There's another Dr Who story with a black hole you might want to check out. World Enough and Time and The Doctor Falls is a two parter that uses the extreme relativistic effects as a major plot device. Would be cool to see if the show has gotten more accurate over time.
I was thinking the same thing, though my issue with that one scientifically is the fact that the reeeeeally long ship managed to stay in one piece while blasting its engines at full power to keep it just a few radii away from the event horizon. Shouldn't it have been spagettified being that close?
The DVD commentary track for this actually makes some of the points about orbits that you do here. They did realize after they shot this that they’d got that wrong and admitted it!
I'd love to see Becky in Doctor Who, listening to him babble some technical explanation and then be like '*sigh* You're talking absolute rubbish, Doctor '
You can add QI to that list. It'd be great listening to her rattle off facts while surrounded by comedians. Besides, they've already had Brian Cox on twice.
Another episode dealing with a Black Hole is season 10 episode 11. It deals with a 400 mile long Ship escaping from a black hole and time dilation on board.
When I saw that one I was like "ha ha! The writers must've forgotten that time flows differently the closer they are!" and then they actually remembered. I'm not even a Moffat hater. I love his writing. I'm just hungry for things to nitpick I suppose.
I may be mistaken, but I'm pretty sure it was a "stationary orbit" ...like it wasn't rotating around the blackhole which is why he was so shocked. Who knows really? 😉
@@Hannah_The_Heretic Indeed, it was a stationary orbit and those can last indefinitely. However, I believe there's a point regarding the Doctor's worries, even though he hadn't heard this information prior to his observation (then again, he probably doesn't need it - reference to episodes like "Kill the Moon" and "Rose"): Considering the planet's origin is ancient and the story happened in a FAR AWAY future timeline, many eons have passed through the planet. It's interesting how even physicists say: "Oh, he's safe in a stationary orbit because the Moon and the Earth last several lifetimes". That is true, but imo what Dr. Becky skipped in her observations is a thing called "orbit decay". You can't have a stationary prison planet standing for eons on the same orbit and that's why I believe the writer created the weird force tunnel nobody can explain (lets call it weird dark energy... stuff). In fact, orbit decay is a big part of the explanations of spatial relativity and even black holes can merge as a result of a mutual pull. It's a gradual process, but not having a shift is plain weird. Although, one can argue the Doctor was exaggerating before the need to actually exaggerate, but oh well. 😅
@@ReversedPolarity look at the end of the day its sci-fi, i think we all need to accept and understand that not everything is going to be 100% accurate.
@@Hannah_The_Heretic Indeed, you're not wrong there. After all, there's plenty of outdated scientific facts in previous episodes, but I also think Doctor Who doesn't get enough credit for what it does right in the realm of plausibility, even if it is a work of pure fiction. It's far easier to dismantle the myths than to prove them even if there are plenty of pieces that tie that world together in many different ways. In fact, Becky does a great job at trying to figure out how a gravity funnel would actually work and I thought that was an interesting thought experiment. I think that's the best part about Doctor Who - to stir some curiosity about the unknown, not to dismiss it.
*geo*stationary And I much prefer that they make up technobabble than use existing terminology wrong as the latter may confuse people who don't dig deep enough into each scientific bit in the show. It could potentially cause misinformation eg if before the discovery of the Higgs boson they'd said that it meant aliens, then the discovery could've caused people to think "aliens".
Funny that of all the episodes you could have picked to analyze for scientific accuracy, you chose the two-parter whose second part has the literal Satan appearing
The thing I remember about this episode is when the Doctor does an energy calculation for the "gravity funnel" and gets 666 somethings per second and I just think did Satan know what units the scientists would be using in the future?
I always pictured it as a kind of "the universe is very mathematical so of course any kind of cosmic being of any kind of power would intrinsically understand the Mathematics of the universe". I don't believe in God, but if a god exists then they know maths 👀
Flat Earthers use that same logic to prove "globists" are devil worshipers: Our axial tilt? 23.4 degrees? Coincidentally that's a 66.6 degree tilt away from the equator!
@@Stettafire Fair, but the point is that the number depends on the units. Say 2 points on Earth are a mile apart. That means they are 5280 feet apart. Neither number is more correct than the other, they're just expressed in different units. The math is the same either way. Likewise, i still remember the speed of light as ~186,000 miles per second. Somebody learning it more recently would rather say ~300 million meters per second. But it's equally valid to say 1 lightyear per year. So if you wanted a measurement to yield a specific number, you have to know what units your target will be using.
I think on the "Doctor Who Confidential" shown at the time, 2006, they did point out their black hole wasn't realistic but the "rule of cool" meant viewers expect to see a certain "look" for them. Blame the viewing public or Disney film.
Season 10, Episode 11 shows a super-long spaceship stuck in the gravity well of a black hole where time flows differently on either end of the ship. Any chance we can see a reaction to this episode?
Ah yes i remember that, but its just a variation of the time dilation effect, which you can also see in ST:V S6E12 "Blink of an Eye" (Such a fitting name, "Blink" 🙂). Its also in Interstellar with the whole away team and the guy who remains in orbit time passing differently in perspective to each other. In that episode the "bridge" is at the top, a second there is like years at the bottom of the ship.
If you want a more recent depiction of a black hole in Doctor Who with a more serious take on the consequences of the physics I recommend episode S10E11 "World Enough and Time" which has some cool time dilation stuff going on (may need to watch the episode after too but I think most of the physics is in that first episode?)
Thanks for the shout-out Becky. Yes, it was me that made the recommendation. That was just as entertaining as I had hoped, and you discussed pretty-much everything I was expecting you to. I'm also a horror fan and that was a brilliantly unnerving episode, especially when Toby got possessed and all the symbols appeared on his skin. Did you notice that a lot of the background sound effects were taken straight from Doom, the game?
This seems like a fun enough video to admit that every single time Dr B says "Supermassive Black Hole" my brain INSTANTLY starts playing the bass riff from the Muse song 🤣
I love the reaction, educational, and science news bits that you do, thanks! I also totally enjoyed this one, as I am a Dr Who fan, ever since Tom Baker. Brilliant.
I enjoyed the one you did on Contact. From watching Sci / fi movies I always assumed the "radio signals" from space were audio, and could be actually heard on a speaker - even as static fuzz. Never realised they were wavelengths of light.
Fun video! It's always interesting and informative seeing an expert react to something that for most of us would probably pass a squint test, or at least not think twice about. If you're not too tired of Doctor Who, then I'd suggest also checking out an episode from Peter Capaldi's run, "World Enough and Time." It's another episode that prominently features a black hole and black hole physics.
If that's the episode I think it was, they did a creditable job of incorporating gravitational gradients and time dilation into the plot. However, time was moving many, many, many orders of magnitude slower at one end of the ship than the other. I would have thought that, if the gradient was that steep, the ship would have been pulled apart by tidal forces. It was, in all, much better than the complete dog's breakfast they made of simple orbital mechanics a few episodes earlier.
In Star Trek Next Generation a Romulan ship utilized a black hole for power. I believe when matter is compressed it resists compression. Matter resists compression with an increase in its' internal pressure as its' temperature also rises. I believe that just as when matter expands and it cools off, matter cools off as it inflates. Stet? What? Yeah, that 'might' have been made up. Thanks for the vid.
I've never had that explained so well. Black holes and worm holes are two different things. I always saw people mixing these things and not explaining that they are two different things. Thanks for the video!
Thank you for this info. I probably have never remembered any formulas you mention but appreciate the math and facts. I like when you do comparisons to help us relate to a topic we are more famililar with.
Battlestar Galactica FTL jump drives. I'd love to hear what Dr Becky has to say on that Smeg. Also "So what is it?" White Hole the Red Dwarf episode... Playing pool with planets?!? But I just love how passionate Dr Becky is. Fantastic stuff. Thanks 😊.
I'd love to hear your opinions on the episode, "World Enough and Time", Series 10, 2nd to last episode. Deals with extreme time dilation due to a very long ship perpendicular to a black hole.
perfect timing as I just rewatched this not two days past... one key thing I did remember is that it was almost definitely a supermassive black hole, as they describe the streamers as the "crimson system" being swallowed, which you wouldn't expect from a stellar mass black hole. On the whole, I took the "impossibility" of it to mean either orbiting too slowly and/or within the roche limit (though both are contradicted at points in the episodes)
There's an episode of the TV series Space: Above and Beyond called "Ray Butts" which can be found right here on UA-cam that prominently features a Black Hole in the plot. Including the title character getting too close and getting spaghettified. Might be worth a reaction... But if not, as a person who was only very recently introduced to this channel, I must say that your videos are very enjoyable to watch, and thank you very much for putting in the time and effort for making them.
That's one of the issues I have with nuWho. Classic Who resided at the (extremely) soft end of science fiction. With nuWho they pushed it completely over the line into fantasy and make only the barest pretense of it being science fiction.
@@caulkins69 Classic Doctor Who had an ancient race of literal Vampires that fought a war with the Time Lords. It was not any less fantasy than New Who.
incidentally theres another black hole episode in at the end of season 10 "world enough and time" that also deals with a black hole and its effects with time distortion on a very large colony ship
I'm guessing that what they meant by "impossible to orbit" and "geostationary" is that they were just hovering over the black hole at the same distance and direction. So it's like they thought "orbit" meant "in free fall, but not falling in" which is true except for the whole sideways motion thing.
This reminds me of watching the The Princess and the Frog and I asked why the firefly was using a Zimmer frame in mid-air. My son (21 at the time) turned to me with this super serious expression and said "We don't question Disney!"😂😂
I love your videos… but you definitely gave this WAAAAAY more thought than the writers for this episode did! 😂🤪 I was really hoping you would weigh in on the “science” of the TARDIS.
I think the Tardis is just a given in the cannon of the show, that's just what allows the show. Their is probably an episode somewhere that explores it tho, and reacting to that could be fun.
As always, a fun video Dr. Becky! I see your book in the background & I can also see my copy on my bookshelf across the room which is still waiting for your autograph. 🤔🤔
4:00 I think this is a case of "technobabble." There was an episode of Star Trek where the Enterprise has to have "baryonic particles" removed from the hull of the ship. They said the process is deadly to living things (and such a sweep would defiantly be deadly) but harmless to inorganic matter which makes no sense as baryonic particles make up all matter, organic and inorganic alike. To remove them from the hull of a starship would be removing the hull of the starship.
Stargate SG-1 has a black hole episode: _A Matter of Time_ -- the fifteenth episode of the second season. And it comes with bonus black hole on wormhole action!
Didn't the Enterprise fly through a Black Star and get catapulted to the past, where they had to invent the slingshot around the sun manoever of time travel in an episode of TOS? Does that mean they accidentally warp traveled through a black hole?
Love the Dr Who style hand jive. 😁❤️ In the science fiction series Andromeda, the ship of that name, is in orbit around a blackhole, at the beginning of the series, and when it escapes the only surviving member of the crew, the captain, finds he is now three hundred years in the future. David Tennant is back as the fourteenth Doctor.
one of the aspects that is Again not shown here . . . is just how bright an acretion disc would look trough an opening like that . . . somekind of very strong light absorbtion would be required to be able to see anything at all
That's where interstellar went wrong. It was referred to as a black hole when it would of been a wormhole. Gravity funnel 😅 they might as well of called it an electromagnetic trackor beam with the polarity reversed. As for the observation window the radiation shielding must be in the translucent surface and not in the hatch itself lol.
Hi Dr Becky, Edit: Now I think I get it, it's all just the accretion disk, but because of gravitational lensing, we are also seeing accretion disk from behind the black hole. Is that right? In the 1:45 black hole simulation clip you showed, it looked like there was some flowing 'movement' perpendicular to the accretion disk at the surface of the black hole and passing through the BH poles. Is that accurate? Or just an artifact of the simulation. If it's real, is that the photon sphere/event horizon and why is it circling in a manner passing through the poles and perpendicular to the disk.
@@jpdemer5 Thanks, yeah I eventually figured that out (in the edit). It should have been obvious right away! I'm still curious whether there is some specific direction of orbit for the photon sphere (or any of the other horizons) as a result of the rotation of a black hole. Like I read something about material touching the poles more closely for the ergosphere, but I can't really picture the orbit.
@@sophiophileRemember a black hole is a 3 dimensional collapse of space time. There are no "poles". It doesn't matter the angle that you look at it, what you would see would always be the same. Like Becky said in the video, moving from thinking in 2d space to 3d space can play tricks on your mind.
@@barrymak421 not sure why my reply got deleted, but when I said poles, I was referring to the axis of rotation for a black hole with non-zero angular momentum. When a black hole collapses, all of it's angular momentum is conserved, and that creates a distortion/drag on spacetime equatorially (in relation to the axis of rotation) called frame-dragging This means that the motion of particles and light nearby to a black hole is not isotropic in all 3 directions. Look up the shape and definition of a black holes 'ergosphere', and you will see that the gravitational influence is not uniform, and people do refer to 'poles' for rotating black holes, as the direction that relativistic jets emerge from rotating black holes. In fact, a rotating black hole with sufficient angular momentum (which is many of them) is actually sometimes referred to as a 'ringularity' as a result.
Was going to also recommend you the Doctor Who episode World Enough And Time (Season 10 episode 11), which also deals with black hole physics in an interesting way, but it looks like half the comments are already suggesting it to you, haha.
What I love about these sessions is, it’s a science lesson you have when you’re not having a science lesson! So, while I think I’m listening to Dr Becky take the mick out of this story, I’m learning some physics theory. Hang on, that’s not fair😃
There are ideas of 'negative mass' by the metaphor of 'energy debt mass', where the effective mass of an object can be concentrated in one place while being depleted in another, which wouldn't violate conservation of energy if it existed.
I loved your attempt to resolve the concept of a "Gravity Funnel" ! One of the Doctor Who tenants (even before David Tennant was born!) is that the power source of the TARDIS is the "heart of a collapsing black hole" called "The Eye of Harmony" and I would love to hear your thoughts on storing a "collapsing black hole" is a "container" which allows one to generate (Vacuum energy? Gravity disequilibrium? ) energy BTW, I also agree that David Tennant + Billi Piper were THE BEST Doctor Who team!
In one Matt Smith's and Jennifer Coleman's episode they explain the Tardis actually powered by a star locked at the point of collapsing into a black hole too create an infinite power source. I think it actually makes allot sense consider blackholes and their super gravity are one of the only real world phenomenons that can effect time.
There's a couple episodes of The Expanse I would be super keen to hear your thoughts on: * Home (season 2, episode 5) * Delta V (season 3, episode 7) No black holes, but both deal with some really interesting physics questions and depictions. Home especially, Delta V's cool phsyics are mainly near the end... but, if you're keen to watch the entire latter half of season 3 (episodes 7 - 13), those interesting physics get even more interesting.
Hey Dr. Becky, only discovered you a few months ago and I'm loving your videos. Your breakdown of the recent black holes = dark energy paper was fantastic! I would love to see you react to the old Disney film "The Black Hole" if you ever get the chance. One of my favorites from when I was a kid!
I love that you didn't use the airpods as a mic, cause I've seen a bunch of people using airpods as a mic despite having a terrible audio thanks doc becky
I've got to admit, I love Who. In fact, I've seen every existing episode going back to 1963. Having said that, we're talking about an alien with two hearts who can change their looks, their age, their gender and their personality when their old body gets too damaged, and they travel around in a ship that's bigger on the inside and can move backward and forward in time as easily as you or I walk through a room. I've got my "suspension of disbelief" knob turned up to "maximum" before the theme music even starts 🙂 You know what does bug me in space movies? Spaceships that _bank_ when they turn. Banking helps airplanes turn. It does nothing in space. Yet, they all do it.
Yes I think a lot of sci-fi fantasy has spaceships acting like planes -it should be orbital dynamics not aerodynamics. We should see thruster exhaust when they change orientation or direction. Also they often have sound effects like planes in the air. Maybe Star Wars started that off - or was it something before that? Many also have explosions that make clouds (material turning back on itself) -in space the material should spread out in all directions without slowing down as it would where there is atmopsheric pressure to make it look like a cloud. That 'bugs me'!
I love how they're so astonished that something could orbit a black hole like someone just told them the sky is made of unicorns. To the point the characters are just saying it's downright impossible LOL
if i am not mistaken , a geo stationary orbit , would simply mean that you are moving at the same visible speed as the accretion disc below you , which must be very close and very fast as you say , so that the inner orbiting material , is not moving any faster than you
Dr Becky, you should have played the Doctor's next line: "Not that one. It just eats." It's a wonderful scene, with a beautiful music interlude playing.
"the doctor was wrong about black holes" thank you, this is something i've been saying for a while. while it would be extremely difficult to do, you can have planets orbiting black holes without getting sucked in or ejected from the system,
The idea of black holes being “portals to another dimension/universe” isn't just confusion with wormholes; it comes from mathematical models that extend the geodesics of a black hole (e.g. in a Penrose diagram) through the singularity and “out the other side”, because of a mathematical purist philosophy that they “shouldn't” just end there. There are some good reasons to think spacetime shouldn't just suddenly end at a point like it supposedly does at the singularity-for example continuous translational symmetry as required by Noether's theorem-but this is probably better interpreted as reason to doubt the existence of a true singularity, rather than predict an extra universe on the “other side” of every black hole. Not to mention, truly pointlike singularities can't exist anyway as all real black holes have at least _some_ spin (most of them quite a lot). But yeah, unfortunately I've seen this idea perpetuated by serious physicists, from educational TV programs to even science books for kids.
There was a great story with the main plot point being a black hole and its time dilating effects. Would be nice if you could also talk about that one. It was called "World enough and time".
Series 10 Episode 11, World Enough and Time (2017). Another Doctor Who episode dealing with a black hole and time effects around it. By the way - there is a star somewhere in the core of the TARDIS. In Episode 10 of Series 7 Journey to the Centre of the TARDIS they see an "exploding star, in the act of becoming a black hole. Timelord engineering - you rip the star from its orbit, suspend it in a permanent state of decay". What can I say... =)
I'm assuming by geostationary, they meant the other way around, so *they* are the ones always facing the same way towards the black hole, given the one big window.
Disney popularized the concept of black hole as wormhole in the ending of its 1979 movie, The Black Hole. The novelization by Alan Dean Foster committed much less to that concept, sticking closer to the idea that the black hole is a gate to an afterlife of higher consciousness for the good guys, and a sort of hell for the bad guys. But they also got the idea that the Cygnus could be in a stable orbit, discounting being irradiated.
I tended to watch Dr Who for the philosophy rather than the physics...the 2nd part of this, 'The Satan Pit', has a great line about humans not being driven by the evolutionary desire to "...leap and reach the next branch..." but the "...desire to fall!..."
I'm glad you chose this one with the black hole! At least that episode mentioned some 'real science' as well as making up imaginary science to fit the story. Some are so much more way out -like the one where various planets from all over the place all ended up together in a different universe or dimension - I don't remember the episode name. That was really weird!
Is there an uncut version of the gravity funnel rant? It looked like that was a lot longer but editing Becky cut it short. If there is, we’re going to need that uploaded immediately.
I remember trying to gauge how far the planet was from the black hole by how much of the sky the accretion disk took up. Then the bit about "geostationary orbit" came up and here we are looking at the accretion disk face-on... are we to believe the planet is in a "geostationary orbit" perpendicular to the accretion disk which itself must be perpendicular to the spin axiis? Granted that spinning black holes do funny things to nearby spacetime (frame dragging and all) but that was when I quietly told my complaining Suspension Of Disbelief to go have some Tylenol and a nap.
I reckon I know what their misunderstanding was, one character there says they're "suspended" in "geostationary orbit", I think they're misunderstanding what an orbit is and what "stationary" refers to in that word, because if I remember correctly, the planet is suspended above the black hole, in the sense that it's not orbiting just hanging there. If that's the case it may well be impossible from the Dr's perspective as there's no obvious source of thrust there 🙂
Don't like the TARDIS engine noise????????? WHOT????? That sound gives everyone who needs it, hope. Another great video :) This one is right up your alley. Another decent Who episode with a black hole as the main impetus for the story, is "World Enough and Time", in Peter Capaldi's series 10.
As others said there's an s10 episode with crazy time dilation between the ends of one ship It's a bit more interesting than this in the sense that this one had some general forever stuff but lots made up whereas the other one takes itself way more seriously imho
I love how excited you get about the things that push your buttons. So, how about them short spaces of times? Is it a space or is it a time? Can we have a short spacetime interval? Thanks, Rebecca!
Not a TV show, but a classic book. 📖 David Brin: "Earth" About micro black holes, gravitation wave detectors, ... Fiction, of course, but with rather solid roots in science.
I suspect they picked "geostationary" out of the grab bag of technobabble as "stays still in our sky", which would actually mean that their planet is tidally locked to the black hole. Then we have the idea that they're orbiting too close to sustain their orbit - which wouldn't be that remarkable if they're actually at the first Lagrange point of a darker body in the opposite direction. The remarkable portion here is the stability (L1 doesn't leave room for error), followed by the weird descriptions. But then, how they elect to resolve this is a different story.
You are lucky to be born when you did. I’m 52 and everybody told us forever that blackholes suck light and adjacent astral bodies and grow bigger. And for everybody I’m referring to our teachers, science and physic teachers. So changing the collective misunderstanding will be difficult, but doable with time. ❤
There was a BBC documentary in like 2001 called "space" with Sam Neil which described black holes as "sucking everything in". Looking back at it now its very overdramatic and portrays the idea of a supermassive black hole in the milky way as "terrifying".
I remember that the Enterprise travelled too close to a Dark Star (presumably in Warp) and went back in time… I don’t think they imagined it would have an accretion disc. But I always liked that part because it shows how they were working with the science of the 1960s. Maybe the difference between Science Fiction and Science Fantasy is how much homework the writers did.
I remember cringing at this episode when it was broadcast for how ludicrous its misrepresentation of black holes was, and I was just a nerdy 15-year-old back then! My cringe almost breaks my face now, after having gained a Theoretical Physics degree and 17 years of additional life experience.
There's another Dr Who story with a black hole you might want to check out. World Enough and Time and The Doctor Falls is a two parter that uses the extreme relativistic effects as a major plot device. Would be cool to see if the show has gotten more accurate over time.
Seconded- I'd love to see that!
That’s by far the coolest and most scientifically accurate use of black holes in the show.
I was thinking the same thing, though my issue with that one scientifically is the fact that the reeeeeally long ship managed to stay in one piece while blasting its engines at full power to keep it just a few radii away from the event horizon. Shouldn't it have been spagettified being that close?
Came here for this, yeah.
That episode is a masterpiece. One of my favorites.
The DVD commentary track for this actually makes some of the points about orbits that you do here. They did realize after they shot this that they’d got that wrong and admitted it!
So glad you mentioned this - I'd actually forgotten that bit! Now I want to pull it out and watch again. 😊
Nice!
@@DrBecky The link to your book doesn't for for me?!
See, my only problem in this case is that both David Tennant and Billie Piper are so adorable, I want to believe them
I mean you just need to put the pair of them on screen and my brain switches off, soooo 😂
Suspension of disbelief ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
My favourite pair in my favourite two episodes. I believe in Dr Who 🧚🧚🧚
But not as adorable as our own Dr Becky ;-)
@@sharg0 were she on the show, The Doctor would be Dr. Becky's companion. 😄
I'd love to see Becky in Doctor Who, listening to him babble some technical explanation and then be like '*sigh* You're talking absolute rubbish, Doctor '
I’d love to see that 🤣
Becky is the next DOCTOR.
You can add QI to that list. It'd be great listening to her rattle off facts while surrounded by comedians. Besides, they've already had Brian Cox on twice.
That's why Liz Shaw quit. She recognized what show she was a character on. ;)
🤣🤣🤣
Awesome 👍👍👍
Another episode dealing with a Black Hole is season 10 episode 11. It deals with a 400 mile long Ship escaping from a black hole and time dilation on board.
I mentioned that episode (one of my favorites!), too - and saw at least one other comment agreeing with us!
@@MaryAnnNytowl The more comments for the episode the better. It raises our chances of getting to see it.
When I saw that one I was like "ha ha! The writers must've forgotten that time flows differently the closer they are!" and then they actually remembered.
I'm not even a Moffat hater. I love his writing. I'm just hungry for things to nitpick I suppose.
I think The Doctor's "that's impossible" thing was less "we shouldn't be in orbit" but more so "we shouldn't be alive"
I may be mistaken, but I'm pretty sure it was a "stationary orbit" ...like it wasn't rotating around the blackhole which is why he was so shocked.
Who knows really? 😉
@@Hannah_The_Heretic Indeed, it was a stationary orbit and those can last indefinitely. However, I believe there's a point regarding the Doctor's worries, even though he hadn't heard this information prior to his observation (then again, he probably doesn't need it - reference to episodes like "Kill the Moon" and "Rose"):
Considering the planet's origin is ancient and the story happened in a FAR AWAY future timeline, many eons have passed through the planet. It's interesting how even physicists say: "Oh, he's safe in a stationary orbit because the Moon and the Earth last several lifetimes". That is true, but imo what Dr. Becky skipped in her observations is a thing called "orbit decay". You can't have a stationary prison planet standing for eons on the same orbit and that's why I believe the writer created the weird force tunnel nobody can explain (lets call it weird dark energy... stuff). In fact, orbit decay is a big part of the explanations of spatial relativity and even black holes can merge as a result of a mutual pull. It's a gradual process, but not having a shift is plain weird.
Although, one can argue the Doctor was exaggerating before the need to actually exaggerate, but oh well. 😅
@@ReversedPolarity look at the end of the day its sci-fi, i think we all need to accept and understand that not everything is going to be 100% accurate.
@@Hannah_The_Heretic Indeed, you're not wrong there. After all, there's plenty of outdated scientific facts in previous episodes, but I also think Doctor Who doesn't get enough credit for what it does right in the realm of plausibility, even if it is a work of pure fiction.
It's far easier to dismantle the myths than to prove them even if there are plenty of pieces that tie that world together in many different ways. In fact, Becky does a great job at trying to figure out how a gravity funnel would actually work and I thought that was an interesting thought experiment. I think that's the best part about Doctor Who - to stir some curiosity about the unknown, not to dismiss it.
*geo*stationary
And I much prefer that they make up technobabble than use existing terminology wrong as the latter may confuse people who don't dig deep enough into each scientific bit in the show. It could potentially cause misinformation eg if before the discovery of the Higgs boson they'd said that it meant aliens, then the discovery could've caused people to think "aliens".
Funny that of all the episodes you could have picked to analyze for scientific accuracy, you chose the two-parter whose second part has the literal Satan appearing
I was just thinking that, it’s hilariously one of the best episodes to which is trippy.
Makes no sense. Jupiter or Saturn sure
The thing I remember about this episode is when the Doctor does an energy calculation for the "gravity funnel" and gets 666 somethings per second and I just think did Satan know what units the scientists would be using in the future?
Actually, 666 refers to Nero.
Execute Order 666
I always pictured it as a kind of "the universe is very mathematical so of course any kind of cosmic being of any kind of power would intrinsically understand the Mathematics of the universe".
I don't believe in God, but if a god exists then they know maths 👀
Flat Earthers use that same logic to prove "globists" are devil worshipers: Our axial tilt? 23.4 degrees? Coincidentally that's a 66.6 degree tilt away from the equator!
@@Stettafire Fair, but the point is that the number depends on the units. Say 2 points on Earth are a mile apart. That means they are 5280 feet apart. Neither number is more correct than the other, they're just expressed in different units. The math is the same either way. Likewise, i still remember the speed of light as ~186,000 miles per second. Somebody learning it more recently would rather say ~300 million meters per second. But it's equally valid to say 1 lightyear per year. So if you wanted a measurement to yield a specific number, you have to know what units your target will be using.
I think on the "Doctor Who Confidential" shown at the time, 2006, they did point out their black hole wasn't realistic but the "rule of cool" meant viewers expect to see a certain "look" for them. Blame the viewing public or Disney film.
So basically filmmakers think their audience is stupid
@@karlkastor to be fair, the majority is
@@kellydalstok8900 If that would be the majority it wouldn't really be stupid anymore, would it? You kind of have to be below average to be stupid
Season 10, Episode 11 shows a super-long spaceship stuck in the gravity well of a black hole where time flows differently on either end of the ship. Any chance we can see a reaction to this episode?
Seconded, I was about to write this!
Ah yes i remember that, but its just a variation of the time dilation effect, which you can also see in ST:V S6E12 "Blink of an Eye" (Such a fitting name, "Blink" 🙂). Its also in Interstellar with the whole away team and the guy who remains in orbit time passing differently in perspective to each other. In that episode the "bridge" is at the top, a second there is like years at the bottom of the ship.
If you want a more recent depiction of a black hole in Doctor Who with a more serious take on the consequences of the physics I recommend episode S10E11 "World Enough and Time" which has some cool time dilation stuff going on (may need to watch the episode after too but I think most of the physics is in that first episode?)
The Doctor with Dr Becky as companion,that i want to see!
A perfect duo.🤪
Emma Thorne as the Doctor!
@@Sableagle or Michael Sheen
Thanks for the shout-out Becky. Yes, it was me that made the recommendation. That was just as entertaining as I had hoped, and you discussed pretty-much everything I was expecting you to.
I'm also a horror fan and that was a brilliantly unnerving episode, especially when Toby got possessed and all the symbols appeared on his skin. Did you notice that a lot of the background sound effects were taken straight from Doom, the game?
This seems like a fun enough video to admit that every single time Dr B says "Supermassive Black Hole" my brain INSTANTLY starts playing the bass riff from the Muse song 🤣
I love the reaction, educational, and science news bits that you do, thanks! I also totally enjoyed this one, as I am a Dr Who fan, ever since Tom Baker. Brilliant.
👋🏼 Hello, fellow Whovian. I've been there since Pertwee, myself! 👋🏼
I enjoyed the one you did on Contact. From watching Sci / fi movies I always assumed the "radio signals" from space were audio, and could be actually heard on a speaker - even as static fuzz. Never realised they were wavelengths of light.
4:49 You're over thinking it, the writers only know the popular buzz words and don't understand what they mean.
I hope some sci-fi writer refers to a fictional Smethurst Scale someday.
'That's impossible! It's reading over 5000 Smethursts!'
Your new video popped up just at the moment I finished an episode of Doctor Who (S01E08)! 😅
Synchronicity or "great minds"...
@@jerelull9629 Father's Day S01E08
Fun video! It's always interesting and informative seeing an expert react to something that for most of us would probably pass a squint test, or at least not think twice about. If you're not too tired of Doctor Who, then I'd suggest also checking out an episode from Peter Capaldi's run, "World Enough and Time." It's another episode that prominently features a black hole and black hole physics.
If that's the episode I think it was, they did a creditable job of incorporating gravitational gradients and time dilation into the plot. However, time was moving many, many, many orders of magnitude slower at one end of the ship than the other. I would have thought that, if the gradient was that steep, the ship would have been pulled apart by tidal forces.
It was, in all, much better than the complete dog's breakfast they made of simple orbital mechanics a few episodes earlier.
@@johnopalko5223 I'm sceptical about the amount of dilation occuring over 400 miles that is depicted in the episode.
If anyone is "tired of Doctor Who", my heart goes out to them!
@@JessWLStuart Then you don't know what's been happening since Chibnall took over.
@@johnopalko5223 Didn't their attempt to accelerate out make it worse?
In Star Trek Next Generation a Romulan ship utilized a black hole for power.
I believe when matter is compressed it resists compression. Matter resists compression with an increase in its' internal pressure as its' temperature also rises.
I believe that just as when matter expands and it cools off, matter cools off as it inflates.
Stet? What? Yeah, that 'might' have been made up.
Thanks for the vid.
I've never had that explained so well. Black holes and worm holes are two different things. I always saw people mixing these things and not explaining that they are two different things. Thanks for the video!
I’m sure we can all agree that Dr B is incredibly smart and adorable. But how geeky are you not to have already seen most of these sci-fis ??
Thank you for this info. I probably have never remembered any formulas you mention but appreciate the math and facts. I like when you do comparisons to help us relate to a topic we are more famililar with.
I know it's not exactly on-topic, but the music for that episode was wonderful. I would've liked more in that style.
Battlestar Galactica FTL jump drives. I'd love to hear what Dr Becky has to say on that Smeg. Also "So what is it?" White Hole the Red Dwarf episode... Playing pool with planets?!?
But I just love how passionate Dr Becky is.
Fantastic stuff. Thanks 😊.
i remember this ep, hearing the line about not being able to orbit a black hole, and questioning or down right refusing that
15:02 "black holes are not holes!" but they are a 'whole' lot of mass :D
😄 good one!
I'd love to hear your opinions on the episode, "World Enough and Time", Series 10, 2nd to last episode. Deals with extreme time dilation due to a very long ship perpendicular to a black hole.
perfect timing as I just rewatched this not two days past... one key thing I did remember is that it was almost definitely a supermassive black hole, as they describe the streamers as the "crimson system" being swallowed, which you wouldn't expect from a stellar mass black hole. On the whole, I took the "impossibility" of it to mean either orbiting too slowly and/or within the roche limit (though both are contradicted at points in the episodes)
I think you'd enjoy more episodes of Stargate SG-1. There's one where Carter blows up a star, the season 4 finale I think, that is quite good.
You blow up one start and thats all anyone remembers you for
Thousands of years into the future, I can believe they've made good radiation shielding
There's an episode of the TV series Space: Above and Beyond called "Ray Butts" which can be found right here on UA-cam that prominently features a Black Hole in the plot. Including the title character getting too close and getting spaghettified. Might be worth a reaction...
But if not, as a person who was only very recently introduced to this channel, I must say that your videos are very enjoyable to watch, and thank you very much for putting in the time and effort for making them.
Doctor Who is a fantasy series with sci fi as a backdrop. The characters and story are what it focuses on.
That's one of the issues I have with nuWho. Classic Who resided at the (extremely) soft end of science fiction. With nuWho they pushed it completely over the line into fantasy and make only the barest pretense of it being science fiction.
@@caulkins69 Classic Doctor Who had an ancient race of literal Vampires that fought a war with the Time Lords. It was not any less fantasy than New Who.
David and Billy were my favorite combo.
They were great.
I'm a U-Boat Commander Jacket bearing fan of Eccleston :)
incidentally theres another black hole episode in at the end of season 10 "world enough and time" that also deals with a black hole and its effects with time distortion on a very large colony ship
I'm guessing that what they meant by "impossible to orbit" and "geostationary" is that they were just hovering over the black hole at the same distance and direction.
So it's like they thought "orbit" meant "in free fall, but not falling in" which is true except for the whole sideways motion thing.
It's doctor who you just make up new science when the old science won't do 😂
I remember that in the 2nd episode of the reboot, they go see the earth consumed by the sun the far future
This reminds me of watching the The Princess and the Frog and I asked why the firefly was using a Zimmer frame in mid-air. My son (21 at the time) turned to me with this super serious expression and said "We don't question Disney!"😂😂
I love your videos… but you definitely gave this WAAAAAY more thought than the writers for this episode did! 😂🤪
I was really hoping you would weigh in on the “science” of the TARDIS.
Also, since you mentioned wormholes… you should do a review of an episode of “Sliders”
I think the Tardis is just a given in the cannon of the show, that's just what allows the show. Their is probably an episode somewhere that explores it tho, and reacting to that could be fun.
As always, a fun video Dr. Becky! I see your book in the background & I can also see my copy on my bookshelf across the room which is still waiting for your autograph. 🤔🤔
4:00 I think this is a case of "technobabble."
There was an episode of Star Trek where the Enterprise has to have "baryonic particles" removed from the hull of the ship. They said the process is deadly to living things (and such a sweep would defiantly be deadly) but harmless to inorganic matter which makes no sense as baryonic particles make up all matter, organic and inorganic alike. To remove them from the hull of a starship would be removing the hull of the starship.
18:55 well good thing he's back as the lead Doctor for three episodes later this year
Stargate SG-1 has a black hole episode: _A Matter of Time_ -- the fifteenth episode of the second season.
And it comes with bonus black hole on wormhole action!
Dr. Becky did an awesome review of that last year--highly recommended. Check it ou!
Didn't the Enterprise fly through a Black Star and get catapulted to the past, where they had to invent the slingshot around the sun manoever of time travel in an episode of TOS? Does that mean they accidentally warp traveled through a black hole?
Love the Dr Who style hand jive. 😁❤️
In the science fiction series Andromeda, the ship of that name, is in orbit around a blackhole, at the beginning of the series, and when it escapes the only surviving member of the crew, the captain, finds he is now three hundred years in the future.
David Tennant is back as the fourteenth Doctor.
one of the aspects that is Again not shown here . . . is just how bright an acretion disc would look trough an opening like that . . . somekind of very strong light absorbtion would be required to be able to see anything at all
lol, the Tardis fits very conveniently in parking garages. And arguably gives very good returns on the MPG thing.
Just a quick note on the self-gravity of space ships: we don't really in gravity to hold space ships together. We use nuts and bolts and welding.
That's where interstellar went wrong. It was referred to as a black hole when it would of been a wormhole. Gravity funnel 😅 they might as well of called it an electromagnetic trackor beam with the polarity reversed. As for the observation window the radiation shielding must be in the translucent surface and not in the hatch itself lol.
I'd love to see Dr Becky react to the Red Dwarf episode 'White Hole'.
Would love to see more Dr.Who reactions. Cant think of any specific ones off hand though.
Hi Dr Becky,
Edit: Now I think I get it, it's all just the accretion disk, but because of gravitational lensing, we are also seeing accretion disk from behind the black hole. Is that right?
In the 1:45 black hole simulation clip you showed, it looked like there was some flowing 'movement' perpendicular to the accretion disk at the surface of the black hole and passing through the BH poles. Is that accurate? Or just an artifact of the simulation.
If it's real, is that the photon sphere/event horizon and why is it circling in a manner passing through the poles and perpendicular to the disk.
What you're seeing is the disk behind the black hole . . . the light from the disk having been bent toward you by the gravity of the black hole.
@@jpdemer5 Thanks, yeah I eventually figured that out (in the edit). It should have been obvious right away! I'm still curious whether there is some specific direction of orbit for the photon sphere (or any of the other horizons) as a result of the rotation of a black hole. Like I read something about material touching the poles more closely for the ergosphere, but I can't really picture the orbit.
That is my understanding, so yes. What they have skipped is the orbits are fast enough the particles moving toward you should be blue shifted.
@@sophiophileRemember a black hole is a 3 dimensional collapse of space time. There are no "poles". It doesn't matter the angle that you look at it, what you would see would always be the same. Like Becky said in the video, moving from thinking in 2d space to 3d space can play tricks on your mind.
@@barrymak421 not sure why my reply got deleted, but when I said poles, I was referring to the axis of rotation for a black hole with non-zero angular momentum. When a black hole collapses, all of it's angular momentum is conserved, and that creates a distortion/drag on spacetime equatorially (in relation to the axis of rotation) called frame-dragging This means that the motion of particles and light nearby to a black hole is not isotropic in all 3 directions. Look up the shape and definition of a black holes 'ergosphere', and you will see that the gravitational influence is not uniform, and people do refer to 'poles' for rotating black holes, as the direction that relativistic jets emerge from rotating black holes.
In fact, a rotating black hole with sufficient angular momentum (which is many of them) is actually sometimes referred to as a 'ringularity' as a result.
Was going to also recommend you the Doctor Who episode World Enough And Time (Season 10 episode 11), which also deals with black hole physics in an interesting way, but it looks like half the comments are already suggesting it to you, haha.
What I love about these sessions is, it’s a science lesson you have when you’re not having a science lesson! So, while I think I’m listening to Dr Becky take the mick out of this story, I’m learning some physics theory. Hang on, that’s not fair😃
There are ideas of 'negative mass' by the metaphor of 'energy debt mass', where the effective mass of an object can be concentrated in one place while being depleted in another, which wouldn't violate conservation of energy if it existed.
I loved your attempt to resolve the concept of a "Gravity Funnel" !
One of the Doctor Who tenants (even before David Tennant was born!) is that the power source of the TARDIS is the "heart of a collapsing black hole" called "The Eye of Harmony" and I would love to hear your thoughts on storing a "collapsing black hole" is a "container" which allows one to generate (Vacuum energy? Gravity disequilibrium? ) energy
BTW, I also agree that David Tennant + Billi Piper were THE BEST Doctor Who team!
In one Matt Smith's and Jennifer Coleman's episode they explain the Tardis actually powered by a star locked at the point of collapsing into a black hole too create an infinite power source. I think it actually makes allot sense consider blackholes and their super gravity are one of the only real world phenomenons that can effect time.
There's a couple episodes of The Expanse I would be super keen to hear your thoughts on:
* Home (season 2, episode 5)
* Delta V (season 3, episode 7)
No black holes, but both deal with some really interesting physics questions and depictions. Home especially, Delta V's cool phsyics are mainly near the end... but, if you're keen to watch the entire latter half of season 3 (episodes 7 - 13), those interesting physics get even more interesting.
Hey Dr. Becky, only discovered you a few months ago and I'm loving your videos. Your breakdown of the recent black holes = dark energy paper was fantastic! I would love to see you react to the old Disney film "The Black Hole" if you ever get the chance. One of my favorites from when I was a kid!
I love that you didn't use the airpods as a mic, cause I've seen a bunch of people using airpods as a mic despite having a terrible audio
thanks doc becky
I've got to admit, I love Who. In fact, I've seen every existing episode going back to 1963.
Having said that, we're talking about an alien with two hearts who can change their looks, their age, their gender and their personality when their old body gets too damaged, and they travel around in a ship that's bigger on the inside and can move backward and forward in time as easily as you or I walk through a room.
I've got my "suspension of disbelief" knob turned up to "maximum" before the theme music even starts 🙂
You know what does bug me in space movies? Spaceships that _bank_ when they turn. Banking helps airplanes turn. It does nothing in space. Yet, they all do it.
Yes I think a lot of sci-fi fantasy has spaceships acting like planes -it should be orbital dynamics not aerodynamics. We should see thruster exhaust when they change orientation or direction. Also they often have sound effects like planes in the air. Maybe Star Wars started that off - or was it something before that?
Many also have explosions that make clouds (material turning back on itself) -in space the material should spread out in all directions without slowing down as it would where there is atmopsheric pressure to make it look like a cloud. That 'bugs me'!
I love how they're so astonished that something could orbit a black hole like someone just told them the sky is made of unicorns. To the point the characters are just saying it's downright impossible LOL
if i am not mistaken , a geo stationary orbit , would simply mean that you are moving at the same visible speed as the accretion disc below you , which must be very close and very fast as you say , so that the inner orbiting material , is not moving any faster than you
Dr Becky, you should have played the Doctor's next line: "Not that one. It just eats." It's a wonderful scene, with a beautiful music interlude playing.
I understand that black holes and worm holes are different. My question is could you have a worm hole with one of its ends inside a black hole?
Badly needed Dr Who credit: Scientific Advisor - Dr Becky
Yeah, but then Dr Who won’t be Dr Who. It’d probably change to Dr Whom 😂😂😂
As the Doctor has said "it's wibbaly wobbly timey whimey stuff" Also, remember River Song's rule number 1, The Doctor lies.
I think the idea of the black hole connecting somewhere is derived from the extended Penrose diagram.
"the doctor was wrong about black holes" thank you, this is something i've been saying for a while. while it would be extremely difficult to do, you can have planets orbiting black holes without getting sucked in or ejected from the system,
Dr Becky has to react to Red Dwarf. She is English so will get all the humour and the science fiction she can debunk at will!
Negative Mass....
"Hello, I´m commander Shepard, and this is my favourite research Station in the galaxy!"
The idea of black holes being “portals to another dimension/universe” isn't just confusion with wormholes; it comes from mathematical models that extend the geodesics of a black hole (e.g. in a Penrose diagram) through the singularity and “out the other side”, because of a mathematical purist philosophy that they “shouldn't” just end there. There are some good reasons to think spacetime shouldn't just suddenly end at a point like it supposedly does at the singularity-for example continuous translational symmetry as required by Noether's theorem-but this is probably better interpreted as reason to doubt the existence of a true singularity, rather than predict an extra universe on the “other side” of every black hole. Not to mention, truly pointlike singularities can't exist anyway as all real black holes have at least _some_ spin (most of them quite a lot). But yeah, unfortunately I've seen this idea perpetuated by serious physicists, from educational TV programs to even science books for kids.
There was a great story with the main plot point being a black hole and its time dilating effects.
Would be nice if you could also talk about that one.
It was called "World enough and time".
Series 10 Episode 11, World Enough and Time (2017). Another Doctor Who episode dealing with a black hole and time effects around it.
By the way - there is a star somewhere in the core of the TARDIS.
In Episode 10 of Series 7 Journey to the Centre of the TARDIS they see an "exploding star, in the act of becoming a black hole. Timelord engineering - you rip the star from its orbit, suspend it in a permanent state of decay". What can I say... =)
I'm assuming by geostationary, they meant the other way around, so *they* are the ones always facing the same way towards the black hole, given the one big window.
Disney popularized the concept of black hole as wormhole in the ending of its 1979 movie, The Black Hole. The novelization by Alan Dean Foster committed much less to that concept, sticking closer to the idea that the black hole is a gate to an afterlife of higher consciousness for the good guys, and a sort of hell for the bad guys. But they also got the idea that the Cygnus could be in a stable orbit, discounting being irradiated.
I tended to watch Dr Who for the philosophy rather than the physics...the 2nd part of this, 'The Satan Pit', has a great line about humans not being driven by the evolutionary desire to "...leap and reach the next branch..." but the "...desire to fall!..."
I'm glad you chose this one with the black hole! At least that episode mentioned some 'real science' as well as making up imaginary science to fit the story. Some are so much more way out -like the one where various planets from all over the place all ended up together in a different universe or dimension - I don't remember the episode name. That was really weird!
Doctor Who is a great show. Doesn't matter if it's inaccurate because it's fun. I'd like to see you react to how they deal with a Time Paradox.
Is there an uncut version of the gravity funnel rant? It looked like that was a lot longer but editing Becky cut it short. If there is, we’re going to need that uploaded immediately.
I remember trying to gauge how far the planet was from the black hole by how much of the sky the accretion disk took up. Then the bit about "geostationary orbit" came up and here we are looking at the accretion disk face-on... are we to believe the planet is in a "geostationary orbit" perpendicular to the accretion disk which itself must be perpendicular to the spin axiis?
Granted that spinning black holes do funny things to nearby spacetime (frame dragging and all) but that was when I quietly told my complaining Suspension Of Disbelief to go have some Tylenol and a nap.
I reckon I know what their misunderstanding was, one character there says they're "suspended" in "geostationary orbit", I think they're misunderstanding what an orbit is and what "stationary" refers to in that word, because if I remember correctly, the planet is suspended above the black hole, in the sense that it's not orbiting just hanging there. If that's the case it may well be impossible from the Dr's perspective as there's no obvious source of thrust there 🙂
Don't like the TARDIS engine noise????????? WHOT?????
That sound gives everyone who needs it, hope.
Another great video :) This one is right up your alley. Another decent Who episode with a black hole as the main impetus for the story, is "World Enough and Time", in Peter Capaldi's series 10.
As others said there's an s10 episode with crazy time dilation between the ends of one ship
It's a bit more interesting than this in the sense that this one had some general forever stuff but lots made up whereas the other one takes itself way more seriously imho
It is a bit more like an interstellar in that sense but at least it's a lot shorter and people don't try to say it's the greatest thing ever lol
Thanks for the video Dr. Becky
I love how excited you get about the things that push your buttons. So, how about them short spaces of times? Is it a space or is it a time? Can we have a short spacetime interval? Thanks, Rebecca!
Finally I ave been waiting for this. Thanks.
I requested that too! High five to Ian, we got Dr Becky hooked!
Not a TV show, but a classic book. 📖
David Brin: "Earth"
About micro black holes, gravitation wave detectors, ...
Fiction, of course, but with rather solid roots in science.
I know I'm going off topic but my favorite episode is still the one with Vincent van Gogh. 👍🏻👀🇺🇲❤️
This and Blink!
Very good episode also. Between fiction and adventure, somehow episodes of it are very emotional. 'Listen' is a good episode also.
Oh, I love that one too!
Brilliant episode!
@@andyny29 becky or who. ?
With David Tennent coming back for 3 60th anniversary specials you should definitely watch some more doctor who.
I think that the science of World Enough and Time was better. Missy's explanation of General Relativity wins.
You should really check out Farscape. Great show and plenty of wormholes.
I suspect they picked "geostationary" out of the grab bag of technobabble as "stays still in our sky", which would actually mean that their planet is tidally locked to the black hole. Then we have the idea that they're orbiting too close to sustain their orbit - which wouldn't be that remarkable if they're actually at the first Lagrange point of a darker body in the opposite direction. The remarkable portion here is the stability (L1 doesn't leave room for error), followed by the weird descriptions. But then, how they elect to resolve this is a different story.
You are lucky to be born when you did. I’m 52 and everybody told us forever that blackholes suck light and adjacent astral bodies and grow bigger. And for everybody I’m referring to our teachers, science and physic teachers.
So changing the collective misunderstanding will be difficult, but doable with time. ❤
There was a BBC documentary in like 2001 called "space" with Sam Neil which described black holes as "sucking everything in". Looking back at it now its very overdramatic and portrays the idea of a supermassive black hole in the milky way as "terrifying".
I remember that the Enterprise travelled too close to a Dark Star (presumably in Warp) and went back in time… I don’t think they imagined it would have an accretion disc. But I always liked that part because it shows how they were working with the science of the 1960s. Maybe the difference between Science Fiction and Science Fantasy is how much homework the writers did.
I remember cringing at this episode when it was broadcast for how ludicrous its misrepresentation of black holes was, and I was just a nerdy 15-year-old back then! My cringe almost breaks my face now, after having gained a Theoretical Physics degree and 17 years of additional life experience.