Did you know...? Joaquin Rodrigo was a Spanish composer who was almost totally blind from age 3, when he contracted diptheria. By his 40's, he was totally blind. This piece is actually the second movement of the Concierto de Aranjuez. This part of the composition was something he wrote when under a heavy mantle of grief. Some accounts say that his wife was having a complicated pregnancy and he thought she was dying. She did not die, but they did lose the baby. The grief was for fear of losing his wife who he loved very much and depended on heavily. Other accounts say that the piece was about his sadness at the loss of the baby. At any rate, this music simply reverberates with loss and sadness. It creeps right into the heart and one can feel his pain and desperation. I have never heard anything quite as deep-reaching and touching before or since I first heard this piece. For me, the best rendition is this one, where I first heard it on the movie "Brassed Off".
I play this song on my flugelhorn every day during practice just because it makes me feel good and the piece is so incredibly beautiful. I've been playing since 1953 and nothing I've played matches this piece.
My favorite piece of music. This rendition by the Grimethorp Colliery Band,and flugel horn solo is like a beautiful prayer. I always cry when I listen. Thank you so much.
I love this piece of music and I love the film Brassed off just as much. I used to work on a coal delivery truck back in the 90's, we were supplied by our very own country's pits at the time. Wind, rain, hail, snow you name it I worked in it and loved every second. I miss it dearly and would go back tomorrow if I could. I felt for the miners when they started to close the pits, because them loosing their jobs meant that soon after I would be loosing mine. To much history, industry, experience and fine skills have gone in england never to be seen again.
There are pieces that literally touch you to the depths of your soul. Every time I listen to the Aranjuez concert there is no moment in which my skin doesn't crawl and I get excited. There is nothing greater and more fascinating than art in general, something that only man in his likeness can compose. I can't feel anything but gratitude for music always.
I'm a jazz, soul and blues player. I love rock, rave. And mainly modern, 1940s up to present. But this is and always will be the most powerful , soulful, and by far the best piece of music I've ever heard. I listen to a variety of different types, but this is purely the best. Above miles and chet. I will do my own version, so keep an ear out
I agree, Ant Salt!! I was brought to tears the first time I heard it and it still does, as it reminds me of my father, who introduced me to classical, jazz, and music appreciation in general.
There exists on language in the entire universe that could begin to describe this glorious and brilliant film The concerto de orange juic e is fabulous.
Not surprising the family don't want this version of this widely distributed as its so much more powerful than the original. Not often a cover version is better than the original
Listen to Paco de Lucia's performance, agree that some classical guitarists make it sound insipid but he brings the heart and soul of Spain into it - I like both the original and the brass band version, they bring different things to the table.
I doubt whether the descendants of Rodrigo object to this. When he was alive, the composer himself gave the OK for a vocal version, "Aranjuez, Mon Amour" of which this is a brass arrangement.
never in the recent history of this country has a film sound track sequestered any belief that the very essence of reality can only be portrayed by productions outwith the UK. The soundtrack is of such dynamic force that in the event it was played in space it would defy the principles of physics and it would be heard
This music still brings a tear to my eye, We relied on the Coal Industry, My Dad worked on transport, My Mum worked in the canteen and I worked underground. I only started 6 months after the Strike ended, But my Mum and Dad went through it, I remember the arguments when the money got short and they struggled to put food on the table, but we survived, some families did not, When the Pits went it tore the heart out of many communities, and some never recovered, places in Lancashire, Yorkshire and Wales. Now we import coal from Austrailia and South Africa. The Tories continued to decimate British Heavy Industry, Steel, Ship Building and many others, we now rely on other countries to supply most of our needs. Now we come to Brexit we are going to pay dearly for our lack of Industry and the skill base we killed.
I remember those times very well. We came as close to breaking the working class as I ever want to see. Something about Tory governments that causes the average man to suffer and nobody else to give a shit.
I mean the way things are going they'd all be being closed now anyway. And if Scargill had been smarter, he'd not have fallen into the trap set for him.
This film is set in the early 90’s when John Major was Prime Minister - not during the strike of the early 80’s. And, of course, as we all know, Harold Wilson closed down more pits than Thatcher.
Roger Ebert accurately called this " a sweet fiim with anger at it's core"..special mention to the oft neglected film editor Michael Ellis( outstanding!) and writer / director Mark Herman,wow..and the fortunate casting of our immortal Pete...and the whole of it ,all hands on deck,thank you!
BEAUTIFUL BEAUTIFUL BEAUTIFUL 🥰 ALWAYS BRINGS A TEAR TO MY EYE TO BE ABLE TO PLAY AN INSTRUMENT SO BEAUTIFUL 🥰 WITH SUCH A SAD MEANING BEHIND IT ❤️❤️❤️
Yes very much a great actor and his performance in this was his best imo.. Brilliant film that told some of the story. Should be played at any memorial service for Mrs T.
I have lost track of the times that I have watched this sublime piece of music, and how many tears I have shed for its beauty. Perfectly filmed with Tara Fitzgerald playing and the mesmerised guys watching her, with wonderful Pete Postlethwaite conducting. But WHO actually did play the Flugelhorn for this piece?? He/She deserves the fame. Thank you, whoever you were, beyond awesome!! Who was it?
Here's a weird hint . . . if you play baritrone ukulele (low d) , you don't need to transcribe If you want to see the music on a page - try this to get most of it.. Run an image search for the Trevor Jones adaptation. Look and you'll find at least one image of a whole page with well over 50 bars of the melody line. Ckick to see it in an image search window. Use Print Screen to grab and save as a jpeg. You can easily work out the ending to add to it y using the helpful derived music in this upload. Many thanks for uploading this.
You definitely need to be a poet to express how beautiful this peace of music is ,even so Shakespeare or greatest bard would struggle to find the words like everything the Spanish people do its full of emotion
Grew up in the north east in the 90s after the mines had all closed, where every other town or large village was still suffering the effects of the pit closures.
I keep trying to write a comment here , but the beauty of listening to Concierto de Aranjuez takes me into this amazing music It’s a film that takes you to the heart ♥️ of Yorkshire RIP Pete 2021
Hollywood movies with happy endings are fun, but European movies that make us think about society and life are great. The sound of brass, whitch symbolizes the time of the Thatcher administration, pierces my heart.
I'm a massive northern soul fan! But let me tell you this is something else really makes you think what you've done on years gone by,it touches my soul,
Thank you so much for this sharing of the notations, I have asked my 2 grandsons to try to learn this part, practice up and play along with your video on their trumpets for my 72 birthday end of November. Just family, for fun and enjoyment of the music. I ride my Spanish-descended, Peruvian Paso horse with this movement playing in my pocket on my iphone. Coincidentally, will be attending small concert in rancho mirage, ca tonight of classical guitarist Angel Romero who I pray will do this movement. Once again, thank you. The two grandsons, 18 and 10 have no excuse now not to try.
I have heard this piece played many times but none are as good as with the flugelhorn played brilliantly by Grimethorpe Colliery band .I was once a miner and brass musician and I look back on those days with a mixture of pride and longing .many pits had choirs and bands ...all of them the best of Great Britain ...Maggie Thatcher had a lot to answer for ....When she closed the mines she killed communities and the spirit of many british people but it must be said we are recovering and always will ..This film represents all of that and more
THIS ALWAYS BRINGS A TEAR TO MY EYE THE ORCHESTRA IS AMAZING YOU CAN HEAR EVERY INSTRUMENT BEAUTIFULLY PLAYED AS THEY SHOULD BE I HAVE SO MUCH ADMINISTRATION FOR THOSE WHO TOILED ALL THEIR LIVES TO HAVE IT ALL RIPPED AWAY SO SO SAD RIP 🦋 PETE POSTLETHWAITE YOU WERE AMAZING 🥰❤️🦋🌈
It's one of my long time favorites. Many have played it but this version (arranged by Trevor Jones) really is overwhelming !!! The movie characters are very loveable human beings but the power of the music wraps it all so incredibly nicely up. Great, great movie, splendid music...
The music, this arrangement and The Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra with the Spanish Guitarist, are equal. Two different variations, and yet both remain on the top of my list of music to hear and see. If you haven't viewed the film story "Brassed Off" please do. There are so many facets to this film and I'm hoping you'll take the time to see it.
hi again. I did a jazz version of this at the local jazz club as a guest spot, I didn't record it though. it is quite easy to transpose it from just listened. I recommend you having a listen to a version by chet baker that I hadn't heard before or even no that he had done one. it is very nice with a different line up with sax , guitar and Trumpet having turns, it is a bit slower and laid back, personally I like it more than miles Davis version,
I think this is a fantastic film and the music is beautiful especially Orange Juice but also the William Tell Overture at the end fantastic best film ever and a true story about the destruction of the coal industry
Definitely the best arrangement of this work (Orange Juice!) I've heard. And a hugely underrated film too. RIP Pete Postlethwaite.
Pete postlethwaite was a brilliant actor I agree!
He’s not left us. His work lives on for generation after generation.
@@lynnebarkas6906 my mother and I watched this years ago now and afterwards she said maybe Margaret Thatcher wasn’t so good.
Did you know...? Joaquin Rodrigo was a Spanish composer who was almost totally blind from age 3, when he contracted diptheria. By his 40's, he was totally blind. This piece is actually the second movement of the Concierto de Aranjuez. This part of the composition was something he wrote when under a heavy mantle of grief.
Some accounts say that his wife was having a complicated pregnancy and he thought she was dying. She did not die, but they did lose the baby. The grief was for fear of losing his wife who he loved very much and depended on heavily. Other accounts say that the piece was about his sadness at the loss of the baby. At any rate, this music simply reverberates with loss and sadness. It creeps right into the heart and one can feel his pain and desperation.
I have never heard anything quite as deep-reaching and touching before or since I first heard this piece. For me, the best rendition is this one, where I first heard it on the movie "Brassed Off".
Did you know... Joaquín Rodrigo was born in Barnsley, South Yorkshire and worked for 35 years at the Hatfield Main colliery... zzz.
@@cacambo589Nació en Sagunt( Valencia) España
@@JesusSanvictorparra Relájate. Esto es humor típicamente inglés.
I play this song on my flugelhorn every day during practice just because it makes me feel good and the piece is so incredibly beautiful. I've been playing since 1953 and nothing I've played matches this piece.
Carry on Ted
Cool.I love this song.
Good on you mate
Love to hear that .my goal in this one or next life for me .Just started to learn and im 67....
Who plays the solo in the film brassed off?
This arrangement is the best I've ever heard. It gives me goosebumps every time I hear it.
My favorite piece of music. This rendition by the Grimethorp Colliery Band,and flugel horn solo is like a beautiful prayer. I always cry when I listen. Thank you so much.
The film version was played on a cornet not a flugelhorn.
It's great. But it's originally I think for classical guitar and that's also wonderful.
@@Microblitz This is the film version, and it was played on a flugelhorn by Paul Hughes
@@Microblitz No it was a flugel I know the guy who played it
I love this piece of music and I love the film Brassed off just as much.
I used to work on a coal delivery truck back in the 90's, we were supplied by our very own country's pits at the time. Wind, rain, hail, snow you name it I worked in it and loved every second. I miss it dearly and would go back tomorrow if I could.
I felt for the miners when they started to close the pits, because them loosing their jobs meant that soon after I would be loosing mine.
To much history, industry, experience and fine skills have gone in england never to be seen again.
There are pieces that literally touch you to the depths of your soul.
Every time I listen to the Aranjuez concert there is no moment in which my skin doesn't crawl and I get excited. There is nothing greater and more fascinating than art in general, something that only man in his likeness can compose. I can't feel anything but gratitude for music always.
I'm a jazz, soul and blues player. I love rock, rave. And mainly modern, 1940s up to present. But this is and always will be the most powerful , soulful, and by far the best piece of music I've ever heard. I listen to a variety of different types, but this is purely the best. Above miles and chet. I will do my own version, so keep an ear out
I agree, Ant Salt!! I was brought to tears the first time I heard it and it still does, as it reminds me of my father, who introduced me to classical, jazz, and music appreciation in general.
Ant Salt in
I totally agree.
"Beautiful" just doesn't cut it. There are no words to describe this!
There exists on language in the entire universe that could begin to describe this glorious and brilliant film
The concerto de orange juic e is fabulous.
orange juic e??? 😂😂😂😂
I can't listen to this without tearing up. It is that beautiful.
If I could put hearts on this because my dad passed away in November and he was a trombone player for grimethorpe band 😥😥😥 xx
@@marielakin885 Sorry about your loss.
@@luvmegan thank you xxx
Phew... not just me then. Tears literally rolling off my face right now. What a miraculously wonderful performance.
Marie Lakin So sorry for your loss❤️❤️
Love this piece of music ❤️. Played tenor horn for 8yrs. Had a solo playing this one. Made me cry everytime😢❤️❤️❤️❤️
I can't stop my tears drop to my cheeks....so graceful and sentimental indeed.
When you hear that sound...... R.I.P PP ❤️
Omg, I KNOW, I ❤ED HIM!!
My fave classical piece of music. So powerful yet so beautiful.
Many thanks for putting on line one of the most beautiful musics ever composed. Bows to you !
I played trumpet and cornet all threw school back in Late 60's -70's this is just beautiful thanks brings back good memories
You obviously didn't do English.
I listen, like many others, to everything from pop, metal, classical and some jazz, but this is far and away my favourite.
Siempre lloro con esta canción.
Gracias.
Séquete los ojitos, amigo.
Not surprising the family don't want this version of this widely distributed as its so much more powerful than the original. Not often a cover version is better than the original
Listen to Paco de Lucia's performance, agree that some classical guitarists make it sound insipid but he brings the heart and soul of Spain into it - I like both the original and the brass band version, they bring different things to the table.
I doubt whether the descendants of Rodrigo object to this. When he was alive, the composer himself gave the OK for a vocal version, "Aranjuez, Mon Amour" of which this is a brass arrangement.
@@tomkent4656 Although he hated Miles Davis' version.
Mmmm.. I am a brass player myself, but played by the right guitarist it is an emotional masterpiece.
I discovered this performance by the Grimethorpe Colliery Band and the beautiful movie "Brassed Off" on a trip to Wales in September 2022.
never in the recent history of this country has a film sound track sequestered any belief that the very essence of reality can only be portrayed by productions outwith the UK. The soundtrack is of such dynamic force that in the event it was played in space it would defy the principles of physics and it would be heard
Shut up
This music still brings a tear to my eye, We relied on the Coal Industry, My Dad worked on transport, My Mum worked in the canteen and I worked underground. I only started 6 months after the Strike ended, But my Mum and Dad went through it, I remember the arguments when the money got short and they struggled to put food on the table, but we survived, some families did not, When the Pits went it tore the heart out of many communities, and some never recovered, places in Lancashire, Yorkshire and Wales. Now we import coal from Austrailia and South Africa. The Tories continued to decimate British Heavy Industry, Steel, Ship Building and many others, we now rely on other countries to supply most of our needs. Now we come to Brexit we are going to pay dearly for our lack of Industry and the skill base we killed.
To Thatcher you were all expendable.
@@stanstan7426 she was an unconscionable bitch!
I remember those times very well. We came as close to breaking the working class as I ever want to see. Something about Tory governments that causes the average man to suffer and nobody else to give a shit.
I mean the way things are going they'd all be being closed now anyway. And if Scargill had been smarter, he'd not have fallen into the trap set for him.
This film is set in the early 90’s when John Major was Prime Minister - not during the strike of the early 80’s.
And, of course, as we all know, Harold Wilson closed down more pits than Thatcher.
Never got why my dad who's sadly passed loved brass bands. Do now, perhaps I didn't listen enough.
muy bonita interpretacion...fecitaciones a la solista y a la banda. simultaneidad de sonido genialidad al ejecutar.
Lovely. I've even heard it played by Paul Higgs at at a local venue, haunting, and memorable. Xx
Roger Ebert accurately called this " a sweet fiim with anger at it's core"..special mention to the oft neglected film editor Michael Ellis( outstanding!) and writer / director Mark Herman,wow..and the fortunate casting of our immortal Pete...and the whole of it ,all hands on deck,thank you!
This is so beautiful, brings tears to my and such deep feelings.
BEAUTIFUL BEAUTIFUL BEAUTIFUL 🥰 ALWAYS BRINGS A TEAR TO MY EYE TO BE ABLE TO PLAY AN INSTRUMENT SO BEAUTIFUL 🥰 WITH SUCH A SAD MEANING BEHIND IT ❤️❤️❤️
This tune makes me cry evertime i hear it
Sublime music, it's incomprehensible how anyone could give this a thumbs down.
It's awe-inspiring that we don't all think the same, no?
been practicing this so much since I found the video and am almost ready to play it for a school talent show thank you! (bass clarinet)
I wish you a lot of succes!
ID like to see how its is performed so I can copy the fingering. Could you post it in yt ?
Hauntingly beautiful!
Class
absolutely stunning performance and wonderful transcription. Makes me want to learn to play flugelhorn...probably a stretch for a trombone player lol.
Very moving and farewell Pete, we remember you and miss you.
Couldn't agree more. Pete was such a great but underrated actor. If you know Pete was in it, you know it was going to be good.
@@Theagchm amen to that.
Yes very much a great actor and his performance in this was his best imo.. Brilliant film that told some of the story. Should be played at any memorial service for Mrs T.
Probably the best Version of this great music from Rodrigo !
I have lost track of the times that I have watched this sublime piece of music, and how many tears I have shed for its beauty. Perfectly filmed with Tara Fitzgerald playing and the mesmerised guys watching her, with wonderful Pete Postlethwaite conducting. But WHO actually did play the Flugelhorn for this piece?? He/She deserves the fame. Thank you, whoever you were, beyond awesome!! Who was it?
Pete Brandon - It was Paul Hughes; says in the expanded text at the top, just below the video.
Just brilliant peace of music
Hermosa, siempre me emociona, gracias, gracias, gracias
No matter who plays it is still a fantastic bit of music
Autor español, Joaquin Rodrigo.👏👏👏👏
Tara came to the Delph,Saddlewoth Brass Band contest the Year Brassed Off was filmed.She was a big hit with us Local's !!!!
Yes we all went from university to see Bobbie Walker play with his band 🙂
What a great song glen.
Thank you - I've been looking for this for ages!!!! God bless!!!
Here's a weird hint . . . if you play baritrone ukulele (low d) , you don't need to transcribe
If you want to see the music on a page - try this to get most of it..
Run an image search for the Trevor Jones adaptation. Look and you'll find at least one image of a whole page with well over 50 bars of the melody line.
Ckick to see it in an image search window. Use Print Screen to grab and save as a jpeg.
You can easily work out the ending to add to it y using the helpful derived music in this upload.
Many thanks for uploading this.
Man findet das Stück in vielen Varianten. Hier her kehre ich immer wieder zurück.
You definitely need to be a poet to express how beautiful this peace of music is ,even so Shakespeare or greatest bard would struggle to find the words like everything the Spanish people do its full of emotion
Grew up in the north east in the 90s after the mines had all closed, where every other town or large village was still suffering the effects of the pit closures.
A collery band performing this classic. And beautifully. Who could have imagined.
I keep trying to write a comment here , but the beauty of listening to Concierto de Aranjuez takes me into this amazing music
It’s a film that takes you to the heart ♥️ of Yorkshire
RIP Pete
2021
This music is by composer Joaquín Rodrigo 1939. Aranjuez concert song. well-known Spanish composition
Hollywood movies with happy endings are fun, but European movies that make us think about society and life are great.
The sound of brass, whitch symbolizes the time of the Thatcher administration, pierces my heart.
I'm a massive northern soul fan! But let me tell you this is something else really makes you think what you've done on years gone by,it touches my soul,
Fantastic ! Love this version , great playing .
My grandson 8 just got a Cornet in the school band. What better tune to inspire someone one. Fabulous
RiP Pete Postlethwaite ❤
Beautiful piece of music.
Gracias por compartir semejante e imponente obra.
Gracias
Great music, great movie, I like this . Greetings from Holland .
I am in love withe this song, is so beautiful🇧🇷🇨🇾
Thank you so much for this sharing of the notations, I have asked my 2 grandsons to try to learn this part, practice up and play along with your video on their trumpets for my 72 birthday end of November. Just family, for fun and enjoyment of the music. I ride my Spanish-descended, Peruvian Paso horse with this movement playing in my pocket on my iphone. Coincidentally, will be attending small concert in rancho mirage, ca tonight of classical guitarist Angel Romero who I pray will do this movement. Once again, thank you. The two grandsons, 18 and 10 have no excuse now not to try.
mona loo aa
I have heard this piece played many times but none are as good as with the flugelhorn played brilliantly by Grimethorpe Colliery band .I was once a miner and brass musician and I look back on those days with a mixture of pride and longing .many pits had choirs and bands ...all of them the best of Great Britain ...Maggie Thatcher had a lot to answer for ....When she closed the mines she killed communities and the spirit of many british people but it must be said we are recovering and always will ..This film represents all of that and more
Love brass bands used to live in Oldham ,and go to Denshaw and surrounds for the band contests
Brass Bands or Brass Sections always been a fan. Part of the Northern English Soul?
THIS ALWAYS BRINGS A TEAR TO MY EYE THE ORCHESTRA IS AMAZING YOU CAN HEAR EVERY INSTRUMENT BEAUTIFULLY PLAYED AS THEY SHOULD BE I HAVE SO MUCH ADMINISTRATION FOR THOSE WHO TOILED ALL THEIR LIVES TO HAVE IT ALL RIPPED AWAY SO SO SAD RIP 🦋 PETE POSTLETHWAITE YOU WERE AMAZING 🥰❤️🦋🌈
Whoever downvoted this has no soul.
and they are a cock head
Superb piece of music brilliantly played... I always expect Clint Eastwood and Lee Van Clieff to ride out of the dust...
Great work in doing and sharing this!
Without Pete Postlethwaite this movie would have not been as good as it is.
SO SO TRUE ❤️ WHAT A LEGEND RIP PETE POSTLETHWAITE THERE WAS NOBODY ELSE LIKE YOU ❤️🦋🌈
Well done for the transcription, AJMvdS. Excellent
It's one of my long time favorites. Many have played it but this version (arranged by Trevor Jones) really is overwhelming !!! The movie characters are very loveable human beings but the power of the music wraps it all so incredibly nicely up. Great, great movie, splendid music...
Cornel Bébié qw
I love Pete Postlethwaite's character!
Just great Masterpiece :)
Zur Zeit das schönste Stück das ich kenne
Absolutely beautiful!!!!!
Mesmerising piece of arrangement , as the great late Pete would say , (orange juce to you) bloody marvellous
Heart breaking😢❤ Amazing
Lo que tocan es el segundo movimiento del Concierto de Aranjuez, del maestro Joaquín Rodrigo (originalmente es para guitarra y orquesta).
The music, this arrangement and The Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra with the Spanish Guitarist, are equal. Two different variations, and yet both remain on the top of my list of music to hear and see. If you haven't viewed the film story "Brassed Off" please do. There are so many facets to this film and I'm hoping you'll take the time to see it.
magnifique musique et magnifique film (les virtuoses)
Super, sehr schön arrangiert !
Miles Davis plays a version of this on his Sketches of Spain album. Brilliant album
There's also a nice arrangement by Herb Alpert ("Aranjuez, Mon Amour")
excellent version. Only Miles can match the ton tone and control of Hughes...no one else that I can find.
this is so much better than the guitar version
? You don't understand guitars, what a pity for you.
From a guitar player, you are wrong!
Let's just say different. Brass features strongly in Spanish music, so it's well matched.
Ja da bin ich mir sicher
yeeeezzzzz, im gonna play this on a concert
Bravissimi adoro questa musica
hi again. I did a jazz version of this at the local jazz club as a guest spot, I didn't record it though. it is quite easy to transpose it from just listened. I recommend you having a listen to a version by chet baker that I hadn't heard before or even no that he had done one. it is very nice with a different line up with sax , guitar and Trumpet having turns, it is a bit slower and laid back, personally I like it more than miles Davis version,
Brava e impareggiabile.
One amazing film
Muchachos played it amazing from Hawthorne Nj
Stunning ❤❤
Fantastic so Beautiful
I think this is a fantastic film and the music is beautiful especially Orange Juice but also the William Tell Overture at the end fantastic best film ever and a true story about the destruction of the coal industry
einfach nur schön!!
Fab! That score really shows ,me anyway,how music is read and played. I’ll never get there 🙄
Wow shivers down my spine FANTASTIC film always will remind me of delph whit friday!! 😘😘😘🙋🙋🙋
Thank you very much. This song speaks to everybody
Bellísima!!💜🙏
yus, a tear comes to eye, and me town twas founded upon a colliery, and we quibble just likes the movie,,russtuba in Nanaimo
Heavenly
Thank you for this!
Just WOW.
Love this music
Viva España ♥
any peticular reason, de la rosa ?
@@blackbob3358 is a spanish song
@@blackbob3358 Rodrigo was Spanish