New To Linux? Learn The Jargon!
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- Опубліковано 17 тра 2024
- Are you new to Linux or thinking about switching to Linux from Windows or Mac? If so, you may find some of the Linux terminology kind of confusing. So today, I'm going to demystify a few of the common terms within Linux jargon:
0:00 Intro
0:25 GNU & Linux (GNU/Linux)
2:51 Distros, Flavors & Spins
5:42 User Interfaces (GUI, CLI, & TUI)
8:21 X11, Xorg & Wayland
10:15 Terminal & Shell
12:42 Binaries & Source
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🎬 Kdenlive: kdenlive.org
🎨 GIMP: www.gimp.org/
💻 VirtualBox: www.virtualbox.org/
🗒️ Doom Emacs: github.com/hlissner/doom-emacs
Your support is very much appreciated. Thanks, guys! - Наука та технологія
I'm already familiar with linux and most of the jargon, but I can tell you these kinds of videos are extremely helpful for new users. Thanks dt!
DT is serving the future Linux community well ! :D
I’ve been using Linux for almost a decade, but I like watching these kinds of videos anyway because I never know if there’s something basic I missed out on, and the presentation is oftentimes just fun.
Exactly! We never stop learning
I remember some of those terms being confusing when I came across them while troubleshooting just after switching. Nice to see your channel being a middle ground between the very casual and "radical" creators covering FOSS.
Thank you for this!
I've used Linux for several years, but I never knew some of these terms.
Honestly, you don't need the terms for running a Linux OS. It is just nice to know them if someone starts talking about their setup in my experience
I'm a few years into linux and this video still is amazing
Awesome video, wish I had this terminology available when getting into GNU/Linux, until now I more or less just had to guess and figure it out for myself.
Another piece of Jargon I'd love to see explained is Desktop Environment, at least as someone coming from Windows where we don't have a choice to pick one, so we really didn't think about this consciously.
I love that you made this. The community needs more of this please.
used linux for 6 yrs. now. never knew these nuances. Thanks for making things clearer. keep these coming.
Thanks Man. This was helpful. Looking forward to the GNU/Linux switch this year.
A really nice summary video. Thanks a lot!
I thought it was SystemD/Linux :D
Thanks for the clarification, needed an overview on some terminology.
Simple slides showing visual elements will help you and the user base appreciate these videos even more.
I just started my journey with BSPWM and this was a much needed nugget. Thanks DT for putting this out.
Great information, mate. Thanks for making this video.
Another good "Linux 101" video. It's always good to see another good video I can send people to for some of basics they need to know.
Awesome video, really appreciated. I was wondering, what kind of program are you using that seems to be suggesting you paths in the terminal? Like when you start typing, I can see a suggestion in a darker color. Seems useful. I've seen it in other videos but couldn't figure out what it is 🤔 thank you in advance
Hey DT!
Thanks for another great video. 🐧
Good stuff mate, highly educational indeed!
This video cleared up a few things for me. Thanks DT!
Awesome idea for a video DT. The hardest thing about computing is the terminology.
Thank you - your videos are useful!
As new user I found this content to be very useful. I didn't know able complying into bin directory. Now I know. Thanks DT. Also thanks for your Fdisk video on disk partition and the walkthorugh you make in install SlackwareOS
Great video as always! What's the name of the fish shell theme you're using? :)
Thanks so much for your incredibly informative videos bro.
Hey DT! Which distro you used for production machine? Seems extremely 🔥
Thank you so much sir. As ever, very informative for ALL (whether an experienced user or a newcomer). Your channel is always relevant and serious for any one who wants to learn. If life itself is an ongoing learning process, then most certainly *Linux* is no matter how good one thinks s/he is at using this OS. *Thank* you for your UTube channel.
Thanks, this helps. I plan to get started with Linux when I get a new laptop (hopefully, that's soon!) I'll check out your other videos
hey man thanks for making this, im a newbie and I could understand some of these terms better.
Yes, I am new to Linux, been on Jammy for 7 days now from 24 years of Windows, and on a new PC as well. Feeling my way round here, didn't get all this to be lazy, gotta learn and I am absolutely convinced I made the right choice. Best Wishes Always
There was nothing in this video I didn't already know, but I still feel like I understand it just a little better now.
Well, I've learned something! The terminal and shell difference is interesting. I had a hunch that there would be a difference since they're both different words but could not pinpoint why.
It would make sense that the terminal(aka the console screen) is the program that allows you to run other programs by typing text. Meanwhile, the shell is the program _inside_ the terminal that allows you to run other programs!
EXTREMELY-USEFUL VIDEO!
Some of the commands such as cd are not GNU coreutils but instead shell built-in functions, this is something I actually found out about very recently
An isssue I take when discussing command-line things is how we do not delineate between terminal and terminal _emulator._ Terminal emulators are what you use with a display server so you do not need to fall out of X or Wayland to interface via commands. Sometimes, they'll have multiplexing features built into them, similar to if running tmux by itself but using GTK or Qt to do it in a parent window.
A very very needed video, would have shortened my introduction time to Linux by weeks if not months, trying segregate and understand these terms, make a part2 please 👍🏻
i agree on the part two
You and others Linux ytubers made me understand spoken english, so thanks
Great episode and contents.
I use Linux for 6 years now and I know all this stuff, but this is helpful for new users, thanks for the video.
Was handy video. i switched to Gnu/Linux about 2 years ago and even i get confused at times. Was helpful for my old man explaining terms, he helped program the ATM machine codes here in Aotearoa NZ back in the 80's. One term he loves and abuses a bit too much is RTFM.
Read The Friggin Manual!
@@AshtonSnapp Man-Pages!* lol
@@bobbybologna3029 Man is short for Manual!
Flavour is like Ubunut with different DE (user interfaces). But it is the same distribution, Ubuntu in this case. That could be said with all Distribution. Except for Debian, where you can select one or more DE or Window managers when you install. So you have all in the same Flavour.
The strength of X11 is that it also can serve graphics over network, and have this as a core part of X11 since the begining. I used that since around 1986-1988.
Very helpful. Thanks!
I have always seen it as an amazing tool. Not sure why I understood it, however, very interested and we used a lot from a perspective of the kids from the '80s.
Another meaning of TUI is Text User Interface.
Flavor and TUI are new to me, the more you know :)
Thank you !
Liked it!
Great job!
Thank you. I use linux but I still get confused with all the different abbreviations. Doing the linux lords work dt
How do you switch to your main production machine? Are you using hardware KVM?
Great content to democratize Linux jargons to the masses. Fulfilling the mission of educating people so they can explore the great, fantastic Free, so much full of personality OS that GNU/Linux truly is.
Hey DT, I missed the after credit's irony phrase in this piece, please keep saying them.
Hey, DT! at 11:37 you stated some difference b/n bash shell and zsh shell, as zsh can use a syntax highlighting if the command exist or not
but if a new comer tries to install a zsh shell in there system they aren't gonna have the `zsh-syntax-highlighting` plugin installed and enabled by default (at least it wasn't there when i installed it)
so if you could explain to the audience they have to install and enable the plugin on there own that would be great
According to my OS course, the shell is actually much more than just the *command shell* such as bash. They divided the types of software in five main types: firmware which is the software that gets the hardware into an operable state, the OS consisting of mainly privileged kernel providing a hardware-software interface and unprivileged shell providing a software-user interface, drivers which is any hardware-software interface abstraction (or simulation) that can be either part of the OS or not, and then applications, which are the unprivileged programs by which a user (which can be either application or human) interacts with the OS. They especially noted that a graphical display system most definitely is a part of an OS shell, and the term is far older than the interactive terminal command shells, and actually started being used about the switchboards on the outside shell of the room-sized machine by which the programmer entered the program to be loaded very early in the history of computers.
Though to be fair, if you're talking Linux terminology in specific and not OS terminology in general, that hardly is relevant.
great video... thank you so much
What is the advantage of compiling the source code as opposed to running the binaries ? Thank you.
I've been using Linux on and off over 5 years save 2020 having switched 90% to Linux until my pc at the time malfunctioned. Most of what I wanted to do worked great on Linux but there's so much I didn't know the names of therefore I couldn't efficiently search when issues would arise. Knowing specific terms is very helpful!
Do you plan to make this into a series? Thanks for your time!
I have been using linux for 2 years! never heard of TUI.. Thanks dt
I've never heard TUI and have used Linux since 2004.
this video should be pinned on every linux distribution website.....
Fanstastic!
Up next -- some gems from the Jargon File (essentially by E.S.R.)? Lots of stuff pre-dating Linux, but very educational and amusing.
this is perfect for forcing everyone I meet into Linux, thanks
Can you make a video about the benefits of compiling a program?
Not sure if it's something you would cover but since your goal is to help Windows users switch to Linux it would be interesting to see you cover Chocolatey, Scoop and WinGet. They are certainly something that can be used to introduce people to package managers and still useful if you want to dual boot for Windows gaming if needed.
You missed the worlds: uwu, owo, hacking the mainframe, lain.
Great video
Yes im here
Thank you, I have used Linux for 2 years but I don't understand b some terminologies
9:23 had an add for Bulova watch. Started with a song "Fly me to the moon"
Without XOrg all you would have is "Fly me to the moon....."
Some terms i would add: DEs, distro hopping, free and open software, bloat, live USBs and virtualizations for trying systems, RTFM, Richard and Linus, donations and "no Tux no Bucks", DT is not bald (hair is bloat), etc
thanks for sharing i'm running live flash drive w/zorin fun stuff this linux disto
Cheers 🍻
Can you make this kind of videos for xinitrc, xsessions etc.?
The shells on Windows are PowerShell and Command Prompt.
The Desktop Environment on Windows (according to task manager) is Windows Shell Experience.
There was a display server as well but I couldn't find it anymore in the task manager.
My point is that these things are not Linux specific, Windows has them too but on Windows you can't change or configure them so there is no point talking about them.
Very interesting
Do you remember when it was XFree86 kernel 2.4 was out you had make XFree86 for it as there was no GUI.
I picked the wrong package in the AUR when installing Brave. Spent an hour compiling it only to have it crash when it ran out of space on the disk. Installing the binary was a lot simpler.
For big programs, in the AUR always look for "program-name-bin" instead of just "program-name". The "-bin" part means binary. Otherwise, you are probably compiling.
@@DistroTube I know, I just didn't realize how big brave was. I have a rather small partition for my manjaro install since I dual-boot, and Brave filled the 60GBs I had left on the partition.
ive also done this, but it does make me feel like a 1337 haxxor when i compile it like that lol
reminds me of when i started out and didn't know the difference between -git, -bin packages etc.
I've been on Linux for only a few months but x11 and Wayland still confuse me to no end, even after watching this video, best explanation I've seen so far of the interface tho.
When you install arch Linux you load up the iso file on USB and boot into it you will be greeted with nothing but black screen with text, there is only a bash shell. You are expected to install format and partition drives using nothing but your keyboard there is no mouse cursor at all you will have to connect to the internet using a command, and download X11 or wayland with a command and install whatever desktop with a command. Basically X11 and Wayland is what allows you to use a mouse and click things. It is the only way you can do anything graphical like play games or use a browser or have a background image or even images of any kind. If you didn't install X11 or wayland and tried to use a desktop environment you would be met with errors because your PC will have no idea what a GUI even is and only understands text. X11 and/or Wayland translates the pixels so your screen can show images etc... I hope that helps you understand.
@@enrott8560 yes, yes it did, I feel like a veil got lifted. It all made sense when you mentioned they are the ones who translate the pixels. Now I understand why for example it’s hard to share screens on wayland vs x11. Man thank you so much!!
@@ethanrivers4057 you're welcome dude
I would find it helpful if you would define KDE and Gnome as used in this video.
So when is DT Linux coming out?
compiled the ungoogled chromium today... yeah.. that was a FUN time lol
So what's the benefit of choosing a source based distro?
No, DistroTube, it's 'Linux', not 'GNU/Linux'. The most important contributions that the FSF made to Linux were the creation of the GPL and the GCC compiler. Those are fine and inspired products. GCC is a monumental achievement and has earned you, RMS, and the Free Software Foundation countless kudos and much appreciation. Following are some reasons for you to mull over, including some already answered in your FAQ. One guy, Linus Torvalds, used GCC to make his operating system (yes, Linux is an OS -- more on this later). He named it 'Linux' with a little help from his friends. Why doesn't he call it GNU/Linux? Because he wrote it, with more help from his friends, not you. You named your stuff, I named my stuff -- including the software I wrote using GCC -- and Linus named his stuff. The proper name is Linux because Linus Torvalds says so. Linus has spoken. Accept his authority. To do otherwise is to become a nag. You don't want to be known as a nag, do you? (An operating system) != (a distribution). Linux is an operating system. By my definition, an operating system is that software which provides and limits access to hardware resources on a computer. That definition applies whereever you see Linux in use. However, Linux is usually distributed with a collection of utilities and applications to make it easily configurable as a desktop system, a server, a development box, or a graphics workstation, or whatever the user needs. In such a configuration, we have a Linux (based) distribution. Therein lies your strongest argument for the unwieldy title 'GNU/Linux' (when said bundled software is largely from the FSF). Go bug the distribution makers on that one. Take your beef to Red Hat, Mandrake, and Slackware. At least there you have an argument. Linux alone is an operating system that can be used in various applications without any GNU software whatsoever. Embedded applications come to mind as an obvious example.
Next, even if we limit the GNU/Linux title to the GNU-based Linux distributions, we run into another obvious problem. XFree86 may well be more important to a particular Linux installation than the sum of all the GNU contributions. More properly, shouldn't the distribution be called XFree86/Linux? Or, at a minimum, XFree86/GNU/Linux? Of course, it would be rather arbitrary to draw the line there when many other fine contributions go unlisted. Yes, I know you've heard this one before. Get used to it. You'll keep hearing it until you can cleanly counter it.
You seem to like the lines-of-code metric. There are many lines of GNU code in a typical Linux distribution. You seem to suggest that (more LOC) == (more important). However, I submit to you that raw LOC numbers do not directly correlate with importance. I would suggest that clock cycles spent on code is a better metric. For example, if my system spends 90% of its time executing XFree86 code, XFree86 is probably the single most important collection of code on my system. Even if I loaded ten times as many lines of useless bloatware on my system and I never excuted that bloatware, it certainly isn't more important code than XFree86. Obviously, this metric isn't perfect either, but LOC really, really sucks. Please refrain from using it ever again in supporting any argument. Last, I'd like to point out that we Linux and GNU users shouldn't be fighting among ourselves over naming other people's software. But what the heck, I'm in a bad mood now. I think I'm feeling sufficiently obnoxious to make the point that GCC is so very famous and, yes, so very useful only because Linux was developed. In a show of proper respect and gratitude, shouldn't you and everyone refer to GCC as 'the Linux compiler'? Or at least, 'Linux GCC'? Seriously, where would your masterpiece be without Linux? Languishing with the HURD? If there is a moral buried in this rant, maybe it is this: Be grateful for your abilities and your incredible success and your considerable fame. Continue to use that success and fame for good, not evil. Also, be especially grateful for Linux' huge contribution to that success. You, RMS, the Free Software Foundation, and GNU software have reached their current high profiles largely on the back of Linux. You have changed the world. Now, go forth and don't be a nag. Thanks for listening.
When I switched to Linux I thought I had to learn a completely new language 😅
Sudo this, ssh into that, cd here, distro, DE, WM, etc 😅
Can you please do a sequel to this "Jargon for sort-of new users." GTK vs Qt. Gimp vs. Krita. Ganome or Nome ? Custom partition at iso install ? Best USB iso maker. Linux programs you can buy. etc.
DT i am just learning about how to build it from source.Could you tell me a small program, that i could use as a testing program.
PLZ
Try btop by aristocratos on github. There are fairly detailed instructions in the readme for different platforms. Honestly, i u are not on arch compiling through a helper like yay, always read the compile instructions and if not present, create an issue on the repo and the developer will probably spend a few minutes to write it out in the readme. I have random stuff lying around in my git that does not have instructions because i didnt think anyone else was going to use it
will u ever do a single gpu pass-through video
I guess we would have noticed the guy behind DistroTube has been wearing a T-shirt with the logo of EFF _(Electronic Frontier Foundation)_ foundation. That's, I guess, delivered by the foundation themselves, maybe he's been secretly working for them.
wayland is not a display server, it's a protocol that's being used by wayland compositors
What is the zsh theme you are using here?
Edit: looks like the 10k theme but mine does not colorize text/find errors. Share the config with us?
he put his config in his gitlab.
The colorization is provided by a plugin called zsh-syntax-highlighting. A lot of distributions include it in their repositories.
Thanks David and Rizky.
I and 11,918 other viewers are daily Linux user but we're still watching this video
Yes, this is who we are. We're Linux user
I had no idea wayland is fairly new. Been using it for some time without much problems with it.
I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus Linux. Linux is not an operating system unto itself, but rather another free component of a fully functioning GNU system made useful by the GNU corelibs, shell utilities and vital system components comprising a full OS as defined by POSIX.
Many computer users run a modified version of the GNU system every day, without realizing it. Through a peculiar turn of events, the version of GNU which is widely used today is often called "Linux", and many of its users are not aware that it is basically the GNU system, developed by the GNU Project.
There really is a Linux, and these people are using it, but it is just a part of the system they use. Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machine's resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential part of an operating system, but useless by itself; it can only function in the context of a complete operating system. Linux is normally used in combination with the GNU operating system: the whole system is basically GNU with Linux added, or GNU/Linux. All the so-called "Linux" distributions are really distributions of GNU/Linux.
No, Richard, it's 'Linux', not 'GNU/Linux'. The most important contributions that the FSF made to Linux were the creation of the GPL and the GCC compiler. Those are fine and inspired products. GCC is a monumental achievement and has earned you, RMS, and the Free Software Foundation countless kudos and much appreciation.
Following are some reasons for you to mull over, including some already answered in your FAQ.
One guy, Linus Torvalds, used GCC to make his operating system (yes, Linux is an OS -- more on this later). He named it 'Linux' with a little help from his friends. Why doesn't he call it GNU/Linux? Because he wrote it, with more help from his friends, not you. You named your stuff, I named my stuff -- including the software I wrote using GCC -- and Linus named his stuff. The proper name is Linux because Linus Torvalds says so. Linus has spoken. Accept his authority. To do otherwise is to become a nag. You don't want to be known as a nag, do you?
(An operating system) != (a distribution). Linux is an operating system. By my definition, an operating system is that software which provides and limits access to hardware resources on a computer. That definition applies whereever you see Linux in use. However, Linux is usually distributed with a collection of utilities and applications to make it easily configurable as a desktop system, a server, a development box, or a graphics workstation, or whatever the user needs. In such a configuration, we have a Linux (based) distribution. Therein lies your strongest argument for the unwieldy title 'GNU/Linux' (when said bundled software is largely from the FSF). Go bug the distribution makers on that one. Take your beef to Red Hat, Mandrake, and Slackware. At least there you have an argument. Linux alone is an operating system that can be used in various applications without any GNU software whatsoever. Embedded applications come to mind as an obvious example.
Next, even if we limit the GNU/Linux title to the GNU-based Linux distributions, we run into another obvious problem. XFree86 may well be more important to a particular Linux installation than the sum of all the GNU contributions. More properly, shouldn't the distribution be called XFree86/Linux? Or, at a minimum, XFree86/GNU/Linux? Of course, it would be rather arbitrary to draw the line there when many other fine contributions go unlisted. Yes, I know you've heard this one before. Get used to it. You'll keep hearing it until you can cleanly counter it.
You seem to like the lines-of-code metric. There are many lines of GNU code in a typical Linux distribution. You seem to suggest that (more LOC) == (more important). However, I submit to you that raw LOC numbers do not directly correlate with importance. I would suggest that clock cycles spent on code is a better metric. For example, if my system spends 90% of its time executing XFree86 code, XFree86 is probably the single most important collection of code on my system. Even if I loaded ten times as many lines of useless bloatware on my system and I never excuted that bloatware, it certainly isn't more important code than XFree86. Obviously, this metric isn't perfect either, but LOC really, really sucks. Please refrain from using it ever again in supporting any argument.
Last, I'd like to point out that we Linux and GNU users shouldn't be fighting among ourselves over naming other people's software. But what the heck, I'm in a bad mood now. I think I'm feeling sufficiently obnoxious to make the point that GCC is so very famous and, yes, so very useful only because Linux was developed. In a show of proper respect and gratitude, shouldn't you and everyone refer to GCC as 'the Linux compiler'? Or at least, 'Linux GCC'? Seriously, where would your masterpiece be without Linux? Languishing with the HURD?
If there is a moral buried in this rant, maybe it is this:
Be grateful for your abilities and your incredible success and your considerable fame. Continue to use that success and fame for good, not evil. Also, be especially grateful for Linux' huge contribution to that success. You, RMS, the Free Software Foundation, and GNU software have reached their current high profiles largely on the back of Linux. You have changed the world. Now, go forth and don't be a nag.
Thanks for listening.
note that not all gnu systems use the linux kernel, nor does the linux kernel always sustain a gnu userland
oh good I knew most of the terms so I'm not so much a beginner anymore 😅
The video started with GNU/Linux, but there was no mention of everyone's favourite copypasta. Who needs a correct explanation, just drop the copypasta
I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus Linux. Linux is not an operating system unto itself, but rather another free component of a fully functioning GNU system made useful by the GNU corelibs, shell utilities and vital system components comprising a full OS as defined by POSIX.
@@JustAspect22 that's not all of it :)
I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus Linux. Linux is not an operating system unto itself, but rather another free component of a fully functioning GNU system made useful by the GNU corelibs, shell utilities and vital system components comprising a full OS as defined by POSIX.
Many computer users run a modified version of the GNU system every day, without realizing it. Through a peculiar turn of events, the version of GNU which is widely used today is often called "Linux", and many of its users are not aware that it is basically the GNU system, developed by the GNU Project.
There really is a Linux, and these people are using it, but it is just a part of the system they use. Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machine's resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential part of an operating system, but useless by itself; it can only function in the context of a complete operating system. Linux is normally used in combination with the GNU operating system: the whole system is basically GNU with Linux added, or GNU/Linux. All the so-called "Linux" distributions are really distributions of GNU/Linux.
@@ooloncolluphid9975 the rest is not as known as the first sentences
@@JustAspect22 suree but I think the tedious length of it is the actual funny part :D
There is a slight difference between a terminal and a terminal emulator or application buts its just jargon in the end.
I would love to see a very clean distribution called DTux :-D
Must watched tutorial 👍
Noice !
I picked up the name CLI from Cisco.
Originally I was going to skip this video -after a decade on Linux, the jargon is everyday speech for me.
Then I was explaining why Linux is better to a workmate who is thinking about getting a new Windows laptop. Suddenly it seemed like taking a look at how other, more competent, users explain the very same things might be a good idea.
Standing ovations, Derek.