While bad, I'd consider fat soluble mercury compounds like methylmercury worse. They can go through gloves, go through your skin more easily, and can go directly through the blood-brain barrier.
There is an episode of the show called "Hamilton's Pharmacopeia" where he talks to an alleged clandestine MDMA manufacturer. It shows the process and everything, and in one part the chemist claims that he does get tested for mercury since the Mercury salt is used to make the aluminum amalgam to reduce (in this case) MDP2P or Methylenedioxyphenylacetone to the desired MDMA. It's just like in "Breaking Bad" except there they were reducing P2P or Phenylacetone to Methamphetamine.
I mean it doesn't give u every measurements and also its hard to get these without an actual license to buy dangerous chemicals and he does it so we don't do it and equipment is probably expensive af
Whenever you have nitrogen dioxide gas being produced, pass it through water to get some nitric acid back. That might reduce the cost of videos that need nitric acid.
One thing you can do with the stuff is dip copper objects in it to give it a silvery color instead (because it turns the surface into a copper amalgam). Make sure to clean off every trace of corrosion from the copper so it's just plain copper metal though. But it sounds weird to have a mercury plating solution, but unlike solid metals, you are guaranteed to have a smooth surface, it will not electrodeposit in a spongy finely divided surface.
Another thing you can do is react it with phenyl-2-propanone, methylamine (or nitromethane) and aluminum metal to yield crystal meth! Alternatively, you could react the 3,4,-methylenedioxy- substituent of phenyl-2-propanone in place of the phenyl-2-propanone to yield MDMA (ecstasy, molly). Really useful stuff!
@@achilleslade3771 couldnt you just react the phenyl-2-propanone with methyl amine and follow with sodium cyanoborohydride? Or phenyl 2 propanone with methyl amine and then react with sodium borohydride and follow with acetic acid, since no other other ketones are present? Seems cheaper, and less toxic to me than using mercury salts.
@@louiesatterwhite3885 Absolutely. There are lots of reducing agents that are viable for use in the reaction, NaBH4 and NaBH3CN included. I was just giving an example of the potential use of mercuric chloride, it is by no means the most efficient or cheapest reagent. One thing that does make it stand out is the relatively small quantities necessary for the reduction (generally in the order of milligrams for 100+ grams of end product) and the dual purpose of destroying the amalgam with base, which also liberates the freebase amine from the reaction. I don't know if you've worked with amalgams before but they can also be a little... mercurial (pun intended) aside from the extreme toxicity of water-soluble mercury salts.
@@digipack You're right. My bad. Been a while since I took any chemistry classes lol. @Finlay Small Silver Shield gloves are recommended for working with organic mercury. Or at least were.
It would be very interesting to compare a reduction, performed 1. with Al/Hg and 2. Al/Ga. Maybe Al/Ga can be a nontoxic alternative for Al/Hg reductions. Or you can try the preparation of Sodium Mercury Amalgam or Zinc Mercury Amalgam. But it might perhaps be the best, just to let it in the bottle... Btw. Great Work!!
Things to do with organomercury chemistry.... There is something called the Wolffenstein-Böters reaction, that combines the joys of toxic mercury salts with the excitement of explosive picric acid? Then there are the antifungals and disinfectants that used to have mercury in them; like thiomersal (used to be in vaccines) or merbromin (aka mercurochrome). Oxymercuration is a staple of old-school organic chemistry. Would be nice to see the contrast between this predictable (markovnikov) hydration reaction vs acidic hydration where you tend to get cationic rearrangements. Can't really think of good illustrative substrates, tho...
I wasn't considered smart enough for chemistry so I had chem/phys which eucked because I had a teacher that was hired 3 days before the school year started and had never taught chemistry before. He tried his best but I hardly understand the subject yet here I am watching chemistry videos
LOL,it was me on sciencemadness who first came up with this method while others uded filtration of insoluble sulphate salths and other very commplicated methods!
Make Mercury I Chloride by reacting it with mercury metal, and then make a saturated calomel electrode to measure reduction potentials! :) I've always wanted to see one of those in action!
Maybe you could also try using CuCl2 instead of the mercury salt in the reaction. A few years ago I made some anhydrous CuCl2 and added to a test tube containing isopropanol and aluminium metal, I definitely could see a reaction going on after a few minutes, but I never tried in a larger scale or controlled conditions. Not sure if the yield would be good, but it would be interesting to find out...
I have no good knowledge of chemistry, and I sucked at it in high school, as I studied electronics and music instead. But these videos are really easy for anyone to follow, and it's very interesting to get some insight into this micro-reality. Thanks for your channel mate, Godbless.
Very impressive back when i was a chemist Mercury compounds were among those i treated with the most respect. Not just because of their ablity to kill you but because of how they do it. Also a 99% yeild very well done!
In pharmaceutical formulation, HgCl2 is used to ID test stannous chloride (SnCl2) before using it in a product. The reaction between these two salt solutions is a classic redox that precipitates elemental mercury: SnCl2 + HgCl2 --> SnCl4 + Hg
How did you handle the waste? Mercury has very interesting chemical properties, but I mostly staid away from it (mercury fulminate being the exception) because of the very dangerous mess it makes.
Wash the glasware several times with water (the salts are water-soluble after all), use acid if you need to be super sure. Then precipitate mercury as sulfide (HgS) using sodium sulfide. Let it sit for a long time to let all the solids settle. Decant the supernatant liquid and test for mercury with a test strip. If okay, pour down the drain. Dry the damp HgS outside (on sun) and collect the solids. You can use HgS to make elemental mercury to close the cycle. The glassware will be contaminated with trace amount of mercury, but this amount is of least concern as you ingest more mercury from car exhaustion and your tooth amalgam. If you need to remove ALL of it, let the glassware sit with a hot aqua regia. This will suck up the last bits up. As for the solid waste, it's better to send it to a hazardous waste processing facility. They will probably burn it in a special incinerator with a scrubber. The ashes will contain appreciable amount of mercury that can be extracted and reprocessed.
Syphyllis was, as far as I know, treated with HgCl (Mercury (I)-chloride), not with HgCl2. HgCl is almost insoluble into water and that makes a lot of difference. But do you know a reasonable explanation, why HgCl2 is not an ionic but a covalent compound, despite other Mercury (II) salts are ionic? kind regards!
According to ScienceMadness wiki, this approach is not recommended as the reaction produces toxic and corrosive nitrosyl chloride and it is hard to tell when the reaction is complete. Also good luck evaporating aqua regia! The fumes are really nasty by themselves. The above procedure may not be the quickest but from what I read it is one of the safest. Precipitating HgO from HgNO3 solution with NaOH followed by filtration and washing might be more convenient (less heating and guessing) but unfortunately produces more Hg waste.
Just did some poking around. In aqueous solution 2KI reacts with HgCl2 to form HgI2 and 2KCl. HgCl2 is insoluble so it crashes out. (That's my calculation so please double check that). Mercuric Iodide is interesting because it is Thermochromatic. At temperatures over 126 C it undergoes a "phase transition" from its red Alpha from to its yellow Beta form. The same kind of chemistry in mood rings. Also HgI2 is used in the preparation of Nessler's Reagent according to Wikipedia. This reagent is used to test for ammonia. Hope this helps
i don't know how chemists don't get tempted as illegal substances probably have the most research in synthesizing from easily obtainable things. sadly i have steroid resistant asthma and have read research on using a 5ht2 antagonist as a treatment and the most suited seems to be DOI in small doses. it might seem like a weird thing to use but it's allot better than high doses of prednisolone, so i'm learning chemistry.
As a PSA, mercuric chloride sublimates into the air at room temperature so it is considerably more hazardous than other salts such as mercuric nitrate. This is why it was once called corrosive sublimate.
I believe that this salt was used for treating syphilis topically (I do not believe it was meant to be taken internally). But here's something interesting: it was used to "denature" industrial alcohol during Prohibition -- to make it poisonous and really taste horrible. However, the bootleggers hired chemists to remove the compound from the alcohol (at least partially) and I may have read that amateur non-chemists tried filtering the stuff out using bread which may have improved the taste but I hate to think how bad it was for people who drank it. *Mind you, this was the government poisoning alcohol. Note too that even if no one actually drank the alcohol, it was probably pretty dangerous stuff to handle. And if it was used, for example, to clean surfaces, mercury chloride was probably left behind.*
If you want to make a /really/ dangerous mercury compound you could always do dimethylmercury. The warnings at the start of *that* video would probably be fun. Or, perhaps, not.
I think you can drop the step of heating in order to get HgO.... as far as I can remember the ion-seperation procedure (H2S-Group) you can just add HCl to the nitric acid solution and can let it boil while constantly adding HCl.... that way you get rid of all nitrates in the solution as they decompose as well. And btw: I did not feel uncomfortable when I worked with Hg-Salts....easy to handle. Yet I did not 'appreciate' elemental Hg!
in a similar predicament mercuric sulfate was produced in an electric cell using mercury cathode. the Mercury II sulfate byproduct is insoluble and is filtered. the electrolyte in the cell was sodium sulfate. sodium hydroxide is used to convert the Mercury sulfate to mercury oxide and then destructive distillation will be used to liberate oxygen and effects mercury. I haven't converted to the oxide yet but this path keeps the Mercury salts insol to water and doesn't use HNO3. also mercuric nitrate allegedly can substitute in place of mercuric chloride.
I see that mercury oxide to pale. Mercury oxide should be red, not pink. Maybe the mercuric nitrate was not decomposed totally. I recomend you to decompose that impure mercury chloride to oxide with NaOH, filter, wash and mix it with HCl again.
I know there are cheeky buggers out there finding it difficult to get hgcl2 for their clandestine needs . Mercurous chloride works as well but takes longer .if your a ghetto chemist and don't have proper glassware or a fume cupboard don't even think about doing this .
The true reaction between mercury and nitric acid generates colourles NO, not NO₂. You can see that from the video, where the red-brownish colour becomes visible just when the NO gas escapes from the flask and reacts with air. So the stoichioetric ratio to dissolve liquid mercury in HNO₃ is 3Hg + 8HNO₃, not 1 : 4.
Thanks for posting this. I got curious after watching Breaking Bad and researching P2P. I don't know if this goes for mercury salts, but I know some organomercury compounds can penetrate gloves and cause latent toxic effects many weeks later. Be careful.
They can. Look into Karen Wetterhahn. She spilt a few drops of dimethylmercury on her glove. It seeped through her glove and killed her. Dimethylmercury is extremely toxic.
@@rok2383 Dimethylmercury isn't a mercury salt. It's an organomercury compound. I think you misunderstood my post. I specifically said " know some organomercury compounds can penetrate gloves and cause latent toxic effects many weeks later" in reference to that very same case. I'm well familiar with it. But I appreciate the reference either way. It's always good when people actually give you useful information to look up when saying you're mistaken rather than just flat out saying "you're wrong" and expecting me to take their word for it or something. But yeah, that story about her was really sad. And scary. I've often considered what the worst way to die would be, as I'm sure many people have. And I think this would probably be one of them just because of how long and how painful it is. I've considered being burned to death and know from my own experiences that 2nd degree burns are one of the most painful injuries a person can sustain. 3rd and 4th degree burns don't usually hurt because the nerve endings are destroyed once the burn gets that deep. But with it being that deep, the damage is catastrophic and often won't heal on its own. At least with 3rd degree. I have no clue how they would even treat 4th degree burns where the bones and organs themselves are burned. It's gotta be devastating. Frankly I don't think I'd WANT to survive such an injury. And the same goes for radiation sickness. Much like burns, it's a very long, painful and drawn out death lasting weeks, or months. Ironically the more radiation you're exposed to if you do receive a lethal dose, the better because you die faster. Although even some of the highest recorded doses received, a lot of the victims still wound up living up to a week afterwards in incredible agony. I mean, radiation literally just tears your cells apart. And the burns you get from radiation exposure tend to actually be worse than anything fire or regular heat produces because the radiation can burn everything inside and out at the same time. Though if it's "just" a radiation burn, a lot of the damage is localized. But still catastrophic enough to require amputations and cause severe necrosis and other horrible things. Not to mention the risk of cancer if you DO survive. Then the treatment for that cancer, which means poisoning yourself half to death with drugs and even more radiation. Both of which will increase your risk of getting a different type of cancer. But at least you'll be alive? Although I'm not sure I'd still want to be after any one of those things. Never mind all of them. Heh sorry. I just realized this reply is kind of all over the place and rambling. But I just love all things medicine (or science) and especially toxicology for some reason. So, naturally if you get me talking about it, I can't help but go on and on. I just hope you found it interesting rather than offputting. I know a lot of people prefer not to read extremely long replies to UA-cam comments. But that's fine if that's the case. I still enjoyed writing it. =) Take care. And all the best!
Nile red: this is extremely dangerous. Don't make, touch, or go near it unless you know exactly what you're doing. Me, inept at chemistry: hehe looks like powdered sugar
Chemistry noob here, why do we first convert the mercury to the nitrate salt and then decompose into the oxide? Couldn't we just heat the elemental mercury? Of course the method in the video is safer, but you wouldn't have to use precious nitric acid
You forgot one use of Mercuric Chloride -- In electrochemistry this is "Calomel". The same material used for Calomel reference electrode or Saturated Calomel Electrode. :)
Actually it is more convienient to use a base to percipatate out the mercury(II)-oxide. Just put 50% NaOH into the mercury (II)-nitrate solution and nice red mercury (II)-oxide percipitates immediately.
Never heard someone sound so casual about a 99% yield before lol. Bravo sir!
Well, if the starting product and the final product are horribly toxic, you sort of wonder where that percent got to ;-)
+Guodlca What videos was that?
In my undergraduate chemistry such a high yield always made my suspicious about contamination
Inorganic synthesis often have very high yield, while organic synthesis are not necessary high as side reactions occurs.
Mmlol
The acrolein must've been *really* nasty to make you say "You know what? I'd rather handle water-soluble mercury."
Hobo Sullivan at least it isn’t fat soluble
@@michaelc.4321 True. Lest we forget Dr. Karen Wetterhahn and the horrors of dimethylmercury.
Hand soluble
While bad, I'd consider fat soluble mercury compounds like methylmercury worse. They can go through gloves, go through your skin more easily, and can go directly through the blood-brain barrier.
Well metallic mercury isn't as toxic at least
“Odorless”
“Colorless”
“Extremely toxic”
Was it never just used as a poison?
nope. to lethal and leave toxicity much more than cyanide
Yoga Raihan isn’t being lethal good for a poison
@@jafeel4222 i mean, it leave residue everywhere . and easy to detect whos the suspect maybe
too toxic for the people using it
it takes very long like 5 months to kill someone
3:54
"We just have to do a bit of chemistry..."
What was going on before?!
Judging by the Rule of Yellow, Alchemy!
applied physics
Magic
High Risk Baking.
Table Tennis
Mercuric chloride was used for corpe preservation in the early 1900's. It would be interesting to see what it would do to a piece of meat.
*corpse
Yeah, I imagine the smell wouldn't be too pleasant and I wonder what of any types of gases it would give off.
Oooh I'd love to see it used to prepare wet specimens
I have a bottle of the tablets from a old funeral home
i kind of assume it doesnt do much at all to the meat and just makes it so toxic that nothing can rot it
@@dylanlester6728 I bet the hardest part was getting the corpses to swallow the tablets................
"No dude, it's salt!"
"Thats what I said, mercuric chloride."
Jimmy Neutron!
"Yeah, Trump, put it on your meal and it'll be nice and tasty."
@@NuisanceMan
Why do you have to ruin a perfectly fine comment chain with your stupid political views? Seriously, dude?
Umm table salt is sodium chloride.... this salt will kill you
@@HeroOfTheDay16 Why is big mercury trying to interfere with my eating WAYS?
Do you get periodic (pun intended) blood tests to make sure you're not getting any of this stuff in your system?
There is an episode of the show called "Hamilton's Pharmacopeia" where he talks to an alleged clandestine MDMA manufacturer. It shows the process and everything, and in one part the chemist claims that he does get tested for mercury since the Mercury salt is used to make the aluminum amalgam to reduce (in this case) MDP2P or Methylenedioxyphenylacetone to the desired MDMA. It's just like in "Breaking Bad" except there they were reducing P2P or Phenylacetone to Methamphetamine.
@@schneir5 "I have arsenic poisoning though. Don't know where that came from, huehue"
- same guy
Reading the first part of your comment I thought you were asking him to test period blood and I was absolutely disgusted lol
@@LannasMissingLink
There's NOTHING disgusting about a thick mucus/blood/unfertilised ova mixture, litchrally nothing
@@LannasMissingLink Stop you're making me hungry
Nile putting a warning message at the start of the video
Me who doesn't understand 70% of the things he does: ok
wtf
@Buford Guy ?
"It's extremely toxic and dangerous, please don't do this at home" "Now im gonna give you a step by step method of how to make your own at home.
XD
I mean it doesn't give u every measurements and also its hard to get these without an actual license to buy dangerous chemicals and he does it so we don't do it and equipment is probably expensive af
@@divaqueen3369 it was just a joke
@@kennycubensis8152 i know im clearing it for others 🙃
@@kennycubensis8152 ydk what type of psychos might think of 🤷🏻♀️🤷🏻♀️
I made a Twitter account! twitter.com/NileRed2
What is up niggga
could you please tell us how to make amphetamine
+lol olo you are no body
Yo, not that I want to do drugs, but can you tell me how to make methamphetamine, crack cocaine, and harvest shrooms XD
LimitlessDeadline Okay, np. New video coming. Should be up in 5 mins and it will cover every drug ever made
I like my mercury like I like my Overwatch, with plenty of toxicity and salt.
*bedwars
*roblox
@@africkingupsidedownmountai7362 Yes
*CoD
*The internet in general, honestly
Whenever you have nitrogen dioxide gas being produced, pass it through water to get some nitric acid back. That might reduce the cost of videos that need nitric acid.
I imagine the apparatus for capturing the gas would probably affect the video by restricting the experiment with extra equipment..
A 4 liter bottle is 39 dollars
@@bigredinfinity3126 the cost depends on the purity. An 1l bottle of ultrapure acid costs more than $500.
@@BlackSakura33 Fair point, but just passing NO2 through water won't give you "ultrapure" nitric acid.
@@bigredinfinity3126 In europe sale of nitric acid is restricted though, so it might not be a bad idea to just recycle it.
One thing you can do with the stuff is dip copper objects in it to give it a silvery color instead (because it turns the surface into a copper amalgam). Make sure to clean off every trace of corrosion from the copper so it's just plain copper metal though. But it sounds weird to have a mercury plating solution, but unlike solid metals, you are guaranteed to have a smooth surface, it will not electrodeposit in a spongy finely divided surface.
Another thing you can do is react it with phenyl-2-propanone, methylamine (or nitromethane) and aluminum metal to yield crystal meth! Alternatively, you could react the 3,4,-methylenedioxy- substituent of phenyl-2-propanone in place of the phenyl-2-propanone to yield MDMA (ecstasy, molly). Really useful stuff!
@@achilleslade3771 couldnt you just react the phenyl-2-propanone with methyl amine and follow with sodium cyanoborohydride? Or phenyl 2 propanone with methyl amine and then react with sodium borohydride and follow with acetic acid, since no other other ketones are present? Seems cheaper, and less toxic to me than using mercury salts.
@@louiesatterwhite3885 Absolutely. There are lots of reducing agents that are viable for use in the reaction, NaBH4 and NaBH3CN included. I was just giving an example of the potential use of mercuric chloride, it is by no means the most efficient or cheapest reagent. One thing that does make it stand out is the relatively small quantities necessary for the reduction (generally in the order of milligrams for 100+ grams of end product) and the dual purpose of destroying the amalgam with base, which also liberates the freebase amine from the reaction. I don't know if you've worked with amalgams before but they can also be a little... mercurial (pun intended) aside from the extreme toxicity of water-soluble mercury salts.
I do not understand anything but this seems like a breaking bad problem
Great video as always! I love seeing people doing chemistry. Thanks for the great videos!
Thanks!
This salt tasted absolutely awful on my eggs
"I don't usually start my videos with a warning"
The times they are a-changing
You weren't wrong.
Those Nitrile gloves Are NOT suitable for mercury salts. You need 45 cm arm protection minimum
Yup. Organic mercury will go right through them, and into your skin where it will absorb into your brain. Respect that stuff man, it's bad juju.
@@narcoleptic8982 what glove material do you suggest if standard nitrile is insufficient?
@@narcoleptic8982 Mercury nitrate/mercuric chloride are inorganic chemicals though?
@@digipack You're right. My bad. Been a while since I took any chemistry classes lol.
@Finlay Small Silver Shield gloves are recommended for working with organic mercury. Or at least were.
@@narcoleptic8982 That dimethylmercury'll get ya.
"we just have to do a bit of chemistry" cracked me up :D
Ikr like what was he doing till then? Magic? Hahaha
@@juicebox6637 duh
@@juicebox6637 alchemy?
It would be very interesting to compare a reduction, performed 1. with Al/Hg and 2. Al/Ga.
Maybe Al/Ga can be a nontoxic alternative for Al/Hg reductions.
Or you can try the preparation of Sodium Mercury Amalgam or Zinc Mercury Amalgam.
But it might perhaps be the best, just to let it in the bottle...
Btw. Great Work!!
Things to do with organomercury chemistry.... There is something called the Wolffenstein-Böters reaction, that combines the joys of toxic mercury salts with the excitement of explosive picric acid? Then there are the antifungals and disinfectants that used to have mercury in them; like thiomersal (used to be in vaccines) or merbromin (aka mercurochrome). Oxymercuration is a staple of old-school organic chemistry. Would be nice to see the contrast between this predictable (markovnikov) hydration reaction vs acidic hydration where you tend to get cationic rearrangements. Can't really think of good illustrative substrates, tho...
"Used to be used in vaccines" no... STILL ARE USED in vaccines.
Andrew Delashaw Not in the EU I think ;)
+mmmhorsesteaks Oh well, we still do... pretty stupid, huh.
The consensus seems to be that it's probably fine. On the other hand, I can't imagine there not being more anodyne alternatives these days...
Oh, totally. Interesting organic chemistry here 🧪🧪🧪
I wasn't considered smart enough for chemistry so I had chem/phys which eucked because I had a teacher that was hired 3 days before the school year started and had never taught chemistry before. He tried his best but I hardly understand the subject yet here I am watching chemistry videos
LOL,it was me on sciencemadness who first came up with this method while others uded filtration of insoluble sulphate salths and other very commplicated methods!
+Marin F. Oh really?
Yeah,check it my name was back then "mfilip62" on the forum,I was very young back then!
*_-salths-_*
Should I believe someone who makes 3 mistakes in a single sentence? Errr, no.
@@absinthe7266 don't do bath salths kids
This is why I am happy there are people like you doing videos like this. So I don't.
you'll end up in a chubbyemu video if you keep messing with mercury salts :P
Bruh
Ahhh the " A tiktoker played around with mercury chloride for views, here's what happened to his dingaling"🙄🙄🙄😆
A Chemistry UA-camr Made 2 Milliliters Mercuric Chloride, This is How he Went Comatose.
@@RamiSlicerJust don't eat it, lol.
1:15
Me not knowing a thing about Chemistry: “well you GOTTA have the mercuric chloride for the aluminum isopropoxide.”
Make Mercury I Chloride by reacting it with mercury metal, and then make a saturated calomel electrode to measure reduction potentials! :) I've always wanted to see one of those in action!
Maybe you could also try using CuCl2 instead of the mercury salt in the reaction. A few years ago I made some anhydrous CuCl2 and added to a test tube containing isopropanol and aluminium metal, I definitely could see a reaction going on after a few minutes, but I never tried in a larger scale or controlled conditions. Not sure if the yield would be good, but it would be interesting to find out...
“mercury salts is not something to play with”
proceeds to play with it
I've always wanted to learn about chemistry. Many thanks. Keep safe.
I have no good knowledge of chemistry, and I sucked at it in high school, as I studied electronics and music instead.
But these videos are really easy for anyone to follow, and it's very interesting to get some insight into this micro-reality.
Thanks for your channel mate, Godbless.
Hey nile, have you ever considered synthesizing cubane?
wouldn't it be easier to react the nitrate with NaOH to precipitate HgO?
Yes, I'd do that too. But you'll get some loss of product due to slight solubility of mercury II oxide in water
Great channel! Keep up the good job!
6:30 Nice pink Himalayan salt
+NileRed Just for curiosity, how do clean safely mercury salts out of your equipment and dispose of them?
Simple, throw it to garbage bin
@@lkthomashk don't actually, though
Very impressive back when i was a chemist Mercury compounds were among those i treated with the most respect. Not just because of their ablity to kill you but because of how they do it. Also a 99% yeild very well done!
Will you do a birch reduction in a two-liter bottle?
"a very toxic mercury salt"
oh hell yeah
Mother in law : Son salt please Me:....... It's a bit red my dear
This is dark
Do a pinacol coupling reaction which uses Mg and HgCl2 as catalysts. It's a really cool reaction since it is a free radical process.
I like inorganic mercury salts. They're so tasty.
Me too! I couldn't find any people that liked inorganic mercury salts, i find uranium salts pretty tasty too
@@wborworse Yummy.
@@wborworse some sodium with water is a great fizzy drink
In pharmaceutical formulation, HgCl2 is used to ID test stannous chloride (SnCl2) before using it in a product. The reaction between these two salt solutions is a classic redox that precipitates elemental mercury:
SnCl2 + HgCl2 --> SnCl4 + Hg
How did you handle the waste? Mercury has very interesting chemical properties, but I mostly staid away from it (mercury fulminate being the exception) because of the very dangerous mess it makes.
Wash the glasware several times with water (the salts are water-soluble after all), use acid if you need to be super sure. Then precipitate mercury as sulfide (HgS) using sodium sulfide. Let it sit for a long time to let all the solids settle. Decant the supernatant liquid and test for mercury with a test strip. If okay, pour down the drain. Dry the damp HgS outside (on sun) and collect the solids. You can use HgS to make elemental mercury to close the cycle.
The glassware will be contaminated with trace amount of mercury, but this amount is of least concern as you ingest more mercury from car exhaustion and your tooth amalgam. If you need to remove ALL of it, let the glassware sit with a hot aqua regia. This will suck up the last bits up.
As for the solid waste, it's better to send it to a hazardous waste processing facility. They will probably burn it in a special incinerator with a scrubber. The ashes will contain appreciable amount of mercury that can be extracted and reprocessed.
Absolutely fantastic channel. So glad I found this. Instant subscribe.
I'll stick to buying my aluminum isopropoxide, thanks
Syphyllis was, as far as I know, treated with HgCl (Mercury (I)-chloride), not with HgCl2. HgCl is almost insoluble into water and that makes a lot of difference.
But do you know a reasonable explanation, why HgCl2 is not an ionic but a covalent compound, despite other Mercury (II) salts are ionic?
kind regards!
Coat a firework with the 1, octen 3, ol and blow it up with the mosquitos on it.
NO3- that'd be cool
NO3- what? what’d happen?
A defined temperature can also be achieved with a Silcon heating bath.
Am I the only one who is amazed as to why he did not dissolve the Hg in aqua regia? Would directly yield HgCl2
According to ScienceMadness wiki, this approach is not recommended as the reaction produces toxic and corrosive nitrosyl chloride and it is hard to tell when the reaction is complete.
Also good luck evaporating aqua regia! The fumes are really nasty by themselves. The above procedure may not be the quickest but from what I read it is one of the safest.
Precipitating HgO from HgNO3 solution with NaOH followed by filtration and washing might be more convenient (less heating and guessing) but unfortunately produces more Hg waste.
Are the gloves you are wearing sufficient for handling these chemicals?
looked like wet scrambled eggs but what did it taste like ?
it tasted like death.
lol
Awsomiihill sweet release?
Why not use plain mercury or gallium for the aluminum isopropoxide?
my mother is a brownie
Just did some poking around. In aqueous solution 2KI reacts with HgCl2 to form HgI2 and 2KCl. HgCl2 is insoluble so it crashes out. (That's my calculation so please double check that). Mercuric Iodide is interesting because it is Thermochromatic. At temperatures over 126 C it undergoes a "phase transition" from its red Alpha from to its yellow Beta form. The same kind of chemistry in mood rings. Also HgI2 is used in the preparation of Nessler's Reagent according to Wikipedia. This reagent is used to test for ammonia. Hope this helps
How can you let something get to 400 Degrees "acidentally" 😂
"Used to treat syphilis."
Well, TECHNICALLY . . .
Make fulminated mercury 🙏🏽🙏🏽🙏🏽
He already did but the video was deleted because that’s a terrible idea
You can use the Mercuric Chloride with Potassium Iodine to make Nessler’s reagent (for ammonia tests).
Make MDMA
That totally won't be abused
shut up the both of you not worthy of the nile
Galinstan is better than mercury!
Good way to get a youtube strike
i don't know how chemists don't get tempted as illegal substances probably have the most research in synthesizing from easily obtainable things. sadly i have steroid resistant asthma and have read research on using a 5ht2 antagonist as a treatment and the most suited seems to be DOI in small doses. it might seem like a weird thing to use but it's allot better than high doses of prednisolone, so i'm learning chemistry.
Piece of trivia: mecuric chloride is a key plot element of the 1989 CD-ROM game "case of the cautious condor".
As a PSA, mercuric chloride sublimates into the air at room temperature so it is considerably more hazardous than other salts such as mercuric nitrate. This is why it was once called corrosive sublimate.
Mercuric nitrate also sublimates badly
This guy is the science teacher i really want
Hey Nile can you please try to make liquid chlorine and show some experiments with it, like throwing a piece of sodium in it. Keep up the good work!
I believe that this salt was used for treating syphilis topically (I do not believe it was meant to be taken internally). But here's something interesting: it was used to "denature" industrial alcohol during Prohibition -- to make it poisonous and really taste horrible. However, the bootleggers hired chemists to remove the compound from the alcohol (at least partially) and I may have read that amateur non-chemists tried filtering the stuff out using bread which may have improved the taste but I hate to think how bad it was for people who drank it.
*Mind you, this was the government poisoning alcohol. Note too that even if no one actually drank the alcohol, it was probably pretty dangerous stuff to handle. And if it was used, for example, to clean surfaces, mercury chloride was probably left behind.*
If you want to make a /really/ dangerous mercury compound you could always do dimethylmercury. The warnings at the start of *that* video would probably be fun.
Or, perhaps, not.
I think you can drop the step of heating in order to get HgO.... as far as I can remember the ion-seperation procedure (H2S-Group) you can just add HCl to the nitric acid solution and can let it boil while constantly adding HCl.... that way you get rid of all nitrates in the solution as they decompose as well. And btw: I did not feel uncomfortable when I worked with Hg-Salts....easy to handle. Yet I did not 'appreciate' elemental Hg!
Great job, you stunned us as usual👏👏
in a similar predicament mercuric sulfate was produced in an electric cell using mercury cathode. the Mercury II sulfate byproduct is insoluble and is filtered. the electrolyte in the cell was sodium sulfate. sodium hydroxide is used to convert the Mercury sulfate to mercury oxide and then destructive distillation will be used to liberate oxygen and effects mercury. I haven't converted to the oxide yet but this path keeps the Mercury salts insol to water and doesn't use HNO3. also mercuric nitrate allegedly can substitute in place of mercuric chloride.
I see that mercury oxide to pale. Mercury oxide should be red, not pink. Maybe the mercuric nitrate was not decomposed totally. I recomend you to decompose that impure mercury chloride to oxide with NaOH, filter, wash and mix it with HCl again.
WARNING: THIS IS EXTREMELY TOXIC AND SMALL AMOUNTS CAN EASILY KILL. PLEASE DO NOT MAKE THIS.
I see you still do not understand teenagers on tiktok...
Reductive amination with aluminum amalgam
I know there are cheeky buggers out there finding it difficult to get hgcl2 for their clandestine needs . Mercurous chloride works as well but takes longer .if your a ghetto chemist and don't have proper glassware or a fume cupboard don't even think about doing this .
7:01
>Creates noticeable amounts of steam even when dumped in as small amounts at a time
>"It probably could've just been dumped in all at once"
you could higher the Boiling temperature by adding salt I know it's not much but i found it to be very usefull.
The true reaction between mercury and nitric acid generates colourles NO, not NO₂. You can see that from the video, where the red-brownish colour becomes visible just when the NO gas escapes from the flask and reacts with air. So the stoichioetric ratio to dissolve liquid mercury in HNO₃ is 3Hg + 8HNO₃, not 1 : 4.
Go get a specific VD! I’d like to see how this treats it!
Thanks for posting this. I got curious after watching Breaking Bad and researching P2P. I don't know if this goes for mercury salts, but I know some organomercury compounds can penetrate gloves and cause latent toxic effects many weeks later. Be careful.
They can. Look into Karen Wetterhahn. She spilt a few drops of dimethylmercury on her glove. It seeped through her glove and killed her. Dimethylmercury is extremely toxic.
@@rok2383 Dimethylmercury isn't a mercury salt. It's an organomercury compound. I think you misunderstood my post. I specifically said " know some organomercury compounds can penetrate gloves and cause latent toxic effects many weeks later" in reference to that very same case. I'm well familiar with it. But I appreciate the reference either way. It's always good when people actually give you useful information to look up when saying you're mistaken rather than just flat out saying "you're wrong" and expecting me to take their word for it or something.
But yeah, that story about her was really sad. And scary. I've often considered what the worst way to die would be, as I'm sure many people have. And I think this would probably be one of them just because of how long and how painful it is. I've considered being burned to death and know from my own experiences that 2nd degree burns are one of the most painful injuries a person can sustain. 3rd and 4th degree burns don't usually hurt because the nerve endings are destroyed once the burn gets that deep. But with it being that deep, the damage is catastrophic and often won't heal on its own. At least with 3rd degree. I have no clue how they would even treat 4th degree burns where the bones and organs themselves are burned. It's gotta be devastating. Frankly I don't think I'd WANT to survive such an injury.
And the same goes for radiation sickness. Much like burns, it's a very long, painful and drawn out death lasting weeks, or months. Ironically the more radiation you're exposed to if you do receive a lethal dose, the better because you die faster. Although even some of the highest recorded doses received, a lot of the victims still wound up living up to a week afterwards in incredible agony. I mean, radiation literally just tears your cells apart. And the burns you get from radiation exposure tend to actually be worse than anything fire or regular heat produces because the radiation can burn everything inside and out at the same time.
Though if it's "just" a radiation burn, a lot of the damage is localized. But still catastrophic enough to require amputations and cause severe necrosis and other horrible things. Not to mention the risk of cancer if you DO survive. Then the treatment for that cancer, which means poisoning yourself half to death with drugs and even more radiation. Both of which will increase your risk of getting a different type of cancer. But at least you'll be alive? Although I'm not sure I'd still want to be after any one of those things. Never mind all of them.
Heh sorry. I just realized this reply is kind of all over the place and rambling. But I just love all things medicine (or science) and especially toxicology for some reason. So, naturally if you get me talking about it, I can't help but go on and on. I just hope you found it interesting rather than offputting. I know a lot of people prefer not to read extremely long replies to UA-cam comments. But that's fine if that's the case. I still enjoyed writing it. =)
Take care. And all the best!
It is dangerous yet is still made every week in our faculty of pharmacy.. aucune idée pourquoi
You can do amalgamations of various metals (aluminium, magnesium etc) with mercuric chloride I think.
Rob Newland I heard that in an outdated lecture. They didn't mention it was dangerous :v
Rob Newland of course why would we else need this video, and the ether video, and the sulphuric acid video, just need me some p2np and we’ll be set
Anybody wanna slip a "few millilitres of the solution" into my drink?
Nilered: puts warning at beginning of video
Me, who knows nothing about chemistry: well well well I guess we shouldnt do this today
Hg waste solid
Put in Hg still.
Hg distills over.
Paper decomposes to C, H20, etc
Nice video as always!
Nile red: this is extremely dangerous. Don't make, touch, or go near it unless you know exactly what you're doing.
Me, inept at chemistry: hehe looks like powdered sugar
6:22 forbidden cheeto dust
I was thinking on use mercury salt for an experiment. Thanks for the warning, now I´m gonna look for something else to do :,)
Nile: Mercury salts can KILL you
Me: ooo yum yum yum yum yum!
Chemistry noob here, why do we first convert the mercury to the nitrate salt and then decompose into the oxide? Couldn't we just heat the elemental mercury? Of course the method in the video is safer, but you wouldn't have to use precious nitric acid
Ah yes Mercuric Chloride the forbidden seasoning.
@Nilered any chance you can do a video about yourself and your academic background in chemistry?
? He was a graduate student (Masters) in chemistry but he quit to focus on UA-cam
Maybe making Mercury-II-Bromide vom the chloride and Testing for Asenic.
Nice Grettings from Germany
*from
🇩🇪
You forgot one use of Mercuric Chloride -- In electrochemistry this is "Calomel". The same material used for Calomel reference electrode or Saturated Calomel Electrode. :)
"We just have to do a bit of chemistry"
Well I see no reason for further explanation, sweet
Me: *shooting mercury salt at people*
Me: New G O N
I have no idea what's going on but I love
How much mercury metal do you have? :D I was shocked by the amount you used for preparing the pharaos serpent :)
BTW I love your videos!
I'm happy to know that video is 4 years ago...
you could Show the Wacker oxidation reaction to a propan and use reductive animation with Al/Hg(II) chloride
Actually it is more convienient to use a base to percipatate out the mercury(II)-oxide. Just put 50% NaOH into the mercury (II)-nitrate solution and nice red mercury (II)-oxide percipitates immediately.
You should make organic mercury next
great video! since i have been watching your videos i have been very interested in chemistry! thanks