the german word "Burg" (fortified site). I wonder if there is any connection.
Yes they have the same root. 'Burg, Borg, Brough, Broch' all the same word. we take the word broch from the vikings who settled in the north of Scotland and named these structures Brochs from the Old Norse 'borg'
Prehistoric means the period before the invention of writing. If these construction are only 2000 years old then they are not prehistoric
The culture that built them must have been preliterate. Sure, the Romans were writing on parchment scrolls then, but the Picts and Scots were not. If anyone who could read and write visited one of these and wrote about it, their account has not survived. The Vikings may have interacted with the broch occupants, but they have not left any records of that either. Hardly anything (bar Gildas) written by their contemporaries in Roman Britain has come down to us.
It now appears that long before there was much cultural centering down south around Stonehenge and similar centres, that the far North West and North Eastern parts of Scotland held an older culture which slowly , then suddenl;y migrated southerly to eventually end up as Stonehenge culture. Niel Oliver does an excellent BBC archaeology show on it, and focused upon, in particular, and still very much on-going so far as the current research goes, around the Ness of brodgar site not too far from the Stones. It is AMAZING. Especially now that well researched artistic impressions of it's buiidings and structures are coming to light. And shows a similar grasp of stone work as the, later, brochs did, and appears to show it as a culture which may have seeded the coming 'british' neolithic age, spreading as it did southerly.
It is still not exactly clear why this culture suddenly stopped. Whether voluntary, or perhaps forced due to water-level changes? Who knows yet?
.). It may be possible the later 'Pictish' peoples may have some descendency from them. We shall see. But we don't really quite know. So much of trhe Picts histories and tales were wiped out by Scots and Britons/Celts
A recreation of how the main settlement may have appeared: i0.wp.com/www.scottishportal.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/flk9514892853.jpg?ssl=1
there seems to also be a special religious stone arrangement very nearby too.
The BBC Niel Oliver show should give you the basic footing on this one, and there will be plenty of up-to-date findings and interpretations if you simply websearch ''Ness Of brodgar 2024''
Remember, these sites pre-date stonehenge, and the pyramids! WOW!
It'd be so lovely to have full-size replicas made of these amazing settlements.
Also, there are so many of the Scottish Castles which should be refurbished with the woodworks without which we usually get a wrong impression of what almost all of them really looked like.
(A-frames were used by many iron age cultures to lift stones high with few people. but many history folk seem to bypass this obvious and simple, but very very ancient means of erecting, and lifting stones.)
(Did you know the stone humanoids at Rapanui (Easter Island) were ''walked'' to their destinations?
The bottoms of each statue were designed as it transpires, so that a small group of people could tilt them side to side/back to front,. in a rhythmic, tilting manner, so that the statues would ''walk'' to their end point. So, the old legends about the ''giants' 'walking' there were not quite fables at all.)
They were obviously built as dinosaur forts, to defend velociraptors from larger predators. Around them would be general living spaces where they might dry meat from their prey to preserve it. Often they butchered their food using their claws alone. Leathers made by velociraptors preserved telltale scratches from the tip of their largest claws, which they used to scrape the subcutaneous fats off the skins.
🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
Clever girl
Much like the later "KEEPS" still seen in some town centers especially in Italy......Werer actually "safe houses" for the towns people......
Some Castles also had Keeps....
How is anything newer than the Egyptian Dynasties classed as "Pre-History"? Pre-history is usually referencing a period of time BEFORE writing was created.
But what if Tristan Hughes isn’t handy? Don’t get me wrong, I *love* building brochs with Tristan, but don’t you think we should learn to build them _without_ him? Just in case?
I really think the bases of the Brock was made to support a far higher structure , For seeing very far , very good defensively :)
It would be cool for them to build an entire broch with iron age techniques and experimental archeology. Think of Guedelon Castle in France, but with a broch. Not only educational but a potential tourist attraction.
2:09 That should be "Jamb", not "Jam".
As per Wikipedia "A doorjamb, door jamb (also sometimes doorpost) is the vertical portion of the door frame onto which a door is secured."
Thanks for this interesting history lesson. Never been to Scotland but have deep roots there.
I've been many times . You can't beat a full Scotish Breakfast with Haggis and lorne sausage !!. The artery clogging experience is something to be savoured followed by the 'pièce de résistance', a deep fried Mars Bar !!. Yum !!.
Obviously they are early whisky destilleries 😂! The door is supposed to keep the drenk from escaping, not to stop anyone from getting in, otherwise the closing beam would have been on the inside...
it's pretty well known that Iron age Britain was not only in contact with the rest of Europe but also the Greek / Hellenistic world. The Greeks understood and used pulleys, gearing, cranes etc. So no reason to assume they didn't here.
People were stronger back in the day, it's possible they just picked the stones up themselves. I've heard of Covenantors and Highlanders capable of throwing boulders.
Nothing says _“prehistoric Scotland”_ like a thumpin’ R&B riff…
Stop calling them Mega Structures, its like maybe 7 stories tall. Impressive but not mega like a Dyson sphere mega structure.
I am just always happy to see anything built long ago that some jackhole doesn't automatically say was either a temple or an observatory. Look, three stones stacked on top of each other, yep....must be the remains of a temple. Look, if you look up in the sky you will find there is at least one star in alignment with it....Eureka.....we know the whole story.
You'd put those slabs on timber beams and loft them up. You wouldn't build a ramp to get them up. Two brickys could get that up there without any tools
If you have the stones on site and 4 or 5 guys it is quite quick to build it
Key to lifting heavy stones is to keep your feet close together and lift with your back
these are Nurages, has anybody done a study onthe similarities of the two structures?
The music is a bizarre choice contrasting the subject…. Otherwise fantastic production.
9:40 Scotch - land! really????
Disappointing and racist will be reporting this
House Castle 🏰
Why does this guy talk as if this structure being built without mortar is a bad thing?
It has survived thousands of years without mortar and it doesn't look at all like it fell down on its own.
Seems like some history is being suppressed here, this structure dates back to the bronze age or earlier not the iron age.
What a cool project. I know this is a year old. I wonder how things are coming along? Thanks for sharing this.
These look similar to the ones in Africa, and in other pRts of the world ,archeology has started finding from thousands of years ago,,.
there is a complete brock on the shetland islands guess they didn't have the budget. there is no proof of multi floor. they use their make believe one as an example while saying no two are the same. what a bunch of tripe. classic make believe history
Hope they get to build a full sized broch again, amazing project!
Love the lady's scottish accent. Somewhat Glaswegian??
No
That's a highland accent from Betty Hill Sutherland.Ill tell her you said that it will make her day!
Those what are left of people's houses....you are looking at the skeleton... They had rendering and roofs....
I do not know why we nowadays can only think of darn ramps to get heavy stones moving. Didn't the rapa nui teach us that there are much better ways than ramps and rollers?
A set of pulleys and a team of horses or oxen can lift a lot of weight and they had those as well but let's just ignore that and think they were all stupid and manually lifted everything in to place by hand and knew less than bronze age people that came before them🙄
Saw the thumnail. Looks like an obvious castle design to me. hope i could help.
If he thinks a third of a wall is impressive at Glenelg he should see the broch at Mousa.
I hope that the community finnishes this of and could be an quite an attraction for the area a authentic reconstruction .🤩👍
That design is very similar to how they lookin Ethiopia as well
12:46 Not the correct way to lift a heavy load lol, lift with your legs man
Interesting to see how my ancestors lived prehistory.
i saw those up in north scotland very impressive
They made a circle with a post and line. - no sh*t !
Never heard of them in my life. Glitch in the matrix
I stopped to see one of these I spotted when touring Britain in 1996, about 25 km North of Tain, called Cairn Liath. I found it very interesting, but sadly only about 3m of wall height remained. At approx 0AD, older than anything here in NZ!
Its truly amazing how these early Scottish civilisations (first century BC) applied basic geometry to their massive constructions. By comparison the similar Great Zimbabwe in Africa was only constructed in the 11th Century AC.
All built without mortar and it shows great signs of weathering.
You sure it comes from the iron age and not from before Roman times?
I am guessing the dating comes from artifacts found from around that time period in the area right?
But all that says is the site was also inhabited by later settlers does it not because this is a completely different style of contruction than anywhere else in England. There is no mortar being used.
The Iron Age dates from 800BC to 300AD
Not so mysterious.
There are at least two places I can think of where there are similiar structures.
China and I believe Italy.
They are family home/castles. For a time when your family was not safe unless behind an impenetrable wall.
Furthermore, as any kid who has ever played with bricks will tell you, a tower is an easy and natural construction to build.
those dont look that heavy three men and log steps ...
Receding slopes are "iconic" now?
They resemble the Sardinian Nuraghes.
what kind of Jacket is he wearing???
We have no idea if they did or did not use a plum blob. There is not written evidence. We're just guessing.
Yep we have no written record, but we intend to completely rebuild a faithful replica, so in the spirit of experimental archaeology we have to work out how they did it. part of this involves a degree of trial and error, logic, lateral thinking and an understanding of the technology and resources available to them at the time. This is what experimental archaeology is all about.
That last structure near the ocean with all the convoluted rooms going nowhere resemble the buried and semi-buried, ancient, stone "corrals" located by the 100s of thousands in South Africa generate strange energies.