What is a gene?

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  • Опубліковано 28 вер 2024

КОМЕНТАРІ • 1 тис.

  • @Sanjay-vu3vb
    @Sanjay-vu3vb 5 років тому +260

    What exactly is a Gene?
    --> A Gene is a special stretch of DNA not the entire strand of DNA just a segment that codes for something.
    -->Each Gene is like a unique recipe which usually tells the cells how to make protein or a group of proteins.
    -->Different creatures have different genes but all genes are written in the same basic DNA language of A's,C's,T's and G's.

  • @jaydogg3491
    @jaydogg3491 9 років тому +492

    My biology teacher once told me:
    "The nucleus of a cell is like your local library, it contains and houses all the books and information you will ever need. The DNA is like the reference section of the library, you are not allowed to remove any of the reference books from the building, as the librarians don't want these irreplaceable books lost or damaged. However you are allowed to "photocopy" the pages to use the information, as whats the point in having information you can not use. Once you have "photocopied" the information you need, you can then use this information for what ever purpose."
    The "photocopies of the reference book" represent the mRNA transcripted from the DNA. The mRNA then travels outside the nucleus to be translated by a ribosome to create the protein the mRNA encodes for. This is done by connecting amino acids together in chains. The protein created is then exported out the cell to be used for its function.
    This is a very simplified version of the entire transcription and translation process. I am happy to answer any questions I am capable of, and give a slightly more in depth overview if asked for. But what my biology teacher told me, helped me understand the overall process, and i think is a very clear and clever analogy.
    Great vid by the way.

    • @apexpredators2753
      @apexpredators2753 4 роки тому +10

      Jay dogg who would read this long comment

    • @fatimaattia9059
      @fatimaattia9059 4 роки тому +32

      Jay dogg This is Amazing
      Thank you for sharing it

    • @pokerface1036
      @pokerface1036 4 роки тому +9

      Hi, thank you for sharing such relevant information, I just have a question but I may be a little too late to ask since your comment is 4 years old, but is there any difference between RNA and genes? Are they the same, and if not what's their main difference

    • @manh385
      @manh385 4 роки тому +3

      Is life is came from a DNA through RNA

    • @nSackStyles
      @nSackStyles 4 роки тому +4

      Can I have your email mate? I've started studying Biology very recently and get plenty of doubts. I'd love to contact you and ask some questions.

  • @nikhilsharma-jx7zw
    @nikhilsharma-jx7zw 5 років тому +53

    A complex thing explained simply in a 4 minute video
    LOVELY!!

  • @tictock700
    @tictock700 10 років тому +12

    These videos are actually making sense to me, they're making learning fun because it's so easy to understand. I hope to see more videos soon!

  • @alexandersen4888
    @alexandersen4888 5 років тому +2

    One of the best explanations I've encountered. You guys are undoubtedly aware that the brain best recalls the first and last, and in that way you summerise it all in a clear language at the end. Thank you!

  • @boerbean
    @boerbean 8 років тому +1

    Simple, concise, well constructed and amazing description of DNA-Outstanding- Biology teacher for 32 years

  • @geraldineconnell534
    @geraldineconnell534 4 роки тому

    Just showed some Stated Clearly videos to my 6 year old grandchildren and they were fascinated! Well done on making those difficult subjects understandable for kids!

  • @EpicFailGirlie
    @EpicFailGirlie 11 років тому +11

    you've made my biology life so much easier :) thank you for explaining it so well!

  • @twistzzzz3879
    @twistzzzz3879 2 роки тому +3

    who have test tommorow?

  • @pjoseac
    @pjoseac 11 років тому +6

    This is freaking awesome! respect from Ecuador my friend, you´re doing a GREAT JOB! keep it up!

  • @rohankumarshah5679
    @rohankumarshah5679 4 роки тому +1

    Your explanation is very well understood more than from a textbook.
    Thanks 😁😊

  • @yusefendure
    @yusefendure 6 років тому +1

    I'm hooked! Kids who like science will LOVE these videos! Great job!!

  • @pablozetina4142
    @pablozetina4142 7 років тому +4

    Great videos, I love them! Can you please post a video to explain CRISPR? Thanks!

  • @WorthlessWinner
    @WorthlessWinner 11 років тому

    /continued/
    The ribosomes recognizes certain letters as 'start reading now' signals, using basic chemistry. This is a simplification but it's broadly valid - some bits of the ribosome chemically bind to some specific bits of nucleic acid it reads. It then accepts amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) that are connected to 3 special letters of nucleic acid into it. If the 3 letters bind the nucleic acid, the amino acid is released and quickly binds to the growing protein.

  • @jacquelineluke5986
    @jacquelineluke5986 10 років тому

    Nice video. I'm using it as a basic refresher to open my lecture tomorrow.

  • @WorthlessWinner
    @WorthlessWinner 11 років тому

    /continued/
    You can (and often have to) modify the genes when you insert them into the host you want to express them. You may have to add an on/off switch that works in the host; plants and animals often use different switches for that.
    Most proteins are made of discreet subunits, each with a specific function. You can even add individual subunits to another gene so a protein gains a new function; adding a 'tag' so you can see where it is for example.

  • @wotsitalabowt
    @wotsitalabowt 8 років тому +3

    Fantastically clear explanation, remit achieved, thank you. It amazes me that these sequences successfully instruct molecules to get to work. It almost seems that the DNA sequences and the protein-building molecules are capable of independent thought! I'm guessing that's not actually the case, but do you know the process by which they apparently understand what job they are meant to be doing?

    • @KohuGaly
      @KohuGaly 8 років тому

      The individual parts in the process are absolutely clueless about the big picture. It just happens to be that those parts which do better job are more likely to get passed on than those who do crappy job.

    • @essentialsofbiology1643
      @essentialsofbiology1643 6 років тому

      The molecules communicate with each other by touch. Each one has a characteristic shape, and fits together with certain other molecules like puzzle pieces. This 'touch and fit' also involves static cling: many molecules have numerous charged parts that attract opposite charge.
      Imagine running around blindfolded, wearing patches of velcro hooks and/or loops on various parts of your body, in a huge crowd of blindfolded people, all similarly attired with variously patterned velcro suits, and all in a big hurry. After many collisions, you would find someone that you stick to particularly well. This works fine in cells, where each molecule collides with other molecules about a billion times per second.
      The other ability that allows protein molecules to act 'intelligently' is that each can flip between two or three different functional shapes. This allows other molecules to flip them 'on' or 'off.'

  • @newfie-dean5803
    @newfie-dean5803 5 років тому

    This one is a little confusing at 0:23 as it shows the DNA split apart but then it makes it look as though A interlocks with C and T interlocks with G. As you know, A combines with T and C with G, so it would have been clearer to have the 4 nucleotides displayed in the same sequence that they’re in on top of the ladder, with the red and blue together on top and then the yellow and green on bottom.

  • @MooMooMath
    @MooMooMath 7 років тому

    Great video. Shared it on pinterest

  • @imssyiscool
    @imssyiscool 11 років тому +5

    Really good! Thanks a lot, (: And your voice is nice!

  • @bumblebeeeoptimus
    @bumblebeeeoptimus 7 років тому

    why didn't I know this videos back when I was at school? they would have been so useful!!

  • @theresafoster9245
    @theresafoster9245 8 років тому

    You're videos make way more sense then my biology teacher. They're very helpful for studying for tests!

  • @icybawss3801
    @icybawss3801 3 роки тому +2

    Hi Mrs.A
    (like so my teacher will see)

  • @noeldenny1996gmailcom
    @noeldenny1996gmailcom 6 років тому

    You guys seriously need to make more of these! This information is incredible and its

  • @starmoonz33
    @starmoonz33 4 роки тому

    your videos are really helping with my virtual learning sitch thank you :)

  • @KVKBaraniPrasath
    @KVKBaraniPrasath 8 років тому +3

    Literally stated clearly . . . Quality presentation :)

  • @Theicemonkeyjr
    @Theicemonkeyjr 10 років тому

    This channel is fantastic, helps me understand science!

  • @Xnerdz1
    @Xnerdz1 11 років тому

    If only I had these little videos back then in my biology class...

  • @Ssquire11
    @Ssquire11 11 років тому

    AMAZING thank you. Finally someone clearly states things!! IT takes extreme talent to express something simple like that.

  • @patriciabell-williams7847
    @patriciabell-williams7847 3 роки тому

    This is very clear and informative. Thanks

  • @WorthlessWinner
    @WorthlessWinner 11 років тому

    This confused me for a long time until I remembered the DNA isn't the only thing that goes into the daughter cell when it divides; the cytoplasm (the juice inside the cell) goes into the 2 daughters as well. This contains the little machines that read the DNA (ribosomes) including the genes that encode them!
    Ribosomes work because each letter in DNA selectively binds one of the other letters. Amino acids (which make proteins) are bound to 3 letters that bind specifically to 3 other letters

  • @ishalohana750
    @ishalohana750 6 років тому

    2 years ago i saw this video and i didn't get anything but today i saw it again and i got everything thanks to God i can see improvement in myself 😊😊

  • @maithanhphong4089
    @maithanhphong4089 8 років тому

    Very useful, keep making more VD bro, thanks

  • @WorthlessWinner
    @WorthlessWinner 11 років тому

    /continued/
    Each of the letters in DNA weakly chemically binds 1 of the other letters. The amino acids that build up proteins float around the cell connected to little RNA molecules (like DNA only single stranded) that have 3 special letters. If this RNA enters the ribosome and these letters chemically bond to the letters on the DNA (not to get too complicated but they actually bind a single stranded RNA, copied from the DNA by another machine) then it will add it's amino acid to the protein.

  • @bennguyen1313
    @bennguyen1313 6 років тому

    At the 1m10s mark, how was it determined where one gene ends and another begins? i.e. each gene length? According to Jennifer Doudna, the CRISPR/CAS9 protein requires a 20 nucleotide RNA sequence to uniquely define a section of DNA.
    Also I dug the part (3m35s mark) about how we can get bacteria to create our protein-chain (peptide hormone) insulin!

  • @mariosuito9371
    @mariosuito9371 9 років тому

    Dude could you make a vid about the mendelian laws ( rules?) and all that stuff ? Would really apreciate it!! Shoutout from Peru!!

  • @alfonsocarcamo5655
    @alfonsocarcamo5655 10 років тому

    Introductory yet enlightening! Thanks! I have subscribed.

  • @guptaachin
    @guptaachin 8 років тому

    Very very good. Complexity untangled.

  • @kl.7333
    @kl.7333 6 років тому +3

    I was forced to watch this and I think i’m more blind

    • @ginyu5009
      @ginyu5009 5 років тому

      judging be your profile picture you're a 9 years old

    • @ginyu5009
      @ginyu5009 5 років тому

      @@rodrigolinscaldas3305 oh we have an intellectual

  • @akashd443
    @akashd443 10 років тому +2

    plz upload more videos.......
    on genetics, their principles &etc

  • @stephens2663
    @stephens2663 8 років тому +68

    look its harambe

    • @nazek_8611
      @nazek_8611 8 років тому +6

      always in our hearts

    • @zachariahspringett6608
      @zachariahspringett6608 7 років тому +1

      #dicksoutforharambe

    • @SamMito28
      @SamMito28 7 років тому +1

      fuck i was going to make a joke about harambe but if i did it now people would say i copied from you

    • @yusufgulied5295
      @yusufgulied5295 7 років тому

      This videos are to lit

    • @Andrew-ko3ke
      @Andrew-ko3ke 6 років тому

      We can make harambe

  • @ArpanaTimalsina
    @ArpanaTimalsina 10 років тому

    wow........cleared so many doubts and questions that was running in my head while reading GENETICS...thanx a tonne...brilliant...so nicely stated and animated,....thanx...! ! ! :) :) :)

  • @allison8043
    @allison8043 3 роки тому

    BESTIE IM AT SCHOOL WATHCING THIS VIDEO, THANK YOU BESTIE.

  • @TheOli2012
    @TheOli2012 8 років тому +6

    HARAMBE 0:48

  • @carriedollar9877
    @carriedollar9877 8 років тому +47

    What's with the "supposedly" on the gmo corn? Science is based on evidence, not belief. Whether people like it or not, the evidence shows that gmo corn is just as safe for human consumption as any other corn. Please do NOT make a science video then interject the science with your personal belief. Now, you could have said that corn monoculture is of scientific concern, because there is evidence that agricultural monoculture can lead to famine.

    • @StatedClearly
      @StatedClearly  8 років тому +48

      +carrie dollar ah, you noticed that, huh? This video was written before I had science advisors working with me. At the time there were concerns being raised by Bill Nye on the issue which was what inspired the wording. If we end up finding funding to make Stated Clearly a full time gig, this is one of the videos that will get reworked.

    • @aniyeats
      @aniyeats 8 років тому +5

      I noticed that too. Thanks for clarifying

    • @gumdropz8018
      @gumdropz8018 8 років тому +16

      Lmao chill

    • @PatrickRyan147
      @PatrickRyan147 8 років тому +38

      Imo, the use of the word "supposedly" is warranted here.. This is a relatively new technology so we are not 100% sure if it is entirely safe for us or not.. Only time will tell my fellow guinea pigs : )

    • @davidschmidt6013
      @davidschmidt6013 7 років тому +13

      As Patrick says, it's too early to be totally sure, despite what your hoped-for corporate sponsors at humanitarian organizations like Monsanto tell you. In the interest of intellectual integrity, you need to use AND KEEP the word 'supposedly' right where it is.

  • @derbridderlechkeetvunwoure2493
    @derbridderlechkeetvunwoure2493 7 років тому

    A little bit of thinking here.Genes aren't really the basic units of information in the world, but protons are. The number of protons determine the identity of an atom and atoms determine molecules. Molecules in turn make up the identity of DNA & RNA strands.Remove an electron or neutron from something; it doesn't affect it much. But remove a proton from it and everything crumbles down....

  • @EFGteamsup
    @EFGteamsup 9 років тому +7

    i studied this in highschool: verry interesting. While americans still learn creationism i learned evolution and genetechnology

    • @cortster12
      @cortster12 9 років тому +5

      emiel teamsup We don't learn creationism in school here. Sadly, our parents do teach us this.

    • @EFGteamsup
      @EFGteamsup 9 років тому +3

      cortster12 the problem with america is that there is not a good school system, some teach creationism and others both and others evolution, it is so rediculous it gets me angry

    • @cortster12
      @cortster12 9 років тому +2

      emiel teamsup I have never heard of a school, other than private christian schools, that actually teach religion in school. none. The school system sucks, don't get me wrong, but it isn't that bad... at least, not in Washington State it isn't.

    • @EFGteamsup
      @EFGteamsup 9 років тому +3

      cortster12 lol, .... there even are universities/schools who expelled/banned students for starting an atheist group... (like a music group or game group)

    • @cortster12
      @cortster12 9 років тому +7

      emiel teamsup That's weird as hell. Those universities need to fire their staff.

  • @RishiGangoly
    @RishiGangoly 8 років тому

    Very nicely explained. Love you guys for creating these videos.

  • @MixerPultXxX
    @MixerPultXxX 9 років тому +1

    This was really, really helpfull! Please keep up the good work.

  • @chettlematthew6293
    @chettlematthew6293 11 років тому

    I wish textbooks would be more like this

  • @greenbrain8725
    @greenbrain8725 Рік тому

    Stated very clearly. Thanks!

  • @CIRCLEOF4TRESS
    @CIRCLEOF4TRESS 3 роки тому

    Very clearly explained 😊.

  • @davidkrowa4153
    @davidkrowa4153 11 років тому

    0:25 all i needed most other sources talked about what a gene dose and what DNA is and chromosomes and all i wanted to know specifically what a gene is, thanks

  • @rheawaghray3292
    @rheawaghray3292 9 років тому

    Thank you for the information on DNA and genes. Its interesting to know that all living things are somewhat related by a basic 'code'. Keep making more video's, they are very informative. (;.

  • @tiwariraj
    @tiwariraj 5 років тому

    Great stuff..very easy and interesting, this means that you guys put great effort.. impressive

  • @mariosuito9371
    @mariosuito9371 9 років тому

    Awsome animations, keep the vids comin brotha!!!

  • @Brooke.ThaKidd
    @Brooke.ThaKidd 6 років тому

    thank you Jon Perry u really just help understand science keep doin wat u r doin and you'll be great :)

  • @WorthlessWinner
    @WorthlessWinner 11 років тому

    A lot of colleges (Berkley, Yale, Standford, MIT, etc) put their lecture series online. Bozeman biology and crash course biology are both good sets of videos on the topic if you want to learn more about it without books. I'm a terrible reader so love watching stuff like this when i feel like learning!
    Hope you did well in your finals :S
    That you passed them doesn't mean you have to stop learning though, so many resources are online to learn from if you want it :P

  • @TheTeacherWin
    @TheTeacherWin 11 років тому

    Very informative and clear!
    btw: what software did you use to make this?

  • @creativityhub1350
    @creativityhub1350 6 років тому

    What happened to the sound quality? It seems to have diminished. Are these new versions?

  • @Mtbtris9721
    @Mtbtris9721 8 років тому

    thanks you help me with my homework

  • @shekhy123
    @shekhy123 10 років тому

    Great !!! Can you make videos on genetic modification and how genes and cloning are related. other topics are evolutionary biology, neurophysiology and similar new disciplines/

  • @WorthlessWinner
    @WorthlessWinner 11 років тому

    /continued 3/
    I see why they left these details out! It's complicated and possibly confusing. I hope i explained it OK but if not, check videos on translation and transcription, they will explain it better!
    In short, RNA is not part of the DNA. A different little machine reads a 'start making RNA now' sequence on the DNA and makes a little 'messenger' RNA copy of the DNA, which is then read into protein. A gene is technically defined as a section of DNA that codes for 1 RNA (and thus 1 protein)

  • @ahmedalsherbini276
    @ahmedalsherbini276 9 років тому

    an awesome explanation Thanks

  • @ThinkScience7
    @ThinkScience7 4 роки тому

    You just need to be in a correct place
    to know that science is amazing

  • @tampaflorida33610
    @tampaflorida33610 8 років тому

    you are great !!! keep up the good work, because other students benefit from it !

  • @extraterrestrial7424
    @extraterrestrial7424 Рік тому

    So those RNA copies that go from the nucleus to cytoplasm for rybosomes to make proteins from aminoacids, those are always segmented at exactly the gene boundaries? In other words, the "copy machine" works on a gene level?

  • @SolaScriptura49
    @SolaScriptura49 10 років тому

    Well done sir!!

  • @johnpegus
    @johnpegus 11 років тому

    Veryyyy good job!! keep on the good job!!!

  • @vigneshkumar8210
    @vigneshkumar8210 6 років тому

    awesome video guy explained it beautifully awesome

  • @WorthlessWinner
    @WorthlessWinner 11 років тому

    /continued 3/
    The way genes coooperate with other genes to make things like fins and wings and only work at specific times in development mean making a 'half fish' or a 'half bird' would be especially hard and not that useful compared to curing (specific forms of) cancer or blindness.

  • @priceaka13
    @priceaka13 9 років тому +1

    Remember what makes your physical characteristics are not the genes but the Alleles on that gene. Example Gene for height the Allele is short or tall

    • @Evello37
      @Evello37 9 років тому

      +Price Chinedum An allele is just a specific variation of a gene, so it's still accurate to just say that your genes determine your characteristics (though the new field of epigenetics is demonstrating that things are far, FAR more complicated than gene -> trait). The term allele has more use when comparing between versions of the same gene.

  • @YumfyDan
    @YumfyDan 8 років тому

    Very well done.

  • @grumpusrumpus
    @grumpusrumpus 10 років тому

    Wow thanks for the vey informative and fun videos. I was an average high school student, didn't do well in chemistry or so much as take a biology class but I always knew something was innate, or going on inside of us that influenced our behavior and physical traits e.g.homosexuality...I am a blue collarworker who likes to learn how stuff works in nature lol...looking forward to more simplified easy to grasp and hold onto info!

    • @roberttwyman432
      @roberttwyman432 4 роки тому

      There are lots of things going on inside of us that affect us but its hard to see how homosexuality could be an inherritable genetic trait. If it were, surely the frequency of the gene or genes responsible would have been lost from the population over time through lower rates of homosexual procreation in contrast with higher heterosexual procreation rates.

  • @gerardocaldera
    @gerardocaldera 7 років тому

    Great video! From memory I recall: A=Adenine, C=Citosinem T=Timinem G=Guanine, Isn'it? ;) Regards

  • @Karim-Salib
    @Karim-Salib 12 років тому

    Keep posting videos!!!!

  • @CamiloSanchez1979
    @CamiloSanchez1979 11 років тому

    Your videos are great, I hope you get funded

  • @bifurioussiren
    @bifurioussiren 4 роки тому

    thank you for these videos 💚

  • @sk1ller62
    @sk1ller62 5 років тому +1

    I was finding for gene shinozaki

  • @YouWillBeFine
    @YouWillBeFine 11 років тому

    please upload more videos i am understanding

  • @Kickboxingaro91
    @Kickboxingaro91 10 років тому

    Thank you for this videos ! Great Job !

  • @oscarmendezSkinCare
    @oscarmendezSkinCare 9 років тому

    thank you for sharing.

  • @azmiarachaudary7701
    @azmiarachaudary7701 8 років тому

    More videos on other science topics plz

  • @matt7249
    @matt7249 8 років тому

    very helpful keep making vids please

  • @leadersofthenewschool
    @leadersofthenewschool 7 років тому

    Love this channel!!!

  • @gabrielavazquez9433
    @gabrielavazquez9433 7 років тому

    Hi there! This video is awesome. I'd like to dub it to Spanish. Is there a way for me to get the captions in a .doc or similar format? Thanks!!!

  • @norf2690
    @norf2690 11 років тому

    wait, when you said "46 strands", did you refer to 23 or 46 double-stranded dna?

  • @joet8432
    @joet8432 8 років тому

    Very well done! :)

  • @bhardvajashwin
    @bhardvajashwin 9 років тому +512

    You guys seriously need to make more of these! This information is incredible and its presented superbly! HATS OFF!

    • @Jaya.M78
      @Jaya.M78 7 років тому +4

      Ashwin Bhardvaj Yes it's awesome..

    • @abdullahnaeem4126
      @abdullahnaeem4126 5 років тому +2

      @@Jaya.M78 you are ashwin too😂

    • @aryanbhan4222
      @aryanbhan4222 5 років тому +1

      rightly said ashwin

  • @tobothehobo933
    @tobothehobo933 4 роки тому +363

    I need to watch this for my online classes

  • @StatedClearly
    @StatedClearly  12 років тому +113

    I appreciate the kind words

  • @Inkwellhell
    @Inkwellhell 5 років тому +45

    This video is super helpful I watched a few other videos and it helped me pass my science test with 51/60! That’s the highest score I’ve ever got! So thank you soo much

  • @ThriftDiving
    @ThriftDiving 10 років тому +70

    You should really make more of these videos. It's so easy for my kids and me to understand. Great job! I'll be checking my subscription for the next one ;)

    • @flowerlovefriend
      @flowerlovefriend 10 років тому +2

      The ultimate truth must be simple enough for a child to understand If you seek truth, google truth contest and read the Present. It's all *truth you can check*.

    • @erniehartt3246
      @erniehartt3246 10 років тому +2

      Stated clearly just started a KickStarter campaign to get some more videos made. You should pledge (I did!).

  • @lastroseable
    @lastroseable 9 років тому +47

    Hi Jon Perry, You have done an excellent job by making and uploading this video to youtube....You got an excellent team....i really love your videos....Keep uploading more videos of this kind....

  • @kristelmaekho-suniega687
    @kristelmaekho-suniega687 5 років тому +6

    thanks for this! im a math teacher teaching science.. i guess i don't have to worry anymore hahah

  • @beast4187
    @beast4187 8 років тому +6

    i just love this channel! greatjob! amazing explanation ....... just like the name ,it states everything clear.

  • @hamyanalobaidly2549
    @hamyanalobaidly2549 10 років тому +5

    you are amazing thank you very much , you made my life easier !! god bless you.

  • @JessNVee
    @JessNVee 3 роки тому +4

    As a teacher, I must say: this is excellent content. Your channel name is truly fitting! Thank you for your great work!!

  • @WCephei77HD
    @WCephei77HD 10 років тому +5

    Thank you John your videos are great!! Keep up the good work!!

  • @eliptiqz796
    @eliptiqz796 8 років тому +11

    Nice presentation. I have learnt a lot with your videos. I need to convince my kiddo to watch, maybe a server in minecraft where gamers build strands of dna .....hahaha.

    • @aidan5320
      @aidan5320 6 років тому

      diamondcreeper 2006 stop

    • @saberfan
      @saberfan 6 років тому

      OnlinePanda you stop. This is(or was) a great idea!