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Swales and Berms are Best, Right?
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- Опубліковано 19 сер 2024
- This Q&A is pulled from a collection of questions posed to me by students of my Online Permaculture Design course (PDC). Learn about permaculture with my free four-part Masterclass series, here:
www.discoverpe...
Question: In the Mediterranean climate, swales and berms are best right? When does one decide to allow for a bit more exposure or evaporation in the design? In arid clearly, EVERY opportunity to conserve must be taken, in humid climates sometimes too much water is the issue, what is the best way to think about straddling the line?
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About Geoff:
Geoff is a world-renowned permaculture consultant, designer, and teacher. He has established permaculture demonstration sites that function as education centers in all the world’s extreme climates - information on the success of these systems is networked through the Permaculture Research Institute and the www.permaculturenews.org website.
About Permaculture:
Permaculture (en.wikipedia.o...) integrates land, resources, people and the environment through mutually beneficial synergies - imitating the no waste, closed loop systems seen in diverse natural systems. Permaculture applies holistic solutions that are applicable in rural and urban contexts and at any scale. It is a multidisciplinary toolbox including agriculture, water harvesting and hydrology, energy, natural building, forestry, waste management, animal systems, aquaculture, appropriate technology, economics, and community development.
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![Swales: Earthworks for Conservation and Storage [PDC Preview]](/img/n.gif)
In South Indian arid regions we get sudden random rainfall and long dry seasons , traditional farmers used to dig swales deeper and wider and interconnect them with the neighbouring fields in case of flash floods ( which happens most of the time due to tropical cyclones ) . The swales are diverted to recharge wells in curves where erosion occurs and the rest water is sent into coconut plantations where water soaks in really well and the water reaching the rivers is only to about 10% . Hope it works in other arid and semi arid regions .
Thanks Geoff, I did a PDC online back in 2011 with you and up untill now my projects have been small. Now I am designing a regenerative project on 18 hectares and I am so excited. Anyway, thank you for this explanation as I can see how our swales will eventually look on this block of land. So I'm planning swales, ponds or damns on 3 hectares, wetland restoration on 5 hectares, big food gardens, timber trees on 2 hectares, native areas, human dwellings and ponds designed here and there.
Amazing mahi you are doing Rina. I reckon Geoff would be impressed if he saw it
I live off grid in Montana at 6300', 12 inches of water, zone 3 -40 in winter. I live on south facing slope. We have a decomposed granite soil if you will. Swales and terraces add a huge advantage for me.
Man these videos are so helpful and informative. Thanks for getting some knowledgeable insight out there
Thank you. Cleared that up nicely. I have heard that Swales are not appropriate in all situations but now I think they are, but adapted to our specific situations. I think one article or video I saw elsewhere was arguing against hugel Swales as when the floods came, the still dry logs under got pulled up and contributed to flooding and a lot of damage in one area. Looks like checking out the facts and right way to do it first is key. Thanks.
spotting his cute dog in every video is fun
As an approach..... swales offer any steward the opportunity to control water by holding it and by moving it to where it would better serve both in the immediate and in long term perspectives.
Greetings from the LooseNatural farm in Andalusia. Swales, swales, swales!
Very helpful!! Cheers
Third, Swales are definitely good :)
G'day mate, thanks great video.
Hey Geoff , any comments on Natural sequence use of Leaky weirs and the odd swale up at the height of the flood plain ? Just reading Peter Andrews book now , back from the brink . I believe you Designed some swaling systems at Mulloon creek ? Thanks Mate keep up the great work .
second goddammit, good video. can't wait to see more =)
How do you deside for water reserves for indian plains in tropics?
I live on sloping land where water run off is an issue at the lower levels. In fact, it has caused some erosion and settling of water at the bottom of hills. Can I use swales and berms at the higher levels to slow the rate of run off and redirect it ?
Do you get more mosquito with the swales?
Good question. I want a pond on my property I wonder if that would do the same. If you have too many mosquitoes then you have a bat and chicken deficiency. 😉
I live in Poland, zone 6b and on my property I have water table at 1.5m down in mostly clay soil. We have wet springs and fall but summers can be dry.
I was thinking about swales to connect them with duck system, but I heard that swales can rise the water table and I don't want it to be higher.
I have exactly the same situation. Stefan Sobkowiak explain IT a bit on Permaculture Orchard movie. I think we should rise our berms up to 1m or more, so the roots od the trees could be 2,5m above the water table. Can you help us with this Geoff? Please 😉
In my opinion if your watertable is that high swales will rise it even higher; more water retained=more groundwater=higher water table. But in the other hand if your soil is clay, the additional groundwater might be unable to get higher because of the clay barrier...I'm not sure about that...but what I'm sure about is that we need to be very cautious when implementing a technique that have a potentially profound effect on land, because if something goes wrong it could be a massive disaster!
I remember a story...that after a permaculture project a dude killed all of the olive trees on a farm in Morocco in a matter of a few years by implementing swales. He didn't take into consideration that in that part of Morocco winter is pretty rainy (typical mediterranean climate with super dry summer but very wet winter) and the swales retained too much water and drown the olive trees which don't like to have wet feet...Maybe other tree species wouldn't have minded having wet feet during the winter and would have enjoyed the additional water available during the summer...but it killed olive trees...things aren't always that simple!
Did you notice that your mature trees get drought stressed during summer? If not it means that the watertable still has water in summer and the trees are capable to get their water, so maybe swales would be useless or couterproductive if it rises watertable even higher...
@@Kalpapada But how about the space between berms? If the watertable is rised too high all the space between berms can get unusable because of too much water. Unless the watertable is already too high everywhere on the land to the point that everything is drowning, in this case berms are used as a means of rising the tree roots above that watertable, rising an already high watertable isn't advised.
@@LeChristEstRoi Thanks for you answers Christus Rex. I don't think water table is that high everywhere. I have dug a few test holes and observe they all dries during dry summers. I did not notice trees stressed by drought. I though it would be better to place a set of slightly off contour swales to avoid stagnant water for longer periods. And with a pond above food forest I could irrigate if necessary. But I have no experience in this... Yet 😁
siedlisko Kalpapada if the swale is off contour it’s a diversion drain and will transport water from one area to another. You need to be able to take this water to a dam then.
💖💖💖💖💖💖
Me, looking at video length: Nice
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how can i make swales if i have a really sandy and flat soil?
You don't need to. Use a simpler modification to catch erosive sediments and to concentrate moisture into a managed location (like fruit tree guild). Soil texture is pretty high up the scale of permanence (Yeoman lists it low, mostly because we CAN and should increase organic matter) but you aren't going to change the free draining nature of sandy soils, only hold a bit more in SOM.
I thought it was a green screen...haha.
get your teeth fixed mate!