❤ JAL is still one of my most favourite Airlines.😊🎉 the unfortunate incident on this New Year Day had shown us again the High Quality and Professionalism of the Staffs of JAL.❤ 頑張ろう ! ! ! ❤😊🎉
Public+private mixed ownership in airlines = failure? Usually but not always the case in reality. Otherwise, very hard to explain both the financial success AND top customer satisfaction rating of airlines like Emirates and Singapore Air - both with mixed ownership even today.
❤😊🎉 i enjoyed all your Videos very much, your good effort on your Videos are awesome, impressive and very interesting to watch. よるしくお願いします。ありがとうございます。頑張ってくださいね。🎉
Just my personal opinion: For most folks from HK, their image of JAL is mostly quality customer care+service and may be even Japanese-style glamour. Very informative and well researched story about the darker side of JAL history.
@ 20:25: A core fundamental reason why JAL operated so many 747s circa 1970~2000 was very very limited airport infrastructure capacity @ its largest home bases/hubs during that era: 1) 747 offered far more seats per aircraft while burning equal or less fuel per seat than any other types in production during that era. 2) All JAL hub airports had strict night curfew limiting very early morning+late night takeoff/landing slots available per day during that era Remember the limited op hours @ Itami(still is today) while KIX(Kansai), Japan's 1st ever 24hrs airport, wasn't open until 1994? Similar limited op hours @ Nagoya Komaki while the 24hrs NGO(Chubu) wasn't open until 2005? Even Haneda wasn't allowed 24hrs op until a new runway was built in 1997 all the way inside Tokyo Bay east from the terminal. 3) In 1990, totally only 3 runways for Tokyo @ Haneda+Narita and only 2 runways for Osaka @ Itami. Today totally 6 runways for Tokyo and 4 runways @ Itami+Kansai. 4) Most people today(even Japan experts) do not realize that air travel in Japan was growing at a faster rate before 1990(basically the bubble era) than it is today. In summary, JAL needed very large aircrafts because there were not enough takeoff/landing slots in Japan to fly many more smaller aircrafts. ANA had lesser need for 747 during that era because it had almost no International operation rights before that JAL civil aviation regulation law(I.e. essentially a law giving JAL a monopoly on international flights since its birth in 1950s) expired in 1987.
I remember it was really a miracle rescue of JAL by Kazuo Inamori 2010-2012. For me, his most amazing achievement was it took him less than 3 yrs to turn JAL from the start of bankruptcy(I.e. stock price basically re-set to zero) in 2010 to successfully re-listing JAL stock @ record-high stock price in 2012 - it was the 2nd biggest IPO in the world back in 2012. His story @ JAL is quoted by business schools worldwide as a text book example of how to successfully conduct a corporate turnaround in the modern era.
For exactly the same reason U refer to, JL(I.e. AL) completely lose against NH(I.e. ANA) in terms of operating Cost per Average Seat Mile(i.e. CASM) and therefore cost competitiveness - poor total seat count available to sell on exactly the same aircraft type on exactly the same route. In Y class(Economy - a.k.a. mass commodity class in this day & age), no other 787(i.e. Dreamliner) operator in the world use 8 seats per row except JL for logical economic reason. Simple high school level math can show U this seat layout only makes financial sense only if JL can consistently charge 12.5% higher Y class fare than NH.....a totally unrealistic market expectation for the vast majority of Y class consumers/passengers who are willing to switch airlines instantly just to save 4~5%(let alone 12.5%) in ticket price. If a person doesn't care about a 12.5% difference in airfare, he/she is probably rich enough to afford to NOT flying in economy class anyway.....and if we are being honest, we know there are practically no difference between JAL vs ANA in their J class(business) on 787. No doubt passengers believe the 2-4-2 seat layout on JAL 787 is superior to other airlines' 787 but those same passengers simply don't care what that would do to the cost competitiveness of JAL and therefore its long-term financial survival/bankruptcy risk like JAL already did once before. If we look back at the History of the airline industry, it is littered with so many failed airlines which had products+services superior to their competitors.
I guess u are right which explains why: 1) About 10yrs ago, JAL started to order Airbus A350 to completely replace their Boeing 777 fleet(I.e. the largest+longest range type they fly today). 2) Also about 10yrs ago, instead of an all-Boeing fleet, ANA started to order Airbus A380 + large numbers of A320Neo family. 3) JAS, 1 of the predecessor airline of today's JAL and Japan's 3rd largest airline before merger with JAL, was 1 of the earliest Airbus customer from 1980. But wait a minute, Airbus is not American......so Japan also 'eaten' by Europe as u said and not just by the U.S.?......
@@felixli5279 i would say japan flight technology in pro second world war period has not disappeared, but just applied on different sector. It is the bullet train sector. If US did not ban Japan from flight manufacturing, i think those experts would not go to train industry.
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日本2大航空公司 JAL 和 ANA。JAL歷史波折，又民營化又破產，今次選擇了這間公司為主題，邊看史上最大空難御巢鷹山事故，再看看引入大量名機的風光時代。
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05:49 JAL123架機係JAL維修部自己維修 裂縫係超過左波音維修手冊上維鐵板既長度同寬度 但由於當時日航調動機緊張 如果跟波音手冊維修 係要成塊尾板拎落黎整 最少工時都要一個月 所以日航就只係當裂縫冇超出長度同寬度 用鐵板補算數 直到JAL123航班前 降落時機尾再次觸地令裂縫擴大 所以當JAL123 飛超過1萬呎 氣壓變化時令鐵板再頂唔住打爆飛機液壓系統 再因為急降而斷埋尾翼 最終炒機
Kevin san今段影片實在推出合時。替日航走出破產陰霾的前社長稻盛和夫，為近代經營之神，奈何今天他與世長辭，Kevin san透過今段影片，向這位為日航起死回生的前社長致敬，實在來得非常合時。感謝你！
期待已久，終於迎來日本在世界引以為傲的航空業。今集內容完全與別不同，實在難得，對於喜愛日本的朋友又有了另外一種知識點。期待下半集更精彩的講解。
原來JAL有過這樣的慘痛歷史，經營一間如此龎大的生意，除了策略人才外，還需要很多配合。環境好時是天之嬌子，誰料到一場疫情，各行業兵敗如山倒。朋友兒子是ANA的飛機師，她說兒子捱了很多苦才能為飛機師，一場疫情被栽員了，幸好現時做貨機機師，生活差別很大。一場疫情，令很多飛機停頓，現時旅遊業要復蘇，停頓與復蘇都是對航空業一大考驗。亦希望航空技術越發先進安全快速，等我去日本唔使坐咁耐。多謝你的豐富資料搜集👍👍👍
揀職業都要事先諗清楚，又要處理風險，真唔容易
@siu-hung Hung 原來如此，受教了👍👍
日本航空業就是這樣, JAL 在2010年也以營運不佳為理由, 也裁了上百位台灣空服員,違法解雇, 專裁資深又薪資高的, 要裁員一定先挑外國人下手, 保全他們日本人員工的工作
❤ JAL is still one of my most favourite Airlines.😊🎉 the unfortunate incident on this New Year Day had shown us again the High Quality and Professionalism of the Staffs of JAL.❤
頑張ろう ! ! ! ❤😊🎉
一片道出大和傳統企業經營弊病，
昭和至今同出一轍種下迷失禍根。
期待下回。
支持京都kevin, Follow+Share+Like!
最深日本 -Studio Deepest Japan-👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻
公營+私營組合 注定失敗收場 貪腐+好大喜功成為標籤，半澤直樹日劇裹面亦有反映日航的貪腐情節！當時吾明多得這段片令我更了解👍kenさん繼續努力💪
Public+private mixed ownership in airlines = failure?
Usually but not always the case in reality. Otherwise, very hard to explain both the financial success AND top customer satisfaction rating of airlines like Emirates and Singapore Air - both with mixed ownership even today.
呢個主題正！
其實航空同埋鐵路真係有好多嘢可以講。日本出現過咁多航空公司，而且每一個都有佢哋自己嘅獨特故事。建議如果收視好嘅話做多啲呢類型話題。
會預告講佢好同唔好的一面, 呢點真係好正, 令人更想聽下去! 期待下一集!
Very informative 👏
資料豐富!好好睇!支持!
繼續看廣告作為支持
❤😊🎉 i enjoyed all your Videos very much, your good effort on your Videos are awesome, impressive and very interesting to watch. よるしくお願いします。ありがとうございます。頑張ってくださいね。🎉
多謝！
多謝支持😊
半澤直樹2裡面其實有就日航事件改編而成，最讓我深刻的一幕是，半澤帶領工人和公會同公司談判，一粒螺絲無人覺得會有幾重要，一部飛機有一百萬粒螺絲組成少一粒飛機都飛唔到！
正正一睇完就諗起半澤直樹2 情節
JAL故事好多改篇， 因為實在太多奇怪野
Well done 👏 Patiently waiting for the coming sequel 😄
好似YS-11先至是日本戰後第一架自行研發既民航機喎~🤔
又長知識了，多謝Kevin大人！
剛剛講完JAL，今日就傳出稻盛和夫辭世嘅消息
真的沒有失望！👍
做得好好,資料搜集足夠,希望將來你都可以繼續搵d有趣既故事比大家睇,少少意思👍🏻
多謝支持😊
只要有心搵，YT上有大量關於JAL123墜機敘述嘅短片，而且仲有墜機前機長與通訊塔嘅最後對話。
好好睇，謝謝你。讀書時讀過JAL嘅問題，但你解釋得更詳細。
Kelvin 仍然好精彩 期侍下集 任天堂下集已時可以出
持續支持💪
1988年第一次坐飛機就是日航去東京再飛美国阿特兰大。中途停西雅圖二小時有特定休息室備免費饮料小食，不用在西雅圖清关。服務一流。
幾好安排喎
配樂非常出色
Thanks
多謝支持😊
睇翻果場空難發生之前由地面影上去見度架飛機仲飛緊嘅相真係觸目驚心
下次 介紹ANA
日航的十年匯率問題 , 同國泰個陣買期油一樣 , 由個陣開始衰到現在。。。。。。
👍大航海時代 去到大航空時代👍
而家搭飛機係咪ANA高質啲?
同埋日本興唔興信用卡累積飛行里數？
謝謝您Kevin 🙏🏻
其實 747 推出成四十年都未淘汰歸功於是由戰略空中運輸機（落選）改良（符合成平效蠱）而成
貨機機頭的機阿（貨倉）是參考㦸略運輸機（元型𧝞）
其他部分跟 747客機－樣
介紹很詳細👍
in depth analysis
值得一贊 ！！！！
好特別嘅題材
今集我最喜歡，俾個like
好期待下一集
下集關於日本航空業會幾時出片？
今年內. 唔好意思, 近排想UPGRADE個頻道, 少咗時間整片, 多咗會議
有段時間睇得空中浩劫多，覺得搭飛機好易有意外，人為、天氣、機件，同埋如果撞落民居仲大護
車既意外仲多(眼不見為無，正常心理現象)
good information of history of Japan airline .
日本係波音飛機唔少重要零件嘅生產商。 波音 787 有三成以上部件係日本製造。三菱、富士、川崎，就係最大嘅供應商，呢幾間都係二戰期間已經存在嘅飛機工業 。日本嘅飛機工業，同佢地嘅航空公司係關連企業，所以日本嘅航空公司，一向都鍾情購買波音。另外，日本係早在70 年代初已經成功自製火箭同發放人造衛星；雖然當中有唔少技術其實係美國提供。日本國內用嘅 F15 戰機，係由美國提供圖紙，由三菱响日本生產；當時 F15 仲係最先進戰機。 日本嘅航空、航天技術，並唔係响二次大戰以後就終斷。美日响呢方面嘅同盟合作關係，唔少人都缺乏認識。
幾時講埋ana
未咁快， JAL都仲有下集
2002年後 > 冇咗隻鶴就唔係JAL
都唔知點解管理層會通過 > 這樣平庸的logo
隻鶴 > 唔使賣廣告都知係乜JAL
新logo 買咗廣告都唔知是JAL > 真係失敗
期待下一集 👍
747-SR100 (可以坐500人很誇張)
遺憾JAL123 坐咗524人 > 死咗520人
四個生存者 > 史上最大的死亡空難
請問下一集去左邊
日航真係好鍾意747。 100，200，100SR,SR46,SRSUD,300,300SRS,400,400D仲有全貨機版本嘅200F同400F😹真係好難唔破產。不過講真70-90年代佢都幾風光，可以為咗開直飛紐約而同波音訂咗3架用咗747-300引擎同加大油箱嘅特別版747-200真係利害🤣
PS 提起MD11點可以唔提DC10。除咗DC10-40,日航又叫人整個國內線版本（DC-10-40D)🤣
當年符合日航航程需求的機種很有限。那時的空中巴士 A300B4 滿載下連東京直飛香港也做不到(也是點解當年國泰買二手L1011 的原因,後來有A330 才做到)，全日空買洛歇L1011 又鬧出醜聞 (版主又可以開一集)，那時全日空也未有國際線，再者日本政府又有一個唔正常高的商務位比例要求，大量買747係有道理
@@kkw2237 大量買唔係問題，但係大量買唔同型號先利害
Just my personal opinion:
For most folks from HK, their image of JAL is mostly quality customer care+service and may be even Japanese-style glamour.
Very informative and well researched story about the darker side of JAL history.
日本航空技術在戰後其實從未中斷過，尤其是三菱同中島飛行(現今富士工)都將技術轉移到汽車身上，在1960年日本製造出自己的民航飛機YS-11
日本係波音飛機唔少重要零件嘅生產商。 波音 787 有三成以上部件係日本製造，三菱、富士、川崎，就係最大供應商，呢幾間都係二戰期間已經存在嘅飛機工業 。同呢啲工業同航空公司係關連企業，所以日本嘅航空公司，一向都鍾情買波音。另外，日本係早在70 年代初已經成功自製火箭同發放人造衛星；雖然當中有唔少技術其實係美國提供⋯⋯
Thanks!
多謝支持😊
期待下一集，更加精彩的内容。先生道出一些鲜为人知的真相，资料豐富详尽。
每集內容都充實，但錄音可唔可以大聲D??太細聲啦
你可以調音量，我這邊覺得可以，除非你耳朵，，，
最新嘅JAL logo同你show出黎嗰個唔同
真係？點樣架？
123 係一場悲劇 以前聽過段黑盒錄音 唔知係你有冇聽到
講返哩次意外其實係dc8設計出咗問題 導致金屬疲勞 機尾嘅上下升降葉支控制桿斷咗 之後成個機尾再斷開 機師好努力控制駕機 但佢哋唔知已經冇咗機尾 經過深入查 發現係控制桿出問題 所以之後就強制性飛過廿萬就要換支金屬桿 所以之後推出DC9代替出問題嘅dc8
所以係唔關航空公司時 手冊上面冇寫到要咁早換
期待ANA的故事
@ 20:25:
A core fundamental reason why JAL operated so many 747s circa 1970~2000 was very very limited airport infrastructure capacity @ its largest home bases/hubs during that era:
1) 747 offered far more seats per aircraft while burning equal or less fuel per seat than any other types in production during that era.
2) All JAL hub airports had strict night curfew limiting very early morning+late night takeoff/landing slots available per day during that era Remember the limited op hours @ Itami(still is today) while KIX(Kansai), Japan's 1st ever 24hrs airport, wasn't open until 1994? Similar limited op hours @ Nagoya Komaki while the 24hrs NGO(Chubu) wasn't open until 2005? Even Haneda wasn't allowed 24hrs op until a new runway was built in 1997 all the way inside Tokyo Bay east from the terminal.
3) In 1990, totally only 3 runways for Tokyo @ Haneda+Narita and only 2 runways for Osaka @ Itami. Today totally 6 runways for Tokyo and 4 runways @ Itami+Kansai.
4) Most people today(even Japan experts) do not realize that air travel in Japan was growing at a faster rate before 1990(basically the bubble era) than it is today.
In summary, JAL needed very large aircrafts because there were not enough takeoff/landing slots in Japan
to fly many more smaller aircrafts. ANA had lesser need for 747 during that era because it had almost no International operation rights before that JAL civil aviation regulation law(I.e. essentially a law giving JAL a monopoly on international flights since its birth in 1950s) expired in 1987.
去日本✈️首選JAL及ANA，這兩間日本航空公司齊體嘅服務及體驗比HK間X泰好！
@siu-hung Hung 嗯 這個都是好重要因素 去日本 真的好喜歡 選用 ANA
應該唔係浮係得jal 同工會反哂面 我成日都見唔同國家航空業d工會同工司反哂面😂😂
好彩已好少見有罷工
我係咪 Miss 左第二集，搵唔到
未出呀😎
抱歉在頻道中找不到下一集，請問能提供標題嗎？
唔好意思、未整下集🥲
@@deepestjapan 明白，加油~~
問題越解決解多 vs 問題越解決越多 (溫馨提示: 仲有其他字幕錯字)
日本其實喺60年代已經研發新一代螺旋槳客機YS-11,並吸引日本各航空公司/甚至海上保安廳購入
半澤直樹第二輯其中講嘅故事係關於一間航空公司，唔通就係影射JAL？
正就係JAL
這條片出來的5日前, 成功救活JAL的稲盛和夫離世了。他的職業生涯也挺適合當寫片的題材。
JAL下集就係講以佢為主的年代
I remember it was really a miracle rescue of JAL by Kazuo Inamori 2010-2012. For me, his most amazing achievement was it took him less than 3 yrs to turn JAL from the start of bankruptcy(I.e. stock price basically re-set to zero) in 2010 to successfully re-listing JAL stock @ record-high stock price in 2012 - it was the 2nd biggest IPO in the world back in 2012.
His story @ JAL is quoted by business schools worldwide as a text book example of how to successfully conduct a corporate turnaround in the modern era.
是你令我睇到日本千瘡百孔的過往歷史，從以往盲目崇拜日本科技同埋產品，到今天對日本認識深了已經沒有以往的着迷。我再去日本都係純粹浸溫泉吃懷石料料理同埋睇天然風景。
知多啲會有趣啲。齋浸溫泉同食懷石料理也不錯
主唱日本歌曲”上を向いて歩こう”(昂首向前走) (即“Sukiyaki” 壽喜燒)的著名歌手坂本九先生也在JL123空難之中喪生😢
同感です。
🥺🥺
お疲れ様、
令我想起"銀翼のイカロス"
👍
年青時去日本旅行一直很希望可以坐JAL的機，那個時代JAL 是名牌航空公司 (其實可能已經出現很多問題，只是我不知道) 因為價錢太貴，最終到今天也沒乘坐過，現在LCC盛行，應該沒什麼人會想坐吧，但我還是有點情意結，好想坐一次
我一直以為鷹山意外主要原因是波音的機，曾聽說波音飛機其實在各方面都有很多問題，好像維修，零件，機司等等，所以現在大部份航空公司都轉用AIR BUS，只有某些國家繼續用波音 (因為便宜一點？吧)
JAL主力仲有767同777， 而家已好少意外，
其實各有各好同壞嘅。波音嘅產品亦都唔錯，我曾經聽過好多維修嘅人講波音好整過airbus。其實講真航空公司買飛機除咗政治因素之外，仲有要睇品質，營運成本等各種因素考慮。再講，有陣時減起價上嚟，airbus仲平過Boeing (以737同320為例子）不過近年來波音嘅產品的而且確比較失望。
P.S. 波音嘅飛機仲有好多航空公司都用緊。（例如用日航，全日空，國泰，華航，韓亞，長榮，英航，法航，KLM, 阿聯酋，聯合，漢莎，達美，新加坡等等都有用緊波音嘅飛機。）
@@deepestjapan 其實767同777已經開始準備退役（尤其係777-200ER），以後嘅寬體客機主力會係A350同787
其實 最難是 質量 保持
保養 維修 難度 和要求
最慘人性 原因 當 買左 件野 番黎 先發現 維修保護 搞唔掂
就會 自行 下調 準則 這才要命
最簡單 如 工廠要求 某個組件 要可以運作 100 小時便要更換
但公司要慳錢 就 唔理 工作時數 改用 肉眼辦識損耗 再決定更新
其實 這種情況 現今 不同 工業 都會出現 有要求代價 就是 錢 成本
當然今時今日 計數果班 就會計 風險 和 保險 圍唔圍到數
真的 JAL 對我 第一次 坐飛機 來說好像好特別 初初另一間想試 杜拜AIR
我記得有一次 真的 特登 不坐 CX 改座 JAL
不知 是不是不同 機種 型號 感覺那次 JAL 空間感好過 CX 那些
除了這個外 差別不算太大 當然食 品相對 日式
啊還有一個 跟 CX 不同 感覺就是 空姐
當有機會 試過不同 航空公司 CX 越黎越傾向 歐美平價航空 那種態度
可能跟 平均工資 有關
相對上 無咁富貴地區既 航空公司 空服 係 交戲好多 除了買 機票 那一下以外 較容易 發覺自己是一位顧客.
日航123😢😢
好似仲有1982年福岡機場去羽田機場空難
the salaries and benefits of the crew in the 80s could match securities brokers' paychecks !
我淨係記得JAL123
如你所說的滙率、油價、高薪也是對所有航空公司的死穴！弱弱一提：當旅遊業遇上911、leman brother或Covid……神仙也沒有辦法！😓
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而家日本航空客量終於追過返全日空，用咗8年時間
香港飛日本黎講,
JAL dreamliner 2-4-2 vs ANA dreamliner 3-3-3 已經贏晒
For exactly the same reason U refer to, JL(I.e. AL) completely lose against NH(I.e. ANA) in terms of operating Cost per Average Seat Mile(i.e. CASM) and therefore cost competitiveness - poor total seat count available to sell on exactly the same aircraft type on exactly the same route. In Y class(Economy - a.k.a. mass commodity class in this day & age), no other 787(i.e. Dreamliner) operator in the world use 8 seats per row except JL for logical economic reason. Simple high school level math can show U this seat layout only makes financial sense only if JL can consistently charge 12.5% higher Y class fare than NH.....a totally unrealistic market expectation for the vast majority of Y class consumers/passengers who are willing to switch airlines instantly just to save 4~5%(let alone 12.5%) in ticket price. If a person doesn't care about a 12.5% difference in airfare, he/she is probably rich enough to afford to NOT flying in economy class anyway.....and if we are being honest, we know there are practically no difference between JAL vs ANA in their J class(business) on 787.
No doubt passengers believe the 2-4-2 seat layout on JAL 787 is superior to other airlines' 787 but those same passengers simply don't care what that would do to the cost competitiveness of JAL and therefore its long-term financial survival/bankruptcy risk like JAL already did once before. If we look back at the History of the airline industry, it is littered with so many failed airlines which had products+services superior to their competitors.
JAL同ANA都未坐過，不過都想了解多啲兩間航空公司，今次條片一樣大開眼界。我諗大家更想嘅，係可以飛到日本自由行……
70,80年代，還空難。。。
日航123航機有兒時喜歡的歌手坂本九
睇完條片, 唔係好敢再搭JAL.... 而且個人比較喜歡ANA
空難度度都差唔多
空難其實可以有好多唔同嘅原因嘅。唔一定關航空公司事。
就在這篇影片發佈後的隔日,將日航從破產導向重生的稻盛和夫與世長辭了,向一代宗師致上敬意
真的算得上 一代宗師
日本好多上一代大企業 好好彩 還可以遇到 不同的 猛人 支持
還看 進入 2020 後世代 的日本巨企 還有沒有那種幸運
👍👍👍💁💁💁
又講高天原山空難！
我之前去日本，係幫襯大陸嘅東方航空，喺上海轉機
Ana, JAL 兩大巨頭都未坐過...
而家都係興LCC
如果想知道JAL123空難詳細的經過
可以看看這條片
ua-cam.com/video/dnuLJVpQQRM/v-deo.html
愈睇愈覺得日本真係俾美國狠狠咁食住⋯⋯
鬼叫美國佬係二戰後世上唯一強國😅
調番轉睇，日本戰後經濟急促發展，某程度韓戰都有正面影響嘅，同埋如果你講食住，日本明治維新好多思想文化制度都係跟西方國家，就連動漫都係日本師承美國，不過青出於藍，日本動漫敢於用成人觀眾角度 去製作，先造成anime 全球熱潮
I guess u are right which explains why:
1) About 10yrs ago, JAL started to order Airbus A350 to completely replace their Boeing 777 fleet(I.e. the largest+longest range type they fly today).
2) Also about 10yrs ago, instead of an all-Boeing fleet, ANA started to order Airbus A380 + large numbers of A320Neo family.
3) JAS, 1 of the predecessor airline of today's JAL and Japan's 3rd largest airline before merger with JAL, was 1 of the earliest Airbus customer from 1980.
But wait a minute, Airbus is not American......so Japan also 'eaten' by Europe as u said and not just by the U.S.?......
@@felixli5279 i would say japan flight technology in pro second world war period has not disappeared, but just applied on different sector. It is the bullet train sector. If US did not ban Japan from flight manufacturing, i think those experts would not go to train industry.
主題揭示日本的弊端
國泰都係俾出身機師嘅高層同工會搞死
我在個舊同學喺日航做空姐, 依家唔知點lu......
有做空姐的舊同學唔錯喎，可以知好多行內野
JAL 呢集吊晒引喎,快D講官商勾結喇,同埋估唔到白色戀人嗰集收視咁差,段估去過北海道一定中意睇架
JAL ANA
多謝！
多謝支持😊