Euler's Totient Theorem and Fermat's Little Theorem - Complete Proof & Intuition

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  • Опубліковано 6 січ 2025

КОМЕНТАРІ • 65

  • @MuPrimeMath
    @MuPrimeMath  4 роки тому +7

    If the notation at 9:07 is confusing, I talk a little about what it means in this video: ua-cam.com/video/SslPWR2N5jA/v-deo.html

  • @gautamiwankhede6357
    @gautamiwankhede6357 9 місяців тому +7

    precise explanation of totient theorem I've ever come across

  • @MrKrabs-xf2tr
    @MrKrabs-xf2tr 4 роки тому +11

    Best, most clear, concise least stuttery explanation I've ever seen of the Proofs of the Totient Theorem. Also amazing proof of FLT. Congrats!!

  • @martinsandor707
    @martinsandor707 3 роки тому +5

    Jesus christ man I started looking into modular arithmetic without knowing anything about it beforehand as part of a high school assignment, and your clear explanations helped me understand everything in such a way, that even 5-10 other videos couldn't accomplish! Keep up the good work, you deserve so many more views and subs!

  • @dandervi6196
    @dandervi6196 3 роки тому +2

    Great Video. The concept seemed so abstract without seeing the intuition behind it. Now it makes total sense!

  • @egillandersson1780
    @egillandersson1780 4 роки тому +2

    The best demonstration I ever saw about this ! Thank you

  • @christianrudder4826
    @christianrudder4826 Рік тому +1

    That was absolutely insane, my text book really had a field day with making it extremely complicated by using maps.
    This was clear and I was able to see the magic, I was blown away by the result of this proof

  • @stanees9657
    @stanees9657 Рік тому +1

    So straightforward! Good Lecturer

  • @toni_canada
    @toni_canada Рік тому

    Thank you! Is the best proof of this theorem I've seen!

  • @xxxprawn8374
    @xxxprawn8374 4 роки тому

    nice video i was looking for a neat proof of the totient formula for a while now and you did it!

  • @felipemurta9160
    @felipemurta9160 Рік тому

    bro really made me think fr, amazing video

  • @user-ou1yw4cg6y
    @user-ou1yw4cg6y 6 місяців тому

    Thank you for the delicate demonstration

  • @spartansai1107
    @spartansai1107 4 роки тому +1

    Amazing video. Clear and detailed explanations.

  • @ttrss
    @ttrss 2 роки тому +1

    your really good at speaking

  • @slavinojunepri7648
    @slavinojunepri7648 2 місяці тому

    Fantastic proof

  • @ronnie2367
    @ronnie2367 3 роки тому

    I can understand this with secondary school math, meaning a great job done by you. Thanks

  • @ilovecentrallimittheorem
    @ilovecentrallimittheorem 3 роки тому

    I'm merely struggling with this and can't even understand a thing. Thank you sooo much for keeping everything straight

  • @dvoorganisation459
    @dvoorganisation459 4 роки тому

    Love you Sir. You are helping people

  • @vishalarun1288
    @vishalarun1288 Рік тому

    4:20 Why is set S not congruent mod n. How does it being between 1 and n make it incongruent? and what is it incongruent to?

    • @MuPrimeMath
      @MuPrimeMath  Рік тому

      The elements of S are pairwise incongruent to each other mod n because (by definition) they are distinct numbers between 1 and n.

  • @Pihu4210
    @Pihu4210 2 місяці тому

    Only one word "Awesome"💌

  • @mathtutor5110
    @mathtutor5110 3 роки тому

    Very clear explanation! Great!!!

  • @iamavolk
    @iamavolk 2 роки тому

    Very neat. Amazing work. Thank you!

  • @xoppa09
    @xoppa09 3 роки тому

    i think there is a small typo at 11:35. it should be Product (x_i_j ) = Product a * x _ j , since j ranges from 1 to phi

  • @tunistick8044
    @tunistick8044 25 днів тому

    2:30 is there an equivalence? or is it just an implication?

    • @MuPrimeMath
      @MuPrimeMath  25 днів тому

      If you're referring to the statement "xy is coprime to n if and only if x and y are both coprime to n", then yes, that is true. This is a consequence of Euclid's lemma, which states that if a prime p divides xy, then p must also divide at least one of x or y. Conversely, if p divides x or y, then clearly it also divides xy, since xy contains the prime factors of both x and y.

  • @ritwikpriyadarshi961
    @ritwikpriyadarshi961 3 роки тому

    Thank you! A very good proof

  • @non_sense7441
    @non_sense7441 4 роки тому

    You're great!! Keep making more videos :D

  • @chap_eau
    @chap_eau 11 місяців тому

    thank you so much, great and very helpful video

  • @sharonsavyon1384
    @sharonsavyon1384 4 роки тому

    Excellent video! thank you

  • @beamteetuch8895
    @beamteetuch8895 2 місяці тому

    Excuse me how do you know that all element in T’ are different from other?
    (Ex ax2 = ax3 (mod n) some thing else like that)

  • @sudhanvabharadwaj2765
    @sudhanvabharadwaj2765 4 роки тому

    Thank you so much it really helped

  • @xoppa09
    @xoppa09 3 роки тому

    The injection part... if we define f(x) = ax mod n, and gcd(a,n) = 1 , then if x1 =/= x2 , f(x1) =/= f(x2)

  • @eladiomilad8500
    @eladiomilad8500 Рік тому

    Thank you so so much

  • @PunmasterSTP
    @PunmasterSTP 9 місяців тому

    This lecture was so amazing, that it seems like you should be charging a phi!

    • @MuPrimeMath
      @MuPrimeMath  9 місяців тому +1

      It took me a minute to remember that phi has two pronunciations! Lol

    • @PunmasterSTP
      @PunmasterSTP 9 місяців тому

      @@MuPrimeMath When it comes to pronunciation, I just go with what sounds right and don't try to phite it 👍

  • @prakharpandey8968
    @prakharpandey8968 7 місяців тому

    I could not understand injection mod n

  • @dharmanshah1239
    @dharmanshah1239 4 роки тому +1

    Which college have you choose?

  • @kiaruna
    @kiaruna Рік тому

    thanks so much ! just a small question : is saying that a isn't multiple of p, the same as gcd(a,p) = 1 ?

    • @MuPrimeMath
      @MuPrimeMath  Рік тому +1

      Yes, because p is prime.

    • @kiaruna
      @kiaruna Рік тому

      @@MuPrimeMath thanks so much !

  • @ring5148
    @ring5148 Рік тому

    thank you

  • @EpicVideos2
    @EpicVideos2 3 роки тому

    You sound a bit like Addison Anderson who narrates the tedX videos!

  • @robertflynn6686
    @robertflynn6686 3 роки тому

    I am curious here as to why you are putting out videos on so many varied math topics? Is this a project? Anyway good luck going to Caltech. If I can ask you, what for you is the most interesting work going on right now. In science or math or other?

    • @MuPrimeMath
      @MuPrimeMath  3 роки тому

      I'm not sure what I find most interesting yet because I still don't have much background knowledge! I hope to learn more math so that I can understand what's happening at the frontiers of math research.

    • @robertflynn6686
      @robertflynn6686 3 роки тому

      @@MuPrimeMath does that answer to my questions imply your in high school or just graduated? Yes or no?

    • @MuPrimeMath
      @MuPrimeMath  3 роки тому

      I'm in my freshman year of college.

    • @robertflynn6686
      @robertflynn6686 3 роки тому

      @@MuPrimeMath ok🥸
      Don't forget to take Putnam Comp or equivalent as undergrad. Best of luck.

    • @odinedin8265
      @odinedin8265 2 роки тому

      = THE GREAT! - THE GREATEST!!! Theorem of the 21st century! = !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
      "- an equation of the form X**m + Y**n = Z**k , where m != n != k - any integer(unequal "!=") numbers greater than 2 , - INSOLVable! in integers".
      !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
      /- open publication priority of 22/07/2022 /
      /-Proven by me! minimum-less than 7-10 pp. !!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

  • @krasimirronkov17
    @krasimirronkov17 3 роки тому

    What if a is a negative integer

    • @MuPrimeMath
      @MuPrimeMath  3 роки тому

      The theorem is still true!

    • @krasimirronkov17
      @krasimirronkov17 3 роки тому

      @@MuPrimeMath so will the remainders still be from 1 to n-1 because i dont think so

    • @MuPrimeMath
      @MuPrimeMath  3 роки тому

      The remainder of any integer when divided by any positive integer is always between 0 and n-1.

    • @krasimirronkov17
      @krasimirronkov17 3 роки тому

      @@MuPrimeMath but what about negative remainders

    • @MuPrimeMath
      @MuPrimeMath  3 роки тому

      The standard definition of remainder ( en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_division#Division_theorem ) defines a remainder to be non-negative. A negative number is always congruent to a positive number mod n for n>0, so a negative remainder is always equivalent to some positive remainder.

  • @asriel522
    @asriel522 2 роки тому +3

    Would I get a higher mark in my meth test if I wrap my head with a towel?

  • @fahrenheit2101
    @fahrenheit2101 3 роки тому

    Oh wow, I knew about Fermat's little theorem but I had no idea it was a special case of this one. Cool video, but I might need to get slightly more comfortable with some of the fundamentals of modular arithmetic to completely get the rules, though you seem to have videos for that too, which helps.

  • @s00s77
    @s00s77 4 роки тому

    unrelated comment, but it's worrying me
    is youtube under some bot raid?
    arthritis' styled comments popping everywhere at every "small" channel i visited and could read through the comment section

  • @ireallyhateweekends
    @ireallyhateweekends 10 місяців тому

    bro is so pretty i can not focus on the board

  • @ynot8319
    @ynot8319 6 місяців тому

    your profile picture missed an S