Stepper Motors with Arduino - Controlling Bipolar & Unipolar stepper motors
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- Опубліковано 28 тра 2024
- Learn how to use stepper motors with the Arduino.
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Today we will be working with stepper motors, a versatile yet often misunderstood electromechanical component used in a variety of devices.
After examining how stepper motors work and what the difference is between a “Bipolar” and “Unipolar” stepper is I will show you how three methods of controlling a stepper motor with an Arduino:
1 - A common 28YBJ-48 Unipolar Stepper with a ULN2003 driver board. These inexpensive stepper and driver combinations are very common and are available on eBay, Amazon, and probably in your local electronics store. I’ll show you two different ways to use these with two different Arduino libraries.
2 - A NEMA 17 Bipolar stepper motor with an L298N dual H-Bridge driver board. We’ve used the L298N driver board in another video to control a pair of brushed DC motors but it also makes a good driver for a bipolar stepper motor.
3 - The same NEMA 17 Bipolar stepper motor controlled by an A4988 stepper driver. This common driver board is used in many 3D printers and CNC machines and simplifies the control of one or several stepper motors with an Arduino.
I’ll also discuss concepts like microstepping and I will show you how to understand some of the many parameters that are included on stepper motor specification sheets.
If you’d like to jump ahead to a particular section in the video here is the table of contents:
00:00 - Introduction
01:34 - Stepper Motor Theory
04:21 - Bipolar vs Unipolar Steppers
08:18 - Common Stepper Specifications
11:32 - NEMA motor sizes
13:41 - 28YBJ-48 Unipolar Stepper with ULN2003
28:16 - NEMA 17 Bipolar with L298N
36:41 - NEMA 17 Bipolar with A4988
As always you can get all of the code I use in this video by visiting the DroneBot Workshop website and looking at the article at dbot.ws/stepper. You’ll find code listings and hookup diagrams and well as a convenient ZIP file containing all of the Arduino sketches.
Hopefully, this video will inspire you to start using stepper motors in your own designs.
Now let's get stepping! - Навчання та стиль
I gotta say. I"ve checked out some of your other videos, along with this one, and i gotta say... Outstanding. I"m 60 years old, retired long haul truck driver, disabled. I needed something to keep my mind right and a friend suggested that I get back in to some sort of electronics (as I build and rebuild Speakers, hobby and the price of a good speaker was out of this world, so I make'm. Diving into the world of micro-board computing and processing, has been an awesome adventure for me. You are never to old to do something new and create wonder in ones life. It's these kinds of instructional that make it... Not Easy... Fun and keeps the mind going... Thank You Sir... I'm not sure if you really grasp the gravity of how you help people, but this old dude... Pain is now a background thing. I now use no Pain Meds, I use a sleep aid but that's it... The Mind is a terrible thing to waste... Learning will do things for the body you have no idea... Thank you... I guess one could say... Arduino, R-Pi and learning this world with vigor, is my pain med.... Thank You Sir... Peace...
You're not that old Charley. 60 is just a whisker past middle age, so still a puppy in your prime. Congrats for keeping the grey cells firing! You might want to look into 3d Printing. Its all circuit boards and stepper motors and really gets the creative juices flowing. Its led me down the path of learning CAD software and its really cool once you get over the initial learning curve. Good luck buddy!
MAte 'create wonder' so true.
@@jackdeniston9326 Hey Charley. I'm about the same here. 61, disabled, and enjoy filling my time working on various DIY projects. I did have three years of electronics in high school, but didn't pursue a technical school degree, or try to work in the field. I went straight to work doing construction until my body finally gave up. I had forgotten how fascinating I found electronics to be. I am just so thankful for all the people who are willing to get on the web and share their knowledge, it makes it much easier to learn all over again.
You can teach an old dog new tricks
Dude... I have to say it... I love you man... I have so much respect for people who keep learning and never give in to the "oh I can't do that" thoughts
I feel guilty to watch this amazing lecture for free. This tutorial video's quality is on point.
I was thinking the same thing. If this was the quality of the instruction that I got from college then I wouldn't have been upset paying $106,000 for it.
you shouldnt, the ISS was funded on the basis of science for the sake of science for all the countries that participated, knowledge has no price, but immeasurable value
He gets paid from the ads....
nather
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Not only lucid and expert but expertly produced-no important physical details obscured by titles, no music (thank god),excellent lighting; I think this is the most complete and excellent information vid.I've watched
4:40 stepper motor operation
5:50 coil winding (pos, neg, center tap)
8:19 stepper motor specs
15:00 first experiment (unipolar stepper motor)
16:30 first experiment arduino code
28:18 2nd exp (bipolar stepper motor)
Stepper operation
L
mvp
Merci
7:59 stomache wants something to digest (headphones required)
Dear Sir, I am impressed about the amount of work you put into this. The clarity of your explanation, the finish on your "slide deck", the patience with which you explain and demo things, and the proper code you use. Again, impressed !
Very professionally done! Love the voice clarity and pace of your videos and the support material, links, etc. Kudos to how clean and organized your shop is! You give me inspiration to up my game, thanks for all the work you put into these videos.
I'm learning about electronics for the first time and your videos are honestly one of the most detailed and well explained out there. Thank you so much for taking the time and effort to make such clear and easy to follow videos.
I send my salutations and appreciation along the line of Mr. Charley Edwards. I'm also retired, 67, spent my life in biological/biotech research and international research management. Now, retired, searching for a past-time offering great mental activity. I've tried advanced math, astronomy, and - now - electronics. Thus, stumbled onto your videos and am absolutely delighted to learn from you. Your presentation, though often using acronyms or abbrev's unknown to me, is reassuring and comprehensive. Your approach to such a complex topic as electronics (to the novice) is well structured and fun to attempt to apply principles revealed and suggested. I am avidly digging through your past presentations in order to learn about setting up and controlling stepper motors in order to control telescope mounts via a hand-held remote. So far? Not so good, have ordered more materials to attempt it again and review your coverage of specific aspects of stepper function and arduino-based control. Fingers crossed, I'm trying to move forward but for a total novice in the field, it's sadly missing something. So glad you're here and presenting as you do. One last thing: I am SO envious of your accumulation of gear and parts and their organization is a great model to follow. Keep up the great programming!
I totally agree with you! What a wonderful guy giving us this knowledge for free. And what a workshop to imitate (impossible in my case once I work traveling).
You are the best teacher ever! Step by step, in logical progression. With a companion website. Please continue to make these Fantastic videos!
you're absolutely amazing! you make sure we've understood each and every part properly with concepts! by far the best youtube teacher for practical approach ever!
THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU. Of all the stepper motor tutorials out there, this is by FAR the best. You have an excellent way of relaying your knowledge and enthusiasm to this community. You are truly a master.
I don't think anyone has ever done a video on this topic with more details than this one. Well done.
You're one of the best of teachers I know. Amazing presentation, superbly laid out, and wow, a super organized lab. Would love to spend all day in one of those really. I just started with the Arduino, and have to say, it's been a topsy-turvy but fun ride. And none of the other assistance I got from the internet has come close to the way you have put it out here. You deserve a medal for your effort. And a donation link to show our gratitude for these amazing classes. :D
There’s a donation button now under the video!
Excellent video! The incredible amount of work you put into your videos make complicated topics easy to understand. Thanks again and PLEASE keep going.
Definitely among the very best places on the internet to learn about sophisticated hobby electronics. You are a fantastic teacher, and it makes me happy to see how many people have found you on line and follow your videos.
Seriously, thanks for clarifying a lot of stuff, I'm currently just anxiously trying to get into the whole stepper motor part of electronics, I did some some years ago, but I've forgotten a lot of it. Having some prior knowledge, I (at first) found the tempo of your video a little slow, but it started making sense and all of a sudden I'm informed of what kind of motor and which driver I need for my project.
From the deepest of my heart, thank you for making infomation-cramped videos and making it comprehensible.
For those that just zoom past this, give it a few minutes, maybe scroll a little through the video. There really is a lot of good knowledge in here.
Another excellent tutorial!!!! This must be by far the best tutorials on the net. Thank you very much for sharing!!! Greetings from Ireland
And thank you very much for the wonderful comment. Greetings back from Canada!
DroneBot Workshop keep them coming mate!!! Pure information without the drama. I like that you explaining the code, something others are not doing, try just trow: code in the description and that's it. Well done
That's very kind of you to say, thank you Hristo. Greetings back from Canada!
It's nice tutorials and easy understand
One of the very best tutorials. Absolutely loved it!! Thank you very much.
Sir ! like I said you are a true example of an academic researcher, instructor, and well organized information giver .
and you can tell what question a learner can ask.
outstanding explanation of steppers
and an still amazed by how you did all that
I am an retired industrial controls tech that spent the last 33 years of my career with a very well known large company. Almost everything we did used expensive PLC's and robotic servos. Industrial servos used in industrial robotics are very expensive brushless motors with encoder feedback. (imagine paying $4,000 just to have a brake disc replaced in a robot servo!) Now that I am 69 years old and retired I am just trying to keep my mind sharp by playing around with Arduinos and other small controllers. You are a great teacher and your tutorials are very helpful, please keep up the good work.
Thanks a lot for your tutorials! Especially for the pages of your website : it's more accessible to people whose native language is not English 😉
Thank you for the comment and I'm glad that you are finding the website useful. Eventually I would love to translate the website and the video transcripts into other languages to make it more useful to my non-English speaking friends.
DroneBot Workshop : if you speak French, why not? 😉
Bless you and THANK YOU! for explaining it so well. You actually made my first robotics project possible! Believe me, I have looked at a dozen videos about this and yours is the best. Very understandable! I have subscribed. All good wishes.
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There is a big difference between people that know there stuff and others that can explain it to others that don’t.
A good teacher can explain things to those that are confused or ignorant in such a way that they become educated and enlightened.
You have it all. You make people like me wish I had meet more like you to help me understand. Thanks for your style and knowledge.
Extremely well done! Very Clear concepts and perfect project implementations in your demonstrations!
Your video is perfect! One of the rare ones I have seen so far! Video, Audio, explanations everything! THANK YOU!
Excellent work, this will be my first Arduino project driving a stepper motor, you have made it very understandable, thank you for your time and effort.
I appreciate the work you put into this tutorial. I know it's a lot of work. Thank you.
Thanks for the dedication and for the kindness of being aware of all the details, these videos take a lot of time and are cumbersome but you do it with a lot of passion and good style. Greetings to all your followers.
Sir, I love you. I used to hate programming and anything that had to do with electronics, and now I love it. Thanks, great service to the community.
Many thanks for your tutorials. I've have used Arduino, ESP8266, and ESP-32, ESP-32 Cam and Raspberry Pi modules for several years now, but I find your turorials to be excellent: detailed enough for the beginner, but sufficiently paced so that an expereinced viewer like me does not get bored. One minor point in this one: the units of torque are force-length, ie ounce-inches, not ounces per inch.
One small point. At 46:40 you should tell folks to turn the A4988 pot fully ANTICLOCKWISE to set the current to zero BEFORE connecting power, then wind it clockwise to increase. If by chance the pot was fully clockwise then there is a risk of magic smoke from the coils. Suggest you just overlay a comment onto the video. Apart from that, I followed your instructions and all works well, thanks.
That's an excellent point, no one wants to see "magic smoke". Thanks for bringing it up, much appreciated.
I'm just getting into stepper motors for a CNC hot wire foam cutter. Your video is just what I needed to understand some of the basics. It is outstanding. Thank you so much
I have just completed the first exercise with lights flashing and the shaft turning as required. It has taken a long time to get here but I have finally managed to do something I have wanted to do for a very long time. I hope you can take some personal satisfaction for helping a complete stranger in another country create a basic platform to build on. You do not have to do this but I am so glad you continue to make outstanding videos with patient and complete explanations and software to copy. My ultimate objective is to use what you are teaching me to include some interesting additional activity in the clocks I build and also to drive a small CNC lathe that I converted some time ago but lacked the software expertise to make use of it. Thank you.
Robert Webb
Brisbane
Australia
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Nice 👍🏿........" I'll take u through it one step at a time" lol 👏🏿
Great stuff, I'm literally two weeks old into learning about the Arduino and electronics in general and this was so helpful. Thank you! What I'm trying to do is to use a NEMA 17 Bipolar stepper with A4988 and a rotary potentiometer to control speed and a button to be able and reverse direction. If you have any advice on how I can go from what you describe here: ( NEMA 17 Bipolar with A4988 - 36:41 ), to what I need i would greatly appreciate that. I'd like to compare the sketch and wiring from what I need to what you show here to get a better understanding of how I go from one to the other.
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Thanks for your very detailed explanations and demos. I got my unipolar to move exactly the way I wanted by applying your info to my kit! I'm a total newb, but achieved my goal of looping to rotate 2x CW and 1x CCW; there are a lot of videos out there that say they are "tutorial" but what you end up seeing is a demo set to annoying dance music and no explanation of what is going on. I sure appreciate your in depth approach and demos. I just subscribed!
This is just amazing, salute for you to make learning so easy, in this youtube school. I am 64 a retired Mechanical engineer. Now busy fixing of house appliances and odd activities. I feel connected to a vast knowledge to take this as a new hobby.
please do video on open loop and closed loop motors. for ex. servo and steppers
steppers very are good but they are not good for high speed applications with high accuracy and torque.
for high speed, you use a brushless motor
16:30 I'm not sure why you used floats for these constants, especially when the stepper motor library calls for ints.
with me it sais that stepper does not have a name type
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@@heyongkun shush bot
Excellent instruction Sir. Anything I didn't understand is purely on me!! As others have said better than me, your audio, your pace, your visual presentation, detailed yet crisp explanation of the scripts, and your tidy demonstrations are superb. I am building a Flight Simulator and need to understand the use of steppers and their drivers to enable data from the flight sim software to drive steppers for instruments such as Altimeter, Rate of Climb, Air Speed and a number of other dial type gauges. I have lots to learn!! Thankyou for making it easier than I expected.
So, I was initially just checking out this video to see quickly how to hook up the 28YBJ-48 unipolar motor to the Arduino but now 50 minutes later I'm still here... Thank you for the great walkthrough, this really gave me a better understanding of stepper motors! You're presenting it all very well and it's a joy to watch! You've earned a new subscriber!
Absolutely fascinating, educational tutorial, thank you so much for sharing! BTW my little Grandson and I are going to build a Robot and dominate the world. Be warned :)
Me : 50 min, its too long,
20 min later : already 20min left, i'll see it entirely
Me:50 min,its too long,
50 min later,prepared cup of coffe and looking through the channel for more.
with other arduino tutorials,5 mins in the video and i am already lost.
Having worked in this industry for more than 2 decades, I have to say that this video is the first AND most accurate I've seen to date.
Some improvements I would suggest is to delineate the Static/Holding Torque a bit better. Static Torque is an indication, but the Motion Torque is the key.
Detent torque is typically on the orders of 1/10 or less of the Static Torque.
Would you consider making a video for closed loop operation?
By the way; your workbench is a dream. So clean and well organized!
A great natural teacher. I am an intermediate Arduino user but I wish I had seen this earlier in my endeavors.l IMO this is THEm BEST Stepper Video and I have suffered through 30+?. WELL DONE. Tank You.
That's exactly what students/people need: clear and simple explanations with real life examples. You don't have to be a genius to understand how these things work. But the lectures and transcripts in university make you think so sometimes. Of course, the theory behind is important to understand what's going on, but why do we swallow theory all day without beeing showed how that stuff works practically? (impression of my university) That's how proper teaching looks like! Big thank you, sir.
Can't believe I haven't seen this video in my feed yet. I've seen a number of your other videos, and the quality here is right up there with your others. Thanks.
Not just the best tutorials on the net, but totally appropriate camera work. Not too much scene switching, just the right amount, no doof music soundtrack... perfect. I dont get amazon in my part of the world, but really, you should set up an amazon drop shipping account so people can buy parts from you. Even if you dont need the money.... keep it... donate it... whatever...but I'm guessing every subscriber would buy from your amazon account rather than from elsewhere. I would, just for convenience. Anyway... Awesome. Please keep it coming. My Arduino stuff is in the middle of the ocean as I type, but it's going to be here soon. Thank you.
The best tutorial about stepper motors i've ever seen . Thank you!
I'm currently working on building a small walking robot that uses fishing line and springs to operate the legs. I originally envisioned using servos to spool the fishing line and lift the legs, but the tiny servos I had in mind didn't have enough torque to lift three spring-powered legs at a time and they only revolved 195 degrees, which would only lift the legs a fraction of what I needed. I had heard about stepper motors, but didn't know much about their function. Since watching this video, I decided to replace the spooling servos with stepper motors and initial test are very promising!
Your videos, as always, have been a huge help in leading me through my understanding of robotics and electronics. Thank you!
Wow!
Great information!
Great video!
Great presentation!
Great workshop!
You actually made me interested in electronics again! I went from hardware and electronics to developing software for a couple decades. I have been really burned out and uninterested. Seeing you having fun doing all of this and your presentation made is so appealing again! Thank you!
Thank you so much for this video. I was struggling and looking round for instructions for driving stepper motors with Arduino. And here it all is, easy to follow, easy to understand and with code available. Brilliant. I am so grateful.
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Great channel! Brilliant lectures, clear and easy to follow explanations and drawings. I enjoy it a lot. Thank you for your great work. Much appreciated.
All Best,
Tom
The best tutorial on stepper motors ever seen. Thanks!
I'm new at researching electronic circuits and motors. I really appreciate how well you explain and demonstrate ideas in your tutorials. English is my second language so my wife is writing what I wanted to say to you. I have subscribed hoping to learn more. The way you talk is easy for me to understand mostly. thank you, Paul
As a total noobie to electronics im always looking on you tube for informative and easy to follow videos and i always come back to yours, without doubt the BEST.. thank you so much for putting the time and effort into making them..
Dear Bill.
I'am so glad that i found this video and your channel. I'am a HamRadio Amateur and i'am about to develop an automatic tuner for my homemade magnetic loop. Since then i tune manually with an normal motor and some switches to minimum SWR, this is annoying some times so i want to automate this. Therefore i decided to use a stepper motor and an arduino. Till now i am way behind of beeing familiar with programming microcontrollers and steppermotors. Your video brought me much closer to this and finally to not giving up hunting my goal.
Many thanks for this. My english is not very skilled so i hope i put it right. 73's and all the best.
Thank you for this great tutorial Sir!
Thanks to you, I can finally use my stepper motor because the pin connection was explained incorrectly in the manual. Now I finally understand how to controll a stepper motor with an Arduino. You are a great teacher Mr.!
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Thank you for sharing videos of this quality. You explain things clearly! This is one of the best, maybe the best tutorial(s) on this subject. I subscribed to the channel. I discovered the website this evening, great job!!
Thank you so much! You are an excellent teacher and your lectures are very interesting, to the point and efficient. Graphics are superb - Well done!
This is the best electronics instruction I have seen on UA-cam or elsewhere, thanks guy!
Thanks for this video and the others in the series as well. This is by far the best explination of stepper motors on the web.
thank you for the concise explanations. i believe this channel is underrated.
Very helpful. I'm new to this and the beginning of the video got me started. I will refer back to the latter half of the video as my projects grow. Clear and easy to understand. Thanks.
Always wanted to learn about steppers. This explains them really well. You put out some of the best videos. Thanks!
Gotta love that workshop you are in... Beautiful!
Only if I had a teacher like you when I was school, I would have been a very different person today. Thanks for creating such a great content. Absolutely love your work.
Loved the way everything is explained in detailed and presented.
thank you. I am on a long learning curve and it is taking a while to sink in. This was an outstanding video and made many things much clearer. I hope you continue to do what you are doing.
Robert Brisbane Australia
Now this is by far the best explanation video i've found on youtube. Thanks a lot Sir. You are a very good teacher. :)
Thank you for giving me an idea how to use stepper motor.I may need to watch this video over and over again and watch other videos regarding arduino and stepper motor. This is a big help for me as a beginner.
Excellent structure in your teaching methods. Very clear diagrams and animations. Very easy to watch and absorb valuable information. Thank you for taking the time to make and upload your videos.
Fantastic job on the video! Very informative and put together very well. There are so many junkie videos out there that are painful to watch, but yours are very good. I have access to hundreds of used stepper motors on their way to the trash and have always wanted to do projects with them. Now I can.
life saver......was watching other videos.....all showed us to get some 3 pin transistor and diode to run the motor....stumbled upon this later on...and here i am running my motor....god bless you mate !
You teached me more than any teacher ever would, thanks for the great videos
Excellent tutorial, thank you for doing so much effort, and presenting your knowledge in an exciting and easy to understand setting.
👍🏻
Mate, you are a great instructor. Keep up the outstanding work. I use your knowledge to teach 13 yo Ardunio.
Took me 2 hours yesterday and i managed. I just discover this video now, this could save me literally 2 hours. Thanks for the video.
Excellent videos - everyone can learn or repeat a lot form each video. As a mechanical engineer and secondary school teacher I am thrilled with each video. So have a greeting from Croatia !
Kresimir
This many years later, Thank-You.
This is exactly what I wanted know.
This was a great insight into stepper motors. Ideally I would like to learn enough to build an antenna rotator. Thanks for your time and effort.
Good tutorial... your workshop is obscenely organized.
Amazing explanation, very simple and clear teaching. Thank you for your effort.
Just started playing around with Adruino and your videos are great. Thanks for all the work / detail you put into the videos. Subbed
Great video! easy to understand. My first project was a stepper motor with the L298n. went smooth thanks to your video.
Highly highly elaborated lecture, great presentation, extremly easy to understand. I am really very thankful for sharing such a great video.
I will surely recommend it to my students. Keep up such a good work!
Thanks for adding the chapter time-breaks!
Thank you very much for this video, I was struggling on a project and you helped me a lot. now I know what I must buy.
I have been trying to get into this for the past year now and you have the best demos I have seen, your set up is well explained even your programming is well shown and if you could do a programming tutorial that I would greatly appreciate
This is an amazing tutorial. The most clear I've ever seen. The explanation is A++++ the graphics A++++. Tnx so much
Wow, thank YOU Patrick for the very nice comment! I would rate your comment A++++ 🙂
Thank you for another excellent video!
Beautifully narrated and easy to understand content - Always looking forward to your video! you are a teacher thank you.
Brand new to this and your way of presenting the information is so clear...thanks and I am looking forward to watching a lot more and hopefully, making the experiments work!
Best video to this topic by far. Whenever someone asks a question to stepper motors I will link them right back here :)
Nice video. I don't speak english,but you speak and explain very clearly ,i can understand all.Thanks.
You do the best tutorial videos out there!
absolutely great work! I got my steppers up and running for a camera slide project using the 298!
Excellent explanations. Thanks for your hard work to produce it.
Dusted off my old Arduino starter kit, pulled out the parts and followed along! It was a blast to get back to the basics. Thank you for the amazing and informative video!
You're most welcome, glad I could inspire you to get out the Arduino!
Best video on stepper motors I have ever seen.
i saw many learning videos on youtube .they all are good but you are a legend sir . you expalning very clearly and fascinating way. which produce curiosity. thanks
Thank you for the excellent video. I am just starting to dabble into the cnc world and have greatly helped me understand the stepper motor and controls. I now longer have doubts to what steppers I need for a upgrade i am planning. Thanks!