3 Stereo Recording Techniques
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- Опубліковано 1 жов 2024
- On this episode of Sound 101, Andrew and Steve tackle 3 different techniques for recording stereo sound! XY, ORTF, and binaural options!
Each two-microphone technique has its perks and drawbacks but the results are the same: stereo sound effects that add incredible dimension to your short films and other digital content. Mono sound recordings are useful but much more can be achieved with the pair.
These techniques can be used to capture ambience, wild sound, foley and more. Depending on your location and equipment you can get a variety of results that will give you a lot of flexibility in editing your soundscape in post.
#stereo #recording #techniques
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Deity Microphones produces weekly digital web content to help filmmakers and sound mixers grow in their education. Deity Microphones shares this free web series in hopes that the next generation of filmmakers grows in their video production quality and changes the world.
Deity Microphones produces free educational web content to help filmmakers, vloggers, sound mixers and sound designers grow as creatives and take their production quality (be it independent, TV, or studio) to the next level. Deity Microphones believes that budget should never be a constraint to creativity.
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Have you used any other stereo recording techniques?
I am going to NAB for the first time to Record videos What is the best way to Record sound at a event with alot of people should i use a Lav or on camera mic?
Yes - mid-side recording. It's great in terms of being adjustable in post. Some stereo techniques make a room or scene sound too "big" (or wide), having an MS stereo image is great for dialing in the image width to match the scene.
I love me some good ol Mid-Side technique for my acoustic guitar tracks. The ability to collapse to mono easily is really nice, especially with people listening back on phones. But my favorite has to be the “recorder man” technique for drum overheads. I know none of this has to do with filmmaking... but... that’s ok right?
blumlein stereo recording
I wish we saw more Binaural recordings.
Hey guys! Great show. Please take us deeper into recording binaural stereo with two lavs. Can you tell us those two audio perspectives can be transformed into 5 point surround sound for films?
Thanks for a great intro. I'm puzzled by the Binaural Recording technique versus something you can get out of a RODE SoundField NT-SF1 Ambisonic Microphone. Could you talk about the differences and tradeoffs? Thanks.
I love these so much. It's so good and to the point. Makes it great for when I'm training other sound techs at work!
I like binaural recordings, by ribbon mics. Ribbons always give a more accurate sound. Ribbons are soft and move with the sound wave naturally. The condensers are hard and both capture the pressure of the wave. Ribbons are a smooth realistic recording. There is no metal in my ear, there is a soft drum. All mics are going to be changing in the next few years. So plan on change and watch your voltage !
Can you explain phase interference? I thought there was a 3:1 rule that would mess up the mics' pickup pattern. Is that only for parallel mics?
What ratio are you talking about? Any two mics summed with distance between them will create phase interference (unless they are more than 40ms or about 14 meters apart because of the Haas effect). Stereo recordings will ideally not get summed, because one is send to the left speaker and the other to the right speaker so there is no electronic or digital phasing. Acoustically, there will be phasing, but your ears need that for localisation
I wanted to ask about recording M/S with a stereo x-y microphone. Is there any possibility to do that or for M/S technique should I have a directional (cardioid/hyper) and bi-directional (F8) microphone. I have heard quite often used double M/S Technique for Field Recordings. Is that possible to achieve with an Ambisonics Microphone (Zoom H3-VR, RODE NT SF-1)?
Thank you for your explanations!
Matej
Everybody write this down, go forth and live in Stereo!!!
Nicely done guys!
If I want to record everyday, travel, walk tour, UA-cam that talk from behind the camera and at some distance, I want to step into record elements for game and vocal and instruments for music too, after some research, I come to this 4 setups, Sennheiser MKE 440, MKE 600, Line Audio CW4 and Deity HD-TX, the video will be record using Panasonic HC-X1500 camcorder, is this good minimal run and gun setup that deal with untreated room too? When to record in stereo and mono in my cases, music instruments and vocal all in stereo or each in mono, how about surround sound, do I need omnidirectional mic to create surround sound, or can just make a binaural setup to cover everything? Some say stereo mic not good for vocal, true? Shouldn't walk tour be surround sound, why people use directional mic for that? One UA-camr say pencil condenser cover wider field by not cancel the sides like shotgun mic, is this mean I can use just one pencil condenser to cover all the above stereo and mono needs?
Should I get both or one between MKE 600 and CW4? Does the MKE 440 stereo good enough/better and I don't need two CW4? Can the CW4 catch same/further distance voice/sound compare to MKE 600? Do I need the shotgun mic or CW4 will do to record outdoor sound for game elements? How do I record my behind the camera voice if I use the MKE 440 stereo mic facing Front when walking, attach CW4 to HD-TX facing rear or 1 CW4 front 1 CW4 back? Can I use one of the MKE 440 stereo mics as mono shotgun mic? The camcorder has an option handle with 2 XLR inputs, do I need it, can I use it as music elements recorder? Do I need 32 bits?
If I just want a small XLR recorder and not going to use the wireless transmission, is HD-TX worth it? Is it suitable to just attach a pencil condenser CW4 mic to it to record singing vocal and instruments that way and a MKE 600 shotgun mic to it to record elements and sound effects for game development? Can I record both the XLR and 3.5mm jack at same time in same and different tracks? Can I use it as a high res music player so I don't need to buy another dedicated music device which function just like an audio recorder that can't record high res audio but better at organisation to play music? Any other recorder recommendations?
Someone at Sweet Water told me they hav heard of people try 180 degree ORTF. But I forgot to ask him weather it's left capsel 90 degrees of right capsel which is 90 degrees right of that or literally 180 degrees of each other. Have you guys heard of this? I had just asked him because I know ORTF trys to emulate a small human head. Someone like Ariana Grande funny enough but I can't emagin ARi's ears would be at 110 degrees of each other. I figured your ears if compaired to the capsels would be litteraly 180 degrees of each other end to end. So more like using a Jeckelin disk. I don't know but just was curious as didn't know about all the research that went into ORTF and if the people that made it up ever actually looked at how the eardrums are mounted in a head.
My church building is literally a cubical space. 15meters wide, 20meters deep and almost 15meters tall. Nowadays there’s very little congregation gathering and that makes recording or speaker setting extra challenging due to tons of reverb in huge empty spaces. How do I manage the recording and live tuning challenges?
Question: When shooting documentary interviews in a busy environment - factory, kitchen, etc - is there a technique to record the background audio so you can then cancel it out in post to make the main interview audio clearer?
Great video. I only disagree that binaural recordings give you a good sense of something being in front of you. I havent tried converting it into dolby or dts surround and played it in a surround system, but with head sets at least, i never get that experience of something being in front of me. Just sounds like it’s in my head
Actually we hear in Dolby atmos. From my experience especially being blind and verry closly paying sound attention it seems our ears are multi channal. Just add the bottum 3 missing channals to that Japanese 24.2 speaker setup and bam that's what your ears hear. Or maybe more.
How the fuck do you get the angles and distances spot on right, but forget to mention these measurements all are for cardioid mics? You're using supercardioid mics, so XY should be at a 35 degree angle, not 45 for example. You were the professionals, right?
My question: how does phase shift effect the stereo image and how to prevent any possible negative effects on the field. Thanks. :)
BTW: your mics are great, I use them almost exclusively.
That rubber ear recording thing looks like a really stupid idea. Because no matter how sound is recorded you're still going to hear that recorded sound through your own ears, (assuming you have any of course). And get that ear effect by default. So you don't need to use that at all. It's redundant.
That's like digesting your food before eating it.
To my knowledge there is no practical way to convert binaural audio to multichannel. Maybe mixed it with ambisonics here?
What would be the best way for creator to record your own sound effects for a UA-cam channel? What recorder do you recommend and what are the best ways to edit them so they sound the best? Love the channel.
What about putting the microphones on each side of the stage? If you are recording an orchestra for example, what about putting the microphone at center left and one at center right. They would be about 18 feet apart. Would that be good stereo?
Does a lav mic sound different than a boom mic and if yes, can you make them sound identical?
Stereo recording technology can better record the sound, keep the original sound source, and enhance the sense of sound.
Where would you use the Mid-Side technique for recording?
Question; Is the distance between the two "ears" in a binaural recording setup very important?
Yes, the slight time difference between the ears also plays a big role. So it's a mixture between AB technique and a sort of "phasing" technique caused by the ear shaped replicas
I’m trying... honestly I’m trying... I have bought a zoom decorder, a rode videomic mic and a rode smartlav+, I’ve just received the clipmic digital from sennheiser to work straight into my phone.... with the rode mics, I’m getting a lot of back ground interference and when it’s quiet... the mics have their own ambient noise... how can I as a beginner, make the most from what I have...?
Buy Deity Microphones products. All of our mics have a super low self-noise quality about them. Check out the Deity V.Lav
Is Deity S-Mic 2 the best alternative to the industry standard Sennheiser MKH 416, even is coast under half price?
Yes!😎
How do you create stereo (or even 5.1) mix when you only have the mono clips available. Would be cool to see a video about it.
I got a lot done with one stereo mic and have over thirty videos showing the process if anyone is interested.
How can I record originals so it comes out in surround? I can barely use audacity
I was like there’s probably no way we are going to talk about a moleskin sandwich today. But then, Andrew “become the moleskin sandwich” Jones came through to teach us how to become the moleskin sandwich. 10/10
Hey guys. To get good sound for a feature film, I'm using what I have, which is 2 mics, 1 mono (video mic pro), and the other a stereo mic. Would it be good to run both mics from my h4n recorder, capturing a stereo mix for ambience sound and room tone, while the mono mic captures dialogue? Of course adding in sound effects later in post, but wondering if this setup would work great? I figured that distributors want a stereo track, but kinda hard to deliver when you're recording all the dialogue in mono. Your thoughts?
DUDES! How 'bout some examples???!!!
What is the best budget microphone setup for foley?
Question: Hallo, what's your take on ambisonic (360) recording audio. Any poor man's solutions you could recommend, e g. with four microphones and a 3D printed holding device or do you have something else in your bag of tricks? Kind regards Steffen
The question I feel most people would benefit from: What's the best way to handle reverberant interior spaces for video? Short shotgun, hypercardiod, lav's (when possible), or something else? Everyone loves shotguns, and most people would have something like an ME66, NTG2, S-MIC 2, but in something like a kitchen, I've always hated the results. It's a really common scenario on any low-budget set, and while obviously sound deadening would help, most new filmmakers don't have multiple sound blankets on hand.
Nice video, good info! Maybe back up those mic's a bit, plosives and proximity....
Question: how do you know which type of boom /directional microphone to use to various stereo spreads (such as outdoor concerts, indoor, etc
When you record in stereo, how do you arrange the channel balance? sharply left and right?
Yes
Going back to lav setups, I’m sure my sound mixers have those crazy toolkits. However, if I’m stuck on a low budget by myself, what is a DIY/cam op’s method to hide lav mics?
What if ... I want to record a squad of Scottish pipes & drums on a stage in the theatre? 5 pipers and 4 drumers in two rows. Do I pick xy or ortf?
how can I record dolby atmos like surrounded sound ?
I am going to NAB for the first time to Record videos What is the best way to Record sound at a event with alot of people should i use a Lav or on camera mic?
BadKarma 714 lav
Hey Badkaram, use a Unidirectional Dynamic handheld microphone that's hardwired to your recorder. I'm answering this one now because our mailbox episode will probably air after NAB
Is it possible to use those techniques with shotgun mics like rode ntg?
Thanks very much! That's a fantastic video with some very important concepts explained so well!
I've got a question that I'm hoping you or someone here might answer :)
I'm recording a small orchestra (minus strings section) and I'm hoping to use a pair of Rode M5 in either the XY or ORTF position.
My question is do I record with Pan set to the Center for both Mics (on the mixer/recorder), or do I need to pan each mic left/right?
Any help is much appreciated :)
You can put a pillow between two mics with a distance of 15-20 cm. As long as the distance is about the natural distance between ears it will sound nice stereowise, and the pillow will prevent distortion and some off the rom interactions.
Before you pass to more specific stuff, why don't you make a video about mic's typology and characteristics? could be a good starting point for whoever wants to start following you!
Probably a dumb question; with XY recording, the mics are obviously pointing in opposite directions, should I change the inputs to reflect that in the recorder? I'm asking because I use a field recorder with a fixed XY capsule (zoom H5) and I'm thinking of using some external microphones.
Yes
@@DeityMicrophones Thanks! I would have worked it out when my mics arrive but prior knowledge is always handy.
Thanks for your lessons. My question is: What type of MICROPHONES to create a BINAURAL SOUND directly on location before on PRO TOOLS Editings ?
Do you have some additional advice towards achieving a great "dummy head" recording technique a la the in-your-head-voice sound of Martin Sheen's VO in APOCALYPSE NOW? Cool piece here. Appreciate the binaural recording tip. Thanks!
Could you use a XY or ORTF setup for an indoor interview or would it still be better for lavs?
Hello sirs i have a question. How to record a stereo soind to smart phone using a mixer? Thank you very much
You cant. Phones are mono
which technique is ideal for recording small ensemble music (group of 4 up to 12)? XY ? ORTF? or Do i need another extra paired condenser mic?
Question: I recorded a two-person interview in stereo directly into my Sony A7SIII and brought it into Davinci Resolve (17.4.1). The subjects were sitting next to each other (spouses about 3-4 feet between their faces), so their mics picked each other up. How do I separate the channels to mute/lower the volume of the non-talking subjects? All my efforts end up essentially sounding mono, so the directionality is lost. Maybe that's not so bad, but then what was the point to recording in stereo? I am a newbie.
which stereo set up is also good for mono
I've read a fair amount on capturing wild tracks or ambience using an A-B stereo configuration because of its width and advantages of Omni mics in these situations. However, I have the Rode NT4 and was wondering if I could not get a nice wide image with this mic by using a stereo width plugin like the Waves S1 to widen the image to get a similar result as A-B or even ORTF?
QUESTION:- How to choose different mics for different situations? ( variables could be location, actors' voice texture OR specific demand of the Story/Scene)
A Situation im facing next week:
I have to record 5 people standing on opposite ends of a late echoy room (Kapitulationssaal in Berlin) doing a play. How do I record them even if I don't have wireless lacs put on them?
Or more general how do I mic up a stage when recording a play?
Question: What shotgun Microphone should I buy? I'm in the market for a new Shotgun mic and I just want to know why I should get a microphone from deity?
Brilliant. Thanks for making it simple. I've been getting lost in articles that go way over my head but this made sense.
Can you talk about Mid-Side recording? I know it is another stereo recording technique and I listened to a tonebenders podcast where they played some examples and it sounded amazing, but I have never seen a tutorial that helps me fully get how to do it. Then again, you need a figure 8 microphone to do it and I do not think Deity is making any of those yet, so that's another product you may want to think about! They are pricey!
Would you say that it is very important to use the same model of microphones for this technique to work well? As in this video, Steve's mic sounded OK but Andrew's was muffled .
Thank you Guys ...!! :)
Are these two separate recordings superimposed on to a single Track so the timings are in Synch ? Also what happens when this Stereo recorded Audio is played on a Mono Speaker ... which part of the system merges the two separate Audio streams ?
What type of microphone(s) could I use to create a binaural sound? Besides the really expensive ones. Thank you!!
Is the effect not offset due to the interference tube on the shotgun mics? I would imagine that if you had an XY configuration using shotgun mics you would end up sounding a bit hollow or phasey? I understand the configuration with an SDC but with a shotgun i feel like the interference tubes would make it less than ideal for this role. Let me know if im wrong! Im curious as i only have a single shotgun so cant test.
I am still somewhat confused on recording bi-neural audio with 2 lavaliere microphones. You said to put them in your ears, but how does this work without picking up sound from the person wearing the microphones?
I would really like to know about transferring a stereo signal into 5.1 surround sound. But my most pressing questions is about delay when recording in stereo. What is the threshold to make the sound most immersive? Also what are the advantages or disadvantages to just duplicating a mono track?
Can you make a full Tutorial about a binaural setup? (Maybe how to use it on a set to creat an interesting sound experience or even how you can "DIY" a binaural setup with two lavalier microphones)
Question: I do a lot of recording in peoples offices. I just bring some basic handheld dynamic mics and some mic stands. Then I run those to a small soundboard that has a USB out that records to Adobe Audition on my laptop. It usually sounds decent but not great. Is there anything I can do to up the quality of the sound?
Should we record in 48 khz, or use our recorder's highest settings (96 / 192)?
My Question is not the best but a simple one. When recording Binaural audio is this technique viable for dialogue recording or is this strictly a room tone/ ambiance technique?
What is your favorite binaural recording environment? Like outdoor experience like nature or city? And do you think people utilize binaural more as a listening experience in the future?
Question: How far should lavalier mics and/ or indoor hypercardioid mics be placed from eatch other to avoid bleed and phase issues?
Great video about stereo recording. I was amused that almost none of the B roll actually showed someone using a stereo recording mic setup. The exception s were the acoustic guitar and the rubber ears? All of the foley clips were a single mic.
I shot my short film all by myself. So I could not record any Foley or other diegetic sounds at that location. What type of microphones or techniques should I use for outdoor locations and what setup should I choose for a large warehouse type of location?
Hello, can I proceed this technigues for dialogue recording ( interview )?
Are LAV mics the best option when considering a Binaural setup and what is the best method in syncing the audio sources correctly?
Question: what is the best way to record grand piano in stereo? How much channels will we need? How to mix them into final track?
Thanks for this explanation guys! Maybe you can tell me what Mid-Side recording will give me compared to OTRF and XY-recording.. Hope to hear from you!
Is phasing important when recording on location with multiple mics?
How do you process your captured audio afterwards, because we always record lower levels to avoid clipping? Really nice if it is the audio in audition through Premiere Pro 😊
So if I'm going to record our local high school marching band or chorus indoors, would XY be the best option?
For recording on a budget, what would you recommend for recording an even stereo track with different sized shotguns (eg. 1 highly directional and 1 much wider)
Awesome! Quite useful info right here! Keep it up, thanks :)
hi, I´m making a series of interviews in an out doors setting and I want to get my subject crearly and also the ambient sound in stereo as background. I want to ask what recomendations you have in regards to equipment and technics i need to use to get the results i need. the less equipment and the more mobile the better. thank you s very much!!!!
Great video I love the idea of emersive sound and stereo recording is great I am curious what can be done for recording in loud environments like trackside at a dragstrip to capture full range with deep base without clipping?
Though I'm not 1 of these guys. First we'd need to know the SPL track side at a drag strip. mic wize if it's with in the 150s DB I'd use the SE8. your choice if the cardeoides for XY ORTF or AB or the Omni version for AB and or spaced omni.
@@MrHamit64 I've thought of recording in a stereo pattern and setting levels and filters for clean ambient sound and then recording with a fabricated set up to capture sub base fill frequencies.
@@bigshooter461 Ah I see. Well sorry I couldn't be of much help other than that friend. But dephnitly I think you'd need mics that can handle hi SPL. Like the SE8 1s can.
Hello! I'm really interested in Binaural recording, I want to create videos with more ambient and atmospheric qualities and I was searching on Stereo mics until I learnt about Binaural recording in your video. I have one question: When it comes in post production, will it be much more difficult trying to blend or to seamlessly create one cohesive sound from having two lav mics as compared to just one stereo mic that pics up atmosphere sounds in the vicinity?
How a EQ and a compressor can improve my voiceover? how to use those tools correctly?
You forgot Mid/Side-stereo, didn't you?
Didn't really forget so much as showcased 3 techniques that are easy for people to use without having to buy special equipment.
for the x y pattern to work, we willl be requiring a atleast a two channel track mixer / recorder?
Do you have to reverse the phase of one of the mic recordings like in midside??
With binaural you forgot about the headshape (you need a head) and shoulders play a role too.
Can binaural rev technique used as an alternative or as another solution for vr rec or vehicle recording and other than lavs what other mics can be used
Wich is the best way tu put the microphones in a piano at the background?
Question: Is it worth recording 24/96 with a mic like the S Mic 2 even though its frequency response is only 50-20,000 hertz?
How would you go about converting a binaural recording to a surround sound recording?
so the best one in a mid-small room with some acoustic treatment is the XY right? because the space of the room is not too much
Can binaaural Recordings can be used as alternative or solution for vr recording
Can binaaural Recordings can be used as alternative or solution for vr recording
Can binaaural Recordings can be used as alternative or solution for vr recording
Where's mid/side?