Exotic Elements vs. Magnet | Uranium and 40 other metals | Part 1/7
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- Опубліковано 14 гру 2024
- I believe this video is unique. I haven't found a video on UA-cam showing so many different metals and their effect with magnets. I dream of getting all the available elemental metals and make updates for this video series.
I have had quite a lot feedback suggesting that I should have put the magnet on a string or scale so smaller effects would be visualized. I use this in newer parts of this series:
Part 2: • Exotic Elements vs. Ma...
Part 3: • Exotic Elements vs. Ma...
Part 4: • Exotic Elements vs. Ma...
Part 5: • Exotic Elements vs. Ma...
Part 6: • Exotic Elements vs. Ma...
I may at some point redo this video with more sensitive setups, but with 41 metals it is quite a large project :|
Music is by Kevin MacLeod from www.incompetech....
Songs used:
0:31 - 6:13 + 8:55 - 9:54 Sovereign
ISRC: USUAN1100065
6:13 - 8:55 Atlantean Twilight
ISRC: USUAN1100322
9:55 - 10:31 Darkness is coming.
ISRC: USUAN1100584
His music is free and royalty free for download and released under a Common Creative Attribution license which is perfect for an amateur video maker like me but I have made a fair donation since I use his music extensively in my videos.
Close captions are available in English and Danish (click the CC button under the video).
THIS VIDEO IS THE MOST METAL VIDEO ON UA-cam!!!!
Ok, that got a chuckle.
You should remake this video, but this time hang the magnet on a non magnetic wire like a pendulum so we can see the very effect of the very low effect ones and notice the difference between the metals.
+Haikiri Nanbo good point
+Haikiri Nanbo He does this in part 2. Dude listens to his audience.
Yea, this video is rather pointless. Nothing to see.
@@Skandalos 13k people are rolling their eyes at you
This guy have all the elements at home 0_o
But I have the Element of Surprise!
Am I sensing an element of sarcasm? Videos like these should not contain elements of mockery! This information is elementary to our understanding of the elements of science that we learned in elementary school in a very elementary way. We must be serious when discussing all the different elements of scientific discovery, because there will always be an element of mystery that requires an element of maturity to decipher.
He owns the periodic table
Polonium is most dangerous element so he cant keep it..
This has to the most jolly part of youtube. ^^ Haha relaxing music, insightful comments, actual politeness. Wait, I'm on youtube?
I believe music is borrowed from K-Pax movie. The piano theme is remind me of that movie.
The force is strong with this one.
trppmdm I know right, it's hard to believe
if believe youtube now was as good as it was 7 years ago...
@@UA-camrBack Hey man, check out NileRed! Definitely a similar vibe and community!
Thank you :)
I am providing the energy in the setup. I am holding a 'lifter' magnet above the two discs of bismuth and by moving the lifter magnet up and down I can control the small magnet between the bismuth discs. If I made a rig that could hold the lifter magnet completely steady I could make a more stable levitation (balancing several forces: gravity, magnetic fields and diamagnetic repulsion).
Thanks for watching!
7:35 I approve of the use of legos. I too have found some random practical purposes for them.
Very impressive collection. I'm going to have to buy some bismuth now. Thanks for sharing.
+NY Tsou
Hi, I can't reply directly to your comment (have you disabled replies?). Hope you see this.
The hazard label of cadmium was a European standard that shows that cadmium is an environmental hazard (dead tree and fish). The symbol is now updated to a global standard (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GHS_hazard_pictograms).
Thanks for watching and commenting!
how do you get all these elements 0.O
Can you provide a link to where you got those rare earth metals.
Isak Mohamed I bought the set through eBay, but the seller has his own website: www.smart-elements.com/?arg=detail&element=Set&newitems=&limit=1&art=00174&pn=&cat=&view=gl&tr=10&out=1&lid=15&PHPSESSID=a7d2ffd37834b8aaddb26735b7291fad#A
Freeze the mercury with liquid nitrogen, then pull out the glass.
Enrique Suarez Uranium is found in many minerals, but Plutonium is really not, although most elements can be found naturally on Earth, but not in pure form.
It's one of my favorite metals too! It is used in the world's most powerful permanent magnets, in the lovely green lasers and it's compounds often have some interesting color-changing effects. I'm planning to show this in an upcoming video with neodymium chloride and neodymium fluoride.
This is my hobby and filmed at home. eBay is my friend when I need to find the rarer stuff ;)
You should have hung that magnet to a very very long string so that we can better see the effect (Paramagnetic / diamagnetic etc)
+Vikram Pandya
Yep, this video was the first in the series. Part 2-4 are much better due to feedback from my viewers (links in the description box). So I may have to revisit these metals in a future video. Especially the rare earth metals which are quite paramagnetic.
Thanks for watching and commenting!
Thanks for your response, I already subscribed due to interesting content. Keep up the good work :)
+brainiac75 Hey, you think you could re-do this video with the new methods (Water, magnet on a string, etc...) so we can have a better idea of these metals properties?
Miguel Peralta Yes, that will likely happen in the future. Right now I just have so many video ideas in my head that will be more interesting to make.
But I definitely have to re-visit the set with rare earth metals vs. magnet. Most of them should have a very noticeable reaction in a sensitive setup - despite the glass ampoule and small sample size.
+brainiac75 Yeeeesss!!! I've been waiting for that ever since I first saw this video. Thank you!
Imagine if he drooled on that lithium, quite the bang i'd say
Even Periodic Table of Videos don't have this much metal samples.
Thank you for your story about mercury! In the good ol'days mercury really wasn't taken as seriously as today where each new study seems to suggest that ANY exposure to mercury is really bad. A little dramatic as your story proves ;)
Pure elemental mercury is not madly poisonous (the fumes are dangerous in long term exposure though). It's the organic mercury compounds that builds up in nature that's the real problem.
Thanks for watching!
Good thing that you know about conservation of energy!
I am providing the energy in the setup. I am holding a 'lifter' magnet about the two discs of bismuth and by moving the lifter magnet up and down I can control the small magnet between the bismuth discs. If I made a rig that could hold the lifter magnet steady I could make a more stable levitation (balancing several forces: gravity, magnetic fields and diamagnetic repulsion).
Thanks for watching!
Why not suspend the magnet from a thread? That way its magnetic effect on metals would be easier to see.
Dat relaxing music.
Thanks for the video!
What a GREAT VIDEO!!! Thanks so much for your work, you are a gentleman. Lol. And I agree with the other comments, THIS here is what UA-cam is about
Yes, it should be if you have a sufficiently large lifter magnet above the setup (and some seriously big slabs af bismuth). I doubt it would be spectacular though. It would still only be a few millimeters of levitation and therefore hardly visible with such a large magnet. It's better to use small magnets and pyrolytic carbon in stead af bismuth.
Thanks for watching and commenting!
This was one of the first videos I ever watched on UA-cam, and it brings back so many memories
Is it possible to mix every (or nearly every) element together? If so what would happen?
That's how they make Monsanto Roundup! ;)
GreatOxInTheSky. That's very funny, good job!
Yourname942 it would probably be a highly explosive device
What's the cost of uranium and where did you buy that
People online sell it
Cheap. Ebay. Duh!
I didn't even know diamagnetism was a thing
You're not the only one :) For some reason we are only really tought about the ferromagnetism in school. The other forms of magnetism are 'forgotten'.
@@brainiac75 what do diamagnets do when dropped down a copper pipe?
Oh no Au5 in here 😃😃
No, you need a superconductor cooled to superconduction to shield like that.
At normal temperatures you need something magnetic with high magnetic permeability to 'shield' (actually redirect) magnetic fields. Search mu-metal which is an alloy commonly used for magnetic shielding.
Thanks for watching!
Yep. The old term rare earth metals is quite misleading because many of them are as 'rare' as cupper, nickel lead and tin in the Earth's crust.
However they are rarely seen in pure metal form by most people because they are expensive to separate from each other and most of them will corrode very easily in the air.
Thanks for watching!
That tungsten cylinder sounded like a brick!!! 0__o
I really wish he was my science teach
here because of part 5/5
Nice :) This video is starting to feel old compared to my never videos but it still shows 41 elements in pure form.
Short and simplified: It is because of unpaired electrons. Paired electrons cancel each others magnetic moments - unpaired have a magnetic moment. The more unpaired electrons - the more magnetic moment. Many metals have more or less free electrons and therefore a magnetic moment.
Exactly! Unpaired electrons gives a net charge that causes ferro- or paramagnetic effects. Paired electrons gives diamagnetic effects.
a guy on youtube channel taofledermaus does a bunch of videos on mecury and he cleans his mecury with a sponge but he has 5 pounds of mercury... you would need a small sponge.
The music :'(
tHE cOMUNIST pIZZA I like it too, but It makes me sad
i wonder what music it is
yes jeff
so basically u wanted to show us ur variety of elements..?
Obviously because every element didn't do anything
Literally the most boring video ever😂😂
Daniel Yorke id interstibg he know all metals of the planet
GreenFlu TheWicked Did i miss something or is he really a show off, i mean gas pistol, ammunition etc. wtf.
He has ammunition and stuff to show real world applications for that metal...
Thanks :)
Very short and simplified: in matter with some unpaired electrons the magnetic moment of the electrons is not cancelled out so there is a para- or even ferromagnetic reaction. In matter with only paired electrons the magnetic moment of the electrons is cancelled out so they have a diamagnetic reaction.
Congratulations. You make UA-cam worth while. Great job.
No, magnetism is an effect between electrons. Radioactivity is from the nucleus (protons+neutrons) so no real linkage.
Thanks for watching!
Them slow movements hovering the metals over the magnet are unintentional ASMR triggers
Gosh, I get all excited getting a look at all these different metal-elements!
You are exactly right! Most of the helium in a party balloon actually used to be part of uranium or thorium in the underground that decayed with an alpha particle. The alpha particle then grabbed electrons from its environment and became a helium atom. Quite fantastic - I love science :)
Thank you very much!
I hope to upload part 3 within the next month. Very-hard-to-find samples in part 3 ;)
The magnet is a neodymium magnet made of iron, neodymium and boron (~Nd2Fe14B). The strongest permanent magnet material we know of.
Yes, alloying and combining elements can change the results completely. Magnetism is all about the electrons and their behaviour can be very different in pure elements and alloys/compounds with the element.
That's why I try to find very pure element samples for this video series. In part 2 and 3 I have samples that are not pure enough to behave in the right way...
It's from eBay. There's a similar cylinder for sale right now for $240 (search 'tungsten cylinder 1 kg'). 7 out of 10 are already sold so it is quite a popular item despite the high price :)
Thanks for watching!
In the US you can own 15 POUNDS af depleted U-238 without a license. That should give you an idea of how 'dangerous' it is :) No reason to be so scared of this just because we learn so from cartoons, games and movies. U-235 is the dangerous one but that's very hard even for whole countries to obtain.
Thanks for watching and commenting!
Not really forgotten - more an issue of money ;)
In part two for this video - Exotic Elements vs. Magnet - I promise a gold sample for part three since gold is the most requested. Getting a visible sample of gold is just so expensive that I prioritized to get as many metal samples for the first part instead of just a few expensive ones.
Thanks for watching!
Love that this is still available. Quality content from a much younger UA-cam. Very nice to see the difference in your editing and stuff as well. Great work!
The 'neodymium' magnets are actually made of a crystalline material of roughly 14 parts iron, 2 parts neodymium and 1 part boron.
It is a special, symmetrical arrangement of the elements in the crystal that give this material such powerful magnetic properties that no pure element has.
Thanks :)
You definitely can if you really want. I was over 30 years old before I seriously started collecting and was able to find money for the more expensive items. Most samples are easily available on eBay, Amazon etc. so cool cash is the only (big) limitation.
Not kidding. Try searching eBay. You may be surprised by what is available!
Tungsten/wolfram is easily available though expensive ($240 for the shown 1 kg cylinder + shipping from UK - search for 'tungsten metal cylinder').
Thanks for watching and commenting.
Then you should watch part 2: Exotic Elements vs. Magnet!
I do have some smoke detector americium discs (watch my video 'Radioactivity | My collection so far').
The problem is that it's not the pure element/metal. It is americium dioxide lodged in a disc of another metal (often made of gold actually) so it will not show the magnetic property of pure americium.
With that said it is fantastic that we have a man-made element in our homes in a detectable amount (and it is the decay product of plutonium-241!).
Thanks for watching!
Wow, thanks for taking the time to collect and set up every sample testing shot
It's moving because I hold a 'lifter' magnet above the setup. If I made a rig for the lifter magnet and balanced it perfectly it could levitate for hundreds of years (until the magnet loses it magnetism - partly because of background radiation).
Thanks for watching!
Thanks for the suggestion. I have so far cleaned it somewhat with the simplest method: double-sided tape. It's not optimal but was quick and easy :)
I have actually bought a new mercury sample from a source without broken glass (sphygmomanometers) ;)
Thanks for watching and commenting!
They don't ship to Denmark and their pure uranium has been sold out for a very long time. They only have uranium ore for sale (mineral samples containing uranium).
The sample in this video is pure uranium metal. If you want to see some of my stronger radioactive samples watch the video 'Radioactivity | My collection so far'.
Thanks for watching!
Very simplified and short: Uranium's nucleus is very large and therefore unstable because the protons repel each other (+ charge repels another + charge). So at some point an alpha particle (two protons + two neutrons) will be ejected from the nucleus.
A magnetic field line is a magnetic field line so in that sense there's no difference.
However there are differences in sizes, intensity and the origin of the magnetic field between the field from the Earths core and the neodymium magnet in this video.
You may have been confusing it with plutonium. That needs to be taken much more seriously.
Depleted uranium is quite harmless compared to many other radioactive elements - unless it is shot out of a cannon :( Then it becomes a problem.
Thanks for watching!
Thanks :)
People tend to be surprised by what can be bought quite easily. With elements all you have to do is look for it and maybe get connected with the right people. It's basically just a matter of cost if you really want something :-/
Thanks for the tip. My case was rather easy: double sided tape will stick to the glass fragments but not the mercury :)
I'm surprised by how many people have actually tried to clean mercury. Guess I'm not the only one fascinated enough by it to actually 'play' with it.
Only superconductors will totally block a magnetic field and repel the magnet at the same time but they are not very practical since they need to very cold to work.
Permanent magnets are usually 'shielded' by redirecting the magnetic field in a closed loop. This can be done by surrounding the magnet with a metal with high permeability. The classic material for this is the so-called mu-metal but this is a magnetic material and attracts the magnet unlike the superconductors.
Thank you!
I do aim to share my passion but don't expect all my viewers to be as enthusiastic ;)
Personally I think science - the knowledge of how our world works - is very interesting. I'm not afraid of being a nerd/geek. My experience is that a lot of people actually are interested in science even though they don't talk about it.
Love this.. I'm in my 30s and I still find this fascinating - the day you stop learning should be the day you die. Thanks for the great video.
Amazingly nice set of samples. A very classy science setup...great video!
wow that's alot of effort put into the backgrounds for each metal! awesome!
Fascinating. Pure information dissemination. I very much appreciate this demonstration.
Depleted uranium is sometimes for sale - usually on the US eBay (in the US up to 15 lbs is allowed without a permit). Unitednuclear'com also used to have some for sale but they seem to be out of it.
The rare earth metal set can be bought on smart-elements'com.
The bismuth levitation thing was really cool! Finally YT has suggested some really interesting matter to me. Subscribed.
Thanks for noticing! One of the challenges with this video was how to show 41 elements in an interesting way without being to repetitive. The different backgrounds made this a huge (and expensive) project but I think it was worth it :)
That is due to the eddy currents generated in the aluminium (not a dia- or paramagnetic effect). I play with eddy currents and a 5 kg copper bar in the video 'Eddy currents ad libitum'. Good electrical conductor = strong eddy currents.
Thank you very much :)
I have just uploaded part three of this series - some very-hard-to-find elements so I think it's worth a look too.
Thanks :)
Lithium is corrosive in the way that it is very reactive and will cause skin burns as a result of the caustic hydroxide produced in contact with moisture in the air, your sweat etc. So don't hold this metal in your bare hand for long!
You're right: scandium + yttrium + lanthanides = rare earth metals. Should have clarified this in the video. I'll make it more clear in my upcoming video where I retest all rare earth metals in more sensitive setups including their oxides.
Thanks for watching!
It's the number of protons that determines an element from another. Electrons can vary for an element (called ions, but still the same element). The number of neutrons can also vary for an element (called isotopes, but still the same element).
Thanks for watching!
Because I can't hold the lifter magnet above the setup still enough with my hands. The magnet is repelled by the bismuth but not enough to actually lift the magnet. I use a second magnet above the bismuth to do this.
Because of the repelling force of bismuth the little magnet can be balanced perfectly in levitation between the two bismuth plates if I made a rig for the second magnet (instead of handheld...).
Gold is coming in part 3 here in August. Meanwhile you can watch part 2: Exotic Elements vs. Magnet :)
I believe it is paramagnetic - only mildly attracted to a magnet unlike ferritic steel (which is of course ferromagnetic). I have some cutlery made of stainless steel that is only mildly attracted to a magnet. Steel comes in many different types and with different magnetic properties.
Cobalt can cause allergic reactions (contact dermatitis) and it's soluble salt can are toxic. Some experiments have classified cobalt as possible carcinogenic in large amounts.
I've heard that before so there must be something about it. I don't think so myself though - I'm not that badass :)
Thanks for watching!
I found myself most fascinated by actually seeing most of these metals for the first time.
Yep, most people - without your knowledge - are surprised that many of the rare earth metals are visibly attracted to a magnet.
Thanks for watching :)
SOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO thankful my friend..excellent as always.
Among the music and his voice it's pretty relaxing to watch at it, I'll watch it before to sleep.
Not all elements are possible to get in visible amounts - even in a laboratory. But collecting the available elements still takes some dedication and cash. If you can live with tiny samples and not to high purity I think a couple of thousands dollars + shipping could get you all available elements. I have just started collecting the precious metals. Their price tags are painfully high :(
Thanks for watching - more to come when I can afford it ;)
Depleted uranium is sometimes available on the US eBay (in the US you can have up to 15 lbs of depleted U without license).
Lithium hydroxide is a strong base and therefore corrosive (quite similar to drain cleaner which is a sodium hydroxide solution). It can be quite bad for you. You can always give it to a local chemical disposal ('genbrugspladsen' if you live in Denmark) - just return it in the original packaging. Lithium hydroxide is no problem for them.
I do have some smoke detector americium discs (watch my video 'Radioactivity | My collection so far').
The problem is that it's not the pure element/metal. It is americium dioxide lodged in a disc of another metal (often made of gold actually) so it will not show the magnetic property of pure americium.
Thanks for watching!
In all honesty, I don't know what it is, but you seem like a really genuinely nice person. Don't know why that comes to mind, it's just how I feel.
+The amazing Jay
Well, that's nice :) Thanks for watching!
Magnesium strip is usually bought for setting things on fire since it burns so hot ;)
Good for igniting thermite. I may give it a try myself sometime.
You have no idea how envious I am of that collection.
Thanks :)
In part 2 'Exotic Elements vs. Magnet' I do use this setup for some new samples. I may have to revisit this video with much more sensitive setups - it'll be a big project though...And you're right about the problem with my samples being so different in size. It will be hard to make comparable measurements. But at least it should show if the magnet is repelled or attracted.
I'm planning a revisit with the rare earth metals where a 0.01 g scale will be used - including their oxides!
Palladium is attracted to a magnet (paramagnetic +540). I haven't been able to afford a sample of it... yet.
Thanks for watching!
Thanks :)
My brother used Blender to motion track the video and add the letters to the video. It's a free program (blender'org) with a lot of online help so anyone should be able to do it - I haven't tried it myself though x)
Wonderful video, the bismuth floating was especially nice, graceful. Thank you for making this, superb.
Coming in part three. Too expensive to be my first priority ;)
Yes! As soon as I get more pure samples (including gold) I will make part three.
Search the channel 'periodicvideos' videos about the elements to hear how the different elements are pronounced by chemistry professors - that's how I learned... :)
The radiation from the sun (solar wind) is charged particles - electrons and protons - with relative low energies (typically max 10 keV). These are easily deflected by the Earth's magnetic field.
Alpha- and beta-particles from radioactive sources are also charged particles (helium nuclei and electrons) so they are also deflected by a magnet. They have however much larger energies (up to several MeV) and are harder to deflect. Gamma radiation from radioactive sources is not deflected by a magnet.
There's a little more about mercury and gallium in my video 'Metal Meltdown' - not on the magnetic properties though :) I may try to show the weak magnetic properties of them in revisit-video with more sensitive setups.
The titanium cylinder is frequently for sale on eBay. There's only a smaller version for sale right now though - search titanium cylinder 35 mm.
Most of it is from eBay (like the seller 'onyxmet'). But also from dedicated element webshops like smart-elements´com. Thanks for watching!
Well, they exist and are out there - just gotta search for them :) Like mercury in thermometers.
Try searching eBay, Amazon or dedicated element webshops.
Thanks for watching!
Yep, high-density elements are impressive. The experience from them simply can't be copied by other means than other high-density elements :)
I bought some more pure mercury (from sphygmomanometers...) so I'm not in need of cleaning it at the moment ;)
Theodore Gray does have some samples that are extraordinary. His white phosphorus sample is second-to-none...