Mr Foreman, you are amazing. I lost count of how many languages you speak. As a Christian, I found this reading exhilarating and powerful. I wonder of you could consider reading the whole bible in Hebrew. Thank you.
Peace and blessings, do you have any resources to try and learn the different pronunciations of the consonants and vowels? I have a desire to learn hebrew from a more ancient perspective, not the ashkenazi. Have you ever thought about doing a video like that on your channel?
I suggest you to learn Tiberian pronunciation first, after mastering the Tiberian pronunciation, you can learn a more ancient pronunciation. The Tiberian pronunciation has a lot of resources.
Am I sure? No I am not. As far as I'm concerned it's kind of undecided. For me it's really *the* biggest open question about the phonology of Hebrew and Aramaic in this period. All the arguments any which way have plausible responses. You can say ejectivity doesn't spread, and so things like נִּצְטַדָּק suggests pharyngealization, but apart from the fact that in the Bible this is the only case of such assimilation, evidence from Caucasian languages shows that ejectivity *can* spread in precisely this way. It's just not all that common. The evidence of changing spellings in Aramaic is vulnerable to the same objections, and even if you grant that it is evidence for pharyngealization in Aramaic, you can't necessarily apply that to Hebrew in a straightforward, since (if the relative chronology of vowels is any indication) fullblown phonological convergence of Aramaic and Hebrew may not ever have *fully* happened while Hebrew as still a vernacular. I'm inclined to think that the total (or perhaps only near-total) lack of lowering in Tiberian Hebrew implies that pharyngealization in that reading tradition was not particularly old, but there are good objections there, too. If anything I'd put myself in that minority camp that thinks simple deaspiration of the emphatics (thus producing a convergence with Levantine Greek) is more likely (this is the plain literal meaning of what Jerome's account of emphatics says), with real pharyngealization being a later development, though when that happened would be yet another question. If deaspiration happened, it could well be quite late. I didn't do that here because I'm not too sure about that and I'd definitely be pushing a minority position. But yeah, a decision one way or another on the nature of the emphatics is one of a few assumptions I simply had to take on board. Another is the timing of pre-tonic lengthening which could really have happened at any time between proto-Hebrew stage and the Hellenistic period. I could well be wrong. You pays your money and you takes your chances.
Interesting. Quite a late reply from me but do you think pharyngealization/uvularization came from some phonetic nature of diasperated stops that heads closer to this way? I natively speak arabic, lower egyptian arabic to be exact, and the "muted" nature of diasperated stops for me when I hear them sounds like there is a retracted tongue root secondry articulation involved. Although I don't know is it an objective phonetic/acoustic similarity or is it subjective because the diasperated stops in arabic are pharyngealized so I approach them this way. Chicken and egg situation but I hope I find some studies on this. @@a.z.foreman74
I’ve got a theory that Tsadi at that time may have had a śadi. Whether it was affricated or not is another question. So in that case, Aretz was Arś, Ratzon was Raśōn, Yitzchak was Yiśhak. What’s you view on that?
3 things: cultures back had far different values from us today. Political power and strength in battle were seen as good. Children were expected to obey their parents in all things. As the gods are our makers, they have the right to do whatever they want with us, and we ought to do whatever they say (a line of thought that persists to this day). 2ndly, back then, the gods were seen as reflections of what was true, not necessarily what was good. 3rdly, and foremost, Yahweh was (and still is among the Jews) an ethnic god; he's the god of a specific group of people. If he helps his children clear out foreigners to make room for his children, he's rewarding his chosen people, who've served him faithfully, with a gift of land.
Yhwh I don’t think was meant to be morally perfect even by ancient standards. I think what the they were trying to do is to encapsulate the negative things (war, disaster) within a personality that would be able to direct the same outwards towards Israel’s enemies, while admitting that it is possible these things would turn on them if they failed in some way. YHWH’s constant anger and jealousy, leading to exposure of Israel to external threats, can’t have been a good thing, but a reflection of a realistic character. 😅
Most excellent work. I was just reading this part this morning and thought it would be nice to listen to it too.
I'll never leave this channel again, thank you, comrade.
You're doing excellent work dude.
Do you think you could also do South Arabian inscriptions and Geez as well?🙏🙏🙏
Mr Foreman, you are amazing. I lost count of how many languages you speak. As a Christian, I found this reading exhilarating and powerful. I wonder of you could consider reading the whole bible in Hebrew. Thank you.
The Song of Deborah and Barak would be fun to hear! Isn’t it supposed to somewhat preserved as a more archaic Hebrew?
I love your channel please keep going doing Hebrew Bible videos.
have you done az yashir moshe/shirat HaYam in pre-exilic hebrew?
Peace and blessings, do you have any resources to try and learn the different pronunciations of the consonants and vowels? I have a desire to learn hebrew from a more ancient perspective, not the ashkenazi. Have you ever thought about doing a video like that on your channel?
I suggest you to learn Tiberian pronunciation first, after mastering the Tiberian pronunciation, you can learn a more ancient pronunciation. The Tiberian pronunciation has a lot of resources.
thanks
How certain are we that emphatics in pre-exilic Hebrew were ejectives?
this is so so awesome
Beautiful reconstruction
Thank you
You sure they were ejectives? I thought they already became pharyngealized in proto-central semitic, "or the central semitic linguistic area".
Am I sure? No I am not. As far as I'm concerned it's kind of undecided. For me it's really *the* biggest open question about the phonology of Hebrew and Aramaic in this period. All the arguments any which way have plausible responses. You can say ejectivity doesn't spread, and so things like נִּצְטַדָּק suggests pharyngealization, but apart from the fact that in the Bible this is the only case of such assimilation, evidence from Caucasian languages shows that ejectivity *can* spread in precisely this way. It's just not all that common. The evidence of changing spellings in Aramaic is vulnerable to the same objections, and even if you grant that it is evidence for pharyngealization in Aramaic, you can't necessarily apply that to Hebrew in a straightforward, since (if the relative chronology of vowels is any indication) fullblown phonological convergence of Aramaic and Hebrew may not ever have *fully* happened while Hebrew as still a vernacular.
I'm inclined to think that the total (or perhaps only near-total) lack of lowering in Tiberian Hebrew implies that pharyngealization in that reading tradition was not particularly old, but there are good objections there, too. If anything I'd put myself in that minority camp that thinks simple deaspiration of the emphatics (thus producing a convergence with Levantine Greek) is more likely (this is the plain literal meaning of what Jerome's account of emphatics says), with real pharyngealization being a later development, though when that happened would be yet another question. If deaspiration happened, it could well be quite late. I didn't do that here because I'm not too sure about that and I'd definitely be pushing a minority position. But yeah, a decision one way or another on the nature of the emphatics is one of a few assumptions I simply had to take on board. Another is the timing of pre-tonic lengthening which could really have happened at any time between proto-Hebrew stage and the Hellenistic period. I could well be wrong. You pays your money and you takes your chances.
Interesting. Quite a late reply from me but do you think pharyngealization/uvularization came from some phonetic nature of diasperated stops that heads closer to this way?
I natively speak arabic, lower egyptian arabic to be exact, and the "muted" nature of diasperated stops for me when I hear them sounds like there is a retracted tongue root secondry articulation involved.
Although I don't know is it an objective phonetic/acoustic similarity or is it subjective because the diasperated stops in arabic are pharyngealized so I approach them this way. Chicken and egg situation but I hope I find some studies on this. @@a.z.foreman74
I’ve got a theory that Tsadi at that time may have had a śadi. Whether it was affricated or not is another question. So in that case, Aretz was Arś, Ratzon was Raśōn, Yitzchak was Yiśhak.
What’s you view on that?
Critical resource
How on earth did Yahweh become seen as a good god smh
He took an anger management class
3 things: cultures back had far different values from us today. Political power and strength in battle were seen as good. Children were expected to obey their parents in all things. As the gods are our makers, they have the right to do whatever they want with us, and we ought to do whatever they say (a line of thought that persists to this day). 2ndly, back then, the gods were seen as reflections of what was true, not necessarily what was good. 3rdly, and foremost, Yahweh was (and still is among the Jews) an ethnic god; he's the god of a specific group of people. If he helps his children clear out foreigners to make room for his children, he's rewarding his chosen people, who've served him faithfully, with a gift of land.
Redditor spotted
Yhwh I don’t think was meant to be morally perfect even by ancient standards. I think what the they were trying to do is to encapsulate the negative things (war, disaster) within a personality that would be able to direct the same outwards towards Israel’s enemies, while admitting that it is possible these things would turn on them if they failed in some way. YHWH’s constant anger and jealousy, leading to exposure of Israel to external threats, can’t have been a good thing, but a reflection of a realistic character. 😅