Auditory Transduction
Вставка
- Опубліковано 26 сер 2024
- With exciting 3-D animation and a dramatic classical sound track, this 7-min. video takes us on a trip through the ear to vividly explain how we hear. Auditory Transduction is definitely best of breed on the topic. Brandon Pletsch has given permission to 3M to post this video on our web site and UA-cam. To learn more about this National Science Foundation award winning film, please go here:
www.sciencemag.... You may contact Mr. Pletsch directly via his web site at www.radiusmedicalanimation.com
I'm so thankful to the people who made it. The vestibular system is hard to understand only by the text, so this animation was very helpful to me. Keep going, fellows!
I must say that this is the BEST educational video I've ever seen during my med school years! Thanks a ton!
Shaikha Aldossari
i dont mean to be so off topic but does someone know a tool to get back into an Instagram account?
I somehow forgot my login password. I appreciate any tricks you can give me
yes i think so
L
@@chrisheatley8177😊¹
4 years at med school and this is the best educational video I have ever seen
Almost everyone's talking about how great is the explanation... What about asking ourselves how could this all came together by chance?!
It's really fascinating and mind-blowing engineering. Think about it people
The creator. Who else !
small incremental change over billions of years. it didnt show up directly for human, even small rat like mammals had same structure millions of years back as seen through fossils.
No one claims it comes together by chance except those who do not understand science.
Exactly, it's fascinating how everything works so well together, there is so much that most people are ignorant of when it's already happening inside their bodies, it's just a miracle by itself that we as humans exist, God bless
Agreed. If they found a tin bucket on Mars, no one woud say: This bucket created itself over the last billions of Years. It just needed time. Now imagine a inner ear, creating itself over time. Insanity . Still: This video is very well explained.
This is the best explanation of the auditory system I've ever seen. Isn't this yet another stunning example of the complexity and beauty of the human body?
Eric Olivier And dogs! And cats! And elephants, bats, whales, mice, etc....all the same, just as complex and dynamic. Quite neat!
And it all came together by "dumb luck," right?
@@imjustpassinthru7779 nahh iteration upon iteration of selective fitness! I like the idea of intelligent design but i realized that's b/c everyting else that didn't work up to survival par just didn't make the selective cut (and i believe the same could be said for astronomical bodies as well)
@@kyuhnfukaikage1283 Evolution's trial and error over an unfathomable amount of time sure can accomplish amazing things!
@@imjustpassinthru7779 allah god Almighty created us
I cannot believe that this video is 14 years old yet so good. This has helped me in med school and this person will probably never know it. But thank you anyways!
Please add captions so everyone can access the info and understand the auditory system.
This is the most well thought out and executed video on any anatomy subject I have ever seen. I just wish all anatomy subjects were created in this format.
This is the BEST video on hearing, the graphics are awesome. I can understand the theory so much better.
Thanks to all the people who did the hard work of figuring this stuff out! Science is the way, the truth and the light.
+Chris Davaz just out of curiosity.. when you say Science is the way.. how do you account for the supreme intricacy of something as simple as the human ear.. that is.. are you of those who hold the opinion that such creation is merely chance and not a willful supernatural force i.e. God?
+Omar Ibrahim I think you are presenting a false dichotomy. The intricate "design" is the result of the laws of nature. I don't believe in the "supernatural", either something is real, and hence part of nature, or it is not. Whatever people don't understand they have historically attributed to "supernatural" forces (i.e., "God", "spirits", etc).
+Chris Davaz riposte! not sure what you mean by false dichotomy but I think I agree with everything you said, even though I believe in God.. I'm not actually sure what "supernatural" means either.. because to me god is still real and "natural" in some senses.. in any case, to me God is always the singular source of "the laws of nature" but I think there are certain cases where these "laws", as some people believe them, are equivalent to what I believe is God.. in other words, "the laws" as some people (maybe yourself) think of them are supernatural or eternal and our differences in belief become only semantic.. in another sense, we can say the laws of nature allow for many things, such as this paragraph I've written or the capacity for humans to build motor vehicles and global communications.. such things though, however intricate and complex they may be, are still ultimately insignificant when compared to the design and creation of something like the inner ear, or even the basic biology of a fly...
Thank you all for so many positive comments on this video. I am glad we can provide it and pleased you are taking time to learn more about our amazing sense of audition. And I continue to forward on your many positive remarks to the creator of the film, Brandon Pletsch.
This is an incredible video, very helpful for anyone studying the anatomy and physiology of psychoacoustics. Would have been better if it had a more in depth explanation of the hair cells, but still a great video! Thank you!
this is truly one of the best academic videos i've ever watched. i love the blend of art and science!
Now if only you could make all of my textbook this interactive and awesome!!!
Wow, full satisfaction, everything crystal clear !
This animation of the ear is a work of art! Thank you. How wonderfully helpful.
I can't believe someone actually made this. Thank you so much. For once I know which is which
Thank you for the kind remarks. I am glad you found the video helpful. And we can take no credit. The creator was Brandon Pletsch and he gave us permission to post it on our website.
Can it get any more simpler than the way you presented it with this AMAZING video, accompanied with even more easy to understand pathway of sounds- one tiny section at a time? I am sure that even a kid would understand this university level material the way you presented it. A huge thanks to whoever involved with the production and publication of this video. Excellently done!
t a i’ll😂❤😂😂😂❤❤ 0:16 🎉
The best video I've ever seen , explaining gradually the function of ear! Congratulations to the designers!
Amazing and stunning video with beautiful details!! Thanks for making it available.
C.R. Selvakumar Yes Indeed...
Wonderful video. The music used to accompany this video about how we hear was written by Beethoven: a composer who had famously lost his own hearing.
THIS IS THE EASIEST WAY I HAVE EVER COME TO UNDERSTAND THE EAR ANATOMY. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR THIS VIDEO
The stapes has a muscle attachment to limit the amount of travel to avoid over rebounding effect. A marvelous miniature device that is very effective within its appreciable considerably large ranges.
incredible, its amazing how the ear and its structures can last a lifetime. Very fragile structures.
whats cool is that this is happening in your ear, but what is cooler is the fact that someone figured this out!
Yes, as a physician, I concur with all the accolades about the quality of this excellent video. The song "Molto Vivace" that is the music, is Beethoven's Symphony No.9 in D-Minor, Op 125, the second movement (Molto Vivace). Enjoy! Oh, and Beethoven was deaf by the time he composed this work!
Auditory Transduction Notes:
Outer Ear:
- Sound waves enter the ear and travel through the external auditory canal.
- Sound waves meet the tympanic membrane (eardrum) inside the ear.
- The tympanic membrane vibrates in response to sound, with pitch affecting the vibration rate and amplitude affecting the intensity of vibration.
Middle Ear:
- Three auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) articulate with the tympanic membrane.
- These ossicles transmit frequency and amplitude information to the inner ear.
- The ossicles pivot together on an axis, held in place by ligaments (anterior malleoligament and posterior incudal ligament).
- Vibrations from the ossicles are transferred to the footplate of the stapes.
- The stapes moves like a piston, transmitting vibrations into the bony labyrinth.
Round Window and Cochlea:
- The bony labyrinth is filled with paralymph, and its flexibility allows vibrations to enter through the round window.
- The cochlea, a spiral portion of the bony labyrinth, contains the corridor leading to the round window.
- Vibrations return through the cochlea's spiral system to meet the round window.
- The ascending passage for vibrations is called the scalar vestibuli, and the descending passage is called the scalar tympani.
- Between them lies the cochlear duct, filled with endolymph and separated by Reissner's and Basler membranes.
Inner Ear (Cochlea):
- These membranes (Reissner's and Basler) are flexible and transmit vibrations back down to the scalar tympani.
- The organ of Corti is situated on the basilar membrane.
- The basilar membrane vibrates selectively, with lower frequencies vibrating closer to the apex and higher frequencies closer to the base of the cochlea, following tonotopic organization.
- The organ of Corti sends nerve impulses to the brain via the cochlear nerve.
- Specialized hair cells within the organ of Corti generate nerve impulses.
- Hair cells are covered by the tectoral membrane, and bending of hairs against it triggers the cells to fire.
Auditory Perception:
- The entire sequence of events, from sound waves entering the ear to the generation of nerve impulses in the organ of Corti, is responsible for our acoustic perception of the world.
Hope this helps!!!
This video is by far the best educational video I've ever seen. It really helped me understand the auditory pathway when studying for my MCAT. Absolutely incredible! Thank you
Incredible. Proof of design, especially the irreducibly complex ossicles and the oval window.
While the interjected loud music is super annoying, thanks for a yt that finally is able to show the 3d structures properly.
Excellent presentation! Thanks.
Thanks for the creators of this amazing 3D explanatory animation!
As the narrator indicates the tympanic muscle was removed to allow better visualization of the remaining structures in the middle ear. The tympanic muscle is thought to tighten the ossicular chain to limit the sound transmission to the inner ear. The purpose of this is protection. The muscle appears to act against impulsive sounds and also potentially to reduce the influence of our hearing of our own voice when we speak.
Damn watching this before exam ease my pain. That anotomy picture doesn't help to understand while this makes me understand everything. Thanks a ton
Very thanks for letting us see the incredible human beings
this helped me in A&P 4 years ago and now again for nursing school. thank you brandon for making this - many of us would be lost without you! (also, it's a beautiful video!)
This is the state of the art explanation.
Thank you very much. I wish all knowledge could be transmiitted in such a way.
CONGRATULATIONS FOR THIS OUTSTANDING WORK!
THIS IS THE ABSOLUTE BEST VIDEO. like the small details on why round window and what goes on and how the membrane acts w low pitch high pitch is something which they do not explain in textbooks and are just written like the apical portion senses low pitch and base senses high pitch. but never explained. and ROTE LEARNING IS JUST THE WORST. once you see how and why and what. its engraved, no matter what, the conceptual clarity you get from just watching a 6 min video, it can never be removed. like how we forget whats taught in lectures and books. stuff like animations and pictures is something i personally cant. I LOVED THE WAY YOU SOLVED TEENSY DOUBTS LIKE WHY THE ROUND WINDOW and the cross section of cochlea. they just paste the picture of blah blah and write thats its ts or lateral without ever explaining it. and it angers me so so so much. tysm for the video
The BEST of all video education on how we hear. Thanks
OMG...This video is made by a genius..Best educational video I've ever seen
Now this auditory system is what I call some really fine tuning of the human body. Great video.
This is excellent. All healthcare professionals should watch this.
If you think about, as the music is playing - what you're seeing in the video is literally happening inside your ears at that very moment .
this video was amazing! i've studied the ear so many times but never understood it to this extent until i watched this. thank you!
I used to watch this several times as a kid‼️
I don't know what your actual intention of posting this video was but I can say that as a medical student this has helped clarify so much for me in the anatomy/physiology f the ear thank you so very much.
HOLY MOLY I THINK I JUST HAD AN EARGASM. Excellent video! Thank you!
ㅈ한글로해석해주시면 좋게습니다
super helpful!! my professor showed this in class and i searched all over youtube for it. so glad i found it!
This is the best video so far that I have viewed. Thank you for the wonderful music and great views! I now have a better understanding for my midterm.
thank you so much for this video! I'm studying for my phonetics exam (linguistics degree) and now this phenomenon has become so much clearer.
This was a super helpful video. It made it easier to visualize what was happening and the paths sound takes through the ear.
truly Amazing thank you for this beautiful video ❤💚👍
This was absolutely the best. Helped me understand the inner ear so much more. Great video.
I watched this in 1st year for biophysics, and now I'm watching it for 5th year ENT :) The best presentation on this topic. Thank you!
Impressive! Thanks to Brandon Pletsch an Radius Digital Science.
Fantastic video. It really helped me out with my upcoming A&P quiz. Thanks!
Congrats on one of the best anatomy viceos ive ever seen
My professor spent an hour and a half explaining what this video conveyed in 6 minutes, and you did it better than he did
You made me understand this in less than 10 minutes, my exams are tomorrow and luckily I understood everything because of you, thank you so much
This made so much more sense then how my teacher explained this in class! THANK YOU!
Amazing , it went straight to the point , used amazing animations , everything was perfect. Thank you!
This is an excellent video. Extremely well-done. Thank you very much for the effort you put into making it. Wow. If you know of others who have put similar effort into making videos explaining the function of other intricate human body systems (e.g. vision, olfaction, digestion/absorption, etc.) I would appreciate you sharing them with me. Really, this is terrific.
Sooooooooooo beautifully illustrated and very creative. Thank you sooooo much!!!
wow. the most beautiful video ive ever seen. imagining the liquid inside the scala, im speechless thank you so much for this video!
This is absolutely amazing, thank you so much for sharing this!
This is fab I have a exam on the ear tomorrow an this really helped me understand the inner ear and made it a lot clearer than simply reding about it!
this is amazing. the most concise and easy to understand explanation of sound that I have ever seen. Thank you.
Thank you. I am studying medicine, and I have been struggling to understand the actually anatomy of the cochlea. Finally I understand. Finally!!!
Dude. That is the best bio video I have watched this year!
wonderful animation with great details thx for making it available
Absolute learning material! Thank you so much for your absolute presentation in 3-D animation.
siick video! This is the finest graphical explanation of hearing.
That was great animation and explanation, thank you!!!
Excellent cut of the Cochlea with hairs that generate electricity for the mind.
@DrLeoCharm Glad you appreciated the film. The info on the provider is on our web site where you found the link. I am unaware of other films that illustrate the topic in which you are interested, but if you wish to contact me thru the Ask the Expert link on the web site I would be glad to provide names of other auditory physiologists whom you may wish to contact.
This is a superb video! Thanks so much!
It is--literally-- an awesome video! Thank you...
THANK YOU FOR THE 3D EFFECT TO BETTER THE VISUAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE EAR. HOWEVER, LABELLING THE PARTS IN THE VIDEO WOULD HAVE MADE THE LEARNING MUCH MORE EASIER TO IDENTIFY THE PARTS.
Excellent video!!
And great explanation :)
Thanks for sharing.
Excellent!!!! Beautifully done
made visualizing and understanding so much easier! thank you so much and please make more videos!! currently in medical school and could definitely use great instructional videos like this!
@ya2006mi
thank you for the feedback. Please excuse my marking your comment as negative. That was a goof and I don't se how to undo it.
I was quite pleased when I discovered this video by Brandon Pletsch. It is one of the best I have seen on this topic.
Thank you so much! This was exactly, I mean EXACTLY what I was looking for!
Thank you so much! Awesome video 👋🏻👌🏻
amazing demonstration...Science made very easy to understand with these illustrations...I wish there were video books of all the conceptual understandings in medical field to aid the traditional text books...both are essential in understanding the concepts...
Somewhat analogous to the stings of a harp the receptor hair cells also vary in length to allow for reading of the range of various vibratory wave lengths. As the apex of the cochlear duct is reached the lower pitch tones are registered. Likewise at the entrance to the scala vestibule the range of high pitch/resonance is perceived. All keyed to the hinge abilities of the basilar membrane and related mechanisms.
The stapes is the smallest bone in the body and has in developing stages an arterial duct way passing through it’s window. Of course left and right versions. The lengthy conical shape of the cochlear duct construct is coiled snail shell fashion due to spacial constraints. In conjunction with the balance sensory canals contained in a close fitting bone housing just underneath the nerve central containment void.
The light weight of the “ stirrup “ design incorporates the strength of the arch to allow for incredibly sensitive vibratory response. The overall design and presentation of the system is pure genius.
The entire symphony must travel to the various tonal receptors along the length of the tri laminating structure of the cochlear duct system only to register at proper distance point upon sound waves journey. Once registered the entire membrane abilities is reset for next use.
Essentially the system works at the speed of sound through outer then middle ear then inner ear receptors then converted to light speed on to sensory interpretation central can assimilate information.
Awesome and crystal clear, thanks for helping me reviewing ear physiology!
like previous reviews said, this is excellent. Thank you!
Unbelievably awesome!! Just what I needed to prepare for my A&P test! Thank you so much for sharing this!
one of the best things i have ever seen.Thank you.
Very very VERY good explanation. I have read all sorts of explanations about this, and the details just never stuck with me, and turns out what I was missins was a 3D view of it all. Particularly the bit about the round window. Without actually seeing it there, I wasn't able to understand its function.
Great vid, really.
Information in this video (if I understand what I'm seeing and hearing) is in disagreement with many of the other tutorials on the workings of the human auditory system. All of the tutorials are vague when it comes to certain questions. The answers are left to the imagination. My question concerns the basilar membrane. According to this video, sound waves originating in the ascending canal (scala vestibuli) cause the Reisner's membrane to vibrate, which sends sound waves through the cochlear duct that impact the basilar membrane. Vibrations in the basilar membrane causes two things to happen: (1) the vibrations enter the descending canal (scala tympani), and (2) the hair cells which are attached to the basilar membrane are set in motion. The hair cells come in contact with the tectorial membrane, etc., etc. It would seem that this video has it right. But I'm not 100 percent sure because of conflicting information from other sources. Those other sources, in frustratingly vague language, suggest sound waves that cause portions of the basilar membrane to vibrate are coming from below, not from above as this video we are watching seems to indicate. However, "below" the basilar membrane is the descending (scala tympani) canal. That doesn't seem right. The explanation that I'm trying to get verified concerns the path that the vibrations take. I think that this video has it right. I need to get it right so that I don't make a fool of myself in something that will eventually be published.
@ya2006mi thank you for the feedback. I agree this is one of the best videos on this topic. Brandon Pletsch did a great job and I was glad to find it.
Please excuse the thumbs down reply. I did this by accident and can't see how to undo it.
THIS WAS AMAZING clarified everything for me even though i'm studying veterinary medicine! Thank you so much, the visuals are fantastic.
Beautiful. Thanks!
Movements of the Auditory Ossicles
The malleus and incus rotate on an anteroposterior axis that runs through the ligament connecting the anterior process of the malleus to the anterior wall of the tympanic cav- ity, the anterior process of the malleus and the short process of the incus, and the ligament connecting the short process of the incus to the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity.
When the tympanic membrane moves medially (Fig. 11.31), the handle of the malleus also moves medially. The head of the malleus and the body of the incus move laterally. The long process of the incus moves medially with the stapes. The base of the stapes is pushed medi- ally in the fenestra vestibuli, and the motion is communi- cated to the perilymph in the scala vestibuli. Liquid being incompressible, the perilymph causes an outward bulg- ing of the secondary tympanic membrane in the fenestra cochleae at the lower end of the scala tympani (Fig. 11.31). The above movements are reversed if the tympanic mem- brane moves laterally. Excessive lateral movements of the head of the malleus cause a temporary separation of the articular surfaces between the malleus and incus so that the base of the stapes is not pulled laterally out of the fenestra vestibuli.
During passage of the vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the perilymph via the small ossicles, the lev- erage increases at a rate of 1.3 to 1. Moreover, the area of the tympanic membrane is about 17 times greater than that of the base of the stapes, causing the effective pressure on the perilymph to increase by a total of 22 to 1.
Snell book right
This is really the best video on this topic what I have seen so far on UA-cam! Thanks : )
감동적인 영상입니다. 애니메이션의 퀄리티이 굉장히 좋습니다. 또한 설명에 필요한 모든 내용이 빠지지 않고 포함되어있습니다. cochlear같이 helix 구조를 가지는 경우에는 소리가 작용하는 상상을 하는 것이 굉장히 어려운데, 이것을 정말 이해하기 쉽게 구현해주었습니다.
Exactly what I was looking for! seriously great job!