I feel like Iberia is always underepresented in world history. The peninsula had a very rocky history before the 1500s, but nobody really talks about it.
@Clement Augustine In history class we dont talk about how great the Spanish/Portuguese empires were, we study the political/sociological/financial situations through the years of the entire history of the land we are from. Since prerroman cultures to Modern Spain/Portugal. The Spanish/Portuguese empires are part of history so we include them. Hope this clarifies your thoughts about History classes in Spain and Portugal.
@Clement Augustine then im sorry for the manners, you know what you studied. I hope that aspect could change in favor of other periods of Portugal's history.Greetings.
@Clement Augustine well, is not the same in Spain, i barely had to study the empire, history classes teached mainly about XIX-XX centuries, when spain was already meaningless internationally
@@zxera9702 they teach us the basic about everything, from iberians to alandalus on highschool, the less i estudied about are XVl and XVII centuries, later on last 2 highscool years we study XIX and XX centuries more than the rest
Well, he said you could not put a lot of early stuff in, it would make the Video too long. But Mattonella Scheggiata why don't you offer him your research and maybe he can make another video of Hispania, the early years? Kinda a prequel?
Roman presence in the Iberic Peninsula was not that strong has many suggest. Some of the cities built by the romans weren't even populated before their arrival and the region was used has a retreat for roman higher ranks.
Spanish history deserves more attention. Celts and Iberians, Greek and phoenician colonies, Rome, visigoths, muslims, christian kingdoms, disvoverement of a new world, conquest of America, Philippines, even the Netherlands were Spanish!
As you said, they worked for Spain, so their "discoveries" and conquest were and are credited to Spain. Nothing else matters, the nationalities of the navigators are not important, what matters here is who put the money, and it was Spain. But yeah, I'm kinda agree with you, not only the history of Spain deserves more attention, the history of the whole Iberian peninsula deserves more attention. Oh, and who discovered America wasn't Italian at all, he was from the Republic of Florence, at that time it was independent... but who cares right?
@Jai 92, When Portugal conquered Ceuta in 1415, Castile didn't have any clue about the New World or what a vessel was. Portugal has always been way ahead of Castile in the Age of Discovery. Both Galicia and the Canary Islands are originally Portuguese and so is Equatorial Guinea, founded and settled by the Portuguese Empire for many centuries before being handed over to Castile as a result of an agreement aimed at enlarging Portuguese land in America. Speaking of America, Portugal was the first one landing there through the expedition steered by the great João Vaz Corte-Real, who is the real founder of the American continent due to his discovery of Terra Nova and Labrador (modern-day Canada). Brazil alone is larger and has more people than all other South American countries combined. The Castilian-speaking countries in Central America are a few third-world nations without any relevance on the world stage. Even the Philippines were discovered by our very own Fernão de Magalhães. Portugal's mark is spread across all continents, which speaks volumes about the greatness of the Portuguese empire and its enormous edge over its Castilian rival (it is important to note there has never been a Spanish empire). I understand your feelings of bitterness, envy and your inferiority complex towards Portugal but your frustration could only be eased by accepting reality. It's my free piece of advice, dude :)
+Sir Fmmm "was an italian", that is funny because italy didnt even exists, what is more funny is that you really believe such an absurd like this. So he was genovese, right?, but he wrote a shitload of letters you can still read nowadays, to his sister and family.. in castilian.. yeah, that makes sense, like when you are english and write letters to your mom in polish.. right.. and yeah.. germans.. sure, the cradle of civilization right?.. ops nop, while germans were still wearing furs and living in caves, there were awesome roads and infrastructures in what is spain nowadays...
@Eto Bern First off, don't title this video as History of Iberia: Year by year... If you are going to skip the whole ancient period. The author should have called this the history of Iberia from 395 aC to 2017. He just cut half of the history off. Secondly, it is well documented, by Estrabon (Geographia III), Pliny the Elder, Marco Porcio Caton "the Elder", Silio Itálico (book III), Quinto Horacio Flacco (Book IV, oda XIV) etc etc
HeyDuoDuosHeyDuoDuos no, he should not start at any time besides that which he chooses. By every year, he does not mean every year in history, he instead means for the time he covers, he does year by year. And yes he did not do this for the Roman conquest but I believe he only put that in as background info. Furthermore, he’s not even advertising anything so idek what u mean by that.
HeyDuoDuosHeyDuoDuos why do u feel so bloody entitled to the history of the roman conquests, he obviously doesn’t mean every year and instead means yearly as that is what he did,. Maybe in a technical sense it is an advertisement but it is normally referred to as click bait when the title/thumbnail do not reflect the content:
curious fact: the word Spain (España) It derives from "Hispania" which was the name that the Romans gave to the peninsula, during the Middle Ages the entire peninsula was called Spain despite having several kingdoms, since Spain was the name of a geographical region and not of any country second curious fact: the kings of León used the title of "emperor of Spain" although Spain was not yet a country, this happens because, as I said before, Spain was a geographical nameThey used it because León was the most powerful kingdom in the peninsula, that is, the most powerful kingdom in Spain. This is why when King Felipe II unites Spain with Portugal, he calls himself "emperor of all Spain." And if Spain is called like that, it is because the objective with which Castile and Aragon were united was to unify the entire peninsula, something that could not be achieved by the Portuguese restoration war. third curious fact: the word "Al-Andalus" descends from the word "Vandhaucia" which means "land of vandals" since the Germanic vandals came to Africa from the peninsula, and at that time it was used to name the entire peninsula, not just Andalusia. fourth curious fact: the Greeks called the peninsula iberia, like the area that is now Georgia, they did so because the Iberian indigenous people reminded them of the Georgian indigenous people, since both peoples lived on the banks of the rivers Fifth curious fact: in Spain, specifically in the south-western area, the kingdom of Tartessus developed, the first organized state in western Europe and One of the first states in Europe, surpassed only by Greece, ate a lot with Greeks and Phoenicians sixth curious fact: the word Gibraltar does not come from Spanish or English, but from Arabic, it means "the stone of tarik", it was given that name in honor of General Tarik, who led the conquest Of the peninsula, originally it was called "Gilb Ar Tarik" but the word was deformed Fun fact: Muslims called the Iberian Peninsula al-Andalus and called the rest of Europe "Hispalis"
There is a new theory about the origin of the name Al-Andalus which says that it derives from the Greek "anatolé", which means the place where a star rises and that its phonetic evolution led to "anadolus", in Latin and then to Arabic as "Andalus". As the Sun does not rise in the west, it has been theorized that the star to which the name refers is Venus.
@@carlosvega4704 This myth just needs to die. There were 0 Phoenician or Greek Colonies in modern day Portuguese territory. The Phoenician colonies were mostly around the Andalucian and Murcian coasts, and the Greek ones on the Valencian and Catalonian coasts.
@@divinechariot5542 Not ruins, archeological remains such as coins, pottery and jewelry. Far more likely to be due to trade with the locals than anything else.
@@FaithfulOfBrigantia Right but they did make a trading post. There is significant evidence of trade that it's likely there was a presence in the area.
During the period from 1808 to 1814, the King of The Spanish Kingdom was José Bonaparte. Spain was not a province or a colony of France. Not even like the occupied France under III Reich. It Was still officially a diferent kingdom
Batalha de Aljubarrota! O terror dos castelhanos que sempre nos invejam hahaha. Portugal é independente desde 1143 e tem mais história e moral que a Espanha. Aliás, o poder político-administrativo de Madrid é tão bom que várias regiões querem independência como a Catalunha, Navarra, Aragão, Pais Basco, Galiza, etc. Esta última que tanto os portugueses apoiam... principalmente pelas origens culturais e linguísticas. Deveriam nos devolver Olivença, pois sabem que sempre foi nossa. Viva Portugal e o seu povo valente!
Great detail showing the conquest of Lisbon by Alfonso II riding 700 Kms from Oviedo around the 800 CE!!!! It really impressed me, it reveals a profound researching work. You got my 10!
Im from Spain, and im so proud of our history and i feel proud of having been conquisted by those states that make Spain be like Spain is now ❤️Love Portugal too 🇪🇸🇵🇹
Thx bro ya know buddy we’re cousins ( I think that I say “cousin” right because I’m now confused with da German soooooo, welp... I don’t know what I’m saying ).
@@gagnabil like Gibraltar rejoigning spain , like all thing should be , your city is too important to not be possessed , it's like Singapore , being a city state in a strait is a huge advantage for the country and spain most likely will die for you
@@planteruines5619 Like Monaco is doing well independent from France. Like I'm not from Iberia. Like everybody is free to argue but we respect others choices.
I'd like to say 'thank you' to Drex, who helped a lot with this video: ua-cam.com/channels/S1Q3Igx4ow3RsZLzFVvbTg.html A version of this video without the topography will be available on his channel soon!
Sorry to be a killjoy, but you have an error in this video. There was no restauration of the Portuguese kingdom from 1947 to 1957. The monarchy was abolished from 1910 onward, only republican regimes followed.
That is the WORST video you make I have seen……The geographic map is not good enough and Portuguese is not Portugese！There is no kingdom in Portugal after 1910.Why you turn the British Empire into UK？I think you shouldn't use this word because British Monarchy has not been thought an empire by another European country especially France.
only one mistake that the English speakers always make: Castile and Aragon had not joined after Fernando and Isabel got married. Both Kingdoms would unite after the establishment of the Bourbon dinasty in the 18th century.
There were not one crown with Fernando and Isabel, there were two differents united crowns. in 1516 Carlos I proclaimed himself King of Spain to the death of Fernando I instead of king of Castille and Aragón, but there were still really two kingdoms with one army but two different laws. There are those who say that the Treaty of Westphalia at 1648 really meant the birth of Spain and there are those who say that it was with the constitution of 1812.
@@AnImperialGod is not the same. "Spain" in that era was formed by Castile, Aragón and Portugal, and they wer 3 different kingdoms with different laws, different wars, etc... Thats why the flag of aragon was in the kingdom of Naples but the castilian one not, and thats why there were only castilian flags in the discoverment of America
Fake iberians. Real iberians converted peacefully to islam and they were massacred by the Spaniards along with Arabs, Berber and other Muslims. It wasn't an invasion. Iberians and jews in Iberia are the ones who called Muslims for help against Germans and Romans!!!!
Strongest Aids and who said that iberians wanted them to leave? Iberians converted to islam and many priests joined Muslims against the Christian germans!
I want to remark several mistakes on the video. The first one is related to the Kingdom of Navarre, between 1198-1200 Navarre lost the Basque territory instead of 1344. In the south Spain there are two kingdoms that were formed in 1233 when Ferdinand III of Castille conquered the most part of the south, Jaén and Córdoba were called kingdoms and these kingdoms don't take part from Toledo. Seville, Cordoba and Jaén and Granada were called the four kingdoms of Andalusia.
The first parliament in history was in the Kingdom Of Leon. "The cortes of León from year 1188 was a parliamentary body in the medieval kingdom. According to the UNESCO, It is the oldest documentary manifestation of the European parliamentary system with some temporal continuity".
@@pedrocheJ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Althing I think 930 is older than 1188. It says in the article that the Courts of León were the first parliament to represent the full citizenry, but not the first ever.
Did you actually not include TARTESSOS??? And neither Viriato... Technically, you skipped all the Ancient Age. Also, you didn't show the civil wars of the XIX century (the Carlist Wars).
It was not a "union". The Spaniards took advantage of the fact that the Portuguese army was in Africa and invaded Portugal. Then they were defeated and expelled.
"Death" of king D. Sebastião I, and possession of the Portuguese throne by Felipe II of Spain, who was the closest living relative of the former Portuguese king.
Just a few corrections I'd like to add. From at least the countship of D. Teresa, and reafirmed by the Treaty of Tuy, Portugal owned the lands of Astorga (assuring them to D. Afonso Henriques). D. Afonso Henriques took several galician castles, which lead to the Treaty of Tuy, after D. Alfonso VII fought back. Portugal didn't have the same borders, in the Treaty of Alcanizes, there were some land swaps between both realms. For 4 years, D. Fernando I of Portugal was the king of Galicia and Leon. The Kingdom of the Algarve of Beyond the Sea in Africa included other territories other than Ceuta. Though it is small, you could also include the microstate of Couto Misto
Lo que usted describe , es totalmente falso . El Reino Astur Leonés , es el padre de Castilla y Portugal . Portugal se independizó del Reino Astur leonés, por una bula papal y la separación se firmó en la ciudad de Zamora . Le aseguro que de haberse unido los reinos cristianos en la Reconquista de Hispania , hoy Portugal , sería una comunidad autónoma Española . También estoy seguro, de qué Castilla fue la gran responsable de la separación de Portugal, pues Castilla, interrumpió la reconquista de Hispania un siglo antes de la independencia de Portugal . El Reino de León , sin la ayuda de los demás reinos Cristianos , no podía rematar la reconquista . La prueba está en la unión de las coronas de León y Castilla , sólo con la unión sé pudo reconquistar toda España .
One slight problem. The Anglo Dutch actually captured Gibraltar during the Spanish war of succession(1704) not the British. It was later ceded to the British empire 9 years later(1713) not instantly. This is a very slight mistake and doesn't really matter. I would just like to inform those who care.
typical pseudo history of the lowest calibre expected of a republican with chipped and sloped shoulders. gibraltar was used as a royal navy port and occupied by british troops from its capture in 1704 to this very day. this video gets it wrong, anyway, just as you have.
@@elcartucherasrm7077 It isn't legal, Spain recognised that Olivença belongs to Portugal in 1817, and promised to Portugal to return it, so yes it's pretty much illegal
@@averygoodsenator5866 that is false, Spain never recognized Olivença as Portuguese territory because the Portuguese invaded and conquered the eastern part of Rio de Plata (Uruguay), that is the reason why Spain in the Paris Conference didn't recognize it as Portuguese territory. Olivença is legally Spanish.
Yimo Awanardo I know I’m replying to a year old comment but I’m gonna do it anyway. Yeah I agree the comments especially the reply section is a clusterfuck.
@@stuckupcurlyguy Nah, they were respectful of that "Union of seperate kingdoms" at the start, but the later Filipes wanted to slowly make Portugal ruled by spaniards, changing the portuguese people in power with spanish ones...that didn't go well for them...their fault
@@hmmm3210 Let me guess. You are a high school dropout, and contribute nothing to your society, yet somehow think that your country owe you something, correct?
Stuff like this happened all the time. Occasionally Catholic Kingdoms managed to siege down settlements all the way down in Andalusia or Algarve and Muslims managed to raid as far north as Galicia or Navarra. Warfare back in the day was far more Mobile and cant be accurately defined by coloured borders.
You should do a video about "History of Eurasian Steppes". I really think it would be interesting because of its influence it had on Europe, the Middle Eat and Eastern Asia.
In Asturias there are some names of Celtic gods, LUGones, LUGo de Llanera, LUGaces are some villages , TARANES, a mountain, TARANES a small town , TARNA a small town and a mountain port, BELEÑO, BELEÑA derives from BELENOS, DEVA, an island, an hills, and two rivers.and Dna test show the Spanish people genetic halo groups R1b in 60-70 - 80 %
@@Loki881247 Check out the Atlantic Seaboard theory that places the origins of the celts in western Europe, namely Galicia, West France and the British Islands, as opposed to the traditional Central European theory.
@@Loki881247 no, no lo fue. La primera región celta del mundo estaba entre Austria y Baviera (más menos), y los celtas llegaron mucho más tarde, se asentaron por todo el norte penínsular.
Great video but just a small correction: The municipality of Olivenza was ceded to Spain in 1801 in the treaty of Alcañices and you left it under Portugal up to today
You forget the native civilization of Tartessos, between the gulf of Cadiz and Sevilla, which was famous between greeks and phoenicians, and maybe the start of the "Atlantis Legend".
This was amazing to watch, even though there is a mistake regarding the Olivenza region. It should be Spanish from 1801 onwards, as it was given to Spain for their victory alongside France in the War of the Oranges against Portugal. For everything else, you earned yourself a subscriber!
@@pedromedeiros1186 Yet it isn't historically accurate to say Olivenza has been Portuguese since then. Even though we assumed it should belong to Portugal (which is, as you said, debatable) it is inaccurate to say Olivenza has not been a part of Spain since 1801, simply because it has never operated as a part of Portugal!
@@thepoxh5845 True, it was and is being administered by Spain. But if the maker of this video is using the treaty as the defining borders i wouldn’t disagree. So putting one or the other doesn’t really make a difference.
Ignacio Arrieta But meanwhile one of the authorities is the president of France, the spanish authority is the bishop of Urgell (Lleida, Catalonia) A little funny
Which means it'd be co-ruled by a Frenchie and a Catalonian if Catalonia ever got its independence. Or, perhaps more likely, they'd change bishops. When I say "ruled", I don't mean "governed". They rule Andorra about as much as the English queen rules Canada, I'll wager. Which is not to say she never meddles.
After 1910 Portugal was always a Republic. In the video Portugal appears for a brief period as a kingdom around 1950 (there was military dictatorship until 1974 but not only Portugal was still not a kingdom at the time, but also this regime lasted much longer than the "kingdom" in your video). I believe there is no basis for that, and I am sure it was a mistake. Apart from that, I enjoyed this video very much. Thanks!
As a Mexican American, its very interesting that I as well as all Hispanics (and Portugal and Brazil) are a huge genetic mix of different cultures in one. Especially the Latinos, with Native American blood.
There's a small mistake, you show Olivenza as part of Portugal up to nowadays. Although Spain recognized that territory as portuguese in the XIX century it never effectively returned it to Portugal.
uum, no Rebels, and they offered it to France, and one or two years later, France was a bad option, and they prefer return to Spain again, France was worst. Brilliant politics....
Pls note that, while you might wanna see the Iberian Wedding as a unification of Kingdoms, it was more of a dynastic unification. Most of the administration in Castilla and Aragon remained independent from each other. In fact, the only entity they had in common was the Inquisition (which btw wasn't as bad as most people think)
Yea totally not as bad they only tortured humans with objects that even satan would scream like a little girl from and just destroyed mosques burnt books because they were illiterate and did their best trying to erase the greatest civilisation Iberia has ever seen. Not that bad
That's was in Northern Europe bro, the Spanish Inqusition was one of the least deadly and that's a fact, it's only reminded as you say because of the Black Legend (propaganda against Spain from UK, the Netherlands, etc)
You know what? I first only wanted to see yet another of Your fine map animations (is my impression wrong or are the ancient years in a less resolution - never mind). But what really made my day was this MUSIC!!! It triggered me to spend some hours to find more about it, there are many versions on UA-cam. So You gave us a double joy: the maps and the music. THANK YOU!
Morocco, my God 500 years in Liberia A lot of Spaniards believe that these buildings were built by the Spaniards and do not know that the Moroccan Muslims built it
Have you done one for the Spanish Empire, like you did one for the British Empire, that incorporates the conquests and overseas colonies? At one point, the Sun never set on the Spanish Empire: Spain, the Netherlands, Naples, Canary Islands, the Western Hemisphere from California down to Tierra del Fuego, the Phillipines, and Spanish India. I would call it an Empire. Ditto Portugal, with their holdings in Asia, India, Africa, and Brazil. How about it??
Well the British conquered stuff, the Spainish just had sex with the right person. Also the new world colonization is hard to map because it was done by Spanish individuals and only later was taken over by the Spanish crown.
Me sorprende lo poco que saben de la historia de España algunos en los comentarios y lo mucho que hablan. Y por supuesto, el mito mágico que aún persiste: Al Andalus era un paraíso multicultural, lo increíble es que algunos se lo creen y todo.
Me surpreendi também com esses gringos pós modernos que não sabem nada sobre a história de vocês sou brasileiro e venho pesquisando sobre a história de meus ancestrais
Dado el clima político actual no me parece raro, todos los de la esfera Anglo( y Europa occidental lamentablemente) están bien adoctrinados desde pequeños, se les inculca una ideología alérgica a la verdad
@@shaneekaminniefield6129 They’re not forgotten, we’re just tired in Iberia of the modern narrative which says that the moors were multicultural open minded science geniuses and the Christians were oppressive bloodthirsty warriors
Aleix Zaporta Then remove the Balearic islands, the north of Morocco and the south of France, you either make it strictly geographic or you add all that's relevant to this group
Good. Only a correction: Kigdom of Algarve (1249-1800s) corresponded to modern Algarve limits. Not occupying the majority of Southern Alentejo (Lower Alentejo province formally also Kingdom of Portugal), as it is shown in the map, and some territories along the expanded border of both Beiras (Center, from Durius to the Tagos) were only integrated in Portugal in 1297 (agreements with Castile and Leon). "Kingdom of Portugal" (until 1800s) also not confused with Portugal (Portugal and Algaves etc.) as a Crown and Nationwood (including Nationality since Lower Middle Ages - there was no Algarvians, Islanders, Brazilians etc as a nation, but Portuguese Naturals - People, States and provinces (all of them) in the Law - Ordenações). Also the Setubal Peninsula in Portugal (the only South of Tagus at that time and the isolated enclave of Évora) were held against the temporary Almohad reconquest of the south. Also other pormenors in the Spanish today territory, but it was much things and changes. Taking this and so much complexity into acount, as a whole very very good indeed, correct and informative.
Hey Ollie, Great video but it'd be awesome if you could slow down the year by year rate. It's a bit to fast. Maybe that's just me but I really liked to be able to grasp all the border shifts in a single year instead of a general idea. Once again, great video thanks!
I have to say, with its own errors, I find this video the most accurate I've ever seen in YT when it comes to tell the history of Leon, which is often wrongly depicted in almost every video. Can't really get why Leon is divided into Leon and Extremadura since those two were in the same kingdom for a long time.
Para nada. El reino de Asturias se proclamo como heredero del reino visigodo en varias ocasiones. Sobre todo a partir de Alfonso II y Alfonso III. Pelayo, quien inicio la reconquista era visigodo así como el duque Pedro de Cantabria que unieron sus linajes con Alfonso I y Ermesinga. España (y portugal) es el Reino Visigodo restaurado.
@@samvel_mmiii No this semantic bullshit again. Hispania is a roman nomenclature. Could as well be called Iberia and the spanish picked a different name (Castilla, for example) for their country.
@@jeanjacqueslundi3502 Why only Castilla? Spain is a kingdom to this day, and has many ethnicities and languages: Catalans, Basques, Galicians, etc. On the flag of Spain are the coats of arms of all the kingdoms that make up this country. The modern place names Spain and Hispaniola are both derived from Hispania. It's the same thing.
Just one mistake: The kingdom of Jaén since 1246, where is it? fix it out. Cordoba and Jaén were kingdoms, not inside of Toledo's territory. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ja%C3%A9n
You show how Olivenza becomes Spanish in the early 19th century, but then goes back to Portugal. It never went back. Olivenza is Spanish since then. This is not a nationalist statement, nor anything to annoy Portuguese people, is just reality. The same reality that makes Gibraltar British.
كان هناك رجل بأنف ملتصقة ذات مرة على أنف فائق ، ذات مرة كان لا يزال نصف حي ، ذات مرة كان هناك سمكة أبو سيف ملتح بشدة ؛ كانت مزولة بشكل سيء. كان هناك فيل مقلوبًا ، ذات مرة على أنف سايون واكتب ، أوفيديو ناسون مع أنف فاسد. ذات مرة على القادس حفز ، ذات مرة على هرم في مصر ، اثنا عشر سبط من الأنوف. مرة واحدة على ما لا نهاية فضولي جدا ، الفريزيان أركنوز ، قيراطوليرا ، تشيلبلين مقلي بنفسجي.
Portugal is not the first global empire in history. The two Iberian countries are the first global empires. Spain came to Africa before: the Canary Islands 1404. 2 continents. But Aragon already had colonies in North Africa before. In addition, Spain was spreading across Europe: Italy, Greece, the Mediterranean. Portugal has a base in Africa in 1415 (Ceuta), and Madeira in 1418. Then Portugal expands into the Gulf of Guinea and explores the entire west coast of Africa in the 15th century. 2 continents, like Spain. But Spain reaches the third continent earlier: America, 1492 Spain was on 2 and 3 continents before Portugal. Portugal reached Asia in 1498 and Brazil (America) in 1500. 4 continents. But the world has 5 or 6 continents. Spain reached the Pacific Ocean and Asia in 1520. Magellan and El cano, which made the first round the world. 5 continents, bringing products to Europe. Portugal 4. Philipines, Guam, Carolinas, Marquesas 1564 (Asia and Oceania) Spain annexed the Portuguese empire in 1580. It is the first time that a single monarchy (the Spanish of Felipe II) is hegemonic in the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Mediterranean oceans, with lands and routes on the 5 continents. That may be the first global empire. Portugal never had routes in the Pacific Ocean and in the archipelagos. Gabriel de Castilla sees Antarctica 1603 But more than Portugal or Spain, I think it is a parallel imperial development of the two Iberian countries.
@@Gloriaimperial1 Portugal arrive América in 1473 ( Canadá ) João Vaz corte real ahahahah Portugal discovered Austrália in 1522 Cristóvão De Mendonça ahahahagahah
La historia de Marruecos🇲🇦🇲🇦❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️, el imperio almorávide y el monoteísmo islámico. Por eso estoy orgulloso de ser marroquí. Esta es mi identidad. A pesar de las diferencias históricas con España y Portugal, siento un gran amor hacia los dos países de Marruecos. Te amo España y Portugal. Viva la gran historia de Marruecos. Saludos a los españoles y portugueses, un marroquí que los ama
قاعد بتذل حالك عندهم وبتمسحلهم جوخ ليش ؟؟؟؟؟؟ انا مش من المغرب بس ياعمي صدقني عمرهم مارح يحبونا تعال اقرأ التعليقات كلها بتصف الحكم الاسلامي بالغزو والارهاب مع أنه الاندلس كحضارة دامت 8 قرون كانت وقتها منارة بأوروبا واوروبا كلها قاع مضلم لكن مبعترفوش وقليل منهم يلي بعترفو بهالاشي
@@Lokoflash الارهاب لماذا ؟؟؟؟؟!!!!! هيا يا رجل كن منصفا الاندلس كحضارة إسلامية دامت ثمانية قرون كانت كالمنارة في أوروبا التي كانت مضلمة في ذلك الوقت وغارقة بالجهل .... لما هذه العنصرية هل فعل المسلمون شيئاً سيئا أثناء حكمهم لهذه البلاد ؟؟؟ يكفي ان الإسبان قامو بتهجير الأندلسيين من بلدهم بعد سقوط الأندلس ....... أيضا ماذا عن الإرهاب الذي قام به الاسبان من مجازر بالسكان الاصليين لقارة امريكا الشمالية والجنوبية ؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟
In fact, Ceuta and Melilia are still occupied by Spain to this day (which was not very clear on the map at the end). Very great video. Greetings from Morocco :)
I'd disagree there. The political map is fine (very minor issues like olivenza), but the geographical maps like terrain and climate are very bad, a coastal area like Coruña has mild winters and another coastal one like Girona have severe winters, meanwhile the Highlands of Burgos, León and Teruel which can get as cold as Berlin, have no winters.
The basque provines would mantain their autonomy charters until 1839, in the video, only Navarre appears. I also found weird the fact that the current basque Autonomy region is labeled as "Alava" (aka "Araba"). Each of the three provinces had its own charter which granted autonomic powers and border management (which included border taxes between the provinces). In any case, for simplification, the Biscay/Bizkaia province was the most prominent, not Alava/Araba. Currently, all of the four provinces have special autonomic status, Bisccay/Bizkaia. Araba and Gipuzkoa are grouped in a bigger institution called "Basque Country/Euskadi".
I feel like Iberia is always underepresented in world history. The peninsula had a very rocky history before the 1500s, but nobody really talks about it.
@Clement Augustine In history class we dont talk about how great the Spanish/Portuguese empires were, we study the political/sociological/financial situations through the years of the entire history of the land we are from. Since prerroman cultures to Modern Spain/Portugal. The Spanish/Portuguese empires are part of history so we include them.
Hope this clarifies your thoughts about History classes in Spain and Portugal.
@Clement Augustine then im sorry for the manners, you know what you studied. I hope that aspect could change in favor of other periods of Portugal's history.Greetings.
@Clement Augustine well, is not the same in Spain, i barely had to study the empire, history classes teached mainly about XIX-XX centuries, when spain was already meaningless internationally
They should teach us about al andalus or emirate of cordoba.
@@zxera9702 they teach us the basic about everything, from iberians to alandalus on highschool, the less i estudied about are XVl and XVII centuries, later on last 2 highscool years we study XIX and XX centuries more than the rest
I'm honestly surprised that you did not show the Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula in more detail.
Yeah, me too.
anonymous anonymous maybe it wasn't that much documented
Pipsy nope, i studied last year and i have done a lot of researches about it.
Well, he said you could not put a lot of early stuff in, it would make the Video too long.
But Mattonella Scheggiata why don't you offer him your research and maybe he can make another video of Hispania, the early years? Kinda a prequel?
Roman presence in the Iberic Peninsula was not that strong has many suggest. Some of the cities built by the romans weren't even populated before their arrival and the region was used has a retreat for roman higher ranks.
Spanish history deserves more attention. Celts and Iberians, Greek and phoenician colonies, Rome, visigoths, muslims, christian kingdoms, disvoverement of a new world, conquest of America, Philippines, even the Netherlands were Spanish!
As you said, they worked for Spain, so their "discoveries" and conquest were and are credited to Spain. Nothing else matters, the nationalities of the navigators are not important, what matters here is who put the money, and it was Spain.
But yeah, I'm kinda agree with you, not only the history of Spain deserves more attention, the history of the whole Iberian peninsula deserves more attention.
Oh, and who discovered America wasn't Italian at all, he was from the Republic of Florence, at that time it was independent... but who cares right?
sir Fmmm Germany arrived to the moon for werner von braun?? this is same...
Colon could not be italian it isn´t clear if he was italian and there are theorys that claim him to be galician portugues, etc
@Jai 92, When Portugal conquered Ceuta in 1415, Castile didn't have any clue about the New World or what a vessel was. Portugal has always been way ahead of Castile in the Age of Discovery. Both Galicia and the Canary Islands are originally Portuguese and so is Equatorial Guinea, founded and settled by the Portuguese Empire for many centuries before being handed over to Castile as a result of an agreement aimed at enlarging Portuguese land in America. Speaking of America, Portugal was the first one landing there through the expedition steered by the great João Vaz Corte-Real, who is the real founder of the American continent due to his discovery of Terra Nova and Labrador (modern-day Canada). Brazil alone is larger and has more people than all other South American countries combined. The Castilian-speaking countries in Central America are a few third-world nations without any relevance on the world stage. Even the Philippines were discovered by our very own Fernão de Magalhães. Portugal's mark is spread across all continents, which speaks volumes about the greatness of the Portuguese empire and its enormous edge over its Castilian rival (it is important to note there has never been a Spanish empire). I understand your feelings of bitterness, envy and your inferiority complex towards Portugal but your frustration could only be eased by accepting reality. It's my free piece of advice, dude :)
+Sir Fmmm "was an italian", that is funny because italy didnt even exists, what is more funny is that you really believe such an absurd like this. So he was genovese, right?, but he wrote a shitload of letters you can still read nowadays, to his sister and family.. in castilian.. yeah, that makes sense, like when you are english and write letters to your mom in polish.. right.. and yeah.. germans.. sure, the cradle of civilization right?.. ops nop, while germans were still wearing furs and living in caves, there were awesome roads and infrastructures in what is spain nowadays...
Spain is a badass country!
Respect from Poland 🇵🇱
Why don’t you believe in Christianity
I really like Poland: how they Rose from the ashes of communist dictatorship to become a prósperous country
And while Poland was most loser country in Europe
Yep
We portuguese beat them every time kkk
Where is the roman conquest? you just skipped 200 years of war...
@Eto Bern First off, don't title this video as History of Iberia: Year by year... If you are going to skip the whole ancient period. The author should have called this the history of Iberia from 395 aC to 2017. He just cut half of the history off.
Secondly, it is well documented, by Estrabon (Geographia III), Pliny the Elder, Marco Porcio Caton "the Elder", Silio Itálico (book III), Quinto Horacio Flacco (Book IV, oda XIV) etc etc
Sec.III a.C...
But he has to start somewhere and it is up to him when
HeyDuoDuosHeyDuoDuos no, he should not start at any time besides that which he chooses. By every year, he does not mean every year in history, he instead means for the time he covers, he does year by year. And yes he did not do this for the Roman conquest but I believe he only put that in as background info. Furthermore, he’s not even advertising anything so idek what u mean by that.
HeyDuoDuosHeyDuoDuos why do u feel so bloody entitled to the history of the roman conquests, he obviously doesn’t mean every year and instead means yearly as that is what he did,.
Maybe in a technical sense it is an advertisement but it is normally referred to as click bait when the title/thumbnail do not reflect the content:
curious fact: the word Spain (España) It derives from "Hispania" which was the name that the Romans gave to the peninsula, during the Middle Ages the entire peninsula was called Spain despite having several kingdoms, since Spain was the name of a geographical region and not of any country
second curious fact: the kings of León used the title of "emperor of Spain" although Spain was not yet a country, this happens because, as I said before, Spain was a geographical nameThey used it because León was the most powerful kingdom in the peninsula, that is, the most powerful kingdom in Spain. This is why when King Felipe II unites Spain with Portugal, he calls himself "emperor of all Spain." And if Spain is called like that, it is because the objective with which Castile and Aragon were united was to unify the entire peninsula, something that could not be achieved by the Portuguese restoration war.
third curious fact: the word "Al-Andalus" descends from the word "Vandhaucia" which means "land of vandals" since the Germanic vandals came to Africa from the peninsula, and at that time it was used to name the entire peninsula, not just Andalusia.
fourth curious fact: the Greeks called the peninsula iberia, like the area that is now Georgia, they did so because the Iberian indigenous people reminded them of the Georgian indigenous people, since both peoples lived on the banks of the rivers
Fifth curious fact: in Spain, specifically in the south-western area, the kingdom of Tartessus developed, the first organized state in western Europe and One of the first states in Europe, surpassed only by Greece, ate a lot with Greeks and Phoenicians
sixth curious fact: the word Gibraltar does not come from Spanish or English, but from Arabic, it means "the stone of tarik", it was given that name in honor of General Tarik, who led the conquest Of the peninsula, originally it was called "Gilb Ar Tarik" but the word was deformed
Fun fact: Muslims called the Iberian Peninsula al-Andalus and called the rest of Europe "Hispalis"
La península ibérica dará y dará siempre de que hablar
It was (Jabal Tariq) though not gilb ar tarik and it means the mountain of tariq
But thanks for the facts
تصحيح كلمة اسبانيا المشتق من هيسبانيا اصلها قرطاجي و ليس روماني
There is a new theory about the origin of the name Al-Andalus which says that it derives from the Greek "anatolé", which means the place where a star rises and that its phonetic evolution led to "anadolus", in Latin and then to Arabic as "Andalus". As the Sun does not rise in the west, it has been theorized that the star to which the name refers is Venus.
@@Al-Hussainy It was jibr al tariq shortened to jibr al tar (became gibraltar). Jibr is singular meaning mountain or mount
Hi Spain it's your nieghbour, Portugal. We are still here, much love!
I am Portuguese
Greetings from Spain to you, sincerely a spaniard that loves Portugal and plans to learn portuguese. :)
Hi im kingdom of morocco stil here to haha
@@survivor23 ? We have nothing to do with you.
@Antoine Shelby go cry to ur bed
Gadir (Cádiz) its a city founded by phoenicians around 1100 bc
So was Portugal. Now they are the Lebanese people.
@@carlosvega4704
This myth just needs to die.
There were 0 Phoenician or Greek Colonies in modern day Portuguese territory.
The Phoenician colonies were mostly around the Andalucian and Murcian coasts, and the Greek ones on the Valencian and Catalonian coasts.
@@FaithfulOfBrigantia Not full on colonies per se but there are Phoenician ruins in Lisbon.
@@divinechariot5542
Not ruins, archeological remains such as coins, pottery and jewelry.
Far more likely to be due to trade with the locals than anything else.
@@FaithfulOfBrigantia Right but they did make a trading post. There is significant evidence of trade that it's likely there was a presence in the area.
I was very surprised when I saw the sudden change for the blue Territories. Then I remembered- Oh Napoleon, how could've I forgotten.
During the period from 1808 to 1814, the King of The Spanish Kingdom was José Bonaparte. Spain was not a province or a colony of France. Not even like the occupied France under III Reich. It Was still officially a diferent kingdom
@@carlosgracia9888 fué una invasion en toda regla.
The peninsula war
Greetings from Italy latin brothers, may our nations be great again
Baffo d'oro latin European countries, the best ones in Europe by far, VIVA ITALIA!
But the Italians started the black legend and now you want to blow each other off! Shame on you!
Ave Caesar!
@@waxman96 Which major nation never raped and/or pillaged in offensive wars?
Make latin countries great again
There is a spanish surname (Matamoros) that means literally "Moors slayer".
This name sounds so fucking epic
without the mores there would never be a Spanish empire or Portuguese empire
"Moors killer"*
In portuguese there is a surname with the same idea
Matamouros
Most country spain afraid from is 🇲🇦 Morocco
The Suebian peoples of North Portugal, Galicia and Asturias has left a unique taste in the Iberian Peninsula
Batalha de Aljubarrota! O terror dos castelhanos que sempre nos invejam hahaha. Portugal é independente desde 1143 e tem mais história e moral que a Espanha. Aliás, o poder político-administrativo de Madrid é tão bom que várias regiões querem independência como a Catalunha, Navarra, Aragão, Pais Basco, Galiza, etc. Esta última que tanto os portugueses apoiam... principalmente pelas origens culturais e linguísticas. Deveriam nos devolver Olivença, pois sabem que sempre foi nossa.
Viva Portugal e o seu povo valente!
@@franciscoadalbertomansodeo4953 triggered portuguese
@@franciscoadalbertomansodeo4953 you want milk baby?
@@nosirve9458 você que precisa disso, pois já deve ter provado muuuito hahaha
@@franciscoadalbertomansodeo4953 ok you want milk
Great detail showing the conquest of Lisbon by Alfonso II riding 700 Kms from Oviedo around the 800 CE!!!! It really impressed me, it reveals a profound researching work. You got my 10!
This geographic style map look really good. Keep on with it. Nice work.
A Norwegian king with nice hair ... no it's the worest one i prefer the usual one
Mohammed Aljammal Allah doesn't exist
A Norwegian king with nice hair fuck you !! and your girl hair !!!!
HUE HUE HUEE nerd
Im from Spain, and im so proud of our history and i feel proud of having been conquisted by those states that make Spain be like Spain is now ❤️Love Portugal too 🇪🇸🇵🇹
Hello there 🇲🇦
We love you too brothers
@@aladdinjoestar2646 you belong to France. Silence yourself
What do you think of Andalusia? 🇩🇿🇲🇦 Cordoba 💪💪💪
@@supersonicspeed157 I hate moors
Love Spain and Portugal from your latin brother Romania 🇷🇴❤️🇵🇹❤️🇪🇸
Love u Romania u gave us vampires and for thank im so grateful, I was tired of witches as mythological evils lol
Love from Spain ❤️❤️🇪🇸 🇷🇴
Love from Portugal 🇵🇹❤️🇹🇩
Thx bro ya know buddy we’re cousins ( I think that I say “cousin” right because I’m now confused with da German soooooo, welp... I don’t know what I’m saying ).
O îmbrățișare din Portugalia în România
Greetings to our friends from Andorra, Gibraltar, Portugal and Spain from your neighbour
🇦🇩🇬🇮🇵🇹🇪🇦
You should rejoin them , the waited so much
@@planteruines5619 Ok I'm packing my bags
@@gagnabil like Gibraltar rejoigning spain , like all thing should be , your city is too important to not be possessed , it's like Singapore , being a city state in a strait is a huge advantage for the country and spain most likely will die for you
@@planteruines5619 Like Monaco is doing well independent from France. Like I'm not from Iberia. Like everybody is free to argue but we respect others choices.
@@gagnabil monaco isn't on a strait , and i just wait until monaco is rich enough to invade them , also french army protect monaco
respect from eastern iberians (Georgia)
gurami abramishvili jajajajja true
gurami abramishvili Gamarjoba Sakartvelo
yes what a coincidence haha
Georgians are cripto catalons
qartveli xar? :D
I'd like to say 'thank you' to Drex, who helped a lot with this video: ua-cam.com/channels/S1Q3Igx4ow3RsZLzFVvbTg.html
A version of this video without the topography will be available on his channel soon!
Ollie Bye the link does not appear to be working.
THE LINK DOESN'T WORK !!!!!!!!
Sorry to be a killjoy, but you have an error in this video. There was no restauration of the Portuguese kingdom from 1947 to 1957. The monarchy was abolished from 1910 onward, only republican regimes followed.
That is the WORST video you make I have seen……The geographic map is not good enough and Portuguese is not Portugese！There is no kingdom in Portugal after 1910.Why you turn the British Empire into UK？I think you shouldn't use this word because British Monarchy has not been thought an empire by another European country especially France.
Ollie Bye you forget the carlist war in this video
only one mistake that the English speakers always make: Castile and Aragon had not joined after Fernando and Isabel got married.
Both Kingdoms would unite after the establishment of the Bourbon dinasty in the 18th century.
They were part of the same crown. Under that definition, France was never united before Louis XIV because of other vassals.
There were not one crown with Fernando and Isabel, there were two differents united crowns.
in 1516 Carlos I proclaimed himself King of Spain to the death of Fernando I instead of king of Castille and Aragón, but there were still really two kingdoms with one army but two different laws.
There are those who say that the Treaty of Westphalia at 1648 really meant the birth of Spain and there are those who say that it was with the constitution of 1812.
@@AnImperialGod is not the same. "Spain" in that era was formed by Castile, Aragón and Portugal, and they wer 3 different kingdoms with different laws, different wars, etc... Thats why the flag of aragon was in the kingdom of Naples but the castilian one not, and thats why there were only castilian flags in the discoverment of America
This is true but also not
Spain was a union of kingdoms since 1812 were the first constitucion was firmed
I think that’s why one blob known as Spain is only shown in the 18th century, while before it just showed the United crowns.
Not a single video goes by without the British Empire showing up on the map somewhere...
Dora Robertson Makes me proud :)
Because empire :)
The English and muslims: same thing!
Row tow tow for the British Grenadiers!
Dora Robertson What about "Rise and fall of Poland and Lithuania"?
Spaniards we want our colonies back . :D
Greetings from Greece to Portuguese and Spanish friends !
Αναξ Sinceramente, si yo fuera el líder de mi país, consideraría anexarme a España
Fake iberians. Real iberians converted peacefully to islam and they were massacred by the Spaniards along with Arabs, Berber and other Muslims.
It wasn't an invasion. Iberians and jews in Iberia are the ones who called Muslims for help against Germans and Romans!!!!
Ali Muhammed Khafaji And then they refused to leave, so it is an invasion
Strongest Aids and who said that iberians wanted them to leave? Iberians converted to islam and many priests joined Muslims against the Christian germans!
Ali Muhammed Khafaji So the mostly european and christian population accepted to be ruled by mostly muslim arabs peacefully?
I want to remark several mistakes on the video. The first one is related to the Kingdom of Navarre, between 1198-1200 Navarre lost the Basque territory instead of 1344. In the south Spain there are two kingdoms that were formed in 1233 when Ferdinand III of Castille conquered the most part of the south, Jaén and Córdoba were called kingdoms and these kingdoms don't take part from Toledo. Seville, Cordoba and Jaén and Granada were called the four kingdoms of Andalusia.
Yes but you included olivença as portuguese terretory after the treaty of viena in 1816. So did right on this one as olivença is de jure portuguese.
And it's not represented the Señorio de Valencia of Rodrido Diaz
The first parliament in history was in the Kingdom Of Leon. "The cortes of León from year 1188 was a parliamentary body in the medieval kingdom. According to the UNESCO, It is the oldest documentary manifestation of the European parliamentary system with some temporal continuity".
kINgDOm OF CECINA Y BOTILLO!!!!! JEJEJE
Iceland begs to differ.
@@daisybrain9423 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_IX_of_Le%C3%B3n?wprov=sfla1 Nothing else to say
Leon
@@pedrocheJ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Althing
I think 930 is older than 1188. It says in the article that the Courts of León were the first parliament to represent the full citizenry, but not the first ever.
1:46 top 10 saddest anime deaths
that was fast
Not really ,its just one conquest like thousands of conquest in the human history
@@unepersonneinconnu4015 you ruined the joke
@@armandoplaysandmaps xd
@@unepersonneinconnu4015 Not conquest but an invasion..
The land on the edge of the Mediterranean, a stones throw away from Africa.
I plan to learn Spanish one day and go there. The history is incredible.
Okay but if u go to catalonia u must acknowledge it is NOT spain xxxx
@@teresapc1364 Why would he go to Catalonia? Place is a shithole.
Me too I’m going to learn in English in Gibraltar 🇬🇮
@@justasking9670 but you already know english
@@teresapc1364 porque tu lo digas y nada mas 🤣🤣
Did you actually not include TARTESSOS??? And neither Viriato... Technically, you skipped all the Ancient Age.
Also, you didn't show the civil wars of the XIX century (the Carlist Wars).
TitoReni true
That was what I expected to see in the video
yeeeeesss Tartessos, ;) cool 👌 I'm from Cádiz/Andalusia (Tartessos)
TitoReni and the Liberal Civil War in Portugal, between the traditionalist king D. Miguel and his elder liberal brother, D. Pedro IV
Practically, Tartessos is much older than you think. Civilization goes back to the Neolithic. There are Bronze Age Argarians too!
There’s is a error the kingdom of asturias was never fully occupied there a couple of years when it off the map when it shouldn’t
It did not get occupied because they did not care about the kingdom
There are several errors. The Umayyads did not occupy the Basque Country either.
Hello from Caucasian Iberia. We were Christian warriors of the East. God bless both of his Iberias!
Georgia ? nice
Which Iberia isn't caucasic?
Ohh, it was too many Iberias. I'm confused...
@@milobrave7818 Eastern Iberia (Iberian Kingdom) Western Iberia (Iberian península). What's to be confused about?
Sigourney Di Blasi more caucasic tan italy ;)
4:39 this union betwen spain and portugal happened because of morocco
yes after morocco defeated the portoguese in the battle of the three kings
It was not a "union". The Spaniards took advantage of the fact that the Portuguese army was in Africa and invaded Portugal. Then they were defeated and expelled.
@@JoseSilva_ After 60 years of personal union
@@jvp1286 After 60 years of occupation. Spain even borrowed money from England, and left the debt to Portugal, how good friends they are.
"Death" of king D. Sebastião I, and possession of the Portuguese throne by Felipe II of Spain, who was the closest living relative of the former Portuguese king.
Just a few corrections I'd like to add.
From at least the countship of D. Teresa, and reafirmed by the Treaty of Tuy, Portugal owned the lands of Astorga (assuring them to D. Afonso Henriques).
D. Afonso Henriques took several galician castles, which lead to the Treaty of Tuy, after D. Alfonso VII fought back.
Portugal didn't have the same borders, in the Treaty of Alcanizes, there were some land swaps between both realms.
For 4 years, D. Fernando I of Portugal was the king of Galicia and Leon.
The Kingdom of the Algarve of Beyond the Sea in Africa included other territories other than Ceuta.
Though it is small, you could also include the microstate of Couto Misto
Afonso?
@@Blood4gains yes
Very good corrections.
Bro how do u know this stuff
Lo que usted describe , es totalmente falso . El Reino Astur Leonés , es el padre de Castilla y Portugal . Portugal se independizó del Reino Astur leonés, por una bula papal y la separación se firmó en la ciudad de Zamora . Le aseguro que de haberse unido los reinos cristianos en la Reconquista de Hispania , hoy Portugal , sería una comunidad autónoma Española . También estoy seguro, de qué Castilla fue la gran responsable de la separación de Portugal, pues Castilla, interrumpió la reconquista de Hispania un siglo antes de la independencia de Portugal . El Reino de León , sin la ayuda de los demás reinos Cristianos , no podía rematar la reconquista . La prueba está en la unión de las coronas de León y Castilla , sólo con la unión sé pudo reconquistar toda España .
5:19 -5:39 France goes from Kingdom to Republic to Empire to Kingdom to Republic to Empire to Republic.
Parkour!
One slight problem. The Anglo Dutch actually captured Gibraltar during the Spanish war of succession(1704) not the British. It was later ceded to the British empire 9 years later(1713) not instantly. This is a very slight mistake and doesn't really matter. I would just like to inform those who care.
typical pseudo history of the lowest calibre expected of a republican with chipped and sloped shoulders. gibraltar was used as a royal navy port and occupied by british troops from its capture in 1704 to this very day. this video gets it wrong, anyway, just as you have.
Greetings from Greece , Love Spain so much 💘
Gracias, we love you too, VIVA ESPAÑAAA Y VIVA EL REY
@@javier2642 españa y el rey? tu eres tonto.
blepis tis malakes iparjun stin spania? Oi elines kai oi spanoi eimaste poli paromoioi. Mono malakas. Malakas everywhere.
Thank you
And Portugal, your dumb?
And thus some of the biggest empires and my two personal favorites were born in Iberia....
I like how you decided to include olivença as part of Portugal, very good job indeed
Currently Olivença is Spanish
@@elcartucherasrm7077Illegally.
@@averygoodsenator5866 Currently Olivença is a legally Spanish territory since 1801 with the Treaty of Badajoz
@@elcartucherasrm7077 It isn't legal, Spain recognised that Olivença belongs to Portugal in 1817, and promised to Portugal to return it, so yes it's pretty much illegal
@@averygoodsenator5866 that is false, Spain never recognized Olivença as Portuguese territory because the Portuguese invaded and conquered the eastern part of Rio de Plata (Uruguay), that is the reason why Spain in the Paris Conference didn't recognize it as Portuguese territory. Olivença is legally Spanish.
Glad to see that the physical map is back!
Not glad to see the comments, though.
So don't read them lol
The Dragon Historian nerd
The Dragon Historian hi
....
@@daer3421 mean
Love from France 🇫🇷 ❤️🇵🇹❤️🇪🇸
We dont like yall
Your not french your a portugese immigrant living in France
Classical Era: 0:35
Medieval Era: 1:04
Renaissance Era: 3:54
Industrial Era: 5:09
Modern Era: 5:42
Atomic Era: 5:53
Information Era: 6:03
it's wrong
Isnt modern the one after medieval?
@@cigan9333 He grouped it together like Rise of Nations so ehh not really
@@junkoxeno_7734 makes sense
also very kek nickname
@@cigan9333 Thanks bro
The video is way more interesting and useful than the comments. You ain't gonna find as many useful comments below, trust me. Just a few, that's it.
Yimo Awanardo I know I’m replying to a year old comment but I’m gonna do it anyway. Yeah I agree the comments especially the reply section is a clusterfuck.
Good choice of background music. The maps super job.
Between 1580 and 1640 Portugal and Spain remained two different kingdoms. It was a crown union, not a merge.
urier As long as i remember Spain took Portugal under its kingdom due to Sebastian 1st death in morocco
Its a merge in fact, it started exactly the same way as the merge of Castilla and Aragón
@@Mister9j99 It was a dynastic union: separate kingdoms, separate administration. Spain didn't exist back in the day.
Would have cleaned the map up nicely if they had just stayed together
@@stuckupcurlyguy Nah, they were respectful of that "Union of seperate kingdoms" at the start, but the later Filipes wanted to slowly make Portugal ruled by spaniards, changing the portuguese people in power with spanish ones...that didn't go well for them...their fault
I'm so proud of my Iberian ancestors that defeated the evil and got their land back 🇧🇷❤️🇵🇹🇪🇸
Islam is taking over Europe again , cope pagan .
Defeated evil 😂😂, just read the history and see how was the Arabs days , and compare it to what your people did , killed fucked .....
we saved you from the vikings
@@xescv we didn't ask for that 😊 plus we saved you from Mongolians ..,
@@hmmm3210 Let me guess. You are a high school dropout, and contribute nothing to your society, yet somehow think that your country owe you something, correct?
What happened at 2:03? An expedition army from Asturias to take Lisbon?
Yes. In 798 Lisbon Alfonso II of Asturias entered in Lisbon in a flash military operation. It's real.
Stuff like this happened all the time.
Occasionally Catholic Kingdoms managed to siege down settlements all the way down in Andalusia or Algarve and Muslims managed to raid as far north as Galicia or Navarra.
Warfare back in the day was far more Mobile and cant be accurately defined by coloured borders.
Awesome video and soundtrack. Props up from Portugal
You should do a video about "History of Eurasian Steppes". I really think it would be interesting because of its influence it had on Europe, the Middle Eat and Eastern Asia.
I think in the same style video, it would be horrible to make given how much movement there was every few years
Celtic speakers were probably already in Iberia prior to 700 BC. In fact, that's probably where the first Celtic languages originated
In Galicia yes, they were Celtic, i'm in this region today, but i don't know if its the first celtic region
In Asturias there are some names of Celtic gods, LUGones, LUGo de Llanera, LUGaces are some villages , TARANES, a mountain, TARANES a small town , TARNA a small town and a mountain port, BELEÑO, BELEÑA derives from BELENOS, DEVA, an island, an hills, and two rivers.and Dna test show the Spanish people genetic halo groups R1b in 60-70 - 80 %
@@Loki881247
Check out the Atlantic Seaboard theory that places the origins of the celts in western Europe, namely Galicia, West France and the British Islands, as opposed to the traditional Central European theory.
@@Loki881247 no, no lo fue. La primera región celta del mundo estaba entre Austria y Baviera (más menos), y los celtas llegaron mucho más tarde, se asentaron por todo el norte penínsular.
Great video but just a small correction: The municipality of Olivenza was ceded to Spain in 1801 in the treaty of Alcañices and you left it under Portugal up to today
I love the underlying map that you used! I adds a lot to see mountains, hills, flat terrain and rivers.
You forget the native civilization of Tartessos, between the gulf of Cadiz and Sevilla, which was famous between greeks and phoenicians, and maybe the start of the "Atlantis Legend".
This was amazing to watch, even though there is a mistake regarding the Olivenza region. It should be Spanish from 1801 onwards, as it was given to Spain for their victory alongside France in the War of the Oranges against Portugal. For everything else, you earned yourself a subscriber!
Well that is debatable. Since it is ours by the peace treaty after napoleons defeat.
On paper, it is correct.
@@pedromedeiros1186 Yet it isn't historically accurate to say Olivenza has been Portuguese since then. Even though we assumed it should belong to Portugal (which is, as you said, debatable) it is inaccurate to say Olivenza has not been a part of Spain since 1801, simply because it has never operated as a part of Portugal!
@@thepoxh5845 True, it was and is being administered by Spain.
But if the maker of this video is using the treaty as the defining borders i wouldn’t disagree.
So putting one or the other doesn’t really make a difference.
Olivença*
@@pontipsulibup Spanish and English=Olivenza
Thanks for the vacation spots you Iberians have given to us Northern Europeans
Andorra, being like "try and invade us, we strunk
"We have God (sent from the county of Urgell) and France to back us"
Andorra is co-owned by Spain and France
theprodigy they have two presidents at the same time, one Spanish one French
Ignacio Arrieta But meanwhile one of the authorities is the president of France, the spanish authority is the bishop of Urgell (Lleida, Catalonia) A little funny
Which means it'd be co-ruled by a Frenchie and a Catalonian if Catalonia ever got its independence. Or, perhaps more likely, they'd change bishops.
When I say "ruled", I don't mean "governed". They rule Andorra about as much as the English queen rules Canada, I'll wager. Which is not to say she never meddles.
Great work, Ollie!
(p.s, Personally I do not think your intro is too long)
That’s because uve been watching too many Tarkovsky movies
@@teresapc1364 why u replying to a 5 year old comment my guy
After 1910 Portugal was always a Republic. In the video Portugal appears for a brief period as a kingdom around 1950 (there was military dictatorship until 1974 but not only Portugal was still not a kingdom at the time, but also this regime lasted much longer than the "kingdom" in your video). I believe there is no basis for that, and I am sure it was a mistake.
Apart from that, I enjoyed this video very much.
Thanks!
It was surely an accidental mistake.
المغرب قضى على مملكتكم
As a Mexican American, its very interesting that I as well as all Hispanics (and Portugal and Brazil) are a huge genetic mix of different cultures in one. Especially the Latinos, with Native American blood.
@Aline Cardoso Que triste 😢
You're just too good at mapping. xD
Thanks :)
Love Spain from Serbia! :D
Један Чика we love Serbia also
KOSOVO IS SERBIA
@@simfonik6725 que te calles anormal
@@simfonik6725 Kosovo es tierra Serbia invadida por albanos gracias a la inmigración.
@@simfonik6725 kosovo era serbia,lee y lo entenderas
Greetings from your German friend to my Spanish and Portuguese Brothers.
Love you and the Reconquista.
And we love Germany so much 😊😊❤️❤️
I love Germany too from Spain🇪🇸❤️🇩🇪
There's a small mistake, you show Olivenza as part of Portugal up to nowadays. Although Spain recognized that territory as portuguese in the XIX century it never effectively returned it to Portugal.
That's no mistake.
Portugal/Brasil tampoco devolvió Misiones Orientales a Uruguay/Argentina
4:52 Catalonia: I want to become independent.
4:53 Rest of Spain: Nope.
uum, no Rebels, and they offered it to France, and one or two years later, France was a bad option, and they prefer return to Spain again, France was worst. Brilliant politics....
Error en el mapa.o
Comienza pertenece a España desde hace siglos
R
Quería decir Olivenza en la provincia de Badajoz (Extremadura) en el suroeste de España. Gracias
@@bilbohob7179
This is Louis XIV ha ha
Y sera libre.
Pls note that, while you might wanna see the Iberian Wedding as a unification of Kingdoms, it was more of a dynastic unification. Most of the administration in Castilla and Aragon remained independent from each other. In fact, the only entity they had in common was the Inquisition (which btw wasn't as bad as most people think)
Yea totally not as bad they only tortured humans with objects that even satan would scream like a little girl from and just destroyed mosques burnt books because they were illiterate and did their best trying to erase the greatest civilisation Iberia has ever seen. Not that bad
@@aym.s5827 You have no idea what you're talking about.
@@aym.s5827 the ignorance 😮💨
well, it wasnt that bad for the christians 💀 for the muslims and jews it was.
That's was in Northern Europe bro, the Spanish Inqusition was one of the least deadly and that's a fact, it's only reminded as you say because of the Black Legend (propaganda against Spain from UK, the Netherlands, etc)
You know what? I first only wanted to see yet another of Your fine map animations (is my impression wrong or are the ancient years in a less resolution - never mind).
But what really made my day was this MUSIC!!! It triggered me to spend some hours to find more about it, there are many versions on UA-cam. So You gave us a double joy: the maps and the music. THANK YOU!
Well, thanks for the kind feedback :)
Thank you so much for giving us full history of iberian peninsula!
Morocco, my God 500 years in Liberia A lot of Spaniards believe that these buildings were built by the Spaniards and do not know that the Moroccan Muslims built it
Its pretty obvious to tell appart which buildings were built by Hispanians or Berbers.
VERY TRUE.
Fuck morocco
@@1975-n8h Fuck u too
🐕 🐕
@بلقين ابن زيري hahhahahahah Algeria ?
Algeria wasn't even exist in this period 😂
Have you done one for the Spanish Empire, like you did one for the British Empire, that incorporates the conquests and overseas colonies? At one point, the Sun never set on the Spanish Empire: Spain, the Netherlands, Naples, Canary Islands, the Western Hemisphere from California down to Tierra del Fuego, the Phillipines, and Spanish India. I would call it an Empire. Ditto Portugal, with their holdings in Asia, India, Africa, and Brazil. How about it??
Well the British conquered stuff, the Spainish just had sex with the right person. Also the new world colonization is hard to map because it was done by Spanish individuals and only later was taken over by the Spanish crown.
Me sorprende lo poco que saben de la historia de España algunos en los comentarios y lo mucho que hablan. Y por supuesto, el mito mágico que aún persiste: Al Andalus era un paraíso multicultural, lo increíble es que algunos se lo creen y todo.
Me surpreendi também com esses gringos pós modernos que não sabem nada sobre a história de vocês sou brasileiro e venho pesquisando sobre a história de meus ancestrais
@@a.a.9389 claro, porque a judios y cristianos les obligaban a pagar tasas
Dado el clima político actual no me parece raro, todos los de la esfera Anglo( y Europa occidental lamentablemente) están bien adoctrinados desde pequeños, se les inculca una ideología alérgica a la verdad
What about the Moors??? Have they been forgotten??? Remember them. ❤
@@shaneekaminniefield6129 They’re not forgotten, we’re just tired in Iberia of the modern narrative which says that the moors were multicultural open minded science geniuses and the Christians were oppressive bloodthirsty warriors
Lusitani extremeno ❤️🇪🇦🇵🇹 tribe of warriors im proud of my amcienty
Os extremenhos são vetões.
Povo aliado aos Lusitanos. ;)
Should've added the Canary Islands, Madeira and Azores in a small corner.
It is not the iberian peninsula.
It is not the iberian peninsula.
Aleix Zaporta Then remove the Balearic islands, the north of Morocco and the south of France, you either make it strictly geographic or you add all that's relevant to this group
Nothing forces you to look at the south of France, Morocco and the Balearic Islands.
Logs That's where you are wrong, my thirst for knowledge forces me, and my love for consistency misses the rest of the islands in the video greatly.
Good. Only a correction: Kigdom of Algarve (1249-1800s) corresponded to modern Algarve limits. Not occupying the majority of Southern Alentejo (Lower Alentejo province formally also Kingdom of Portugal), as it is shown in the map, and some territories along the expanded border of both Beiras (Center, from Durius to the Tagos) were only integrated in Portugal in 1297 (agreements with Castile and Leon). "Kingdom of Portugal" (until 1800s) also not confused with Portugal (Portugal and Algaves etc.) as a Crown and Nationwood (including Nationality since Lower Middle Ages - there was no Algarvians, Islanders, Brazilians etc as a nation, but Portuguese Naturals - People, States and provinces (all of them) in the Law - Ordenações). Also the Setubal Peninsula in Portugal (the only South of Tagus at that time and the isolated enclave of Évora) were held against the temporary Almohad reconquest of the south. Also other pormenors in the Spanish today territory, but it was much things and changes. Taking this and so much complexity into acount, as a whole very very good indeed, correct and informative.
Hey Ollie, Great video but it'd be awesome if you could slow down the year by year rate. It's a bit to fast. Maybe that's just me but I really liked to be able to grasp all the border shifts in a single year instead of a general idea. Once again, great video thanks!
Really it is fast,1884 Republic of Spain missed from my Eyes
Respect Iberian people From Georgia SAKARTVELO 🇬🇪
Hi there! Love your unique culture ! From Portugal 🇵🇹
No we dont wear veil anymore
@@teresapc1364?
your intro is way too long.
ikr
I kind of liked the music on the old intro too
Mayo 30 seconds*.
DaDonut paradise You're not required to watch it, make your own video about this topic if you think you could do better kid.
His intro is fine at least its not cancer
5:24 France: just to mess a little bit the borders. Bye!
I have to say, with its own errors, I find this video the most accurate I've ever seen in YT when it comes to tell the history of Leon, which is often wrongly depicted in almost every video. Can't really get why Leon is divided into Leon and Extremadura since those two were in the same kingdom for a long time.
Undoubtedly one of your best videos.
*Blas de Lezo, para vosotros ingleses*
Ahí, sí que corresponde el himno portugués de marchar contra os canhões BRETÕES.
Si señor Blas de Lezo y tantos otros 💪🇪🇸
VIVA ESPAÑA!
Blas de lezo no es mas que una espinilla mal petada en el culo de inglaterra. Pobre militar demediado....
Blas de Lezo evitó la guyanización del norte de Suramérica.
1:45 Visigoths have left the game
Para nada. El reino de Asturias se proclamo como heredero del reino visigodo en varias ocasiones. Sobre todo a partir de Alfonso II y Alfonso III. Pelayo, quien inicio la reconquista era visigodo así como el duque Pedro de Cantabria que unieron sus linajes con Alfonso I y Ermesinga. España (y portugal) es el Reino Visigodo restaurado.
西葡的历史真是一言难尽，我们崛起于半岛，我们勇闯大洋，我们一条纬线划分时间，我们的帆舰鳞次栉比，我们的金银堆积如山，我们第一个见证永不落下的太阳，我们执掌全球一切航线。然而在多年之后，我们退守在那个欧洲一隅的半岛上，有如回到五百年多前那帝国大梦开始前的样子，远航结束了，我们回来了，然而世界却变了。。。
Si asi es👍
Imagine a united Iberia again.
So much shared history among the people of this extraordinary peninsula.
July 26, 1139 when Dom Afonso Henriques of Borgonha, then count of Portucale, was acclaimed King of Portugal
I was in Murcia a month ago, a beautiful place. :)
What is Murcia? I'm spanish and I don't think that Murcia exists, at least it doesn't exist in Spain
@@maxpuente6291 reclaim ur colonies 😡😡😡
Yeah sometimes its good to take a break from civilization
Shame that Portugal and Spain didn't stay connected, it makes the whole region much more aesthetically pleasing!
I think the Portuguese would rather die than be annexed by Spain, they are proud of their language and culture.
@@Tom-2142 who can be proud to be a shithole who everyone confuse with spain?
@@Tom-2142 Well Portugal emerged as a kingdom of Hispania/Spain
@@samvel_mmiii No this semantic bullshit again. Hispania is a roman nomenclature. Could as well be called Iberia and the spanish picked a different name (Castilla, for example) for their country.
@@jeanjacqueslundi3502
Why only Castilla? Spain is a kingdom to this day, and has many ethnicities and languages: Catalans, Basques, Galicians, etc. On the flag of Spain are the coats of arms of all the kingdoms that make up this country.
The modern place names Spain and Hispaniola are both derived from Hispania. It's the same thing.
Very nice job amazing to see the changes in this way. Thanks👍
Just one mistake: The kingdom of Jaén since 1246, where is it? fix it out. Cordoba and Jaén were kingdoms, not inside of Toledo's territory. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ja%C3%A9n
You show how Olivenza becomes Spanish in the early 19th century, but then goes back to Portugal. It never went back. Olivenza is Spanish since then.
This is not a nationalist statement, nor anything to annoy Portuguese people, is just reality. The same reality that makes Gibraltar British.
yes, but wrongfully part of Spain, you have to admit that
Olivenza is not a official Dispute, but some Portugueses say that Olivenza is Portuguese
جدك الغيثُ إذا الغيثُ همى
يا زمان الوصلِ بالاندلُسِ
لم يكون وصلُك إلّا حُلما
في الكرى او خِلسةَ المُختلسِ
😢😢 حب الاندلس في قلب كل عربي محترق 😢
🦍
@@fayero5 هذه قصيدة قالها احد الشعراء المسلمين في الاندلس كانوا اخر ممالك الاندلس و هي غرناطة
كان هناك رجل بأنف ملتصقة ذات مرة على أنف فائق ، ذات مرة كان لا يزال نصف حي ، ذات مرة كان هناك سمكة أبو سيف ملتح بشدة ؛ كانت مزولة بشكل سيء. كان هناك فيل مقلوبًا ، ذات مرة على أنف سايون واكتب ، أوفيديو ناسون مع أنف فاسد. ذات مرة على القادس حفز ، ذات مرة على هرم في مصر ، اثنا عشر سبط من الأنوف. مرة واحدة على ما لا نهاية فضولي جدا ، الفريزيان أركنوز ، قيراطوليرا ، تشيلبلين مقلي بنفسجي.
👳🏿♀️🐁🤮🇸🇦🧕🏿👳🏿♂️
Deus Vult ✝️
Iberian kingdoms: Exists
World: Am I a Joke to you????
Portugal land of templars ⚔️⚔️⚔️
The frist global empire in history 🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹
Portugal is not the first global empire in history. The two Iberian countries are the first global empires.
Spain came to Africa before: the Canary Islands 1404. 2 continents. But Aragon already had colonies in North Africa before. In addition, Spain was spreading across Europe: Italy, Greece, the Mediterranean.
Portugal has a base in Africa in 1415 (Ceuta), and Madeira in 1418.
Then Portugal expands into the Gulf of Guinea and explores the entire west coast of Africa in the 15th century. 2 continents, like Spain.
But Spain reaches the third continent earlier: America, 1492
Spain was on 2 and 3 continents before Portugal.
Portugal reached Asia in 1498 and Brazil (America) in 1500. 4 continents.
But the world has 5 or 6 continents.
Spain reached the Pacific Ocean and Asia in 1520. Magellan and El cano, which made the first round the world. 5 continents, bringing products to Europe. Portugal 4. Philipines, Guam, Carolinas, Marquesas 1564 (Asia and Oceania)
Spain annexed the Portuguese empire in 1580. It is the first time that a single monarchy (the Spanish of Felipe II) is hegemonic in the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Mediterranean oceans, with lands and routes on the 5 continents. That may be the first global empire. Portugal never had routes in the Pacific Ocean and in the archipelagos.
Gabriel de Castilla sees Antarctica 1603
But more than Portugal or Spain, I think it is a parallel imperial development of the two Iberian countries.
@@Gloriaimperial1 Portugal dicovered canary island !! Ahahahahaga
@@Gloriaimperial1 Portugal arrive América in 1473 ( Canadá ) João Vaz corte real ahahahah Portugal discovered Austrália in 1522 Cristóvão De Mendonça ahahahagahah
@@Gloriaimperial1 Spain in 1580 I still couldn’t even navigate the cabo bojador ahahahaha
@@Gloriaimperial1 Portugal the first global empire in history 🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹
Greetings to our close friends in Spain 🇪🇸 from your former colony Philippines 🇵🇭🤗
Who Discovered Philippines was portuguese of course
La historia de Marruecos🇲🇦🇲🇦❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️, el imperio almorávide y el monoteísmo islámico. Por eso estoy orgulloso de ser marroquí. Esta es mi identidad. A pesar de las diferencias históricas con España y Portugal, siento un gran amor hacia los dos países de Marruecos. Te amo España y Portugal. Viva la gran historia de Marruecos. Saludos a los españoles y portugueses, un marroquí que los ama
💪💪🇲🇦🦁🇲🇦💪💪💚❤
Esquece
Do islamismo a única coisa que posso esperar é terrorismo
@@Lokoflash If Islam is terrorism there would be no Non believers left😉
قاعد بتذل حالك عندهم وبتمسحلهم جوخ ليش ؟؟؟؟؟؟ انا مش من المغرب بس ياعمي صدقني عمرهم مارح يحبونا تعال اقرأ التعليقات كلها بتصف الحكم الاسلامي بالغزو والارهاب مع أنه الاندلس كحضارة دامت 8 قرون كانت وقتها منارة بأوروبا واوروبا كلها قاع مضلم لكن مبعترفوش وقليل منهم يلي بعترفو بهالاشي
@@Lokoflash الارهاب لماذا ؟؟؟؟؟!!!!! هيا يا رجل كن منصفا الاندلس كحضارة إسلامية دامت ثمانية قرون كانت كالمنارة في أوروبا التي كانت مضلمة في ذلك الوقت وغارقة بالجهل .... لما هذه العنصرية هل فعل المسلمون شيئاً سيئا أثناء حكمهم لهذه البلاد ؟؟؟ يكفي ان الإسبان قامو بتهجير الأندلسيين من بلدهم بعد سقوط الأندلس ....... أيضا ماذا عن الإرهاب الذي قام به الاسبان من مجازر بالسكان الاصليين لقارة امريكا الشمالية والجنوبية ؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟
In fact, Ceuta and Melilia are still occupied by Spain to this day (which was not very clear on the map at the end). Very great video. Greetings from Morocco :)
Like you guys occupied entire spain and portugal ?? Then that's fair.
@@alangervasis well you invited them
ceuta y melillla no estan ocupadas, no puedo decir lo mismo del shara...
@@alangervasis bruh you colonised half of the world so how is it fair to you
Hey, where did you get that information about "Country of Barcelona" in 900 d.c and what does "Oso." stands for? Thank you, I appreciate your work.
Kinda late, but I suppose that "Oso." stands for the County of Osona (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_of_Osona)
One good thing you did with your map. Recognizing that Olivença is portuguese! Like for this one.
4:12 Sooooo, Paradox, we need to talk...
(Jk, they actually did a rather good job representing Iberia in EU4)
I'd disagree there.
The political map is fine (very minor issues like olivenza), but the geographical maps like terrain and climate are very bad, a coastal area like Coruña has mild winters and another coastal one like Girona have severe winters, meanwhile the Highlands of Burgos, León and Teruel which can get as cold as Berlin, have no winters.
I love how on the 90% of these type of video there is Roman Empire for many years
Love both Portugal and Spain from America
Spain helped us with our independence and also the USA is the 2nd largest Spanish speaking country
bruh you aren't america, you are the united states. For us Iberians America is the entirety of North and South America
Iberia is such a holy and beatiful place to have any kind of borders.
Bruh haven't you heard about reconquista ☠️💀
@@Walid-gm2nsthe Reconquista was good and completely justified, what do you mean?
what's that about a kingdom of Portugal in 1948? I'm guessing it's just a mistake as at the time Portugal had a dictatorship.
Yeah, that's an animation error.
The basque provines would mantain their autonomy charters until 1839, in the video, only Navarre appears. I also found weird the fact that the current basque Autonomy region is labeled as "Alava" (aka "Araba"). Each of the three provinces had its own charter which granted autonomic powers and border management (which included border taxes between the provinces). In any case, for simplification, the Biscay/Bizkaia province was the most prominent, not Alava/Araba. Currently, all of the four provinces have special autonomic status, Bisccay/Bizkaia. Araba and Gipuzkoa are grouped in a bigger institution called "Basque Country/Euskadi".