The Frankfurt School: From a Failed Revolution to Critical Theory | Tom Nicholas
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- Опубліковано 6 лют 2020
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The Frankfurt School get mentioned a lot on this website. Alongside being celebrated for their contributions to philosophy, sociology and political science, however, Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, Herbert Marcuse and the various other scholars who worked at what was (and is) officially known as the Institute for Social Research, are the target of a lot of vitriol.
Commentators on the political right including Jordan Peterson and Ben Shapiro will often invoke the Frankfurt School as a group of intellectual bogey men and the progenitors of political correctness, cultural marxism, postmodernism or whatever else they seek to porn scorn on that day.
In today's episode of What the Theory?, I seek to provide some insight into what the Frankfurt School actually was (and is). Beginning with the perceived failure of the German Revolution, I track the history of the Frankfurt School through formation, exile in the United States during the Second World War and up to the student revolts of May 1968.
Alongside this institutional history, I also provide some insight into the work of the Frankfurt School, introducing ideas such as critical theory and the culture industry as well as touching on seminal texts such as Dialectic of Enlightenment, The Authoritarian Personality, One-Dimensional Man and more.
If you'd like to support me to make more videos like this then I'd be very grateful if you'd check out my Patreon page at / tomnicholas
Further Reading
Grand Hotel Abyss by Stuart Jeffries
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UK: amzn.to/2SmepYC
Critical Theory: A Very Short Introduction by Stephen Eric Bronner
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Dialectic of Enlightenment by Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer
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[The above are affiliate links. I receive a small kickback from anything you buy which, in turn, helps to support the channel.]
If you've enjoyed this video and would like to see more including my What The Theory? series in which I provide some snappy introductions to key theories in the humanities as well as video essays and more then do consider subscribing.
Thanks for watching!
Twitter: @Tom_Nicholas
Website: www.tomnicholas.com
![[柴犬ASMR]曼玉Manyu&小白Bai 毛发护理Spa asmr](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/0TsXQ7z2Dh4/mqdefault.jpg)
Thanks for watching all! If you’d like to help me make more videos like this then I’d be super grateful if you’d check out my Patreon at patreon.com/tomnicholas
Thanks for this Tom.
Do Marcuse!
Loved this succinct overview of the Frankfurt school. Your videos are well researched and I would urge you to do a piece on Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari. Love from India
Where can I find a list of sources?
What's the theme music it's Savage
Thank God for this channel. Anti-intellectualism is festering on UA-cam enough as it is, there's need for more scholarly-like channels like this one
Thanks! Trying to shine a bit of light in the darkness!
That is an understatement.
More kudos to Tom for fostering genuine thought and research.
LOL
@Some Guy What is your problem? He's just giving the history of an organization. Anyhow he may be a socialist, but I cannot see how he cannot also be an intellectual. Instead of speaking primarily on politics in this particular video, he speaks on the history, which sounds like a thing an intellectual may do.
Some Guy It could be argued that he could be one given his presentation of a lot of information in a very nuanced form. Yes, he may lean one way yet he still provides context and nuanced approaches to the matters he discusses, and offers head to help provide broader understanding of complex subjects. I’d lean towards him being an intellectual over the guy simply dismissing him and calling him a leftard and a twat.
Why am sitting here watching Gordon Ramsey explaining the Frankfurter Schule to me?
IT'S F**KING RAW
I thought it was a troll doll from the 90s
Gordon Ramsays Frankfurt School of Cookery .... Sorry, what's that? Oh, School of Fuckery ... Gotcha... Sorry ... Muppet.
I thought it was a young Mickey Rooney. . .
Because you can't budge after those 8 bong hits. I know what's going on over there.
Economics is a social science. The fact that certain academics pretend it isn’t has been corrosive to the discipline and society as a whole. The idea of a purely “scientific” socialism has been problematic for similar reasons. Ultimately, we’re studying the fulfilment of human needs and desires, not just productive efficiencies for their own sake
@M C this
If you consider dialectical materialism to be, descriptively, an extension of the scientific method then that's what would define it as scientific. Just like if you believe socialism is fundamentally about worker democracy then it would thus too be just an extension of democracy. Most leftists though, both within the ML and anarchist movements, don't believe anybody is ever capable of ever doing anything 'purely' scientific, because science itself is not a basic category. Science is a subcategory of epistemology, just like history.
Economics is an attempt to understand people and how they behave. It can never be a science
@M C But not doing it is even worse. It needs to take every view into concern since it has impact on all of them
@M C Pretending economics is a natural science is much worse because it implies that the economy isn't man-made and hence trying to change an economic system is fighting against nature (or even god).
your videos are so well done. You don't waste any of your viewers' time by adding off-topic commentary and they move along briskly. I especially appreciated this one, as I had heard about the Frankfurt School and knew the names of the major scholars there, but couldn't have told you anything beyond those details.
Lies again? Get educated learn english
I need to have like an entire day with you where you explain all of this and I can ask questions every 5 seconds and then maybeeeee I'd understand and remember even a little bit.
Good video though! Loved it
An exhaustively detailed review of the chronology of the people who founded and shaped the Frankfurt School, their names, predilections, place of residence and the ways in which their philosophy echoed through a myriad events over the past century, lightly braised with occasional specifics regarding their actual theories.
Frankfurt School requires a series of lectures for fait clarification of the issues dealt by its members.
German tip: "Main" in "Frankfurt am Main" is pronounced like the English word "mine".
@What are you going to do? I beg to differ: de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main
@What are you going to do? Ich weiss. Der obige Kommentar war nur als Korrektur der Aussprache gemeint.
@What are you going to do? A river. It's called "Frankfurt am Main" to distinguish it from another city, "Frankfurt an der Oder", which lies on the Oder river.
Interesting. Did you know that the correct pronunciation of 'mine' in English is like the pronunciation of mein in the Mandarin word 'chowmein?"
No biggie. I didn't know that, either.
@What are you going to do? Hi. I've dated three Chinese women in my life so far. All of them were characters, and one was very Latin, she even taught salsa dancing Taipei. So, I hope that satisfies your curiosity.
“Rosa Luxembourg and Karl Leibnecht were outmanoeuvred by the social democrats” that’s one way to put being gunned down by a militia.
that happened afterwards
First video of yours I have watched. Immediately liked and subscribed because it was exactly what I was looking for. Thanks for putting this together and sharing this knowledge.
Tom: the frankfurt school isn't what u think it is
Also Tom: *describes exactly what i think it is
@Franco Spain damn right (adjusts monocle)
Lol. I thought the same exact thing. I thought he was going to debunk what people like Shapiro claim, but…no.
@@Jaasau Shapiro & cohorts don't need debunking; when they debunk themselves every other sentence
@@shannonm.townsend1232 name one example where Shapiro has debunked himself?
@@TheRHeretic bro, if you take him seriously, I can't help you.
I’ve been very curious about the Frankfurt school for a while now, but slightly overwhelmed by the amount of thinkers and theories that are out there, which my perfectionist self found difficult to grasp. Your video serves as a great introduction, so thank you for that. (Though I keep procrastinating studying for my final exams by watching your video essays...)
@@newadam573
Why does that matter?
@@newadam573
Ever heard of a man named Lyndon LaRouche?
@@newadam573
Yeah I thought you might.
communemag.com/the-american-roots-of-a-right-wing-conspiracy/
@@newadam573
No it's where you should start. Given the poison you been sucking down. Btw just so you know Anecdotal evidence is not Empirical evidence and all you have is Anecdotal evidence that you refuse to look beyond. You should be open to other perspectives that are outside your bubble. You should seek to further your understanding instead of remaining stagnant. You think the Jews are the problem but all you are doing is looking for a scapegoat and why do you feel the need for a scapegoat then? What truly is your problem?
@@newadam573
Another bonus for ya
ua-cam.com/video/a_yfnQPaD_E/v-deo.html
Thank you Tom. But I think it would be better to do a split videos or even a small series about Frankfurt school. Firstly because there are a lot of theories and authors. Secondly there are 3 waves of Frankfurt school that could be split into few videos.
Of course you maybe do not have time for that because of your PhD stuff, but think about it in future.
Great videos! Stay on track! Keep it up!
Fan (not the electric fan witch makes wind flow to your face) from LTU.
My plan, if there seems to be enough interest, is to do some more in-depth videos on separate FS scholars. I always find a bit of context helpful though so wanted to do a bit of an overview first!
And thanks for your kind words about my videos!
@@Tom_Nicholas would love that Tom!
The categorization of the Frankfurt School in waves, or "Generations" is actually advocated for by Habermas. It is important to know however, that Habermas never called himself a critical theorist but never shies away when he is referred to as such by others. By now it is highly controversial and extremely often discussed if and if so to what extent Habermas actually is an intellectual descendent of his teacher Adorno and Horkheimer.
@@Tom_Nicholas please do this! I'd be very interested
You know what scares me... I study at the frankfurt university and took a course on the frankfurt school, but it was by no means as informative and well structured as your video. Thank you for your contributions to public knowledge 🙏🏾
Not a bad little intro there! Nice historical overview that doesn’t get mired in the complexity, yet invites us to want to know a bit more. Great for beginners! Kudos.
Thanks! That was what I was aiming for so I'm glad it seemed to do the job!
Tom Nicholas Great stuff! I’m going to subscribe!
As the grandson of one of the "last German philosophers of the Frankfurt school", this is going to be interesting
Which one?
your mom
@@AlloAnder Not sure why my first response disappeared:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl-Otto_Apel
transcendental pragmatism nice
well, what’s the verdict?
Wow. That was very enlightening. A lot of that was all fragmented in my mind and now I feel like the pieces have their places in a nice frame. I'm very grateful for that. New follower.
Ah 1968 such an exciting year, I was only 13 at the time, but the spirit of those days was still alive in 74 when I went to Uni and within my first term we were occupying our first building.
One of the rare episodes on any digital social media channel that's devoid of blind faith/passion. Keep it up !
Every time i see that you "only" have 50k subscribers I'm kind of shocked that such high quality content does not get more attention. I mean your videos are on the same level as those of creators like Philosophy Tube, if you ask me!
Thank you, really appreciate you saying so. I don't think I could ever be quite as entertaining as PT and the like but I'm glad you enjoyed it!
107k now - October 2020
150K now - Feb 2021
202k now May 2021
A year later and he had 200k
I like how you started out being sarcastic with the conservative critics of the Frankfurt school, and you went on to precisely base those criticisms as solid arguments!
Way to go. Learn from the masters, I always say.
Except he still called them conspiracy theories at the end. Which indicates he doesn't really understand the criticisms, or he forgot that the whole aim all along for critical theory was to find a way to make society stop thinking in ways this bunch of academics didn't like.
@@CP-pt1ot I'm lost. This bunch of academs means the people on the chanel or the people that advocate CT?
I am not clear who didn't like what.
By all accounts I heard, What's a reall nice guy and all.
@@happyhaze1526 I believe he's referring to the people discussed in the video. The very idea of repressive tolerance is to only tolerate certain ideas, in this case the "left wing" ideas put forth by the members of the Frankfurt school. Does that help?
@@williamerickson520 No. Intelligent people don't tolerate ideas because of this or that 'wing'. That is just stupidity. Ideas either make more sense, less sense or no sense at all. It doesn't take a lot of intelligence to figure out that's how you evaluate ideas. I know kids that get it.
Please do more videos on this topic. This summary by its scope leaves almost all mentioned aspects uncertain for someone like me, who has no prior knowledge on the subject.
But I wouldn't call that a weak point for this video - it raising questions instead of answering them makes for good introduction - the story and the evolution displayed here are much more interesting than a more informative summary - which given the range would probably feel like a mental list of bulletpoints in overly long powerpoint presentation.
As a german and avid Adorno reader its always strange to hear some non-germans talk about him like he is this strange underground genius.
I was looking for a brief introductory video on Frankfurt School and fortunately landed on your channel. You are amazing! Besides, hope that you'd continue making videos on fundamentals and particularly i would like you to make a whole playlist on critical theories and its nuances!
There are no nuances. It's simply a method for using cheap polemics to destroy your target. You can use it to destroy any values held by anyone including those of the founders of the Frankfurt school. It's basically just "criticize until it breaks". It's nothing but sophistry with lipstick.
Hi Tom, thanks for the interesting video! Would you consider making a video on Lacan? I'm reading Zizek right now but having some trouble understanding it, because I'm not so familiar with Lacan's work
Heya, no worries, I hope it was interesting! Lacan's been on my list for ages but I've yet to get round to it. Will aim to cover at some point in the future though!
@An Deo fuck off dude
@An Deo pull you head out the tin foil hat crowd and address the reality.
Anti-Semites and capitalists are the ones who hold all the power and are destroying your life; the reason you lost your job was because your paid with monopoly money, not money that is printed to represent something real like labour hours. The FIAT system, and the stock market control your every move and life, they control the government, they set themselves up to get nice cushy socialist benefits on the backs of your capitalist labour and everytime they see someone trying to find out why they make up a new tin foil hat theory and blame it on that
Fooling you into thinking your the enlightened one; while you follow them off a cliff like a good little sheep.
So Adorno basically got analog-cancelled...
I think we can all agree that Jazz is surely to blame.
best comment
Yup. It was us.
@An Deo 🐕 whistle
"Jazz is the dEvIl!!!!"
Adorno
The guy is such a weird person with much obsession on a form of music delivered by angels.
@An Deo
Really, an anti-Semitic dog whistle?
Fuck off.
You have taught me a great deal in a most delightful way. Thank you!
Please make more videos. Both dynamic and rich in content. Greetings and love from India
If you continue with content about the Frankfurt School, I would love to here you go into a bit more detail into the main points of the critical theory in contrast to traditional theory and their understanding of ideology. Thanks for the great work :)
Yes, seconded.
It is a written out strategy on how to take over power using peoples differences to turn them against eachother. They hate middle class. They want everyone poor and helpless while they control all power and money.
@@rcherLansky Fuck off Fash
@@nektariosorfanoudakis2270 Go read their documents. They literally write out their strategies. They even make up words to call people when they are losing an argument. Like homophobe, fash, xenophobic. Kind of like what you just did.
@@nektariosorfanoudakis2270 you must be an intellectual. Fascism and Marxism are two side of the same state worshipping coin.lol
This is most informative and really well put together.
I found your channel today and have been watching video after video :) I think your work is fantastic
I got really interested in reading these Frankfurter authors after watching your amazing video. Greetings from Bogotá, Colombia
Adorno seems to have been right, in the US. Protests here in the 60's did not dismantle capitalism. In fact, by the eighties, things were much worse: "The Reagan Revolution."
What a coincidence. My instructor in one of my pre-phd course works asked me to read about Frankfurt school as part of my assignment. I would appreciate a longer video essay on this topic
Perfect timing then! Hope it’s helpful in some small way. And yes, if the interest seems to be there, I’ll have a think about following this up with some more in-depth videos on individual scholars.
@@Tom_Nicholas That would be much appreciated. In fact if you can connect how Frankfurt School is different or similar to Neo-Marxist of the later times.
@@arunavaacharya9463 Thanks for raising this topic. A comparative analysis with the neo-Marxists,or even an independent one, would really be conducive in understanding the evolution of political philosophy(especially the leftist discourse). On another note, I would like to ask you about the philosophers you identify as neo-Marxists ( for instance do you consider Fredric Jameson as one or more contemporary ones like Terry Eagleton?)
@@atrimajumder1072 Walter Benjamin also comes in the category of Neo-Marxist.
Thank you, Tom for very thorough, yet easy to listen video
Thanks Gohar, glad you thought so!
helping me to a broader sense of possibilities. thank-you for using your education.
Interesting that scholars from the Frankfurt School critisized that capitalist societies foster conformity and erode individuality, since we now live in a hyper-individualistic society that makes it hard to organize against anything. I wonder what the Frankfurt School academics would've written if they loved in the 21st century.
Thank goodness that they did not. But then they’ve been replaced with new generations of leftists bent on bastardizing history and destroying the United States.
Do we live on a hyperindividualistic society? Or has hyperindividualism been coopted by that sameness to neutralize it
Read lewis mimford
*Mumford
Easily your most engaging video from the ones I've seen. It also seemed to me that you particularly enjoyed making this one yourself. It was really clear and informative and about a subject I really wanted to know more about for a while now. Keep it up!
This is excellent. In 1983 at BYU Horkheimer and Theodre Adorno and had a fated meeting. It led me to the application of the technique to Latin America and Liberation Theology. Later Marcuse, Horkheimer and Adorno shaped my thought argument contruction, critiques and the development of grounded theory as a college debater but moreso as a college debate coach and in my work with the Open Society Institute. Thank you.
I bet
absolutely love your vidssss, looking forward to the Habermas one
Thank you so much for this video! It's amazing to have such a well written and presented video as an introduction to the Frankfurter Schule! Please do a video on Habermas!!!
Bravo !! Thank you , thank you for that well documented well organized and delivered lecture . This week with the civil unrest in the US , casual conversations with friends and relatives reveal how these ideas have saturated popular understanding of selective tolerance and shut down culture and out rage for the disadvantaged. Your lecture was particularly relavent today
Yes and this kind of philosophy is to blame for that. We are all being agitated
More please
You're clarity of thought is awesome
Why the revolution succeeded in Russia but not Germany is pretty simple. In Russia, the Bolsheviks had support from soldiers and some officers. The October Revolution is primarily motivated by the Kerensky government continuing to fight WW1. In Germany, the military felt betrayed by politicians and many soldiers fought in the Freikorps.
Nice summary :) You should do a video on Latin American thinkers influenced by the Frankfurt school, such as Bolívar Echeverría and Stefan Gandler
A very good introduction. Re: future videos: As others have said, it would be nice to see you cover Dialectic of Enlightenment more deeply. And I would also appreciate a look at Marcuse's later works (the figure the conspiracy nuts are most obsessed with), as well as Horkheimer's The Eclipse of Reason, a sorely overlooked and important text. Thank you!
Luke O'Brien can you explain the reason why they were at 98% jews? Please
You call some people "conspiracy nuts"? Really? That says something about your 'comment'.
amazing work! thank you. however i have to say this feels incomplete without videos about Jurgen Habermas’s philosophy. keep up the good work! cheers
Frankfurt School are a very destructive thing. The problem with antipositivism is that it tears down rather then builds up. And their way of analyzing leaves a lot to be desired. Capitalism has lifted more people out of poverty then any other system. Its rooted in meritocracy, which is the most antiracist thing there is. But they decided that it causes harm. Why did they decide this? Because they were in New York, and thats what was around them. They saw that inequality still existed. Instead of realizing that there is nothing wrong with equal outcomes as long as there was an abundance of opportunities, they just decided it was bad. So they started tearing it down.
They sure were depressing, how did they ever get to American culture?
If you want a contextualisation of the various strains of thought coming out of the Frankfurt School, I implore you to read 'Grand Hotel Abyss' by Stuart Jeffries. Tom has kindly linked it in his description; it's an excellent read and helps you understand why Adorno et. al. were writing/saying the things they were saying.
Looks very interesting. Thanks for the recommendation-or at least pointing out his citation.
@@lookbovine hi there, is there a link to it?
@@kaupperta In the video description.
@@sheppi.316 Many thanks @sheppi. Found it ;) saludos mejicanos
This is actually rounding out some of my upper year lectures. Good stuff. Easily digestible content without watering down the information.
This is really good. I’d like to see you do an essay on the Spiral Dynamics psychological development model.
Excellent, well-researched and historicized overview. Another approach to further dealing with the complexities of the FS might be to further historicize and systemize the analysis some of its themes, as you indirectly do with the concepts of ideological hegemony (Gramsci) in videos like Futurism and Muske, .and their further development after its decline as a progressive force.
Hi Tom,
I loved your video. It definitely changed my point of view and I will be reflecting about this for a while. So thank you! I do want to add something now, however, which is that the Petersons, the Shapiros, and even the Lindsays of the world aren’t denouncing the totality of thought from the Frankfurt School, which as you point out, is diverse in its thought and viewpoints. They are denouncing a more specific branch which seems to have merged with and then turned away from the Frankfurt school. In particular I am referring to the woke, which Peterson refers to as a specific blend of postmodernism and neomarxism, and which James Lindsay refers to as ‘the truth according to social justice’. In particular they find fault with the loss of individuality that is characteristic of this newer tradition, which is also, ironically enough, the same fear shared by the social scientists from the Frankfurt school…
Wonderful video as usual! Would love to see a video on Adorno's aesthetics.
I started off listening to Judith Butler on Benjamin and Kafka. she might have original ideas, but it is hard to listen to a lecturer that goes ehemmm...mmm.. hummm...eh...every two seconds. Your lectures flows and is a pleasure to listen to. I take it as an intro, I knew nothing about the Fr. School. Thanks a lot.
Looks like the youtube algorithms were working in my favor today! Amazing channel 🙌🏼
Excellent summary of a huge swathe of history - you're good at this teaching lark. Look forward to your work on individual scholars & schools.
Thank you! It was a lot to fit in but I’m glad it seemed to work!
Please chapter your videos! I'm a new viewer and would appreciate if you broke your essays into bigger headings so I can get a clearer understanding of your arguments and the most important ideas, and can jump to specific parts of your essays that I'm most interested in. Thank you! (was watching your neoliberliberalism video and thought of this, but wanted to come to the most recent video to comment)
This is a great video; well-structured, engaging, incredibly informative and extremely well-spoken! I have an oral exam in a few days on the culture industry and critical theory and this helped me a lot! Keep up the good work and many thanks from Germany!
I’m just gonna say these not so nice gentlemen have met their Maker.
Thank you for your thorough research and sharing this!
This is one of your best videos, Tom. Thank you for your scholarship and your theatrical talent.
I hope you finished your studies and that I should now address you as Doctor!
Best wishes.
If I were ever to teach a course on how to compose and deliver video essays, your work would be prominently cited as a positive example. This video is insightful, beautifully composed, and engagingly delivered.
"How do we create a system of sophistry that allows us to reduce people to easily manipulated material?"
An excellent overview of the Frankfurt School, its members , aims and methods.
This video was amazing. Never really thought about of the enlightenment way of approaching the natural sciences as being a big factor to totalitarian hegemony, but it makes perfect sense. Now I really want to read 'Dialectic of Enlightenment'
Ah, the Frankfurt School of Cultural Marxism and Wizardry.
A video on The Dialectic of Enlightenment would be cool. Good video too
Cultural Marxism is not a thing. Just an invention by right wingers to have some fairy tale to argue against. And right wing terrorist Anders Breivik used that term in his sick "manifesto"....so you know..be smarter don't believe that shit.
@@mrunseen3797 What. xD
@@michamarzec4311 cultural Marxism is not a thing. It doesn't exist. It's just a made up term/conspiracy theory by right wingers aka neofascists.
@@mrunseen3797 Yea, you are clearly right. Somhow misread your comment, didn't noticing word 'cultural', so you gotta imagine, how absurd it appeared to me. xD Sorry and good day!
@@michamarzec4311 alright :)
Thank you very much this helped me a lot!
I was just wondering what music was used throughout the first 20mins of the video in the background?
Looking forward to your videos on FS
Yes, please make individual videos about Marcuse, Adorno et al!
It would be fun a video about Zygmunt Bauman's Liquid Modernity.
YES! would love for liquid fear to be covered, not sure if that's a different book or simply part of the series, but a specific paragraph on how neo-liberalism orders society as contention between those under the security umbrella of the state (the normatively 'desirable'), and the 'outsiders' who remain consumerists under capitalism, but outside of the enlightened security of the state.
Fantastic explanation and clear exposition of central ideas. Keep up the good work
I love this vídeo,
Quite entertaining for an academic topic :D
The best, thank you
Ive never heard jordan peterson talk about the frankfurt school and I’ve listened to over 100hrs of his lectures
Yeah he doesn't talk about them but rather about their intellectual progeny. When he talks about cultural Marxism, this is it. Notice at the very end of this video, Tom says the Frankfurt School and Critical Theorists realized that focusing just on the economic wasn't enough, but they needed to focus on the culture too.
Dude! The Frankfurt school is Peterson's favourite talk-point.
@@GodsGreatest link because no
@@TRLgoodvibesdotcom you could just search " Jordan Peterson 'post modernism, or cultural Marxism" here on UA-cam.
@@GodsGreatest never mentions them
I remember studying critical theory at university and at the time, thought it was an interesting analysis of the underlying biases of 'establishment' thought. Ironically, I came to see that such analysis could be readily applied to leftist thought for its underlying biases.
It is never applied to leftist thought because leftists are purely about deconstructing the established society
@Red Baron neoliberals are far left socially, far right economically.
TANK Neoliberals are mostly apolitical when it comes to social issues such as gay rights for example. It’s one of the biggest criticisms of neoliberalism (one that I hold myself) that it’s very cynical and only seems to care about social issues when there seems to be some sort of profit to be made out of it. Like how Hillary was against gay marriage just a couple a years ago just to 180 when it became to popular to deny
Here is a literature student bumped into your videos and fall in love with them. Thanks for sooooooo great introduction!!! BTW, it would be super helpful if you can do an introduction to The Dialectic of Enlightenment... I had a hard time understanding it ;(
What do you think was the application of the studies of the Frankfurt school, specifically reaching into the psychological aspects of society?
I'm late to the game on this video, but I would personally LOVE a deep dive crash course on the works of Herbert Marcuse. I've just recently gotten into his writing.
Fine video. I grappled with many of these themes as a young man and undergraduate student (double major in history and German), which informed and influenced my graduate studies, professional pursuits, and personal values and relationships. As a university student, I attended lectures and seminars with some of the individuals mentioned. And, of course, many of my professors were influenced by or critical of the Frankfurt School. Thus, much of this discussion resonates deeply. I am now in the mirrored-image of my life, seeking to understand today’s turbulence and to synthesize it with decades of life experience, observations and case study.
Your teaching style is fantastic! Thank you for bringing the intellectual voice and history to UA-cam!
Awesome video! Thank you for your thoroughness and effort you put into these videos! I'm amazed that this level of content is avaiable for free while history channel and other networks are making slow, fluffy, clickbait-y pieces for tv
This channel needs to blow up, you are amazing man!
The Frankfurt School: the first victims of capitalist realism apparently
Excellent informative video... where might i find another great review of the Frankfurt school, maybe a book? Thank you for your research.
VERY 'ENLIGHTENING'. TNX. More Habermas, please. Especially his 'Meaning and Recognition/Insight' (Erkenntnis) and the 'Interest of the different Sciences' (Erkenntnisinteresse der Wissenschaften) from the mid 60'ties.
As a 'Natural scientist' (biology) AND a psychologist (an amalgam of all three sciences) I am instinctively fully aboard his 'tri-cotomi' on the meaning of the three sciences (natural/humanistic/social) but would like to know much more. Especially how it is the the 'unity of the three decending along an axis of validity' (as I see it) is not more wide-spread in science(s) history in general, ending much of the 'trench warfare of the sciences' . I'm particular puzzeled about why even openly left leaning social scientist seem to dislike the conscpt/construct 'validity' so much, when is could argued that 'it comes from one of their own, Habermas (incidently pronunced 'Harbermars'. Looking forward to further enlightenment!
I'd recommend anybody watching this to review the source materials. In other words, read the works of the characters mentioned in this video. In my opinion, this video suger-coats Critical Theory. Don't believe either myself or the talented narrator of this video. Read the source materials and develop your own conclusion. Think critically.
Absolutely. His spin is subtle, but the fact that he calls the notion that critical theory is against western values a conspiracy theory is a red flag for me.
In this same video, he admits they swapped revolutionary for democratic while in the US. Democracy is a western value. Revolution is not.
love this channel, it helped me ace my semiotics class last semester! so thank you tom and have a great day'
Thank you! Really pleased to have helped you out!
Thanks jews of israel
@@liolio7545 Are you ok?
A new subscriber here! I came upon your channel when I was looking up an explanation of modern art. Also, I think you've done a great job in covering Frankfurt School concisely! I just finished reading a book about it, mostly on Horkheimer and Adorno's thoughts. I'd like to add that there is a way to divide Horkheimer's thought through two stages; the optimistic stage and the pessimistic stage. On the pessimistic stage, it is again divided into two main themes; first, when Horkheimer was uncertain with human rationalism and the second when Horkheimer was sure that human rationalism would only meet a dead-end a.k.a. a futile effort. One of the influences of this pessimistic stage was the fact that Horkheimer admired Schopenhauer's thought. His best friend, Friedrich Pollock, gave Horkheimer Schopenhauer's book, "Aphorisms on the Wisdom of Life" when the two were studying in Brussel. This fact lent so much of his skepticism and pessimism toward the end of his life.
Would like to see a future video covering Habermas' since I'm not very familiar with his thought. Anyway, Tom, please keep doing what you do. It's remarkable. Best of luck for your PhD!
Good intro vid. Enough to get the tip of the little Pinky wet. To me the Frankfurt School world view is vastly complex and formidably deep. But I'm willing to take a dive into some of it's literature and commentaries on the Frankfurt School.
Awesome video... as always. 👍
Thank you, I really appreciate you saying so!
Frankfurt School were not the first to analyse or critique the culture of capitalism. Weber, Durkheim and Lukacs were doing it decades earlier
Lukacs work is quite literally the sole foundation of what inspired the Frankfurt school and he was in close contact with Adorno and Horkheimer.
Great video, nice overview some good analysis 👍
this is a full fledged paper! thank u so much. it helped a lot.
Never thought I'd learn so much about critical theory by Ramsey Bolton :D
Recently-out-of-school cultural studies nerd here, getting my daily intellectual fix
nice video, wondering if you have any videos detailing Walter Benjamin's influence on the Frankfurt School as well as Husserl & Heidigger
Thanks for the lesson. Here’s something for the algorithm.
Im a critical theorist studying in frankfurt and i just wanted to take a look on youtube what people outside frankfurt think of the work done here. I have friends at the Institute for social science (IFS) and its fucking hilarious to see that they are corrupting the american youth without them knowing.
This video is great, keep on. :)
what do you mean?
Any chance you could do a wtf on Hegel? You may have already, I may just need to dig a bit more
Literally no one understands Hegel. Dude was on another level.
@@MountainsBreath you get credit for trying tho
@@borkwoof696 I do like his approach to aesthetics particularly in the way he wrote about the sublime. However, I would be lying if I said I could grasp many of the other more complex aspects of his process.
There's room here to look at Weber's influence on the FS; and a more granular view of communicative rationality. A good historical summation for all that