Spacetime, Premonitions, & Brachistochrone Problem with Neil deGrasse Tyson & Charles Liu
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- Опубліковано 23 тра 2024
- Is our experience of time a result of our perpetual movement? Neil deGrasse Tyson and co-hosts Chuck Nice and Gary O’Reilly explore spacetime, metaphysics, the Brachistochrone problem and more with astrophysicist Charles Liu.
We explore space and time graphically, what the experience of time is for a light photon, and the tired light hypothesis. Charles argues why we’re moving at the same speed of light. How do people age in a spaceship going warp speed? We discuss how warp speed creates a breakdown in causality.
We talk about linking the universe to metaphysics and whether dreams hold significance. How is the cosmic microwave background constant when there are hot stars? How are some black holes bigger than others if they are infinitely dense?
Why do rockets launch up instead of horizontally like an airplane? We break down the Brachistochrone problem and the fastest minimum energy path. Could you launch a rocket to space through spinning? All that plus, we discuss our favorite inventions from Star Trek that came true.
Thanks to our Patrons Marcus Karlstad, Vincent Zimmerman, Ryan Lambert, Carolyn K, Stefan C. Villafana, and David Churn for supporting us this week.
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Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up!
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00:00 - Introduction
2:50 - Does Time Come From Movement?
10:42 - How Would People Age at Warp Speed?
15:28 - Science, Dreams, & Metaphysics
25:10 - Foreground Contamination & Cosmic Microwave Background
27:10 - The Size of Black Holes
33:20 - The Launch Path of Rockets & The Brachistochrone Problem
42:40 - Favorite Technology from Star Trek - Наука та технологія
Star Trek fans, what's your favorite prediction of the future that came true?
That the original crew would get old and fat
i still don't know why did you not upload video on Chandrayan 3 ❤❤
That ruzzia would FA and FO
That superstitious indereducated folk would leverage their collective elective ignorance to attempt a takeover of our democracy.
cannabis is legal in Germany
Neil and Chuck for 2024!
Yeah .... Naaaaaa
@@KC-nd7ntno one asked you
Yeeeeeessssssssss
no brain can be normal in politics, do you wanna lose him?
Dude you post this in almost every video.
When Charles Liu is present, the high quality of the show is guaranteed. Great episode!
His answer for the dream about the punch in the face on the soccer field was so respectful and interesting.
ANY EPISODE WITH THE GEEK IN CHIEF IS A GOOD EPISODE!!!!!!
Come for the knowledge, stay for Chuck!
The Chuck never fails to make us smile
love it when Neil is also learning, just shows that there's always more to know, knowledge is infinite!
Thank you Neil and Chuck for making learning an enjoyable experience 😊
Chuck is always killing it with his jokes. From the deep to the superficial. 😂 👏
...Usually...
🤣
This episode was so cool! I'm always impressed with the returning champ, Charles Liu. I'm amazed at his compassion, his calm cool and collected demeanor and sharp as a tack brain. Same for Neil. And Chuck Nice came up with some awesome questions in this episode.
The best quote from Neil De Grasse Tyson is - "We do not know" and that is something that keeps the light burning 💥
Okay but what does it have to do with this video?
@@racoonchief not much but related to the overall picture.
Wonderful guest.Warm voice and extremely knowledgable. I really enjoyed it.
Startalk is great but when geek n chief Liuniverse is in. Is about to get awesome and deep. Keep bringing him in!!
I am so grateful that Charles Liu gives us the distinction between geek and nerd.
Geeks know cool stuff and are obsessed with the weird.
Nerds know all kinds of boring stuff that might save the world and are obsessed with knowing boring stuff that might save the world.
This is...possibly my favorite episode, just in the first 10 minutes! Pretty good understanding of time and how we interact with it already, but thinking of it as Dr. Liu outlined just put it in a whole new "light". Truly is the final frontier of understanding our universe if we grasp that dynamic. Absolutely thought provoking in the highest order. And so many other points. I have so many questions to submit!
I believe it was Steven Wright who asked....If your traveling in a space ship at the speed of light and you turn the head lights on, what happens?
Neil covered that on StarTalk. Relativity. The light shines in front of you just like if you were standing still.
@@kimjohnson4278 I don't know know if that's 100% accurate though. Not a physicist, but Wright's question and your reply make sense up to and including 99.999999...% the speed of light. I think the actual speed of light would be asymptotic (just using the word to mean unreachable) because if you DID reach the speed of light, your mass would essentially increase to infinity and there'd be no headlight to emit light anyway!
Great question i think they wouldve already turned on, in the exact moment that you reached 100% the speed of light if you intended on turning them on because; Time slows down when you travel faster and faster but time doesnt exist at 100% the speed of light, so for photons, so if you were going to turn them on they would automatically know and already be on and if you werent they never would be and their is no having them off and then turning them on at the speed of light because the information is exchanged instantaneously just like entangled particles in quantum physics thats my theory.
This was one of the funnest StarTalk Special Editions I've watched thus far. Loved it! ❤
OMG I've never heard anyone else question how dreams might connect to the universe... For decades I've had the feeling that my dreams are just the actions of the me in some other universe. That I'm seeing them, experiencing them sometimes, via some property of quantum entanglement.
How on Earth did I miss this episode of StarTalk when it was uploaded?! Packed with profound questions, amazing answers, and incomparable humor!! ("SpinLaunch" is the name of the aerospace company attempting to cut costs of launching payloads into space using centripetal force.) Great show!! :D ❤❤❤
I love how respectful Charles is toward other people’s beliefs. I could never be that diplomatic, someone starts talking about New Age stuff and my eyes automatically roll, like Westphal’s sign.
Lovely. Watching from Iran. The only two Americans I love, Neil & Chuck.
Love the brachistochrone - trajectory connection! Thanks Dr T.
Mr Tyson & Lord Nice, thank you so much. I have always loved science since the 4th grade. Growing up in S.E., D.C. my life was very political with both parents working in politics but science held a special place in my heart & was always on my mind. Thank you, thank you, thank you 😊😊
Charles is not a Geek. He is a Stellar Human
Who isn't these days tho
Charles are you you have to be me Charles is just very aware of himself in my hive for the geek and chief is a trinity and would be surrounded by The source Wall
Brought there's a Galaxy out there in Aquarius that I nose for me and it is called atoms for peace
I knew it the light has always vibrated from the stars and so it is the speed of light serving as as like a substrate for an even more complex information highway which infor travels at the speed of light
OMG r u Atlas
This guest is next level smart, and we are used to super smart. Incredibly humble too, I am really impressed with this lovely human.
Wish the show was still on tv. There's nothing like this on weekly.
To put it more simply:
Everything is moving through spacetime at the speed of light. If you're not moving through space, you're moving through time at the speed of light. And if you're not moving through time, you're moving through space at the speed of light.
And everything in between is everything in between.
Awesome! Thanks for answering my question guys about the universe, time, and dreams! Love the show.❤
Our pleasure!
@@StarTalk well star talk I wanted to know what happens if I build a ISS size object and it fits into a falcon 9 And it consists of a quantum computer And sollar panel s array then there is the necessity of cooling system and ECT but we put it in high solar Sun orbit and there we must might start to begin building a Jupiter's brain in Dyson sphere but as I Finnish
@@StarTalk I start to realize it's a lot easier and cheaper to build it on earth than in space and especially so close to the sun with minimal protection and its lots faster and easier on Earth to build a facility to house thousands then all the money to launch one to space so the only upside 5o strapping into a rocket and hurdling it to space is just to be able to say hey you've been working on this section if the son because it's piculuar well I have a parking space for 2 hour's so go look at the other side of the sun and you'll find beauty and cerenaty and I will get mankind to validate my parking ticket forward to colonize that PATCH of skies Niel deGrasse Tyson for that's the enthusiasm we need not to wait till oh cold war with China let's band together and go to space np it's to validate my claims and to block the most beautiful sceneries with a colonial outpost forward brother's the astronomers will not suffer without knowing my parking validation on my Tesla and or future starship like this isn't a ancient star Trek ERA Elon musk Plzen don't cancely Wright's to bear that flamethrowers you sold because if there are over civilizations out there I will show we are capable of toddler like magic tricks to them like tiny over here with his bubble gun (flamenwarther)
I was shocked no-one mentioned Star Gate as a universe with wormholes 😲
Omg time rocket science and Gary and chucks too, pure love❤
Great! Chuck Nice and Chuck Liu! If Chuck is in the show, it is a good show.
its pretty fun to think about the fact that racecar drivers essentially solve a more complicated version of the brachistochrone problem by learning a new track. also its fun to try to do the problem with angular momentum, like a wheel rolling from one point to another, does it change?
By far one of the best episodes! Thanks NDT and Chuck!
I didn’t know so much of this
@@BoogerBraintruth! It shifted my perspective of time.
Great show about space time and dreams. Dreams are fascinating by themselves.
Always enjoy the topics and discussion. Especially when the scale of geekiness is referred to as infinite scale. Made me smile because I immediately started thinking about geekiness being relative to the speed of our thoughts (like time with speed).
awesome episode guys. wanna see more of this.
I was today years old when I finally understood the theory of special relativity
Another excellent production. Thanks to all of you.
The best way to put it, is that for instance the magnitude of motion of your car, is equal to the magnitude of motion of a photon of light. Both share the same magnitude of motion. What you still can do to your car though, is change the direction of its ongoing motion within the 4D environment known as space-time. If you are whipping down a highway, and make a sudden turn to the left, your body leans to the right relative to your car, and the opposite occurs if you veer off to the right instead. This is due to sudden change of direction. If you hit the accelerate peddle, your body presses against the back of the seat, and if you hit the brakes, your body leans forward. Here too, this body movement is due to sudden changes of the direction of the motion of the car. Anyhow, if you throw together a simple geometric motion vector and length scalar representation of your cars or spaceships motion within space-time, you can then use it to derive the special relativity(SR) equations, and complete this task in mere minutes, even if you have no physics education at all. They currently do NOT teach this specific geometric method in schools, since updates or minor changes these days that lead to seeing things differently or from a different point of view, often are not accepted for over a 100 years.
What amazed me about Star Trek years ago and how it came true is the communications, i.e. talk out loud and request things happen Hey Google, or Hey Siri. Thermal thermometers just to name a few. I LOVED all that and I knew that some day these things will come true. Thank you Space Program for these advancements! To me the program moved us forward in MANY ways that most people have NO idea where they came from. Love science & technology. NEVER boring!
Great show I always love Charles and his calm manner.
Very interesting, mind provocative - and funny! Thanks for this excellent content!
Hey lord chuck you have the best job in the world working with these guys must be a blast
In term of Star Trek tech invention, i think translation apps on our phones are perfecting their way to Trek's universal translator.
Yup
@@OscarLangleySoryu In Trek's universe, they did attempt to address the universal translator limitation. TNGs episode Darmok (S5, Ep 2). But I digress. 🙂
Within Earth cultures, using language databases, I think a Trek universal translator scenario where one's words are instantaneously translated thru an app and/or devices allowing for (mostly) seamless conversations is almost there. I say mostly because there still might be situations when some meanings are lost in translation.
@antiMAGA
And just the last ten years, google Translate (now with AI (bard) is quite accurate and quick.
Love Chuck keeping it light for us lay people
You guys are
Educational Entertainment
to the MAX ❗️
ThankYou. ❤
Great discussion. The perception of time is subjective across the globe. However, in some parts of the world (more Western), there is a monochronic way of seeing/experiencing ‘time’… but in places like Africa and Asia, ‘time’ is seen as a polychronic occurrence of their experiences - while at the same time... ‘time’ moves regardless of our experiences. Hope that makes sense?...
Another good 1 guys! It's also possible that we do see into our future in dreams. Not everything is explainable by our current understandings.
I couldn't agree more. I dreamt of a terrible tragedy three hours before it happened. I have wondered if my mind picked up bad vibrations from the people that caused the tragedy
One argument *for* seeing the future, that neither NDT or Charles mentioned, is lack of free will, which has been discussed previously on ST. so if the future is predetermined, then why couldn't the brain foresee that? If anything, it should be more impressive that our brain dreams as randomly as it does and doesn't continuously foresee everything.
4:44 Charles smoking a little “Albert Einstein 1905” is amazing 😂❤
One of my favourite books (which was a film too) is Lathe of Heaven by Ursula Le Guin. Where the protagonist has dreams which rewrite the past and therefore reality and his psychiatrist attempts to use it to make the universe better with terrible consequences.
Sounds interesting. Thank you for the suggestion, I will check it out.
Wonderful book, but then, her books always were.
I highly recommend her work - one of the finest science fiction writers, and one of our finest minds, ever.
36:25 The brachistochrone problem was posed by Bernouilli in the 17th century.
In case anyone wondered.
It's fascinating how stars and their light that is going at the speed of light also move around the massive black hole so in that way the light they emit also goes around the center of the Galaxy(the massive black hole)also actually moving the light at those enormous speeds depending the stars location(far or distant to the center). Just fascinating 😅
For me is the most amazing thing about dreams, that i see clearly people i have never ever seen i my life for sure
Entertaining and enlightening, great combination
For the first question, I'm a little bit surprised that this wasn't also framed as the way many people (like me) think of Time Dilation: the flatter your curve in the space dimension (faster speed), the less you can move through the time dimension, therefore you experience less time. The hyperbolic math comes out of the observation that the time dilation effect becomes increasingly extreme at an increasing rate as you approach the speed of light through space.
Next, i would disagree that warp drive, such as an Alcubierre or similar, necessarily violates causality. While it's true that you might arrive at your destination before the radio signal, that doesn't imply that you arrived before the signal was sent. In the same way that when we eventually watch Betelgeuse go supernova, we will be observing something that actually occurred ages ago. While the Start Trek universe is full of timey-wimey hijinks, such as tachyons and Q, was drive isn't one of them. The warp bubble creates a pocket of spacetime within which time flows normally and is shunted to another place to be stitched back in. The bubble can move superluminally for the same reason that space itself is allowed to expand faster than light speed.
The only piece of Trek tech that i don't see happening is the Heisenberg Compensator that allows the transporter to function without violating the eponymous uncertainty principle.
My favorite, though, is the deflector dish. I don't know the details of the tech, but it sounds a lot like some of the ideas about how ancient Egyptians were able to move massive stone blocks that even today's cranes would struggle with.
Man, I love the amount of subtle puns and nuance of Professor Charles' conversations.
Love the show guys!! I listen every night 🎉. But just curious, could you possible do a show on ghosts/pseudoscience? I trust science, but then there are people who say places are haunted like Alcatraz, old buildings, houses etc: places I would never sleep at. I would really love to hear the science of what these explanations could possibly be. Again, love your guy’s work! Both Chuck and Neil inspire all!
You guys are all awesome!!!! Love it!!!
*I love smart humans! Wholehearted* ❤
I used to divide by zero on my Dad's Marchant mechanical calculator because it was fun to watch the gears and number wheels spin until they all reached their limit and stopped. That string of 9s was as close to infinity that the calculator could get.
We all have a friend like Gary... No matter how scientifically you try to handle their "experiences", all they want to hear is "Yes, you are special." 😁
Chuck makes this watchable.
This episode was so much fun.
I am glad I found this podcast!
Welcome 😀
41:37 Love how Charles throws in Stairway to Heaven lyrics like it's part of the discussion.
The realization that a rocket trajectory is just the brachistochrone problem was very cool
Mr. Nices premonition example is a biiiiig mind blower.
It's a terrific example of how scientists and science minded people can still be completely blind to their cognitive biases.
Pure love
Neil Charles Gary chuck
Please please please never stop ❤
Charles is the best guest
You can go into your dreams if you train yourself over time. I know because I did the experiment. A physic type guy was on Johnny Carson years ago and explained how to interact with your dreams. The 1st time I was able to enter my dream, I couldn't believe it, but I was there. And I was part of the dream, I knew them, they knew me, we conversed and interacted. I did it a few more times and just kinda forgot about it ever happening. But it did, I could do it now if I prepped myself for a few weeks or days.
Lfg Tyson, Nice, O'Reilly, and CGO Liu!
I know exactly what sir Gary is talking about because its not just the possibility of it happening but the details that don't exist as of your present experiences and recent memory. I had the same thing about a sports day that involved a boy I met on the day but I remembered his face which should not be possible because the brain does not create faces.
One like is not enough, great job you blokes. 👏 Keep it coming 😊
Awesome video, great discussion 👏
yeeeeeeeeeeeeeey Charles Liu back in the house, i really missed him
hey Neill, great show! It really makes you think about the different topics. I've got a question for you, Regarding time. First let's set the playing field: Time, past present future. We asume that time goes in a line from the past through the present and into the future. Take the universe. There is a "now" all across the universe at the same time. We can get a glimps of the universe thanks to light that travels at it's speed through the universe. We are seeing "the past". Here comes the juicy bit. The question: Could the present "now" be the knifes edge that pushes through times probabilitywave. In it creating a seperation between the past and the future. But On just the right seperation of the past and the future. there are sparks akin to electricity sparks between the past and the future seperating the past and the future from the now? Wich would make virtual particles in a vacuum "lend" energy from the future to create the particles that imediately selfdestruct. It can not lend power from to far in the future because the "distance" is to great. What I'm trying to say is that : could there be a difference between spacetime and "time"? Great show thank you!
Same thing happened to me. Was too excited to play my first college soccer match. Only slept for 2 hours and saw the ground, it was raining and my team was getting ready. Next day bam. Was standing at the exact same spot, it was raining and my team was getting ready. Never saw that ground before in my life. I think it is string theory where our mind is somehow capable to jump a few frames and jump back.
I have had dreams that were so accurate that I knew what another person was going to say before they said it. I have only had this happen twice. It was shocking when it happened and I have never been able to make it happen on my own. That does not seem to be a retroactive modification of my memory.
Deja Vu maybe?
I LOVE that Dr Lu used his head as an example! I won’t forget 😂
That was wonderful, thanks!
Great discussion 👏
Love the channel! You guys make science straightforward but interesting! Yes my picture is a Chicago dog from Chicago
Chuck Liu !!! Missed you!!
Phenomenon and Lucy I'm definitely going to have to check those two out Netflix
2:43: 🌌 Our perception of time is influenced by our perpetual movement through the fabric of space-time.
5:27: 🤔 The conversation discusses the concept of moving through space-time and the speed of light.
10:38: 💭 The query explores the connection between time, universe, and dreams and how they might be interdependent.
16:10: 🤔 The discussion explores the connection between dreams, time, and the universe, and the possibility of premonitions.
21:14: 🔍 The cosmic microwave background temperature is not constant everywhere in the universe due to contamination from foreground objects.
26:43: 🌌 Astronomy features foreground contamination and black holes have a singularity that is infinitely dense.
34:15: 🚀 Launching a rocket vertically is only for the initial build-up of speed, as the most efficient way to get into orbit is to travel horizontally.
37:13: 🚀 The conversation discusses various topics related to advanced mechanics, calculus, and space travel.
43:16: 🚀 The Star Trek crew discusses their favorite examples of scientific predictions that became true.
47:14: 📡 X discusses the potential use of radar technology to detect information about the human body.
Recap by Tammy AI
The explanation of space time and the fourth dimension makes "going back in time" make sense e.g. traveling from Italy to the US at the end of a vacation.
About the dream, There is also another factor that your mind also might cause your dream to happen in real life. You have a vivid dream and in that dream you make your opponent mad and he will punch you; now in real life you happened to be in a same situation and your mind remembers the dream and make you act in a way that your opponent might punch you
One time I was riding in a car listening to the radio. And I was listening to a lyric right when I read some words on the side of some work van that pulled up next to us. And the lyrics matched the exact words on the wording on the side of a work van as I read the words.
The metaphysics of the universe is the probability for survival the form bestows upon the species. Whatever works, survived, whatever works faster dominates, whatever works efficiently takes over.
I love this episode.
We see/hear you chuck 💯❤️
Lots of lighting here in Arizona. The higher magnitude strikes form fulgurites. Really powerful strikes can eject globs of molten glass and leave holes over a foot across.
This happens in less than a second.
excelente programa.
I loved that episode! :D
I never be so annoyed of youtube commercial on a video😩 always listening startalk while sleeping very nice for learn and clear the mind before sleep and then..UA-cam commercial poppinh before every intéressant response or topic😅 agine you on ur bed listening, looking to the galaxy and five seconde later we have a Modern Warfare III commrcizl😂 love from frence❤
A bit on the moving on spacetime at light speed I was surprised you didnt mention. Under this theory time dilation is very easily explained as moving diagonally on the plane (assuming light is on the horizontal). As if, if you move at like 0.5 the speed of light, that is also consuming your "time speed", thus you feel time significantly slower. Same as being near a dark hole, the warping of space is so massive, your using your time speed budget.
Amazing video!
This was great!!
Pretty sweet video concept with the 15 vs 150
Dude this video this on earth so we're moving through time into the future and in space too
Have to go pick up medication but I have to hear this.