Armenia-Azerbaijan | A Nagorno-Karabakh Peace Agreement
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- Опубліковано 3 чер 2024
- On 9 November 2020, Russia brokered a peace agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan, thus ending a six-week war between the two countries over the disputed enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh. But what exactly does the agreement say? And what does it mean for the future?
Hello and welcome! My name is James Ker-Lindsay. Here I take an informed look at International Relations with a focus on territorial conflicts, secession, independence movements and new countries. If you like what you see, please do subscribe. If you want more, including exclusive content and benefits, consider becoming a channel member. Many thanks!
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In 1992, the predominately Armenian-inhabited region of Nagorno-Karabakh, located in the south west of Azerbaijan, declared independence, sparking a major war between Armenia and Azerbaijan. At the end of the conflict, Armenia emerged victorious, having taken control of most of Nagorno-Karabakh and a number of surrounding districts. Despite efforts to reach a negotiated settlement, in recent years there has been a growing fear that the two countries would return to war, especially as Azerbaijan had dramatically increased its defence spending. On 27 September, these fears were realised. However, despite predictions of a long and protracted conflict, the war was over within six-weeks. So, how did it end so quickly? What exactly were the terms of the settlement? And who emerged as the main winners and losers? More to the point, is the Nagorno-Karabakh dispute really over?
CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
0:44 Background to the War
1:31 The Origins of the Nagorno-Karabakh War
4:23 What are the terms of the Peace Agreement?
6:17 The Significance for Azerbaijan and Armenia
9:26 Russia and Turkey emerge as Winners
11:34 What Happens Next with Nagorno-Karabakh
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FURTHER READING & USEFUL SOURCES
Peace Agreement [Government of Armenia] www.primeminister.am/en/press...
Ashgate Research Companion to Secession amzn.to/2FabXyh
The Creation of States in International Law amzn.to/2Fc5ouO
Satow's Diplomatic Practice amzn.to/2sF1Kak
Recognition in International Relations amzn.to/2SJJmaY
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Kosovo: The Path to Contested Statehood in the Balkans amzn.to/35jiBN2
The Foreign Policy of Counter-Secession amzn.to/2Qinm5t
My other books amzn.to/2MlP13u
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KEYWORDS
#Armenia #Azerbaijan #NagornoKarabakh
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#InternationalLaw #InternationalHistory
#Caucasus #Karabakh #Russia
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Although President Aliyev insists that there can be no status for Nagorno-Karabakh, is this really the case? And what alternatives could be on offer? Let me know in the comments below.
Well there's the possibility of a land swap...
Armenia get's Nagorno and Azerbaijan gets maybe the South of Armenia in exchange.
That's the best possible outcome.
Why will Armenia want to keep the south if is just a bunch of mountains with barely a few people i guess the land swap is the best outcome for both of them.
@0 0 so you're saying that Armenia should care more about a bunch of Mountains for defence in case of war than their own people living in Nagorno-Kharabak ?
F*ck Mountains I'll take care of the people if I was them.
You need to mention the areas around the Karabag region which had 6-7 times more population (Azerbaijanis) which were also captured and ethnic cleansing occurred. A lie by omission is still a lie, as you paint a picture of all Karabag region being Armenian, which is not true.
Before you accuse more of ignoring things, I specifically state at the start of this video that I did an earlier video on Nagorno-Karabakh and point people to watch that for the history of the dispute. If you do actually watch that video, you will see that I cover this. I specifically mention the IDPs as well as UN Security Council resolutions on the issue. Just because I don’t go over it again in this video for reasons of time, it doesn’t mean I have neglected it.
I really liked your video and it was pretty neutral until the part you claimed Azerbaijan would do ''ethnic cleansing and even genocide'' due i wonder where were you people while Armenia invaded those lands and displaced OVER 800,000 Azerbaijanis while killing tens of thousands?? I guess it doesn't count as ''ethnic cleansing nor genocide'' if Muslims are being killed??? This wicked double standarts is the whole reason why this conflict didn't end with a peaceful solution due so called ''humanist'' westerners never ever put enough pressure on Armenia even if they were extremely wrong in this conflict and the justice had to be served by force!! And Azerbaijan didn't capture entire Karabakh not only because a corridor between Azerbaijan and Turkey is very important also because there was always an Armenian autonomous oblast in Karabakh even 100 years ago and Karabakh wasn't ceded to Azerbaijan during Soviet era neither rather in 1921 with treaty of Kars so Azerbaijan always considered Karabakh as an autonomous oblast until those Armenians started to target Azerbaijani forces in 80s and it will remain as an autonomous oblast under Russian peacekeeper control today!! If you want to see who is trying to ethnic cleanse the region remove your rose-colored glasses please...
I hope there will be peace for both Azerbaijan and Armenia. Rest in peace for both Armenia and Azerbaijan soldiers who perished in this recent war.
Thank you. I completely agree with your sentiments. A lot of young soldiers will have tragically died fighting this war.
And we should all hope for peace that satisfies both sides and bring prosperity and stability to the region.
Karabakh is the homeland of Azerbaijanis. Mostly Azerbaijanis lived there. Do not spread false information
Karabakh is Azerbaijan!
After all the torture civilians and soldiers suffered then killed brutality getting beheaded as A Greek-Armenian I will never forgive and I will assure you that we will do everything possible so that they pay for what they did to every single brother and sister of ours
@@hermes7526 SINS of Our fathers..... But you as a son of new generation will continue the devil cycle to Murder and rape, or chose the path of Forgiveness and rebuilt a better future through frienship and brotherhood? To never forgive is to condemn your future son and daughter to become a Murderer, through reconciliation or hate through peace or being Annihilated and doom is all in the EverLasting darkness of Devil cycle "The Sins of Our Fathers"
I don't understand "obvious involvement of Turkey" if you mean the drones of Turkey then don't forget the Israeli drones.
Moreover, these drones have been bought by Baku, on the other hand Russia and Iran gave their military equipments to Armenia
free of charge. I think big winner is Russia because there are 2 thousands soldiers and sophisticated military equipments in Nagorna-Karabakh.
Turkey said if any country involve this conflict in Armenia's side. Turkey will involve this conflict too. This is a huge support to Azerbaijan. Secondly Turkey gived military training and equipments to Azerbaijan in last 25 years. Azerbaijan is the only former soviet republic who has NATO standarts army with support of Turkey
Have you seen the army of Azerbaijan? All ground and air equipment, air defense systems, artillery systems, small arms were purchased from Russia. From Turkey, they have a Bayraktar drone and several MRAPs
Turkish drons much more stronger than israel drons, and this war proved it! 🇹🇷👍
@@Yusufwankenobii Yeah if i am not speaking in russian because of my country's army and also Turkey's help.We will be
indebted to Turkey.Thanks....
Baku can afford them. Armenia can't. A small matter of Caspian oil and gas wealth. Oh, and Russia dosen't give anything away for free. Why should they, after all the Americans didn't during WW2. They practiced something called "lease lend". Also called "fighting a war and making a profit at the same time". Also called " the American way". Also called " if you use and loose it , you still have to pay for it". In other words hire-purchase. Yeah, ain't war cynical ? Cheers.
Good to see western news blogger, who talking reasonably well, objectively and not trying to demonise Russia. Just unbias facts. Keep up the good work.
Thank you so much for the kind comment of support. I really appreciate it. I can certainly be critical of Russia, and have been, but I like to think that I apply criticism (and praise) where it is due. I certainly don’t see the UK as wholly innocent in international affairs. If you are interested, do take a look at my videos on the US and Puerto Rico and Britain and the Chagos Islands.
Good and rare
Yes Russia is more than capable of demonizing itself.
My elders say, "if you want a peace, you must ready for a war.."
And I think Azerbaijan drones tell us a lot...
More Israeli drones than anything else
@@haroldaranda8042 Armenia shot down 8 Israeli drones at the start of the recent conflict and were beating the drums of victory. It was Turkish drones Bayraktar and İkinci that changed the game for Azerbaijan.
iTi Qovan means dog exterminator. 🙄
@SHeorte Benjumea keep dreaming boy, 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
@SHeorte Benjumea You are highly deluded it's ridiclous
this is the best unbias analysis i have seen so far..this guy deserve more subscriptions
Thank you so much for the kind words of support. I really appreciate it! By the way, do let me know if there are any topics you’d like to see me cover. I’m always delighted to receive suggestions.
Why were the four UN resolutions on NK not mentioned?
indeed
@@maldiviana6021 He selects what he wants to mention, lie by omission - He will point you to some video he did many moons ago. That way he technically has told the truth, thats best way to be bias with some level of defense. Its like me saying in 2002 I mentioned it, you should watch my video see I did mention it :P
Genocidic government of azerbaijan, nothing less, you are siting in your home and judging without knowing history of region
One most underrated Channel on UA-cam. Mr. James has done a huge research and present factual evidence to proffer his points. You deserve more and more subscriptions which you will soon achieve. I can certainly guarantee that!
Thank you so much for the incredibly kind comment. I really appreciate it. It’s always great to read such nice messages of support.
1st time i see no hypocrisy from western news blogger and talking reasonably
Thank you very much! :-)
One correction. The Russian army in this peace agreement is staying for 5 years and can extend its peace keeping mandate if Azerbaijan agrees for it. It's a very important achievement for Azerbaijan !
Thanks. In the original recording I covered this, but it interrupted the flow and so I had to leave it out. Unfortunately, this happens in most videos. But if you pause the video and read the text on the screen at the relevant moment, it is there. But thanks a lot for raising it.
@@JamesKerLindsay ❤️
They might leave if Azerbaijan gives them military bases.
@Memory, there is no place on earth where the Russian army enters and then leaves when their mandate runs out.
Even the Azeris understand the Russians won't be leaving so easily after 5 years. These are for all intents and purposes permanent military bases from the Russian prospective.
Russia got what it wanted. Not that I can truly blame them for doing so either considering Nato has been slowly creeping up on their borders for 20 years. I can imagine what a nightmare losing the Caucasus to Nato would be for Russia's strategic defense.
@@williamdavis9562 I still believe Russians can leave Azeris in peace after 5 years although I accept all these points, William.
This is the first unbiased analysis on the matter I found, Thanks
Thank you so much for the comment! I’m really glad it helped. I try to provide informed and considered analysis on international relations here.
Yeah unlike trt
Your assessment and analysis are comprehensive i.e. covering nearly all aspects of the issue that come to one's mind. Keep it up James! Love from Pakistan.
Thank you very much indeed for the really kind comment. I appreciate it. And really nice to hear that I have a viewer in Pakistan 🇵🇰 Warm regards from London.
amazing analysis on this situation and what it seems to happen, great breakdown in details, thanks.
Thank you very much. I really appreciate it.
Outstanding analysis.
Thank you very much. I really appreciate it!
thank you for this. I never considered that Russia and Turkey might want to delay the political settlement and keep the unanswered questions of governance in NK unresolved
Well summarised. Thank you James. Best wishes from Canada.
Thank you so much. I hope that you are keeping well.
This was a wonderful analysis. You've earned a new subscriber!
Thank you so much. That’s incredibly kind and much appreciated. By the way, do let me know if there are any issues you would like to see me cover. I’m always really pleased to hear suggestions and take them up when I can.
Not to right or left you keep the line straight you make honest analysis bravo brother 👍
Thank you very much indeed. I appreciate the comment.
Great analysis!
wow, beautiful explanation brother!!
The clarity of this presentation is extensive!
Thank you. I tried my best. There were a lot of rather interesting angles to the situation and a lot of confusing questions. It only really all makes sense if you understand what Azerbaijan wanted and what Russia wanted and then fit them together.
Nice discussion! Thank you brother. Keep it up..
Thank you for a clear and concise breakdown. I have a weird hobby of studying conflicts but normally have to sort through either bias, indifferent, and/or ill-informed media to figure out what happened.
Thank you so much! I really appreciate the kind message of support. As you can see, you aren’t alone. I have the same interest. (I even did a PhD in Conflict Analysis.) I think you might have found the right channel! Do let me know if there are any particular conflicts that you would like me to look into. I am always keen to hear ideas and suggestions.
Well done James, I have been following myself the NK conflict in many years though I have expected Azeris winning the war but not so quickly, however you did not mention another winner in this conflict neither u mention another looser in this conflict, Israel is a big winner in this conflict too, if you look how many flights had taken place between AZ and Israel durring the war its clear Israelis have played a big role in supporting Azeris in which in return Israelis have consolidated their foothold next to Iran.
Another looser in this war is Iran, Iran having a massive Azeris ethnics in their border had confusing statements and failed badly in their peace proposal plus they have indeed alienated Azeris and pushed them into Israelis and Turkish sphere of influences.
Once again, thanks for your well informed piece of work. ✌✌
Thank you very much indeed. You are very right. I actually had a much longer section in winners and losers, but had to cut it out for time reasons. I try to keep videos to 10-15 minutes. But thanks a lot for raising these points.
I agree in your assessment that Israelites are definitely winner. Great advertisement for their increase sale of the drones . India has already purchased many of them too. Drone warfare is ahead of our civilization and the soldiers operating behind these drones could be as younger as 10 years old with joystick in their hands.
@@JohnMardirossian Oh, that sounds awful to see humans will be killed by computers brutally. I think Iran was a big loser because had not participated in ceasefire agreement and it seems they are losing their previous land link between Turkey and Azerbaijan and Nakhjavan.
You have done a good job by explaining the Issues in that part of the world.
I think it must be a delight for Mr. Ker-Lindsay's students to have such a great professor with intriguing lectures. Just watching these videos makes me wanting to dig deeper into the International relations, maybe this would even persuade me to study such thing at the university, as I'm just a secondary school student right now, who knows... :)
Excellent video as always.
Thanks a lot. I must say that the end if the conflict came as a bit of a surprise. It was clear Armenia was losing the war, but I don’t think anyone saw this coming. Strangely though, with the benefit of hindsight, it seems a rather obvious outcome for all parties.
There are no winners here!!!
Painful sufferings endured in 90s mainly by Azerbaijani innocent civilians is now being endured by Armenians….Once again innocent woman and children suffering the most and it is sooo painful to watch…I hope one day both neighbours will put their differences aside and live in peace side by side as neighbours should. When I see any child watching mum crying with hopelessness in her eyes and full of fright, makes me feel ashamed to be a man…
Zihni Yalcin
Great wishing . But as long as dictators like Erdogan,Aliyev and Putin is alive don’t expect any piece in your life time.
In 1989, Nagorno-Karabakh had a population of 192,000, of which 76% was Armenian and 23% Azerbaijani, with Russian and Kurdish minorities. Please note it was lowest % of Armenians who lived there. The issue started because of Armenian who lived on their historical lands which were given to Azerbaijan by Soviet Union were getting murdered and discriminated for their culture and religion. That’s why first war started. Unfortunately Armenian people were getting murdered, discriminated and moved out of their ethnic lands for centuries. Unfortunately $ and world corruption keeps getting wars everyday in many countries. Everything related to these lands goes back to Armenian genocide time started at the end of 19th century and beginning of 20th century.
At Paris Peace Conference in 1919 it was proposed to create large (320,000 km2 or 125,000 sq mi) Armenian state, including the territory of former Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia with total population of 4.3 million, 2.5 million of which would be Armenians.
The Treaty of Sèvres was signed between the Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire at Sèvres, France on 10 August 1920. The treaty included a clause on Armenia: it made all parties signing the treaty recognize Armenia as a free and independent state. The drawing of definite borders was, however, left to U.S. President Woodrow Wilson and the United States State Department, and was only presented to Armenia on 22 November 1920. The new borders gave Armenia access to the Black Sea and awarded large portions of the eastern provinces of the Ottoman Empire to the republic.
The Treaty of Sèvres was signed by the Ottoman Government, but Sultan Mehmed VI never signed it and thus never came into effect. The Turkish Revolutionaries, led by Mustafa Kemal Pasha, began the Turkish National Movement which, in opposing any territorial concessions to either the Greeks or the Armenians, moved forward with their plans to crush the Armenian republic.
@@Gevorga Do you really think Atatürk moved only against Armenia? Or against all the Invaders
Anyway
After the War of Independence, Sevres is no longer valid
Treaty of Lausanne is signed and Turkish Republic was born. End of story
I am reading the armenians' responses to you comment, and I see why this war was inevitable. Their territorials claims extend far and above. Somehow they had their own "countries and kingdoms" in Azerbaijan, Turkey, Russia, Greece... this is just amazing.
@@JohnMardirossian What about Kochrian, Sargsyan, Pashinyan? Not only are they dictators but also murderers (except for Pashinyan) who personally massacred innocent civillians in Khojaly. Better think twice before calling those leaders dictators. Pashinyan is no way better than his predecessors. Don't you see what he has been doing to your people and opposition leaders. Is he any democratic?
Finally a reasonable unbiased and calm analysis ... Thank you very much for the analysis.
I don't know if you read comments on old videos, but I've been looking for a channel like yours for a long time. News in my country is so US-centric I never hear about any of this stuff, and I like to know what's happening in the world. Instant fan, instant sub. Keep up the good work.
Thank you very much indeed. I’m so glad you like the channel. I do try to take a look at issues that aren’t getting much attention, but are nevertheless significant. And I always try to respond to as many comments as I can. Although sometimes it gets hard. Some videos attract a lot of comments. (Invariably quite abusive! It rather goes with the territory.) Anyway, do let me know if there are any issues you’d like to see me cover. I’m always keen to hear suggestions.
Unbiased well explained keep it up will definitely share your channel. 🎖
Thank you so much. I really appreciate it.
Hi James, as much I understand origin of countries, let’s not forget of both people lives peacefully in past and can live peacefully in the future.
Thanks. One would hope so. But I think it is also important to recognise the deep level of hatred that has developed over a considerable period of time. If will take a lot to overcome this. But I fully agree with you. Hopefully at some point the people of Armenia and Azerbaijan will find a way to live together as neighbours and form good cooperative relations. If Germany and France can do it, after so many brutal wars, so can they!
@@JamesKerLindsay could not say better than that! Thank you
yes, they could live peacefully, if they had different leaders. Pashinyan might be replaced, but Alijev is there to stay. Not to forget Erdogan, who never tried to bring both parties to the table but encouraged the war to go on. Now I think, Azerbaijan, who won the war, should act in a way that makes Armenians feel the less humiliated as possible, still showing that they are stronger.
I think that a good amount of people in Azerbaijan would do this, but I strongly doubt that Alijev himself would act this way.
He might have his personal reasons for that, but he clearly shows by his attitudes, how much he enjoys seeing the Armenian people humiliated that much.
He definitely doesn't have a high moral stature.
Ghe Musci
Erdogan and Aliyev are in same predicament.
As long as armenian nation demand back their ancestral lands that were taken from them by genocidal acts, there would be no piece.
@John Mardirossian by doing so, Armenia will further damage itself in every aspect: even worse economy, already shrinking population, etc. it is about time to forget all the nationalistic BS for the sake of a better future.
Great analysis of the situation! I was in particular interested in the 'alleged ' linking corridor between Azerbaijan proper and the Nakhivan enclave. You have covered this very clearly, so thank you :)
Thank you very much.
Dear Sukram, you may also want to know why Nakhchivan is an enclave i.e., a part of Azerbaijan that is cut off the mainland Azerbaijan. It seems weird when looking at the map. The truth is a long corridor-looking Armenian territory between Nakhchivan and Azerbaijan was an Azerbaijani province called Zangazur until 1920 when bolshevik government annexed both Nakhchivan and Zangazur to Armenia. But a few months later Nahkchivan was given back to Azerbaijan thanks to the efforts of the then leader of Azerbaijan Narimanov. Of course Armenians renamed Zangazur as they practised in Karabakh renaming every single village that has been occupied in the past 30 years.
And when Turkey eventually p****s off all of its allies it will have to build a corridor all the way to China. Perhaps they could call it the Silk Road. Or The Orient Express. Erdogans Folly would probably be more fitting. And before anyone points out, I'm well aware that such a project would probably be Erdogans dream.
Thank you for information
Thanks for watching!
Another excellent video! You kind of casually drop an opinion at the end which I see at least one other person has commented on, and I was also wondering about it: you say that Nagorno-Karabakh/Artsakh is no longer a defacto state. Now based on our previous back and forths on this topic (to rehash if we are specifically talking about states with limited or no foreign recognition I think it’s fair to put them all in the same category to start before subcategorizing based on their specific situations, but I digress) where we dove pretty deep into this, I believe that you’re saying the entity no longer a de facto state because 1. it doesn’t have functional control over a majority of its claimed territory, as South Ossetia or Transnistria do, and 2. it is, post-defeat, reliant on foreign military intervention to maintain the border/frontline rather than genuine local strength, am I understanding your take correctly?
And if so, I guess the follow-up would be: if you are indeed putting genuine breakaway states, like Somaliland, and foreign puppets well-enough disguised as genuine breakaway states, like Abkhazia, in one category, and entities like post-defeat Nagorno-Karabakh in another category, 1. what would you call these latter entities (other than just “entities”) if not states/defacto states, and 2. would this category which now includes post-defeat Nagorno-Karabakh/Artsakh presumably also include entities such as the Donbas republics, the 2020-era South Yemen, or Ambazonia? (Actually come to think of it, the 1945-46 Soviet puppet states in nearby Iranian Azerbaijan and Kurdistan may also have fit into this latter category of those you don’t consider defacto states)
Very Well explained the conflict Mr James,
A subscriber is on the way, with questions..
Thank you so much. That’s great! And I always like to get questions. I try to answer as many as I can.
Such an outstanding analysis!
Thank you very much.
I am pleasantly surprised by this geopolitical analysis. Now you got a new subscriber. And I will also go through your channel and watch your other videos. Thank you.
I love your concise and unbiased analysis.
Thank you so much! It’s very kind of you. I really appreciate it.
10:15 you say Russia and Armenia are in defense agreement CSTO and so Russia is expected to get involved, however i believe you missed a key detail, that Russia would only be inclined to intervene if the war spilled over into internationally recognized Armenian borders. This is how i percieve it anyway.
The government in Karabakh is not recognized by any country other than Armenia.The world has always recognized this place as a Azerbaijani land.
very well researched and presented. thanks James
Thank you so much! It was very kind of you to let me know you liked it. Really appreciated.
Hey James! Can I recommend a video topic? I've heard of issues regarding nations arguing over sea borders, & the proper defecto exclusive economic zone given by the UN to whome countries can extend & protect said maritime boundaries. Somalia & Kenya are about to go to international court to argue their sea borders. This issue isn't exclusive, it's happening there but has occurred across the globe for decades & many countries.
Accurate, unbiased, profound, considering all points and sides! This is what I call an independent analysis. Well done.
Thank you so much. I really appreciate it. Obviously, it’s not always easy tackling these issues, and one side or another (or even both) will always insist that there’s bias. However, I do try to take a balanced approach. It’s always nice to hear a positive view of my videos! :-) Thanks again.
There will not be any peace before there are double standards. Accusing Azerbaijan of a “genocide” which it never did and ignoring the war crimes which Armenia did is a clear illustration of it. Although all the lands regained by Azerbaijan belong to it by international law, Azerbaijan gave enough time for the occupational Armenian soldiers enough time to leave. During the 90s Azerbaijani civilians were running barefoot through forests, escaping the ethnic cleansing. They weren’t given a chance to escape, Khojaly genocide is a proof of Armenian war crimes.
I did not accuse Azerbaijan of genocide. I said that there was a very real fear of it happening if the war had run to its logical conclusion. And there was a real worry about this. We all saw how both sides were behaving on social media. Even senior officials were calling for blood. In such situations, it is very easy for atrocities to happen. I have done a lot of work on the Balkans. That is a very good example. When sides dehumanise each other to the extent we have seen in Armenia and Azerbaijan, fighting can very easily and quickly cross a boundary and lead to war crimes. Secondly, I asked viewers to go to my previous video, where I look at the background to the conflict. There I state that many hundreds of thousands of Azerbaijanis were forced from their lands and that the basis for any agreement had to be their right of return.
Do not put your perspective predisposing one side. The crimes you are trying to explicate was the result of the process of war between the two countries. Both suffered with tremendous losses you can't discrete the two, both committed atrocities and war crime. But if you hold out on to your belief and single out the Armenians of a crime, try to look back their History in 1915, where thousands of Armenians was brutally evicted and deported forcefully by the Ottomans and bring them to deaths. The Armenians nowadays has no more hold on to their rightful land and their territory is shrinking. Whats the reason behind all of this? We can find it all behind the interest of the super power rival nations.
@@songsplaces9189 1915 (genocide of armenians) you talk about is fairytale Armenia has created, this is the reason why they would never apply to Haag, human rights court!!! I wonder if you heard about Dashnak Tyutsun party( which is considered as a terrorist organization)??? Read and dig a bit more and you will find that Dashnaks, in order to destabilize situation even more (1915 in Ottomans) and take a part of lands they lived compactly in, in order to create Armenia, started to slaughter their own ppl+turks, Kurdish etc... Turkey has enough evidence to proof that!!! Armenia has done the same in Baku, 1905 and 1918, Dashnaks slaughtered Azerbaijani civian population, with the help of Britains military troops!!! Armenian government also claimes several cities of Georgia to be their!!! Same in Russia, Krasnodar! Read more, you obviously need it! You can start with Turkmenchaj agreement 1826, to see the origin of Armenians...
First of all Azerbaijan has nothing to do with 1915. Second this doesn’t justify the war crimes they did against Azerbaijan. Third Azerbaijan haven’t occupied a single sq. m of Armenia. All the war was happening on the territory of Azerbaijan and it was Armenia who initiated this war. These false accusations against Azerbaijan again shows either that you are not aware of the conflict or that you don’t want to see obvious things. And this approach just gives Armenias confidence to keep doing what they have been doing. During the recent clashes they shoot 2 ballistic missiles into the middle of sleeping city, which was far away from the conflict zone. They launched a missile into Mingacevir water reservoir. Just by a chance the rockets didn’t hit a reservoir, if it would thousands of civilians would have died under the water.
For the “peaceful” existence of 50-70 k Armenias, Armenia committed an ethnic cleansing of more than 800k Azerbaijan from their own lands.
Very good, unbiased and professional analysis. Thanks.
Thank you very much!
Good breakdowns of a complex situation
Thank you very much.
Very well explained. I was looking for such a fair video. U have got a subscription bro 👍
Thank you so much. I really appreciate it! Do let me know if there are any other topics you would like to see me cover. I’m always keen to hear ideas and suggestions. Keep well.
@@JamesKerLindsay well, i have certainly a topic for you. That is modern great game has been set to play in the northern part of disputed territory of Pakistan called GilgitBaltistan. It's a hot spot between Pakistan China and India. Seems like US has also interest in CPEC (Chinese belt and road initiative). I think it's an interesting topic to talk about...
Thank you so much. I will mark it down. I gave been meaning to do more on South Asia, including Kashmir and the dispute between India and China. This would also be really interesting to look at. Thanks again.
I like your impartiality James!
Thank you very much indeed!
finally an objective report who shows both sides, thank you
Thank you very much indeed!
So sad that wa still see war as a way to do politics. I found your video very very informative and interesting (as always). I hope you're doing great and that you can keep bringing us such good quality videos.
This war will never end as most people would think and take my word for it
Its 1:13 am and couldn't missout on this!
Now that’s dedication! :-) Thank you so much. Always really appreciated. I hope all is well at your end. Have a great weekend.
great analysis loud and clear great job
Thank you very much!
Wow..what a amazing analysis..i am new here..subscribed 😊
Thanks so much. I really appreciate. Welcome to the channel! Do let me know if there are any topics that you would like to see me cover. I always like to hear suggestions.
Thank you James for this unbiased video. This is one of the only unbiased videos about this war. Thank you
Thank you very much.
Thank you for this video, it constitutes one of the few sane analyses on the matter.
Can Azerbaijan incorporate the remaining N-K into its state (w/o granting autonomy) before the peacekeepers leave? It would have to bring troops and law enforcement in the area before doing so. If Azerbaijan does so in the future, Armenia could just block the corridor which will be passing through its sovereign territory when the peacekeepers leave. That route seems too valuable for Turkey and Azerbaijan as it is bypassing Iran.
Very good and accurate analysis. Thanks
Thank you so much. I really appreciate it.
New here but this channel is great, thank you
Thank you so much. And a very warm welcome! :-)
As an Azerbaijani myself I can say that this was as objective as it gets. More often than not, the Western perspective of the conflict has been largely skewed in favour of Armenian narrative.
Thank you so much for the kind comment. I really appreciate it. I always try to be non-aligned, rather than strictly neutral in my approach. Neutrality means not expressing opinions. Non-alignment means having opinions but not being attached to one side or another. In other words, I try to say things as I see them in any given situation! In any case, very best regards from London.
The media narrative has surprisingly skewed towards the Azeri side by not admitting their use of Syrian mercenaries, their initial agression starting the war, and the non-discriminate attacks towards both the public and armed forces.
@@tigrantumanyan8545 and theres the armenian spreading hate and lies again.. no one need you here..
@@Valkyraw I still searching the lie
If you think its all over, that its negotiated done and dusted then you are gravely mistaken.
Fact is that the existence of both armenia and azerbaijan is directly related to the relationship between russia and turkey and specifically their geopolitical games and interests. When push comes to shove it will all fall apart.
Thanks. I completely agree. This is certainly not over. There is a lot that needs to be addressed. I’m hoping to do something on this soon.
A very good and balance analysis and comments.
Thank you so much. I appreciate it.
Subscribed!
Thank you very much for the support. I really appreciate it. Do let me know if there are any topics that you would like me to cover. I’m always keen to hear suggestions.
Well done, Putin. And well done, James. This is by far the best summary I saw on YT so far.
9:01 Mr. Ker-Lindsay: A question of mine is being automatically deleted by UA-cam. It relates to the principle of Remedial Secession that I had posed to you on your previous presentation on the topic, and which is very relevant to this presentation.
Mr. Ker-Lindsay: I understand your reluctance in discussing the matter. Turks and Azeris are notorious for intimidating anyone who expresses ideas that are contrary to their narrative. Mentioning "Armenian Genocide" is prohibited in Turkish law. Free political discourse is prohibited in both Turkey and Azerbaijan.
Logically though, if there were the highest of thresholds for applying the principle of Remedial Secession, it would be Genocide, or the threat of Genocide - 9:01
Amazing details. Great intel.
Thank you!
Yo~ immediate sub after at the end of the video, nice content
Thanks so much. That’s great and really appreciated! Do please pass it on if you know anytime else who might be interested. And do let me know if there are any topics you would like to see me cover. I really love to hear ideas and suggestions. Very best regards.
I think you forgot Iran. They are also of the losing side because of rising of nationalism in north Iran between the enthik Azeris.
Thanks so much. Excellent point. In fact, I had an extra section looking at other losers from this conflict, including the United States and the European Union. Unfortunately, I had to leave it out because it was getting too long. (I try to keep most videos under 15 minutes.)
Interesting point here is that Mullah regime remained confused all along the conflict. Despite having historic strategic closeness with Armenia, Iranians were held back by its protesting Azeri population to openly side with Armenia. Iranians were also wary of Israeli-Azerbaijani connection while increasing Turkish influence in the neighbourhood has also been deemed worrisome for centuries. Besides another confounding factor that kept the Persians at bay was the fear of blow to the Iran's image as saviour of Shias in the region.
That part of Iran is internationally recognized as Iranian territory, just as Nagorno Karabakh is internationally recognized as Azeri territory by the world.
You have the same voice than bernis sanders Amazing !
Thank you. Not sure how that happened!? :-)
@@JamesKerLindsay I would say your voice and manners reminded me of Alain de Button
Amazing review
Thank you!
Great and unbiased analysis, Thanks
Thank you so much! It is never easy trying to provide balanced but informed analysis of conflicts. But I try my best.
Great channel💐👍👍👍🍻
Thank you so much. I really appreciate it.
Please do video about Hollan Heights and Israel.What is their status should be?Thank you
Hello James! I am your longtime subscriber
Hello! Great to hear from you. Thanks so much. I hope you are enjoying the videos.
@@JamesKerLindsay yes. Thank you too!
@@JamesKerLindsay oh btw James. Keep your head cool and clam and ignore the haters. You don’t need to reply to their criticism or insults. You can’t make everyone happy so ignore them and keep doing what you are doing
Another great and unbiased video. It's shocking how violence like this still happens in 2020.
Thanks so much! It is indeed unbelievable. But I think what is particularly worrying is that it looks like other countries are becoming emboldened to resort to violence to solve territorial disputes - although this one still seems to reside in a strange limbo. It will be interesting to see how it evolves from here.
I hope all is well with you!
The conflict lives to fight another day! Exceptional work J K-L!
Thanks you so much. Yes, this isn’t over. The question now is how it will develop. I don’t think we’ll see any new moves soon, but at some point a final peace agreement will have to be reached.
Unbiased. Thank you .
Thank you very much for watching!
very useful
Glad you think so!
While we see Russian role in resolving the issue UN was no where in the scene.... Can we presume that UN has once again proved that it lacks the ability to resolve such issues?
This is the Trumpbot agenda; weaken international institutions to bring the world to pre League of Nations status
There is UN role in process of refugees return to their homes. This process is being held under the auspices of the UN high commissioner for refugees.
@@bm_wuratli6883 Turkey help was to start war, Russian help was to stop it and keep armenian population of Karabakh at their homes.
@@haroldaranda8042 quite handy, these "trumpbots"! UN can sit on their asses not doing shit, sending thoughts, prayers and concerns - but trumpbots are to blame, that's their evil plan.lol
I guess everybody needs some "trumpbots" in their life - very useful when you fail smth bc of your own passiveness and lazyness.
this is the russian dump, no one dare to mess in.
Great video! Indeed, there's lots of uncertainty about the future of this region. Armenians feel as if their closest ally has betrayed them, and Azeris feel that Russia prevented AZ. from capturing/liberating all of NK. Regardless, Azerbaijanis & Armenians fought, but as you mentioned Russia & Turkey emerged as winners without any investments/losses and will likely reap the benefits for years to come in whatever form that may be.
Thank you so much. I completely agree. Hopefully Armenia and Azerbaijan can reach a final agreement at some point. I know it will not be easy, especially given the strength of feeling that exists in both countries, but I can see it happening. They are destined to be neighbours. This relationship should not be in the hands of Russia and Turkey. Very best regards from London.
@@JamesKerLindsay When the countries need to build their nations and invest in their people so that the lives of general people get better and the countries are ready to face 21st century challenges and technologically match with other advanced countries. Instead, they involved in looting, occupying, fighting with neighbours. You can chose friends but you cannot chose neighbours. I hope this will give lessons to the involve parties.
VERY WELL PRESENTED
Thanks. I hope it was helpful.
Sorry, but do you have this 2020 info (legal analysis) somewhere in any academic resource, so that I can further cite it?
Unfortunately, not. Formal academic papers usually take months to be published, if not longer. I think it will be a while before that happens. But I think you will find that you can cite the video, if you want. It is becoming perfectly acceptable to cite blogs, videos, podcasts and even Tweets.
@@JamesKerLindsay Thank you for the prompt response. I see, I am working on a coursework about Nagorno-Karabakh as assigned by professors Joshua Castellino and William Schabas and I was hoping to cite some of the things you said. However, I am sure I cannot really cite UA-cam as an academic source. What I am concerned with is (1) legal status and recognition of NK, (2) external self-determination vs territorial integrity & uti possidetis juris, and (3) the validity of of conventions&treaties since 1920 till the recent escalation. Thus, could you please provide me with any link to a blog of yours?
Can you look the fighting between the Ethiopian federal government, and the Tigray regional of Ethiopia?.
its good in the future.
Thank you for naming the crime as it would have been if Azerbaijan took Artsakh- possible ethnic cleansing or genocide.
Really pissed at the Armenian leaders for poor military preparation as a much as the Azerbaijanis when it was obvious a war would break out and Baku was upgrading their military significantly.
Hearts out Armenians. At least, hopefully there would now be peace.
Can you make a video of the maroccan southern terretories crissis with westn sahara
Modern legal positivists consider international law as a unified system of rules that emanates from the states' will. ALIEV signed Madrid principal .1) The final legal status of NK will be determined through a plebiscite allowing the free and genuine expression
of the will of the population of NK. The modalities and timing of this plebiscite will be agreed by the parties through
future negotiations as described in (9). The population of NK is understood as the population of all ethnicities living in NK
in 1988, in the same ethnic proportions as before the outbreak of the conflict . The formulation of the question or
questions to be asked in the plebiscite should not be limited, and could cover the full range of status options.
Thanks. You are right. This had been agreed. The problem is that international political practice in recent decades has tended to accept that if a state wishes to reassert its sovereignty over a secessionist territory then it can get on with it. (Serbia and Kosovo was an obvious exception.) All things considered, I think that history will judge that Armenia made a huge mistake by sitting on the situation for so long. It became complacent, even though it was clear that Azerbaijan was building up its arms with one obvious intent. And while I have stated in another video that Azerbaijan went against UN resolutions by using force, the reality is that no one was going to care enough to stop it from acting, especially when the territory was essentially accepted as Azerbaijan’s (notwithstanding your correct point about the fact that Baku had essentially recognised the possibility of an alternative status). Fundamentally, most states care about their territorial integrity and don’t like imposing restrictions on a state’s right to protect that territorial integrity.
@@JamesKerLindsay I will insist on what I said. You will insist on what you said. I will say that this conflict was because of you. You will say that this conflict was because of me. Let us accept for a moment that Armenia and Azerbaijan are the most powerful countries in the world. We have been given a mandate. to resolve the conflict between the two African countries. Everyone has his right. No one is really right. What will be the solution? There are signed Madrid principles, where everything is written in detail. The right of nations to self-determination. Referendum having binding force. The same ratio. The basis is the last adopted document.
Thank you for sharing accurate and unbiased information.🇦🇿🖤
The best way to retreat in modern warfare is 'everybody for himself'. Quote from Starscream the greatest Decepticon's strategist.
Can You make videos on India and pakistan conflict over Kashmir issue?
Thanks. Great suggestion. I already have! Here you go. Let me know what you think. Can it be solved? ua-cam.com/video/Zaqwydibb9w/v-deo.html
Thank you for doing analysis cuz im tired of opinions.
Armenia is a landlocked country with minimal natural resource and manpower. With GDP at least 4x lower than Azerbaijan; Armenia did not have the capacity to fight with its neighbour and grab their territorries. It is high time for Armenia to recognise this reality and try to become a good neighbour and live peacefully with its neighbour.
@Julius Caesar Armenia will never stand a chance as long as Turkey is this much favouring one over other. Turkey is emotionally masturbating over this conflict, it’s an easy mini moral booster for the nation during troubled economy. It distracts the nation from what’s important. Armenia just needs to focus on development, I saw lots of footage man they’re poor on another level - they need economy
And that will never happen
@@lastfewweeks6839 this peace deal was not related with money or military some Stuff happened inside Armenia that's why this happened
excellent video James! I guess that Azerbaijan has already achieved what they wanted and it may happen that they allow the remaining Nagorno-Karabakh to join Armenia for a link to Nakhichevan (I'm thinking of let building a 40 km tunnel in Armenian mountains that would be fully controlled by Baku, for cars and trains). But Armenia would probably want to recover first some symbolic places such as Dadivank or Tsitsernavank monasteries. Moreover initially it was Armenia accepted to give back the exclaves of in north Armenia (like Sofulu) but it wasnt in the final deal so it can be some things that Armenia can use to negotiate with Azerbaijan
Expect the Trumpbot Erdogan to build petro pipeline from Ankara to Baku
Wow very good n delivered well, why they can't live together same as USSR era, in the meantime I hope they will find solutions n solve unfortunate hatred caused by the conflict of Nagorno-Karabakh .
Don't be fooled, this is not over. You have not looked at the past.
The territories between Nakhchivan and Karabakh were also Azerbaijani lands. During the Soviet era, Zangazur was taken from Azerbaijanis and forcibly handed over to the Armenian SSR. No matter how much ethnic cleansing was carried out by the Armenians, there were still Azerbaijani villages and settlements in Gafan and Mehrid for many months until 1988 (some of them: Davudbey, Shabadin, Govshud, Nuvedi, Hajati, Dag Gilatagh, Gomaran, Purulu, Sovkhoz, Hajibaj). In addition, there were such a large number of Azerbaijani villages in each region of the Armenian SSR. Because the Armenian state was established in the territories of Azerbaijan. I remember that the Armenians expelled the Azerbaijanis from there in 1988. At that time, more than 350,000 Azerbaijanis were expelled from the Armenian SSR. Azerbaijani refugees who came to our neighborhood could not bring anything from their homes. We gave them clothes and necessary things. Then the Armenians expelled the Azerbaijanis in and around Karabakh. Some of my family were killed by Armenians. We were also expelled from Zangilan. Until then, there were no Armenian villages in Zangilan, Jabrayil, Fuzuli, Lachin, Kalbajar, Aghdam and Tartar. Azerbaijanis also formed a majority in other cities and regions of Karabakh. About one million Azerbaijanis living in and around Karabakh were expelled from their territories. At that time, Armenians committed very serious crimes and murders. In fact, the lands between Nakhchivan and Zangilan
Not true, Nakichevan hace always been part of Armenia
Gee James, who do you think started the war on Sept 27?
who care?
@@seyyadi.jozeffus1525 Clearly the Azeris had premeditated this attack and there is lots of evidence to prove it. For me, James loses credibility when he doesn't come out and say this.
I cant believe that there is no video about Kashmir on this channel. Or is there one in the pipeline? waiting ...
Indeed! I realise that this is a glaring omission - along with Palestine. I am certainly planning to do one on the issue. I just need to mentally prepare for it. There are some issues you need to take a really deep breath before tackling!
@@JamesKerLindsay I look forward to both subjects! You now have a new subscriber.
There was no mention of Turkey’s involvement in the peace negotiations and going forward, the agreement reached where Turkish military installations will be working in partnership with Russia to monitor the peace treaty and guarantee sustainability in the region. France and the US (partners in the MINKS group) have been unable to procure any credible solutions after 30 years, hence the outcome of this conflict has rendered their future participation null and void, with their positions being absorbed by Turkey with immediate affect.
Thanks. In any 10-15 minute video I have to focus on the subject at hand. This necessarily means limiting a lot of interesting angles. I did mention Turkey in this, but didn’t go into a lot of background detail. But m my, you are right, it is important to note that it has played a role.
From what I heard, I think it was on France24; Turkey shall, have liaisons at the Russian bases, but shall not take part or accompany the Russian on the ground deployments
Turkey played significant role, I agree!!! It was more Turkey vs Russia. Cuz in 90, Azerbaijan wasn't fighting Armenian but Russian military forces, that is already proven...
I feel sorry for Armenia, as their history is one of lost lands - most in Turkey and now Nagorno-Karabakh, which may have been part of Azerbaijan officially (thanks to Stalin), but was historically an Armenian land.
I always wondered why Azerbaijan did not continue to retake the whole territory, so thank you for giving your thoughts.
I do also wonder if this means the self-declared Republic of Artsakh will it insist it still exists, albeit in a massively reduced form?
@Deborah Meltrozo lol your blind go read about what they did in Khojaly then speak. Read about how they displaced 1 million Azeris from their historical lands. They ethically cleansed the entire region of Azeris.
@@the_skys_no_limit Khojaly genocide? Did you know that it was organized by your corrupt government? Did you know that Armenia warned azeri forces about their attack and they warned them (civilians) to leave the territory, but the azeri armed forces intentionally kept them there?
@@norairkhalafyan287 mmk making history fit your needs lol 😂 as usual. Your always the victims look at the mirror.
@Deborah Meltrozo but they killed lots of innocent civilians in Azerbaijan,including childeren in 1990.
@Deborah Meltrozo sure ! I know! Also massacre in 1918
Thanks for the unbiased and valuable video. This agreement also connects Turkey all Turkish world to land a deal .28 years will not accept any deal Armenia, still cheaper survived.
That guy sounds very neutral,thanks for accurate info and you deserve better