It is a tonal and analytic language, similar to other Kra-Dai languages as well as to Chinese and Vietnamese.[4] Spoken Lao is mutually intelligible with Thai and Isan, fellow Southwestern Tai languages, to such a degree that their speakers are able to effectively communicate with one another speaking their respective languages. These languages are written with slightly different scripts but are linguistically similar and effectively form a dialect continuum.[5] Although there is no official standard, the Vientiane dialect became the de facto standard language in Lao PDR, and the Khonkaen dialect became the de facto standard language in Isan in the second half of the 20th century.
I am a Thai who can understand Lao more than 90% and can read Lao script a little bit. The Thai and Lao languages have a high degree of mutual intelligibility by speaking.
3:03 I am wondering if the number 6 and 10 had been influenced by Sino-Tibetan somehow in some of these languages? Also the number 5 which seems to be either ha, haa, ba or pa seems similar to "ba" in Boroic languages which falls under Tibeto-Burman but I have not seen it in other groups of Tibeto-Burman languages where most of them maybe nga, ngo or something similar, and sometimes something completely alien.
Yes. A lot of Kra-Dai languages borrow numbers from 2 up to 10 from Sino-Tibetan at the proto stage. Some Kra languages preserve the earlier numbers that shows Austronesian affinity, but Tai languages definitely borrowed from Sino-Tibetan really early
Yes 5 and 6 are older loans from Old Chinese while the rest are newer loans from Middle Chinese. “Ha” (5) and “Hok” (6) in Thai is derived from Old Chinese /ŋaːʔ/ and /k.ruk/ respectively (Proto-Tai /haː/ and /krok/). There are newer loans in parellel “Ngua” and “Lok” which are derived from Middle Chinese /ŋuo/ and /lɨuk/ but Thai uses for child ordering (fifth son and sixth son).
First generation American born to Tai Dam parents here! This was the first time I’ve learned about the language tree of my people (Tai Lue). Thanks for the content. Besides linguistics, do you have information on the history of these peoples? Or have sources?
The reason why? Lao(Ai Lao) speak same language in Thailand. They are same roots family. Lao peoples have many dialect, sound and different words. If you go to Laos south north west East they are speaking different dialect and sound and use different words. But we are all Lao peoples As the Southwestern Tai-speaking peoples diverged, following paths down waterways, their dialects began to diverge into the various languages today, such as the Lao-Phuthai languages that developed along the Mekong River and includes Lao and its Isan sub-variety and the Chiang Saen languages which includes the Central Thai dialect that is the basis of Standard Thai. Despite their close relationship, there were several phonological divergences that drifted the languages apart with time such as the following examples:[10][11][12] PSWT *ml > Lao /m/, > Thai /l/ *mlɯn, 'slippery' > muen (ມື່ນ mun, /mɯ̄ːn/), > luen (ลื่น, /lɯ̂ːn/) PSWT *r (initial) > Lao /h/, > Thai /r/ *raːk, 'to vomit' > hak (ຮາກ, /hȃːk/), > rak (ราก, /râːk/) PSWT *ɲ > Lao /ɲ/, > Thai /j/ *ɲuŋ, 'mosquito' > nyung (ຍູງ, /ɲúːŋ/), > yung (ยุง, /jūŋ/) Similar influences and proximity allowed for both languages to converge in many aspects as well. Thai and Lao, although separated, passively influenced each other through centuries of proximity. For instance, the Proto-Southwestern Tai *mlɛːŋ has produced the expected Lao /m/ outcome maeng (ແມງ mèng, /mɛ́ːŋ/) and the expected Thai /l/ outcome laeng (แลง /lɛ̄ːŋ/), although this is only used in Royal Thai or restricted academic usage, with the common form malaeng (แมลง /máʔ lɛ̄ːŋ/), actually an archaic variant. In slang and relaxed speech, Thai also has maeng (แมง /mɛ̄ːŋ/), likely due to influence of Lao.[10] Thai and Lao also share similar sources of loan words. Aside from many of the deeply embedded Sinitic loan words adopted at various points in the evolution of Southwestern Tai at the periphery of Chinese influence, the Tais in Southeast Asia encountered the Khmer. Khmer loan words dominate all areas and registers of both languages and many are shared between them. Khmer loan words include body parts, urban living, tools, administration and local plants. The Thai, and likely the Lao, were able to make Khmer-style coinages that were later exported back to Khmer.[13] The heavy imprint of Khmer is shown in the genetics of Tai speakers, with samples from Thai and Isan people of Lao descent showing proof of both the Tai migration but also intermarriage and assimilation of local populations. Scholars such as Khanittanan propose that the deep genetic and linguistic impact of the autochthonous Khmer and their language indicates that the earliest days of Ayutthaya had a largely bilingual population.[14] Although evidence and research in Lao is lacking, major Lao cities were known to have been built atop existing Khmer settlements, suggesting assimilation of the locals. Isan and Lao commonly use a Khmer loan not found in Thai, khanong (ຂະໜົງ/ຂນົງ khanông, /kʰáʔ nŏŋ/), 'doorframe', from Khmer khnâng (ខ្នង, /knɑːŋ/), which means 'building', 'foundation' or 'dorsal ridge'.[13][15] Indic languages also pushed Thai and Lao closer together, particularly Sanskrit and Pali loan words that they share. Many Sanskrit words were adopted via the Khmer language, particularly concerning Indian concepts of astrology, astronomy, ritual, science, kingship, art, music, dance and mythology. New words were historically coined from Sanskrit roots just as European languages, including English, share Greek and Latin roots used for these purposes, such as 'telephone' from Greek roots τῆλε tēle, 'distant' and φωνή phōnē which was introduced in Thai as thorasap (โทรศัพท์, /tʰōː ráʔ sàp/) and spread to Isan as thorasap (ໂທຣະສັບ/ໂທລະສັບ thôrasap, /tʰóː lāʔ sáp/) from Sanskrit dura (दूर, /d̪ura/), 'distant', and śabda (शब्द, /ʃabd̪a/), 'sound'. Indic influences also came via Pali, the liturgical language of Theravada Buddhism.
Oh yeah keep this going, Andy! Your channel is such an international treasure and a living museum for all of the languages around the world. Plus your pronunciation of standard Thai (?) at the beginning was _s u b l i m e_ 😁✨ Btw, if you have the time to replenish your energy soon, would you do a video with subscribers, with their conlangs and stuff? Like comparing their numbers for example. I have several conlangs and really want to share to anyone who's interested hehe I believe that tons of your viewers are dedicated conlangers and have made a Neo-Babylonian empire of languages (pun intended), and it might be...you as well, Andy! Perhaps do this soon in the celebration of this channel, or anytime you wish 😄 Seribu thank you so much Andy, we're always with you! 💝🗺️✨
As a native Penang Hokkien speaker, I understand every single word they speak! Perhaps because the numbering systems are quite similar (and also I undestand and speak Siamese/Malaysian Thai Language). Sawasdee Krab/Sabaidee 🙏🏼
They are closer with cantonese rather than Hokkian. You can understand because perhaps you also understand cantonese. Btw, the number in Kra - Thai, some.of them are sino vocab not native Kra Dai
@@itshry Actually, if you speak or are at least familiar with Hokkien and its sibling languages like Minnan & Teochew, Thai and Lao do sound a lot like them especially Lao. Vietnamese sounds closer to Cantonese/Hakka IMO. And although more than half of Vietnamese vocabulary is borrowed/has Chinese roots, interestingly one (at least for me personally) can spot out Chinese-origin words in Thai/Lao more easily without even knowing the language. I remember guessing the meaning of some words like Bpa (mouth), song (to send), hong (room), si (Colour) etc correctly when I started watching Thai series. Although I didn't understand the whole sentences, I could slightly grasp what's being said due to those familiar words which happen to sound really close to their Chinese counterparts.
Thai buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with korea like numbers 3/sam, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), is example of few similarity
There are more Tai language speakers in northern province of Steung Treng Cambodia also. You should include both of those Tai languages in Northwest Vietnam and Northern Cambodia!
As an Austronesian speaker (Malay and Native Borneo languages), the Kra group gives me goosebumps with their sounds especially Ecun Buyang,Gabiao & Paha. Was Tai-Kradai part of Austronesian or vice versa? The possibility?
Kra-Dai languages remained in mainland China and Indochina and underwent varying influences of Sinitic and Indic languages, hence the name of the latter region. Autronesian, on the other hand, was taken to Taiwan where it retained characteristics that were lost due to language contact on the mainland.
Thai buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with korea like numbers 3/sam, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), is example of few similarity
Hi Andy,! I really like 👍 all if your wonderful language vids that you make each day so I was thinking that can I make an Playlist where some of your vids are? 😀 *Just Permission*
@@sunduncan1151 No I don't mean that. I know they live in Assam, because I am from Assam too. I meant why I didn't see any comment from Ahom community there
@@sunduncan1151 In India there are many Tai speakers such as Tai Ahom, Tai Khamti, Tai Assam etc… May I ask you a question ? What does the word Tai mean in your language/dialect ? Thanks in advance for your response.
How to count number says a lot about the relationships between languages / cultures. Even though the writing systems are completely different, saying ‘33’ or “20” in Thai is practically the same as in Cantonese or Korean. Language is surely a fascinating subject.
Actually Kra-Dai is a sub of Sino Tibetan because it originated in China Another number one in Thai is ยี่ (Yì) mostly use in the first month of Thai new year (April) It’s call เดือนยี่ Duean Yì (the old Thai word but still use in northern Thailand).
@@lauriel2002 ยี่ is two in Thai, while อ้าย is one. In fact, there's another set of number in Thai used for counting childs and childs name (archaic and not used anymore) อ้าย ญี่ สาม ไส งัว ลก เจด แปด เจ้า จ๋ง
@@thastayapongsak4422Thai buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with korea like numbers 3/sam, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), is example of few similarity, Chinese influence on thai family because under China rule, Tai are Austronesian, traditional house like "Stilt house" and v shape gable roof and love of water buffalos, toraja, Minangkabau, batak, bugis, Makassar, maranao, bajau, malay. Tai=Austronesian who supplanted heavy by sino-tibetian/Chinese language
The ancestors of the Lao people were speakers of Southwestern Tai dialects that migrated from what is now southeastern China, specifically what is now Guangxi and northern Vietnam where the diversity of various Tai languages suggests an Urheimat. The Southwestern Tai languages began to diverge from the Northern and Central branches of the Tai languages, covered mainly by various Zhuang languages, sometime around 112 CE, but likely completed by the sixth century.[8] Due to the influx of Han Chinese soldiers and settlers, the end of the Chinese occupation of Vietnam, the fall of Jiaozhi and turbulence associated with the decline and fall of the Tang dynasty led some of the Tai peoples speaking Southwestern Tai to flee into Southeast Asia, with the small-scale migration mainly taking place between the eighth and twelfth centuries. The Tais split and followed the major river courses, with the ancestral Lao originating in the Tai migrants that followed the Mekong River
Actually 1,2 in Thai we have two types If it more than 10 / 1 gonna pronounces èt such as 11 pronounces sìp-èt not sìp-nùeng and 2 when it on the first number( 20-29 ) it gonna pronounces yí such as 21 pronounces yí sìp èt
Lao, sometimes referred to as Laotian (ລາວ, [láːw] 'Lao' or ພາສາລາວ, [pʰáː sǎː láːw] 'Lao language'), is a Kra-Dai language of the Lao people. It is spoken in Laos, where it is the official language for around 7 million people, as well as in northeast Thailand, where it is used by around 23 million people, usually referred to as Isan. Lao serves as a lingua franca among the citizens of Laos, who also speak approximately 90 other languages, many of which are unrelated to Lao
My ex girlfriend spoke Zhuang, from Guiyang province. BTW, I know that at the end of words, numbers often mean the types of tone inflections (ex. 2, 4, 5). But some words have multiple numbers?! Is it fifty-two 53 or you read it as five and three (5, 3)? Really crazy if some languages have over 53 or 411 inflections! Or perhaps I’m misunderstanding 😅
Number 7,8 in Mulam sounds exactly like 7,8 in Sino-Vietnamese. We tend to use our native numeric system more than the Sino one. Sino-Vietnamese number is only used in some special cases. It seems like the Tai-Dai branch use middle Chinese influenced numeric system casually
The Lao language falls within the Lao-Phuthai group of languages, including its closest relatives, Phuthai (BGN/PCGN Phouthai) and Tai Yo. Together with Northwestern Tai-which includes Shan, Ahom and most Dai languages of China, the Chiang Saen languages-which include Standard Thai, Khorat Thai, and Tai Lanna-and Southern Tai form the Southwestern branch of Tai languages. Lao (including Isan) and Thai, although they occupy separate groups, are mutually intelligible and were pushed closer through contact and Khmer influence, but all Southwestern Tai languages are mutually intelligible to some degree. The Tai languages also include the languages of the Zhuang, which are split into the Northern and Central branches of the Tai languages. The Tai languages form a major division within the Kra-Dai language family, distantly related to other languages of southern China, such as the Hlai and Be languages of Hainan and the Kra and Kam-Sui languages on the Chinese Mainland and in neighbouring regions of northern Vietnam
1000 years of being under Chinese rule Vietnam still has its native numerals. Similar can be said for Korean and Japanese. Tai have completely lost all native numerals I assume the contact between proto-tai and Chinese was very early. It’s possible Tai is a sinitic language?
I'm Isan native speaker I live in Northeast Thailand , Isan language , if you want to know How is it ? Compare to Central Thai • Isan has Many Tonal , Intonation Than Standard Thai - Central thai Standard thai Speaking with Smooth tone Less Intonation or Tonal than Isan. ( Isan just like a Wave or Kite Floating on Sky .. ) • Speaking Fast and stubborn Or A bit Harsh accent ( Compared to Standard Thai) Sometimes it's sound like People fighting in Conversation But it's Natural accent. That We're spoken here. Anyway , It's has it own stereotypes As Amusing and Exciting language. For jokes , For Fun • There's many unique words That different from Standard Thai ( Of course , it's Similar to Laotian language ) Others. // - It's has it own image as Amusing language. - In many comedian movies, You can find it. - Isan is Very Popular here, It's Appears alot on Media , TV , Social Media , You can find it. - It's Contains with 20 millions speaker. Almost half of thai people. Make it , Isan is a Large number of Speakers , After Central thai in Thailand. And a lot of Isan People live in Bangkok. ( Many people live in BKK is from Northeast Thailand ) You can Hear isan language around in Bangkok !! Even though you doesn't live in Northeast Thailand area .
1. The numbers 3 and 4 seem to come from China. I wonder if the kra-dai languages have also imported tetraphobia along with the name for the number 4? 2. Lmao why is the sui speaker screaming 3. The kam-sui branch also seems to share numbers 5 and 6 with Japan, is that also Chinese influence?
There is no tetraphobia in Tai-Kradai language. The word for death is "ttaai" and from Proto-Austronesian root of "matay". "See/Sei" (4) doesn't rhyme with bad words.
No there is no 4-phobia in Thailand because our words related to death doesn't sound like any of the numbers. Culturally people import fear of number 13 and try to relate it to the word ghost in Thai if you rotate it counterclockwise but that's kind of like a middle school kind of story telling.
@@nokaton Thai family like buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with korea like numbers 3/sam, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), manok/manuk=bird or chicken, is example of few similarity, Chinese influence on thai family because under China rule, Tai are Austronesian, traditional house like "Stilt house" and v shape gable roof and love of water buffalos, toraja, Minangkabau, batak, bugis, Makassar, maranao, bajau, malay. Tai=Austronesian who supplanted heavy by sino-tibetian/Chinese language
@@farasbanas9564 Thai family like buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with Korean like numbers 3/sam, Japanese also have Chinese number lonword, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), manok/manuk=bird or chicken, is example of few similarity, Chinese influence on thai family because under China rule, Tai are Austronesian, traditional house like "Stilt house" and v shape gable roof and love of water buffalos, toraja, Minangkabau, batak, bugis, Makassar, maranao, bajau, malay. Tai=Austronesian who supplanted heavy by sino-tibetian/Chinese language, so Thailand genetically, linguistically, culturally are more closed to Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, Cocos Island, Timor and Philippines included Champa(LOST land to Vietnam)
As far as I know, the altaic origin hypothesis for turkic languages is mostly abandoned, it seems more likely that turkic languages may have a common root with indo-european and afro-asiatic (semitic) languages
I like how further down the languages retain their original numbers and are not influenced by Sinitic👍
Actually, most of them are influenced by Chinese ~🥹
It is a tonal and analytic language, similar to other Kra-Dai languages as well as to Chinese and Vietnamese.[4] Spoken Lao is mutually intelligible with Thai and Isan, fellow Southwestern Tai languages, to such a degree that their speakers are able to effectively communicate with one another speaking their respective languages. These languages are written with slightly different scripts but are linguistically similar and effectively form a dialect continuum.[5]
Although there is no official standard, the Vientiane dialect became the de facto standard language in Lao PDR, and the Khonkaen dialect became the de facto standard language in Isan in the second half of the 20th century.
Hi Andy can you please do the Austroasiatic languages
I am a Thai who can understand Lao more than 90% and can read Lao script a little bit. The Thai and Lao languages have a high degree of mutual intelligibility by speaking.
3:03 I am wondering if the number 6 and 10 had been influenced by Sino-Tibetan somehow in some of these languages? Also the number 5 which seems to be either ha, haa, ba or pa seems similar to "ba" in Boroic languages which falls under Tibeto-Burman but I have not seen it in other groups of Tibeto-Burman languages where most of them maybe nga, ngo or something similar, and sometimes something completely alien.
Yes. A lot of Kra-Dai languages borrow numbers from 2 up to 10 from Sino-Tibetan at the proto stage.
Some Kra languages preserve the earlier numbers that shows Austronesian affinity, but Tai languages definitely borrowed from Sino-Tibetan really early
for sure. Most of the languages have thsee borrowings:
3 sam - sam
4 si - si
5 ha - nga
6 hok - lok
7 tset - tsit
8 pet - pet
9 kau - kau
10 sip - sip
True. 3 to 10 has a strong Middle Chinese flavor to it
Yes 5 and 6 are older loans from Old Chinese while the rest are newer loans from Middle Chinese. “Ha” (5) and “Hok” (6) in Thai is derived from Old Chinese /ŋaːʔ/ and /k.ruk/
respectively (Proto-Tai /haː/ and /krok/). There are newer loans in parellel “Ngua” and “Lok” which are derived from Middle Chinese /ŋuo/ and /lɨuk/ but Thai uses for child ordering (fifth son and sixth son).
@@vincentxiao1836 even the number 2 'song' is actually a Sino-Tibetan loanword
双 = double/bi
First generation American born to Tai Dam parents here! This was the first time I’ve learned about the language tree of my people (Tai Lue). Thanks for the content. Besides linguistics, do you have information on the history of these peoples? Or have sources?
The reason why? Lao(Ai Lao) speak same language in Thailand. They are same roots family. Lao peoples have many dialect, sound and different words. If you go to Laos south north west East they are speaking different dialect and sound and use different words. But we are all Lao peoples
As the Southwestern Tai-speaking peoples diverged, following paths down waterways, their dialects began to diverge into the various languages today, such as the Lao-Phuthai languages that developed along the Mekong River and includes Lao and its Isan sub-variety and the Chiang Saen languages which includes the Central Thai dialect that is the basis of Standard Thai. Despite their close relationship, there were several phonological divergences that drifted the languages apart with time such as the following examples:[10][11][12]
PSWT *ml > Lao /m/, > Thai /l/
*mlɯn, 'slippery' > muen (ມື່ນ mun, /mɯ̄ːn/), > luen (ลื่น, /lɯ̂ːn/)
PSWT *r (initial) > Lao /h/, > Thai /r/
*raːk, 'to vomit' > hak (ຮາກ, /hȃːk/), > rak (ราก, /râːk/)
PSWT *ɲ > Lao /ɲ/, > Thai /j/
*ɲuŋ, 'mosquito' > nyung (ຍູງ, /ɲúːŋ/), > yung (ยุง, /jūŋ/)
Similar influences and proximity allowed for both languages to converge in many aspects as well. Thai and Lao, although separated, passively influenced each other through centuries of proximity. For instance, the Proto-Southwestern Tai *mlɛːŋ has produced the expected Lao /m/ outcome maeng (ແມງ mèng, /mɛ́ːŋ/) and the expected Thai /l/ outcome laeng (แลง /lɛ̄ːŋ/), although this is only used in Royal Thai or restricted academic usage, with the common form malaeng (แมลง /máʔ lɛ̄ːŋ/), actually an archaic variant. In slang and relaxed speech, Thai also has maeng (แมง /mɛ̄ːŋ/), likely due to influence of Lao.[10]
Thai and Lao also share similar sources of loan words. Aside from many of the deeply embedded Sinitic loan words adopted at various points in the evolution of Southwestern Tai at the periphery of Chinese influence, the Tais in Southeast Asia encountered the Khmer. Khmer loan words dominate all areas and registers of both languages and many are shared between them. Khmer loan words include body parts, urban living, tools, administration and local plants. The Thai, and likely the Lao, were able to make Khmer-style coinages that were later exported back to Khmer.[13] The heavy imprint of Khmer is shown in the genetics of Tai speakers, with samples from Thai and Isan people of Lao descent showing proof of both the Tai migration but also intermarriage and assimilation of local populations. Scholars such as Khanittanan propose that the deep genetic and linguistic impact of the autochthonous Khmer and their language indicates that the earliest days of Ayutthaya had a largely bilingual population.[14] Although evidence and research in Lao is lacking, major Lao cities were known to have been built atop existing Khmer settlements, suggesting assimilation of the locals. Isan and Lao commonly use a Khmer loan not found in Thai, khanong (ຂະໜົງ/ຂນົງ khanông, /kʰáʔ nŏŋ/), 'doorframe', from Khmer khnâng (ខ្នង, /knɑːŋ/), which means 'building', 'foundation' or 'dorsal ridge'.[13][15]
Indic languages also pushed Thai and Lao closer together, particularly Sanskrit and Pali loan words that they share. Many Sanskrit words were adopted via the Khmer language, particularly concerning Indian concepts of astrology, astronomy, ritual, science, kingship, art, music, dance and mythology. New words were historically coined from Sanskrit roots just as European languages, including English, share Greek and Latin roots used for these purposes, such as 'telephone' from Greek roots τῆλε tēle, 'distant' and φωνή phōnē which was introduced in Thai as thorasap (โทรศัพท์, /tʰōː ráʔ sàp/) and spread to Isan as thorasap (ໂທຣະສັບ/ໂທລະສັບ thôrasap, /tʰóː lāʔ sáp/) from Sanskrit dura (दूर, /d̪ura/), 'distant', and śabda (शब्द, /ʃabd̪a/), 'sound'. Indic influences also came via Pali, the liturgical language of Theravada Buddhism.
Omg i'm from Thailand thank you to make kra-dai language!
You speak Thai it's very cute. You speak Thai very well🥰
สบายดีครับ ขอบคุณที่ทำเรื่องนี้ขึ้นมา ชอบมากครับ love this Chanel from thai ❤️
Thai vietnam and lao and thailand is a one
Oh yeah keep this going, Andy! Your channel is such an international treasure and a living museum for all of the languages around the world. Plus your pronunciation of standard Thai (?) at the beginning was _s u b l i m e_ 😁✨
Btw, if you have the time to replenish your energy soon, would you do a video with subscribers, with their conlangs and stuff? Like comparing their numbers for example. I have several conlangs and really want to share to anyone who's interested hehe
I believe that tons of your viewers are dedicated conlangers and have made a Neo-Babylonian empire of languages (pun intended), and it might be...you as well, Andy! Perhaps do this soon in the celebration of this channel, or anytime you wish 😄
Seribu thank you so much Andy, we're always with you! 💝🗺️✨
As a native Penang Hokkien speaker, I understand every single word they speak! Perhaps because the numbering systems are quite similar (and also I undestand and speak Siamese/Malaysian Thai Language). Sawasdee Krab/Sabaidee 🙏🏼
They are closer with cantonese rather than Hokkian. You can understand because perhaps you also understand cantonese. Btw, the number in Kra - Thai, some.of them are sino vocab not native Kra Dai
Yes the Tai Branch took the middle chinese numbers. So their numbers are similar to the „older“ chinese languages.
A Likely story
@@itshry Actually, if you speak or are at least familiar with Hokkien and its sibling languages like Minnan & Teochew, Thai and Lao do sound a lot like them especially Lao. Vietnamese sounds closer to Cantonese/Hakka IMO. And although more than half of Vietnamese vocabulary is borrowed/has Chinese roots, interestingly one (at least for me personally) can spot out Chinese-origin words in Thai/Lao more easily without even knowing the language. I remember guessing the meaning of some words like Bpa (mouth), song (to send), hong (room), si (Colour) etc correctly when I started watching Thai series. Although I didn't understand the whole sentences, I could slightly grasp what's being said due to those familiar words which happen to sound really close to their Chinese counterparts.
Thai buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with korea like numbers 3/sam, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), is example of few similarity
There are more Tai language speakers in northern province of Steung Treng Cambodia also. You should include both of those Tai languages in Northwest Vietnam and Northern Cambodia!
Can you do Austronesian languages next? I'm a native Filipino and I would love to see my language!
Andy is too Filipino.
@@theworldoflanguages8772 Andy is Filipino too*
But woah, never thought she was a Filipino! Haha
@@tadepic45 really? Her accent was always obvious 😎
You should include the Tai languages from northwestern of Vietnam.
As an Austronesian speaker (Malay and Native Borneo languages), the Kra group gives me goosebumps with their sounds especially Ecun Buyang,Gabiao & Paha. Was Tai-Kradai part of Austronesian or vice versa? The possibility?
I think we all connected. 😊
Some words at its roots still has similarity, like eyes, tongue, shoulder, leg and arse. Or just like thi ni thi na = disini disana
It's been said that Kra-Dai was branched out of Austronesian
Kra-Dai languages remained in mainland China and Indochina and underwent varying influences of Sinitic and Indic languages, hence the name of the latter region. Autronesian, on the other hand, was taken to Taiwan where it retained characteristics that were lost due to language contact on the mainland.
Thai buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with korea like numbers 3/sam, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), is example of few similarity
0:06 Oh hello I'm Chau chanboranya. I like your video from Cambodia......🤗
And thanks you so much for knowledge.....🤗💙
Hi Andy,! I really like 👍 all if your wonderful language vids that you make each day so I was thinking that can I make an Playlist where some of your vids are? 😀 *Just Permission*
Generally there are a lot of Ahom people in Kra-dai language videos. Where are they all today?
Ahom people are still living in Assam today but they speak Assamese while their ancestral Tai Ahom language can be found in their traditional rituals.
@@sunduncan1151 No I don't mean that. I know they live in Assam, because I am from Assam too. I meant why I didn't see any comment from Ahom community there
Ahom seperate from shan (which come from lanna) so authentic ahom should sound like shan people.
@@o0...957 give it like a month i'm sure they will eventually show up.
@@sunduncan1151 In India there are many Tai speakers such as Tai Ahom, Tai Khamti, Tai Assam etc… May I ask you a question ? What does the word Tai mean in your language/dialect ? Thanks in advance for your response.
The Zhuang counting sounds identical to my wife's dialect (sze-yap) being very "teeth on tongue" emphasis
Make a video about Mon-Khmer language please
How to count number says a lot about the relationships between languages / cultures. Even though the writing systems are completely different, saying ‘33’ or “20” in Thai is practically the same as in Cantonese or Korean. Language is surely a fascinating subject.
I like your videos Andy is more educational and animated on UA-cam you are my fan and always watching. 🙂
0:03 สบายดีครับ แล้วคุณล่ะ พูดภาษาไทยชัดแจ๋วเลยนะครับ🇹🇭
Thank you for the amazing video! Keep them coming!
You should include the Tai languages of Northeast India.
Please Andy, when you can find time do the Arawakan languages.
these numerals seem to be largely loans from Sino-Tibetan. can you do one with Kra-Dai retentions?
Guys tai ahom language is tai kra dai language yes or no ?
7 of zhuang should be ɕat or ive mistaken?
Only the number one, Neng, is native Kra-Dai word, 2 - 10 is borrowed from Sino Tibeto Numbers
1. nùeng (Native Kra-Dai)
2. sŏng 双 Shuang/Sang
3. săm 三 San/Sam
4. sì 四 Si/See
5. hâ 五 Wu/Ngo/
6. hòk 六 Liu/Liok
7. chèt 七 Chee/Chit
8. pàet 八 Ba/Pek/Pak
9. kâo 九 Jiu/Kau/Kiu
10. sìp 十 Shi/Sip/Tsap
Actually Kra-Dai is a sub of Sino Tibetan because it originated in China
Another number one in Thai is ยี่ (Yì) mostly use in the first month of Thai new year (April) It’s call เดือนยี่ Duean Yì (the old Thai word but still use in northern Thailand).
I guessed so too, they sound quite similar to Japanese numbers and those are mostly loans from Chinese too.
@@lauriel2002 ยี่ is two in Thai, while อ้าย is one. In fact, there's another set of number in Thai used for counting childs and childs name (archaic and not used anymore) อ้าย ญี่ สาม ไส งัว ลก เจด แปด เจ้า จ๋ง
@@lauriel2002 ยี่สิบ is twenty for example, but twenty is ซาว in Lao and Isaan.
@@thastayapongsak4422Thai buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with korea like numbers 3/sam, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), is example of few similarity, Chinese influence on thai family because under China rule, Tai are Austronesian, traditional house like "Stilt house" and v shape gable roof and love of water buffalos, toraja, Minangkabau, batak, bugis, Makassar, maranao, bajau, malay. Tai=Austronesian who supplanted heavy by sino-tibetian/Chinese language
Can you make a video on African languages like Amharic, Zulu, Masai, Bantu etc. I want to learn them. I am from Assam.
The ancestors of the Lao people were speakers of Southwestern Tai dialects that migrated from what is now southeastern China, specifically what is now Guangxi and northern Vietnam where the diversity of various Tai languages suggests an Urheimat. The Southwestern Tai languages began to diverge from the Northern and Central branches of the Tai languages, covered mainly by various Zhuang languages, sometime around 112 CE, but likely completed by the sixth century.[8] Due to the influx of Han Chinese soldiers and settlers, the end of the Chinese occupation of Vietnam, the fall of Jiaozhi and turbulence associated with the decline and fall of the Tang dynasty led some of the Tai peoples speaking Southwestern Tai to flee into Southeast Asia, with the small-scale migration mainly taking place between the eighth and twelfth centuries. The Tais split and followed the major river courses, with the ancestral Lao originating in the Tai migrants that followed the Mekong River
Please go for Avestan on the next video! 👍🏻
Very good I am Thai 🙏🙏🙏♥️🥰
Actually 1,2 in Thai we have two types
If it more than 10 / 1 gonna pronounces èt such as 11 pronounces sìp-èt not sìp-nùeng
and 2 when it on the first number( 20-29 ) it gonna pronounces yí such as 21 pronounces yí sìp èt
Lao, sometimes referred to as Laotian (ລາວ, [láːw] 'Lao' or ພາສາລາວ, [pʰáː sǎː láːw] 'Lao language'), is a Kra-Dai language of the Lao people. It is spoken in Laos, where it is the official language for around 7 million people, as well as in northeast Thailand, where it is used by around 23 million people, usually referred to as Isan. Lao serves as a lingua franca among the citizens of Laos, who also speak approximately 90 other languages, many of which are unrelated to Lao
There's no Tai-Ahom?
My ex girlfriend spoke Zhuang, from Guiyang province.
BTW, I know that at the end of words, numbers often mean the types of tone inflections (ex. 2, 4, 5). But some words have multiple numbers?! Is it fifty-two 53 or you read it as five and three (5, 3)?
Really crazy if some languages have over 53 or 411 inflections! Or perhaps I’m misunderstanding 😅
it’s a sequence, so 53 is a high to mid falling tone. 212 is a low dipping tone.
@@Silverdotpoint could be vowel length idk
can you do khasi-palaungic
Your Thai language so good
Middle Chinese influenced!!! So much like the southern-Min dialect/ hokkien.
Old and Middle from what I was told by some UA-cam linguist. 5 and 6 are loaned from old Chinese.
Can someone explain the superscript in the way the languages are written?
Kradai counting system really got heavily influenced by the Sino-Tibetan family.
Number 7,8 in Mulam sounds exactly like 7,8 in Sino-Vietnamese. We tend to use our native numeric system more than the Sino one. Sino-Vietnamese number is only used in some special cases. It seems like the Tai-Dai branch use middle Chinese influenced numeric system casually
Hello👋 i am from laos 🇱🇦✌️
kra language (numbers) looks like Austronesian languages, especially the numbers 1,4,5,6,7
The Lao language falls within the Lao-Phuthai group of languages, including its closest relatives, Phuthai (BGN/PCGN Phouthai) and Tai Yo. Together with Northwestern Tai-which includes Shan, Ahom and most Dai languages of China, the Chiang Saen languages-which include Standard Thai, Khorat Thai, and Tai Lanna-and Southern Tai form the Southwestern branch of Tai languages. Lao (including Isan) and Thai, although they occupy separate groups, are mutually intelligible and were pushed closer through contact and Khmer influence, but all Southwestern Tai languages are mutually intelligible to some degree. The Tai languages also include the languages of the Zhuang, which are split into the Northern and Central branches of the Tai languages. The Tai languages form a major division within the Kra-Dai language family, distantly related to other languages of southern China, such as the Hlai and Be languages of Hainan and the Kra and Kam-Sui languages on the Chinese Mainland and in neighbouring regions of northern Vietnam
Interesting because krai language still have tai-kadai numeral while others use sino numeral.
1000 years of being under Chinese rule Vietnam still has its native numerals. Similar can be said for Korean and Japanese. Tai have completely lost all native numerals I assume the contact between proto-tai and Chinese was very early. It’s possible Tai is a sinitic language?
gooooood job andy
I couldn't find Thai language video in your channel, maybe you didn't make it?
I'm Isan native speaker
I live in Northeast Thailand ,
Isan language , if you want to know
How is it ?
Compare to Central Thai
• Isan has Many Tonal , Intonation
Than Standard Thai - Central thai
Standard thai
Speaking with Smooth tone
Less Intonation or Tonal than Isan.
( Isan just like a Wave or Kite Floating on Sky .. )
• Speaking Fast and stubborn
Or A bit Harsh accent
( Compared to Standard Thai)
Sometimes it's sound like
People fighting in Conversation
But it's Natural accent.
That We're spoken here.
Anyway ,
It's has it own stereotypes
As Amusing and Exciting language.
For jokes , For Fun
• There's many unique words
That different from Standard Thai
( Of course , it's Similar to Laotian language )
Others. //
- It's has it own image as Amusing language.
- In many comedian movies,
You can find it.
- Isan is Very Popular here,
It's Appears alot on Media , TV , Social Media , You can find it.
- It's Contains with 20 millions speaker.
Almost half of thai people.
Make it , Isan is a Large number of Speakers ,
After Central thai in Thailand.
And a lot of Isan People live in Bangkok. ( Many people live in BKK is from Northeast Thailand )
You can Hear isan language around in Bangkok !!
Even though you doesn't live in Northeast Thailand area .
I’m Zhuang but unfortunately I know nothing, so I’m watching vids like these 😊
KRA-DAI languages numbers:
Thai
Tai Lue
Laotian
Shan
Zhuang
Bouyei
Ong Be
Lakkia
Cun
Hlai
Kam
Sui
Mulam
Maonan
Ecun Buyang
Qabiao
Paha
Gelao
Lachi
Hey bro tai ahom language is not tai kadai language please reply
@@lancelott36 Tai Ahom belongs to the Kra-dai family. They migrated to the area of Assam. During the 18th century, 𑜒𑜑𑜪𑜨 was a dead language.
OMG You can speak Thai. By the way, I'm Thai, really😃😹
สุดยอดมากเลยครับ.
Shared.
It seems kra numbers are quite similar to Austronesian
Compare one to one please
I wonder if Andy is AI or human? If she is human, then she is genieus in language
Yes, there is a theory that Kra-Dai may be distantly related to Austronesian languages
I believe it. When you look at Kra-Dai basic words it looks Austronesian
Yea, it is called the Austro-Tai
1. The numbers 3 and 4 seem to come from China. I wonder if the kra-dai languages have also imported tetraphobia along with the name for the number 4?
2. Lmao why is the sui speaker screaming
3. The kam-sui branch also seems to share numbers 5 and 6 with Japan, is that also Chinese influence?
Yup Chinese influence but Japanese have sino-japanese numeral and native Japanese numeral.
There is no tetraphobia in Tai-Kradai language. The word for death is "ttaai" and from Proto-Austronesian root of "matay". "See/Sei" (4) doesn't rhyme with bad words.
No there is no 4-phobia in Thailand because our words related to death doesn't sound like any of the numbers. Culturally people import fear of number 13 and try to relate it to the word ghost in Thai if you rotate it counterclockwise but that's kind of like a middle school kind of story telling.
@@nokaton Thai family like buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with korea like numbers 3/sam, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), manok/manuk=bird or chicken, is example of few similarity, Chinese influence on thai family because under China rule, Tai are Austronesian, traditional house like "Stilt house" and v shape gable roof and love of water buffalos, toraja, Minangkabau, batak, bugis, Makassar, maranao, bajau, malay. Tai=Austronesian who supplanted heavy by sino-tibetian/Chinese language
5:28 and play with 0.5 speed...
As a chaozhounese {teochew}, number 4 7 and 9 are identical to kradai. Wow. I guess, teochew somehow was influenced by kradai.
It's the other way around, Kra-dai was influenced by Middle Chinese.
Body parts are also almost the same.
GOOD. ดีมาก
Yas
But they have differnt words for men or women in thai
Not as much as spainish🥹
EASY👌
Kra numbers have similarities to Austronesian numbers
You forgot Lan na language
WOW🇹🇭
Love
👍👍👍
I like your videos💖💖
Also myanmar
🌍
Why do they look so similar to the japanese numbers?
Most Tai languages numeral are borrowed from Chinese. Japanase numerals are also borrowed from Chinese
Because it come from Chinese numerals like Japanese use sino-Japanese numeral but Japanese also have their native numeral.
@@farasbanas9564 Thai family like buyang very close to Austronesian in number, while other thai/kra-Dai number supplanted by sino-Tibetan language same with Korean like numbers 3/sam, Japanese also have Chinese number lonword, and others 4,5. buyang word like 3/tu(in old malay, Javanese n most Austronesian, tell, tulu=3), 4/em(PA)t, 5/li(ma) AND 6/E(NAM), is Austronesian very close to champa, Malay/Indonesian and Tagalog/Filipino. lima/limo/lime/limang/ma is word for 5 in Malayo-Polynesia/Austronesian. Thai/Kra-Dai and Austronesian are family language origin in Yunnan n Taiwan. Word like eyes/Mata or ta in Thai, and tai/matai/mati (Filipino=Matay/matai; Malay=Mati), manok/manuk=bird or chicken, is example of few similarity, Chinese influence on thai family because under China rule, Tai are Austronesian, traditional house like "Stilt house" and v shape gable roof and love of water buffalos, toraja, Minangkabau, batak, bugis, Makassar, maranao, bajau, malay. Tai=Austronesian who supplanted heavy by sino-tibetian/Chinese language, so Thailand genetically, linguistically, culturally are more closed to Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, Cocos Island, Timor and Philippines included Champa(LOST land to Vietnam)
ฟังภาษาลาวออก มากถึง90% โดยที่ไม่ต้องเรียนภาษาลาว ภาษาไทยและลาว แทบจะเป็นภาษาเดียวกัน และเรารู้ว่า ในเวียดนามบางส่วน ก็พูดภาษา tai-kradai ด้วย
Interesting!
สวัสดีครับ ไทยแลนด์
Savatdeechap สวัสดีครับ
I’m so proud that didn’t think still have tai language outside border my land.
I’m lanna in Thailand.
สบายดีครับ
สวัสดีครับคนไทยนะครับ🙏
A lot of the counting sounds very close to Cantonese and probably influenced by ancient Chinese...
I think pre-Chinese influenced Tai-Kadai was probably closer to Austronesian.
As in ancient Chinese was closer to Austronesian?
Tai-Kra Dai
Thai vietnam ( thai dam thai don thai daeng ) kon thai ( tay)
Next : Vietic pls 🙏
สวัสดี.
THAILAND🇹🇭
Finally😎
The first time I’m 1 minutes early! :0
คนไทยค่ะ คุณพูดชัดนะ
Your introduction phrase uses the male personal pronoun and male polite particle. 😆
😉
แอร๊ยยยยยยย มาแล้วค่ะ
Im thai ok
Lets goo kra dai languages !!! Sucat pelat boog 🔥🔥😂
You should include Tai languages from Northwest Khmeria. 😏
Greetings from Mongolia!
So you can see.. There is only Laos costumes without a hat.. And I don't know why bruh
Kra dai
I was Confused We Turks and Mongols came from Altai Peoples but Thailand Why is the country name Thai I am Confused 🤔
Hi From Karluk Turkish 🇹🇷🇺🇿
As far as I know, the altaic origin hypothesis for turkic languages is mostly abandoned, it seems more likely that turkic languages may have a common root with indo-european and afro-asiatic (semitic) languages
I'm not sure Altai and Thai are related, though. What I know is Thai means free - like French.
Thai is the modern name to supersede Siam after the year 1932 when king Rama 7 abdicated.
I won't ask why turkish people has five fingers as the thais, shouldn't you actually? See my point ?
The tones be like: fiehgoiweu