The Venetian Arsenal: From City-State to World Power
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- Опубліковано 17 вер 2024
- / history_uncovered
The Venetian Arsenal was a revolutionary shipbuilding and manufacturing facility developed in Medieval Venice that was centuries ahead of its time. It has been called the first factory in the world by some historians for its modern concepts of efficiency, quality control, and production.
The Arsenal played its biggest role during the decisive Battle of Lepanto in 1571, one of the largest naval battles in history. Learn how the Holy League victory at Lepanto owed a great deal to the innovations and unrivaled production conceived at the Venetian Arsenal.
Music:
Majestic Hills: Kevin MacLeod(incompetech.com)
Just a correction to make, the Venetian arsenal was still hugely important after the fall of Venice in 1797, it got looted by the French with their initial occupation and huge amounts of resources were taken back to paris for study with significant effects on the French navy. Not much happened during the first Austrian rule, but once the French returned it was reopened properly and quickly became one of their most major shipyards. After Napoleon was deposed and Austria resumed rule over the city it went on to form the basis for the development and production of the early Austrian navy, continuing to be expanded well into the unification of Italy. Its now mainly known as a museum and the home of the Francesco Morosini naval academy, a man who is easily impressive enough to be considered for his own video looking at his staggering feats of amphibious warfare.
Its also sad to see the lack of information looking into the Venetian arsenal into the years after Lepanto and the age of sail, with its incredible innovations such as the first super frigates, the family of Fregata Grossa.
Long live the trading empire of Venice.
The damned nymphs are still running the world today!
An Ottoman diplomat once tried to downplay Lepanto as being nothing more of than a shaving of the beard of the Ottoman Empire.
Perhaps it was, but the Ottoman Empire would keep its beard short in the Mediterranean Sea, forever after.
They basically made them afraid of Naval Warfare.
odegaard Well I hear you. But then there is Salamis, Navarino, Trafalgar, Midway... many more..
@@safeysmith6720 none of those are ottoman naval battles, even at Gallipoli they mostly preferred to stay on the hills and fire onto the ships
He was comparing Lepanto with the fall of Cyprus (1570-1572). Obviously no excuse to lose a trained fleet, even if Cyprus is the third biggest island in Med. The exact quote I believe was "we cut the arm of the Venice in Cyprus (1570-1573), you only shaved our beard at Lepanto" Sokullu Mehmet Pasa . The Peace treaty signed in 1573 following the deployment of a less experienced Ottoman fleet with approximately 250 ships in East Med.
the Ottoman let the Venice still making their business, they even had trade with Venice, even after the Lepanto event! this was thanks also to their great diplomats and not only because of their ships!! we can say what we want about today's Italian government, but the West should always be thankful for what they give us, Columbus discovered a new continent, Amerigo Vespucci give the US te name "America", because he was the first to know,this is a new continent! I think Italy is so rich on culture thanks to the Roman Empire, they brought people from all over the known world to the peninsula! Grazia Italia
Miguel Cervantes, the author of "Don Quixote " was a spanish marine at the battle of lepanto.
And so? We are talking about Venice here.
@@joefriday8607 Didn't you watch the video ? The battle of Lepanto is the subject of half of it
Right my friend, they shot his hand. El manco de Lepanto.
amazing video
it's always those "little things" you never hear in mainstream documentaries that fascinate the most
It also makes you see how much bigger the world and its history is, it really expands your comprehension of many things. If people had the habit of studying as much history as possible on all kinds of nations, periods and cultures, the world would probably be a better place.
I've been always amazed when watching the maps of 1400 AD - 1500 AD, never understood how or when Venice got so much land, so far away like Cyprus, Crete and many Greek Islands, or how they controlled it. Even the Istria, Dalmatia, and other places in West Balkan coastal regions. There was so many great powers ( Kingdoms like Austria, Hungary, Ottomans, and smaller Balkan nations ) around, and that small Italian city state took so many important strategic points in Adriatic, Mediterranean and even as far as Black sea in Crimea and Russia at one point. Great video, very educating. Thank you.
Yeah, it's often overlooked in history class but Venice was a truly incredible state. Lasting about a thousand years its republic is the longest lasting single form of government in history. For a time it was one of the economic powerhouses of Europe and the most powerful fleet on the Mediterranean. Long live La Serenissima!
Just for your information.. Istria peninsula belongs to the same territory of the Italian peninsula, It's just a part of It as far as Istria falls under the Alps and was always inhabitated by neo-latin people. After 1945 the region is under Croatian occupation
@@davidetoffoletto9981 lol
It has a lot of similarity with Britain. Its core is protected by sea so it cannot be attacked by land forces and it can solely concentrate on navy.
@Chris Pacman But that is the thing, it is not like Britain. Venice was always small city state surrounded by many much more powerful nations. Yes their position is great, North the Alps, South the sea, but still. They somehow made it, not only to defend their position but expand far beyond. I'm not sure what their population was , but I can imagine it was low compared to others or their neighbors like Bavaria, Croatia, Hungary, Austria, Ottomans depends on the timeline and position. And the west, full of small competitive Italian city states, with better armies. To me Venice or Genoa are anomalies with great success. I respect them a lot.
At Venice there was a small museum regarding the Arsenal. So small it was like an afterthought to the rest of sites of the city. I am learning more from this video then I did at the museum.
kind of sad as that battle marked a turning point in history
makes me wanna play a tall venice eu4 game
mein medieval 2 total war
I'm playing as Florence right now and I'm conquering Venice. But... I think I'll release the city of Venice as a vassal state. Just because they're... Venice.
I think she missed a detail while doing north and south attacks, and the direction of the compass of the north is actually clockwise
Lol
I thought my day was going to be boring, but I was wrong.
Wow, this is something new, I don’t recall hearing anything about this military production complex when I had classes on history of the Holy League back in a day when I was in my uni. Thanks!
Great video. I had genuinely never heard of it, so that was fascinating.
MAKE VENICE GREAT AGAIN!
Venice was never great!!!
@rvtrcr More like someone who doesnt like sneaky people and financial oligarchies. I.E a sane person.
@rvtrcr No, Im a happy person that values healthy things in life. Enjoy the reset, you decadent pansy wastrel.
@rvtrcr Just so you know, nothing in my last post was spelled incorrectly. Apostrophes are punctuation, not spelling. I feel sorry for you, your life must be empty and without meaning if mammon is your measure of worthiness. Well good luck, because the 777 period in the great cycle is here, therefore everything is being tipped upside down. I'd explain it to you , but what would be the point?
@rvtrcr I'm glad that you feel driven to such venom to defend corruption, that tells me I'm on the right track. Meanwhile Donald Trump's age on his first day in office was: 70 years 7 months 7 days . What a coincidence! www.calculator.net/age-calculator.html?today=06%2F14%2F1946&ageat=01%2F21%2F2017&x=49&y=12 . I have to say it is Schaadenfreude but I am enjoying the squealing of all the people who thought they were powerful, as Trump and the US Mil destroy the NWO in short order. Every person involved in 'Pizza' or 'Feeding the Eye' is going to die, swiftly. I hope for your sake you are just some stupid rich kid LARPing about being important.
Thank you for this video, cheers from Venice
The soundtrack was a good choice.
I believe rome had the first pension system for veteran legioneers
The romans gave legionari who finished the service land
@@jacopofolin6400 Right. And it wasn't really a pension so much as a method of keeping the armies loyal and the provinces placid and Roman.
Morgan Robinson it’s kinda sorta ify maybe a pension.
I mean you can make the argument it is.
Land and money part of the Marian reforms
@@rollout1984 That's what my studies have lead me to believe. They received land as well as a cash pension after their completion of there service. Some details did change from time to time however depending on who was Emperor.
Italy is great!
Nope.
Thanks. :)
The most serene Venice is Great!
What Italy? Italy has always had a city state feel to it.
@@TransoceanicOutreach Cry because you're jealous 😌
You are one of the rare youtubers who have covered Jan Žižka, gustavus adolphus and eugene of savoy
Now can you also do Marshal Turenne and his friend Louis The Great Conde? Napoleon claimed that if he had them both he would have conquered the world and claimed that Marshal Turenne is greater than Fredrick the great
flawlesslycan I mean Frederick was dead when Napoleon was conqeuering europe, so that assumption is pretty good of him
Rude capitalize Gustavus Adolphus.
Jerown! Marshal Turenne was dead then, too.
Napoleon had deep respect for Frederick II but he might have been right, French generals were insane in their art of war.
The great Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes the author of "Don Quixote" was involved in the battle of Lepanto -he was injured in it.Don John of Austria, the head of the combined Catholic forces was the illegitimate son of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V -who headed the first empire on which the sun never set as he was monarch of the new Spanish territories of the new world as well.
that's correct but ¿why do you say that? ¿as a fun fact?
@@alecity4877 Fun fact? La santa liga fue liderada por los comandantes hispanos y solo así se pudo contener el avance turco.
@@0LMG me tuviste que haber lñeido en algún otro sitio para saber que yo hablo español, ¿donde?
@@alecity4877 Creo que se dio cuenta que hablabas español en el momento que pusiste el signo ¿ al principio de tu pregunta.
Como sabras, los angloparlantes no ponen este signo "¿" al inicio de las preguntas.
I feel so happy that I found your channel (back at the Swiss video). It's just so goddamn interesting.
Great job! also, l'Arsenale is home to the Biennale di Venezia, wich is devided between the Giardini and the Arsenale.
It's very interesting to see some videos about th history of my people, unfortunately in italy the history of Venice is not thought due to the risk of separatism
Is that still such a big thing in Italy? Since you guys were mostly self governed as smaller city-states. It doesn't really suprise me that sentiment is still there. I guess you never really lose your roots... :)
@@wu1ming9shi from the '90 it is bigger and bigger, especially in venetian territories, in 1997 a group of Venetian indipendentists occupied st March square with a tank declaring the indipendence of Venice from the Italian state, last Sunday venetian flags have been banned from the football field of Padua cause italy repress all form of regional identity, despite Venetian is even not recognized as a language by italian government it is the most spoken language here in Veneto (the Italian region of Venice), in fact 80% of population here still speak venetian, and much more venetian immigrants speak venetian in Brazil nowadays.
Ma di che cazzo parli? Chi ha detto che non insegnano le repubbliche marinare in Italia? Che scuole hai fatto tu scusa?
@@gabrielenicoli5065 La storia delle repubbliche marinare è relegata a poche pagine dei libri di testo, la storia degli stati italiani in genere è poco trattata, compresa quella della repubblica di Venezia, che nonostante sia stata una superpotenza durata più dell'impero Romano viene trattata poco e male, si parla solo della battaglia di Lepanto e di poche altre cose, rispetto a mille e cento anni di storia
@@karlitowankenoby3000 vero
The carthegians had their own version of it more than a thousand years prior.
Really? Can you give me a link for that? I’d like to read about it!
@@FlaviusBelisarius-ck6uv I think Invicta or a different channel made video about carthaginian navy and they mentioned that Carthaginians indeed used standardised parts for their ships, and could also produce massive quantities of ships in a relatively short time.
Great vid! Well done and interesting. Thank you.
What a tremendously well made video! Thank you for making this
I love how everything ends with Napoleon the Holy Roman Empire, the Republic of Venice and the Knights of Malta :)
Do they still pull all the strings ?
nice video, interesting, thanx
Great job, love this one!
Amazing content bro, you just got a new sub 4life
Very good video, friend!
Fantastic video.
Everyone knows Venice was based on Braavos from ASOIAF.
Excellent video, informative & well-made!
What a marvelous piece of property! Still!
Thanks for sharing, this is really great!
Keep up the great work 👍
Thank God for the Holy League! And please do an episode about Beretta, both the world's oldest firearms manufacturer and oldest company.
And the oldest bank in the world still operating
In Siena... before 1492
Love your videos but why did you not mention that those Christian slave rowers rebelled and played a part in the battle.
Because it was a video on Venice, who didn't use slave oarsmen, they banned slavery in 960 and even when they passed a reform in 1545 that allowed for prisoners to be conscripted into ships they only ever formed the crew of at most 2 ships in the Venetian navy.
@@FluffyFishy69 He is referring to the Christian slaves on the Ottoman ships.
The most Serene Venice is Great!
Labeling it a World Power is far fetched, given their military reach was found solely in the contested waters of the Mediterranean, the only sea the ships built on their arsenal were capable of sailing for that matter.
With all due respect I would like to point out that America was discovered in 1492 and that the first ocean routes began to exist. Before the discovery of America, however, there were routes of Venetian ships that carried out regular service between the Mediterranean and the ports of Northern Europe; England and Flanders.
@@ezioauditore1522 Greetings, Ezio, how’s the liberation of Roma going? The video is focusing on the 16th century, not the 15th. Venice had no knowledge of how to sail beyond the Mediterranean Sea out into the Atlantic Ocean, let alone into the Indian Ocean, or into the Pacific Ocean for that matter, routes of which, at the time, were solely known by two states: Portugal & Spain.
It was only in the early 1590’s that we began seeing other European states, more specifically England & Holland, acquiring the knowledge of how to accomplish this. The reason for it is quite fascinating in fact, a nearly hundred years old tale of espionage & counterespionage - would make a great A.C. series.
As of such, yes, labeling Venice a 16th century World Power is rather inappropriate, even more so when the justification given for the claim is its navy, again restricted to the frequently disputed waters between the south of Europe and the north of Africa. Best regards. : ).
Edit: I’d recommend the book entitled ‘Conquerors’ written by the world renown maritime author Roger Crowley.
And just remember that Venice developed the Galeon that was lately used by UK, France and Spain for their fleets. 😏
You still lives over the work of Italians.
@@danielefabbro822 Good afternoon. That’s actually not true, at all, and from an historical standpoint makes little sense: the galleon was intended primarily for ocean voyages, of which Venice had no activity in. The galleons developed following the ‘Carracks’ & ‘Naus’, both of which were developments created by the Portuguese.
I’m hard pressed in wanting to know from where you took such an idea from, however, given that it completely contradicts everything we know about 16th century seafaring.
Besides, there was no “Italy” during this time period, it was a geographical designation, much like Iberia is, not a nationality, reason why we’re talking about Venetians and not Italians, something that was formed only later in the second half of the 19th century - this is not to undermine technological developments that came from there, of which were many, but not in this field.
Found your channel today...love it!
Damn this is a great channel. I hope this makes it to 1 millions subs someday
Both Cartage and Rome fought in pitched battles at sea involving hundreds of ships. Can their ship production be vastly different from what the Venetians were doing? Just asking.
For what I know, in the ancient military port of Cartage, ship parts were also mass produced and put together quickly, whereas the Romans built them entirely out of scratch. Do your own research, though.
while Rome did raise fleets time after time during the punic wars, there is a very good reason the punic wars lasted several decades... when a Roman fleet was destroyed replacing it wasn't as easy as for Venice.
Carthage and Rome probably made significant advancements in manufacturing technology of ships but the Venitian arsenal was undoubtedly more sophisticated than either one of them
Guns.
Roman's and carthaginians don't have guns. While Venice had some of the best of the time armed ships.
Venice also introduced the Galeon. The main warship of the next centuries when UK, France and Spain rose to power to become colonial empires.
Well to be fair, those numbers may have been inflated, not even out of propagandistic reasons, it's just that record keeping was not as concise in antiquity as compared to the early modern era
@@danielefabbro822el galeón no es veneciano, es portugués y luego español, los venecianos no les gustaba los navíos de solo vela, España y Portugal los crearon para hacer las rutas de alta mar
Informative ~ Thank you!
Another piece of trivia. The double entry book keeping system was developed at the Venician arsenal to keep a record of the money being spent there.
the first manufacturing operation in the world? What about Carthage, with its prefab war ships? and domination of the Mediterranean (including Phoenicia) for almost 1000 years?
@walter cuperidge Was it the introduction of the 8 meter mobile bridges that did the trick for the Roman Navy?
@walter cuperidge Ooh. Thanks, mate!
Wonderfullllll....
VENETIAN GALLEASS IS THE BEST SHIP AND HUGE SHIP WITH MANY CANNON AND MAN AT THAT TIME
Good work , Hoss!
Brilliant video, thank you! You have a new subscriber :)
this was very enlightening. i thought i knew history
Du bist ein Ehrenmann
What are your sources on the Venetian arsenal? I'd like to read more about it
This was great
One of my fave civs in Civ 5..
Enrico Dandolo blindly (literally) leading Venice to glory!!!
Love the video :)
Viva el Leon! Viva San Marco!
Venice with Spanish support = Italian city state
Venice without Spanish support = Turkish province.
true..
and who do you think would be next?
Certainly not _The Empire on Which the Sun Never Sets_ (Spanish Empire), 'cause apparently they were the only ones that could stop them in their tracks.
lepanto without venice galeazze you would be muslim now.
@nlpjohn The battle of St. George Fort says otherwise. Brave Spaniards like Gonzalo de Cordoba have been defending Venice for centuries. And yes, they were defending Italy because Italy was part of the Spanish Empire.
Bad ass!
This video should be named: "How italian workers lost the right to countinuous supply of wine.
8:36 was Juan Luna's artwork. La Batallia de Lepanto
The information was very helpful and the art work was great. The only real issue I had was the narration. It tended to wear on the ear to the point of absurdity. Otherwise, a very good job.
"State owned", more like "Oligarchs owned". Venetia was an oligarchic capitalist republic, don't try to SJW the history
indeed, it was also the longest-lived government known to man in my knowledge.
This video apparently forgot all about how Carthage mass produced their ships.
Very interesting content & history. It seems like the narrator is almost trying to sound automated/robotic, I'm not nit-picking or being a jerk, just making an observation.
Fantastic video. What program did you use if you don't mind me asking?
Good stuff but too short . It needs to be longer more in depth . The ability is there it just needs extending .
Its my favorite wonder on civilization 6. Gives a free ship for every one you build. Boss
First assembly line? I would argue that Carthage had a numbered-part ship-building system more than a millennium before Venice.
The information presented in this video is almost a copy of the book "City of Fortune - How Venice ruled the seas" of Roger Crowley.
The Arsenal did not make everything...
In 1560s? It placed an order with Pietro Beretta of Gardone Val Trompia, for a quantity of Arquebus Barrels to be delivered to the Arsenal. First recorded instance of the Beretta Family's business of gunmaking.( from the original Letter-copy Ledgers where Orders etc were recorded.)
venitians were experts at dividing and lets them fight they transfered their ambitions to england and have caused so much evility to this day
The ambitions towards England were carried over by the Genoese and Florentine bankers. Among other things, these debts have never been honored by this kind of gentlemen.
Voilà... Someone that likes to despise anything that comes from Italy.. and I am not surprised considering his nationality.
And now it's either falling into disrepair or a modern art exhibit. I've rarely been as sad about history and it's preservation than I was visiting the arsenale.
It was Napoleon that ended Venice. Since then it’s only an Open Air Museum sadly
Great video! thank you for creating and uploading! I enjoyed it very much!
Carthege did the same time 1500 years+ earlier with the warships/harbour ...
Not the same no guns on ancient roman and punic ships
4:33 - 😳HOLY SHIP
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This person's voice sounds as if he was taught to speak by a Macbook pro circa 1998. Worse, he seems dedicated to the idea that no part of any sentence or paragraph should hold an emphasis of meaning by speed, tone or effect.
Indeed. It sounds like one of those videos with automated voices
A small correction to the video (not to criticize this good video)
Battle of Lepanto fought in 1571 but the Ottoman-Venetian conflicts started in 1460s or 1470s
how they get the stuff as singel staat
Break the chain
Is there a source (book or else) can you suggest me to learn more about Venice ? Not just army but government and other affairs ?
Thanks a lot
The city of fortune
@@josh6028 Thank you very much
the original industrialists.
Bartolomeo Beretta, 1526 ( correction)
"Most unique?"
Why do we insist on modifying superlatives? "Unique" means "one of a kind," "nothing like it," "having no like or equal." How can something be more unique than some other unique thing, much less "most unique?" I don't know what happens in other languages, but we English speakers seem to have gotten to a point where we modify everything, nouns, concepts need to have a descriptor, else they are less than real or that we are seen as boorish speakers or writers of the language. Simplicity, starkness, is more powerful than is modifying words to death, watering down or, worse, eliminating their meanings.
So the first factory in the world was state run. Who would've tought...
Viva Venezia Viva San Marco
Carthage was performing these tasks by the 4th-century BC.
Pathetic comment
was the republic of Venice ever a part of the holy Roman empire?
how they pay have they mutch gold or silver
the tools was cheep how the smal workshop get the stuff, its not easy for more people like the hanse or the eastcompany or the west company
Ah yes a city state from Italy turned Superpower... I've heard this one before
what are your sources?
I always wondered IF the Spanish Armada’s fleet comprised of mostly galleys with their crack veteran Tercios would of had a better chance of defeating the English fleet in 1588? Anyone?????????
Probably, initially the britts was "fish of fresh waters"... Only later they became skilled sailors. And right now their naval power is declining, while ours (Italy) is rising again.
Inglaterra se salvó por una tormenta no por su habilidad naval.
Esto se ve que un año después la armada inglesa envió una contrabando más grande que la que envió España, pero está no fue destruida por un huracán como el caso español, fue destruida a puro cañonazo, Inglaterra intentó numerosas veces atacar las posesiones españolas, pero de forma directa nunca lo consiguió
Only if Venice had not meddled with the affairs of the Byzantine Empire....
It takes a Napoleon to beat venice
When Napoleon conquered Venice... Venice was already finished... not great achievement
@@enricomanno8434 lol
what happened to the british guy
Fordism before Ford.
Great video. Let me know if your taking on somebody for the voice over or research!
State Monopoly and planned economy> privatized guild system and irrational market forces controlling military procurement process
Imagine if Napoleon have used the Arsenal to build a new navi...
He would have needed also Italian crews... 😑 French wasn't so good at sea.
As I hear Rome and China had similar stages of division and organisation of production in antiquity
Referring to the "first factory" claim, not the naval production specifically
Also some additions to the vid: Venice was a late Roman settlement in reaction to raids on the mainland and maintained much of it's culture, most prominently visible in it's political structure as a republic, throughout the middle ages. Venicians considered themselves the heirs of Rome. Would be interesting to know how they related themselves to the Byzantines
many claims is not true
{1} Battle of Lepanto, was not decisive in fact they lost The Fourth Ottoman-Venetian War (1570-1573)
{2} Ottoman navy suffers permanent damage after lepanto Ottomans quickly rebuilt their naval forces
{3} end of Ottoman Mediterranean expansion is not true
{4} Ottoman navy Decline started in late 18th century not 16th century they continuously raided other European ships .
@@warlord2306 {1} Cyprus had been already lost at the time of the Battle of Lepanto, that served as a retailation, and effectively stopped the Ottoman expansion in the Mediterranean in the moment their naval strenght was at its peak ({2}The ottomans could quickly rebuild their fleet, but not their men).
{4}The Ottoman navy's decline started immediatly after Lepanto (technically it had probably already started infact. Their naval artillery was no more up to date) and when the Ottomans waged war on Venice again, 70 years later the balance of power on the sea had completely tipped. Venice couldn't fight for long a war on the land so far from its homeland and so close to the enemy's one, but Candia resisted for 24 years because Venice won almost all the naval engagements, and was able to several times block the Dardanelli for months, forcing the Ottomans to sail only in winter, when the Venetian fleet had to retire There had been cases where a single Venetian ship brought havoc on a small Ottoman fleet, demonstrating that the ottomans were dragging behind technically already in mid 17th century. Piracy doesn't require to be a naval power. Somali pirates continuosly raid ships, but they are not exactly a naval power.
I dont understand how the argument of both of you in any way relates to my comment