"Frederick II was in a perfect position to charm himself back into the Pope's good graces by retaking Jerusalem himself in 1229." (...) "For retaking the holy city, Pope Gregory excommunicated Frederick a second time and declared him the Antichrist."
I feel like the Crusades are like a movie franchise that keeps on trying to outdo the first one that although successful does have some major problems, and they keep getting worse with every installment.
These episodes are so well done! Thank you. I was discussing this topic the other day and I pieced together some things I heard from the Muslim perspective of the crusades. Baibars, the Mamluk commander, realized that as long as the coastal cities of the Israeli/Palestinian coast were lucrative, crusaders would always try to establish a foothold for their attacks, so his policy was to raze the coastal cities and destroy the fortresses. That utter destruction and sudden population decline in the region is one of the reasons that made it so hard for Jews to establish themselves in large communities in the Holy Land...
King Louis IX was canonized, and is the “Saint Louis” for whom the large American city is named. Barcelona has a “Calle Diputacio” commemorating the event.
Louis also underwent another funny canonization. During the French colonization of North Africa in the 19th century, legends turned up around Carthage to the effect that, instead of dying there, Louis had actually converted to Islam and become the marabout known as Sidi Bou Saïd.
@@SamAronow Oh THAT's the Louis San Luis Rey is named after! I'd just assumed that since it was dedicated in 1798, it was named after Louis XVI as a middle finger to the French Republic. Hello from Oceanside, btw!
You mentioned that the Europe-based Jews didn't move to Jerusalem after the Crusaders were defeated. What was the "immigration policy" of the ruling Mamelukes and latter Ottomans? Could Jews have moved without limit to the Land during the 13th -19th centuries without getting turned away by the ruling empire? (From what I read about the 1492 Spanish expulsion, Jews were welcomed into some parts of the Ottoman Empire but not to Eretz Yisrael.)
That was a development of the 14th century; Jews were still allowed to settle in Mamluk lands, but economic decline and increased discrimination/violence made it unappealing. I'll be sure to come back to this when we get to the Ottoman conquest.
Brought the nuance to the next level! The intricacies and nuances of this video is what is really needed to effectively bring across the twists & turns of the times, the political chaos (behold those maps!) of the medieval Mediterranean and all in the manner of a first rate scholar of history. The music adds the right vim and verve of drama, enticing the audience to become emotionally invested. Especially when considering this and other recent Sam Aronow videos: history and religion teachers take note in considering such a video series as part of the "required reading" of any good curriculum [especially for a 'distance learning' class].
Such tremendous sadness… our past directly impacts our present and our future but it is so terribly sad to hear all of the calamities that have happened.
סרטון מעולה כרגיל. אך יש לי קצת בעיה עם הסוף. אתה מציג את הרמב״ם במישהו שלא עודד עלייה לארץ ישראל כאשר למעשה הוא אמר בכמה מקומות שזאת מצווה גדולה ליהודי לגור אפילו העיר נוכרית בארץ מאשר בעיר יהודית בגולה. או שאתה טוען שלא היה ניסיון לעלייה המונית, כאשר למעשה כן היה ניסיון כזה על ידי המהר"ם מרוטנבורג שסוכל על ידי קיסר האימפריה הרומית הקדושה
@Sam Aronow Can you expand upon when exactly diaspora rabbis defacto dropped the idea of re-establishing Zion until the Messiah arrives? You mentioned the Rambam in this video. Was he the first or final authority on the matter? I recall that it was as late as the 6th century when some Jews were still trying to rebuild the Temple right before the Muslims arrived. Another idea was that rabbinic Judaism was so traumatized by the Roman thrashings of the first and second century Jewish rebellions that they adopted a sort of Jewish "quietism", but that couldn't have been a lesson derived in the first few centuries after the losses, otherwise no one would have tried again up until the 6th century.
The Rambam was very much of the opinion that making aliyah was a mitzvah; as pointed out by another commenter (in Hebrew), he stated that it was better as a Jew to live surrounded by gentiles in the Land of Israel than surrounded by Jews in diaspora. But at a certain point, the idea of the land as the center of Jewish culture in the presence was no longer realistic and, as you say, a certain quietism evolved- the messiah would take care of it and anything that happened before that was part of God's plan. The Rambam's influence on conversos returning to Judaism would end up contributing greatly to the rise of secularism and start to eat away at that quietist orthodoxy, in contrast to the contemporaneous massacres and messianic mania seizing Eastern Europe, but I am not remotely ready to delve into the 17th century yet.
I wouldn't concluded that like that .during the Mamluk period 1265-15176 there were significant movements of Jews to the land of Israel despite the terrible condition of the land and the legal limitation on jews on the roads ,as we see a big Ashkenazi community in Jerusalem right before the 16 century .we can also count the jews that came from Poland( Binshtok)and the many that came from France in the 14 century .
You mentioned the Dome of the Rock in this video. So between the uncompleted third temple and the crusades when did the Muslims claim the Temple Mount and the rock as their own and build a mosque?
@@SamAronow Just another big question... Why wasn't there any mass migration of Jews to India, China and the far east despite Jews having trade settlements here considering the persecution in Europe and Arab countries?
Well, it's not as if India was the *only* place that was safe/prosperous for Jews at any given time. Besides, one doesn't need to permanently live in a place to enjoy the benefits of trade with that place. Those places were far away, and it took a great effort in the age of sail to move an entire community.
Is there going to be an episode about Sephardic Jews in the Ottoman Empire? I remember reading in college how after the expulsion from Spain a number of wealthy Sephardic Jews sponsored communities, businesses and religious institutions in Israel/Palestine.
Catholicism at its most hypocritical low point. I'm pretty sure a certain first century, peace and love preaching, rabbi would have not approved. I agree: bunch of religious fanatics. A cautionary tale in that it should be remembered so as to not be repeated. To that end I'm glad that Sam does these videos and I'm dismayed that they aren't "required reading" for students.
@@chimera9818 Catholicism at its most hypocritical low point. I'm pretty sure a certain first century, peace and love preaching, rabbi would have not approved. I agree: bunch of religious fanatics. A cautionary tale in that it should be remembered so as to not be repeated. To that end I'm glad that Sam does these videos and I'm dismayed that they aren't "required reading" for students.
![Casimir's Gift: How the Jews Came to Poland (966-1370) [feat. History House Productions]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/-r7dLQi_nEE/mqdefault.jpg)
![Casimir's Gift: How the Jews Came to Poland (966-1370) [feat. History House Productions]](/img/tr.png)
I knew it was coming because of the time period but the "We need to acknowledge that Persia no longer exists" absolutely *gutted* me.
The majority of the original Jews are in Iran
“At this point we need to acknowledge Persia no longer exists”
Me, a fan of Persia 😔😔😔
"Frederick II was in a perfect position to charm himself back into the Pope's good graces by retaking Jerusalem himself in 1229."
(...)
"For retaking the holy city, Pope Gregory excommunicated Frederick a second time and declared him the Antichrist."
Welp
That didn’t work
The bucket reference made me smile and the ending made me excited. 😀
"THEY DON'T KNOW HOW TO USE AN ARTESIAN WELL!"
I feel like the Crusades are like a movie franchise that keeps on trying to outdo the first one that although successful does have some major problems, and they keep getting worse with every installment.
These episodes are so well done! Thank you. I was discussing this topic the other day and I pieced together some things I heard from the Muslim perspective of the crusades. Baibars, the Mamluk commander, realized that as long as the coastal cities of the Israeli/Palestinian coast were lucrative, crusaders would always try to establish a foothold for their attacks, so his policy was to raze the coastal cities and destroy the fortresses. That utter destruction and sudden population decline in the region is one of the reasons that made it so hard for Jews to establish themselves in large communities in the Holy Land...
How this channel has no larger audience is beyond me... He deserves 1M subscriptions.
The way you tell this history in the form of a story is absolutly incredible and interesting. Great work!
Is this in collaboration with Hikma history?
You are so good and very much needed! Love your stuff!
King Louis IX was canonized, and is the “Saint Louis” for whom the large American city is named.
Barcelona has a “Calle Diputacio” commemorating the event.
And Oceanside, California, formerly San Luis Rey.
Louis also underwent another funny canonization. During the French colonization of North Africa in the 19th century, legends turned up around Carthage to the effect that, instead of dying there, Louis had actually converted to Islam and become the marabout known as Sidi Bou Saïd.
@@SamAronow Oh THAT's the Louis San Luis Rey is named after! I'd just assumed that since it was dedicated in 1798, it was named after Louis XVI as a middle finger to the French Republic.
Hello from Oceanside, btw!
2:53
Haha! The bucket war!
ua-cam.com/video/Q0dJNY32e2g/v-deo.html
I couldn't believe you are able to draw this atrocious map...
ngl, I expected klezmer music when you panned over to Poland
Your videos are wonderful! 🤗
You mentioned that the Europe-based Jews didn't move to Jerusalem after the Crusaders were defeated. What was the "immigration policy" of the ruling Mamelukes and latter Ottomans? Could Jews have moved without limit to the Land during the 13th -19th centuries without getting turned away by the ruling empire? (From what I read about the 1492 Spanish expulsion, Jews were welcomed into some parts of the Ottoman Empire but not to Eretz Yisrael.)
That was a development of the 14th century; Jews were still allowed to settle in Mamluk lands, but economic decline and increased discrimination/violence made it unappealing. I'll be sure to come back to this when we get to the Ottoman conquest.
How many crusades does it take to retake the holy land?
Wonderful and informative video as usual
You deserve more views, Sam Aronow
Brought the nuance to the next level! The intricacies and nuances of this video is what is really needed to effectively bring across the twists & turns of the times, the political chaos (behold those maps!) of the medieval Mediterranean and all in the manner of a first rate scholar of history. The music adds the right vim and verve of drama, enticing the audience to become emotionally invested. Especially when considering this and other recent Sam Aronow videos: history and religion teachers take note in considering such a video series as part of the "required reading" of any good curriculum [especially for a 'distance learning' class].
THank you for mentioning the bucket!!!!
Such tremendous sadness… our past directly impacts our present and our future but it is so terribly sad to hear all of the calamities that have happened.
Let's go eastern Ashkenazi time💪🏻💪🏻💪🏻
סרטון מעולה כרגיל.
אך יש לי קצת בעיה עם הסוף. אתה מציג את הרמב״ם במישהו שלא עודד עלייה לארץ ישראל כאשר למעשה הוא אמר בכמה מקומות שזאת מצווה גדולה ליהודי לגור אפילו העיר נוכרית בארץ מאשר בעיר יהודית בגולה.
או שאתה טוען שלא היה ניסיון לעלייה המונית, כאשר למעשה כן היה ניסיון כזה על ידי המהר"ם מרוטנבורג שסוכל על ידי קיסר האימפריה הרומית הקדושה
תודה! אחזור לזה בסרטון הסיכום.
is it bad that i only associate the Ramban with HaYehudim Baim?
Maybe? One of my greatest frustrations living in Israel is that, not having grown up here, I don't know what people are taught in school.
@Sam Aronow Can you expand upon when exactly diaspora rabbis defacto dropped the idea of re-establishing Zion until the Messiah arrives? You mentioned the Rambam in this video. Was he the first or final authority on the matter? I recall that it was as late as the 6th century when some Jews were still trying to rebuild the Temple right before the Muslims arrived. Another idea was that rabbinic Judaism was so traumatized by the Roman thrashings of the first and second century Jewish rebellions that they adopted a sort of Jewish "quietism", but that couldn't have been a lesson derived in the first few centuries after the losses, otherwise no one would have tried again up until the 6th century.
The Rambam was very much of the opinion that making aliyah was a mitzvah; as pointed out by another commenter (in Hebrew), he stated that it was better as a Jew to live surrounded by gentiles in the Land of Israel than surrounded by Jews in diaspora. But at a certain point, the idea of the land as the center of Jewish culture in the presence was no longer realistic and, as you say, a certain quietism evolved- the messiah would take care of it and anything that happened before that was part of God's plan.
The Rambam's influence on conversos returning to Judaism would end up contributing greatly to the rise of secularism and start to eat away at that quietist orthodoxy, in contrast to the contemporaneous massacres and messianic mania seizing Eastern Europe, but I am not remotely ready to delve into the 17th century yet.
@@SamAronow Thank you for the explanation. Looking forward to learning more!
2:52 wasn't expecting an Oversimplified reference
2:47 MY EYES! This is is too much border gore for me to handle.
How can u just have 5700 abbos, it deserves way more
So interesting! I always wondered why Jews didn't simply return to the land of Israel
In regards to dueling, "An armed society is a polite society. Manners are good when one may have to back up his acts with his life."
I always wondered why the Mongols didn't take over Egypt aswell. And now I know. In a Jewish history series lol
I wouldn't concluded that like that .during the Mamluk period 1265-15176 there were significant movements of Jews to the land of Israel despite the terrible condition of the land and the legal limitation on jews on the roads ,as we see a big Ashkenazi community in Jerusalem right before the 16 century .we can also count the jews that came from Poland( Binshtok)and the many that came from France in the 14 century .
8:29 yeaaah about that..😬
In the modern era, outside the walls still counts as part of the city.
Great series. Any chance of dropping the music background. It's unnecessary - the facts are enthralling. And it's distracting. Why have it!?
You mentioned the Dome of the Rock in this video. So between the uncompleted third temple and the crusades when did the Muslims claim the Temple Mount and the rock as their own and build a mosque?
ua-cam.com/video/UI9RIzNe-tM/v-deo.html
@@SamAronow Just another big question... Why wasn't there any mass migration of Jews to India, China and the far east despite Jews having trade settlements here considering the persecution in Europe and Arab countries?
Well, it's not as if India was the *only* place that was safe/prosperous for Jews at any given time. Besides, one doesn't need to permanently live in a place to enjoy the benefits of trade with that place. Those places were far away, and it took a great effort in the age of sail to move an entire community.
Is there going to be an episode about Sephardic Jews in the Ottoman Empire? I remember reading in college how after the expulsion from Spain a number of wealthy Sephardic Jews sponsored communities, businesses and religious institutions in Israel/Palestine.
Preste John Washington the King of Etiópia. The Portuguese looked for him during maritime expansion.
Oh man ... Persia no longer exists??
What map making software do you use?
Are you sure the Egyptians and Crusaders used cannons against the Mongols in the mid 13th century? I mean, are you REALLY, REALLY sure?
Oh boy!
I thought the Mongols had the cannons at Ain Jalut?
great episode! recap video next week?
Nah, I decided a while back to go ahead with the rest of the unit because the next video will be a crossover.
@@SamAronow so from now until rabbi Yosef Karo and the Ariza"l?
@@Yitzhak480 They're actually the first episode of the Early Modern unit, but yeah, it'll be a long recap.
@@SamAronow good luck!
11:37 how did it collapse into the sea exactly?
Kinda crazy just how incompetent the crusaders were
Catholicism at its most hypocritical low point. I'm pretty sure a certain first century, peace and love preaching, rabbi would have not approved. I agree: bunch of religious fanatics. A cautionary tale in that it should be remembered so as to not be repeated. To that end I'm glad that Sam does these videos and I'm dismayed that they aren't "required reading" for students.
@@chimera9818 Catholicism at its most hypocritical low point. I'm pretty sure a certain first century, peace and love preaching, rabbi would have not approved. I agree: bunch of religious fanatics. A cautionary tale in that it should be remembered so as to not be repeated. To that end I'm glad that Sam does these videos and I'm dismayed that they aren't "required reading" for students.
i know it's a weird question but i wanted to ask: was there a yeshiva in Jerusalem between Raban-Jhon ben Zacai's yeshiva and the Ramban's yeshiva?
Probably between the original Islamic conquest and the First Crusade.
@@SamAronow but not of a important raby we know about?
@@SamAronow Thank you!
@@SamAronow Hi
@@SamAronow is hades of Hebrew origin called Horon
So, what happened to the Jews in Persia and Mesopotamia when the Mongols conquered those regions?
You can find out when I cover that very topic later this summer!
thank you for calling the roman empire the roman empire.
Anybody else in the "jewish history" area of UA-cam?
I like it. I might stay here.