Immediately looked up the reaction to Oklahoma. The name means "Home of the Red Man," and Rev. Allen Wright wasn't just a member of the Choctaw, he was Chief from 1866-1870.
He also was probably extremely racist despite what our host said. The Choctaw elites practiced black slavery and were among the last people to give up the practice
As a Native American and somebody who studies my culture and the history of my culture. We native Americans did not like anybody. That was outside of our own tribal nation. Depending upon what clan, tribe, or nation you come from. We hate you just as equally as we hate anybody else. The Lakota name. Was given to my people by our adversaries, the Pawnee. The word Lakota literally means little snake people. Because of our ravenous appetite in the way we devour anything in our path. Oh yeah, native Americans had slaves and slavery long before European contact. Our understanding of slavery, though, and practice of it was much more of a fluid rather than stagnant position. Just because you became a slave during war doesn't mean Would Necessarily stay a slave. After all, native Americans view slaves as orphans. Thus, they are to be adopted into a new family, and they are to be given a new place in life. But this comes with its own set of trials which are often more torturous than what most civilized society would see necessary. But these trials would be carried out to prove your willingness to become a member of our tribe.
I wish I could meet more people like you who are interested in actual history and not some idealized version of it that might as well be a fairytale. Thanks for that.
@trevorcook4439 No. I'm not misusing the word nation. Especially when it comes to the different Native American tribal nations scattered All throughout the United States. One. Tribal nation is made up of many different tribes, which each tribe is made up of many different clans. Lakota nation is different than the Pawnee nation. As the pony are different than the ojibway, the ojibway different than the Choctaw the Choctaw different than the Cherokee. And all of which are different than the Iroquois. Which are different tribal nations and confederations, made up of different tribes, clans and family groups.
@trevorcook4439 You couldn't possibly be more wrong. Nation comes from the Latin word natio (verb nasci means to be born). It's an outgrowth of tribe and sub group of ethnicity. Family>tribe>nation>ethnicity>race It's a modern perversion of language and civic nationalist lies that teach that nation means the same as country. If I move to a Cherokee reservation I'm still not part of the Cherokee nation.
Most "Native Americans" I know prefer American Indian or just Indian. The fact that they're also campaigning to bring back the Redskins football team makes me question how offensive they'd find that term too. My grandfather was a quarter-American Indian. His skin turned very red if he spent any time out in the sun. And I don't mean he was sunburned.
The Washington Post did a survey among American Indians to find a reason to change the name of "The Washington Redskins"... ...they found out that 95% liked the name
Regarding the meaning of Oklahoma, the Washington NFL team angered actual native Americans by changing their name from "Redskins" to "Commanders." 🤣 Also, I find it interesting that Land O' Lakes removed the Indian and kept the land. . .
Minnesotan here ("Land of sky-tinted waters" in the native tongue) I was on several sports teams in the mid to late 70's that were called the "Redskins". Why? Because half of the team had Native blood & our coach was ½ Native & ½ of Mexican ancestry, so that's what they chose for us to be called! ♥
California is maybe the most funny. Named after a completely fictional place in a fantasy book from the 1500s. It'd be like if the English had discovered a place today and named it Narnia.
I hate how people think that the natives were these meek peaceful people who never stood a chance. They were warriors who were at each others throats for centuries before Europeans even came over. They are a strong proud people who were eventually conquered and they put up a hell of a fight. They are to be revered. In some cases they wooped European and American ass for decades. That’s why we have named sports teams and even some of our best military equipment (tomahawk missiles, chinook, Apache commanche, Blackhawk helicopters). We’re they mistreated in most cases yes, but what natives weren’t mistreated on every inch of the globe. Native American culture is some of coolest part of the American story. That’s why they are such a big part of our culture throughout our history.
Maybe we should clean up the reservations so they don't permanently look like a hurricane just hit them. Just drove through the Blackfoot reservation on my way out of glacier and it was genuinely shocking
Oklahoman here. We are proud of our heritage. People who don't like it can sukadong Also at 16:52 ignoring his bad pronunciation of kiowa, the information he provides is wrong. Kiowa are not apache, and the pronunciation we use is Comanche. It doesn't mean "enemy"🤦♂️ My brother in law is kiowa
In another language (it was either Ute or Paiute) kɨmantsi was the exonym for the Comanche which meant "the ones who fight us" or something to that effect. The spanish turned it into Comanche. Assuming you know the endonym for Comanche, they definitely didn't mean the same thing
I thought some Native American scholars had pointed out that "redskin" was due to the red warpaint, not the skin color. Some Native Americans don't consider it a slur, since the actual red (painted) warriors kicked ass.
Kansas is pronounced differently from Arkansas because they held a vote to decide how to pronounce it and by that point the English speakers outnumbered the French speakers.
@@Pomeluyou have to realize how similar those 2 are and how the pronunciation could easily slightly change over time to how we pronounce it now. No chance you don’t understand that. Why even bring it up
There wasn't a vote to decide how to pronounce either state. The Arkansas legislature passed a law clarifying how to pronounce Arkansas, but it didn't decide one way or the other. It just codified what was already reality.
There is nothing wrong with 'red people' either way. Society doesn't revolve around feelings, and cannot survive revolving around them. People are fickle and will often spend their lives looking for reasons to be offended. you can't please all the people all the time. There is not derogatory intent, and there is no actual negative impact. No victims for it at all.
Metatron, about Latin, in my state of Minas Gerais, to this day our flag contains a description in Latin, allegedly attributed to the Roman poet Públio Virgílio Maro, "Libertas quæ sera tamen", there is a common sense that this means "Liberdade ainda que tardia" (freedom even if late), but there are also allegations that this understanding of meaning was a mistranslation by the inconfidentes (the rebels who put it on the flag, who sought to create a independent republic in 1789). What it really means "Libertas quæ sera tamen"?
Many cities and place names are native american. Chicago is typical: The name "Chicago" comes from the Miami-Illinois word shikaakwa, which means "striped skunk" or "wild leek". The word was used to refer to the Chicago River because of the wild leeks that grew in the area. The French began using the word in the 1600s, and Robert de LaSalle first recorded the name "Checagou" in a memoir around 1679. The name was later given to the city that developed around Jean Baptiste Point du Sable's trading post near Lake Michigan. Du Sable was from Haiti. Calumet that is just to the south of chicago has something to do with peace. It is said to be: calumet. noun. a highly decorated ceremonial pipe of Amerindians; smoked on ceremonial occasions (especially as a token of peace) synonyms: peace pipe, pipe of peace. pipe, tobacco pipe. Where I live the rivers change names as the flow from Florida to the north. The Escambia Rver of Florida in Alabama becomes the Conecuh river. I assume it was named after different native american tribes.
I really enjoy Robwords. Last one I saw covered the origins of the names of the months in English. A lot of fascinating history packed into that video.
This is just perfect, when K-Holing, by the way. This kind of etymology and study of the sounds of words comes with a lot of references and analysis; and (at least) I always analyze a lot of stuff, when K-Holing; and K-Hole, itself, as a state of mind, is basically an infinite regression, emerging from a self-referencing function (at least, for me).
Yeah, Rob's UK sensibilities come out when talking about Native Americans. I'm from an area that the Shawnee originally settled. We have a bunch of Indian culture here. Many of our school mascots are derived from them (as well as some local town names). My hometown was the Redskins. Yes, a bunch of white people proudly call ourseves redskins, and none of us want to change it.
The UK sensibilities have changed radically in the last six decades or so. The Brits used to refer to Native Americans as "Red Indians" in an effort to distinguish them from people from the Indian subcontinent. Now they've learned that many Americans would find that offensive, so they've dropped it like a hot potato.
I honestly think it is more contentental sensibilities. I like a lot of his content, but it is generally clear his political leanings, especially when he does his "let's re-invent English and see what everyone else does better than us". Not to say that learning from others is wrong, but how you frame it matters a lot.
@@JRBWare1942 Interesting. I didn't know Brits had their own disambiguator for which Indian they're referring to, but I guess that makes sense given their direct rule of India. I'm not sure how widespread this is, but in my area, you'll occasionally hear "dot Indian" or "feather Indian" to distinguish which we're referring to. Less crassly, we'll specify "India Indian" when talking about the subcontinent. Not sure if that's a broad Midwestern thing or more of a localism. It tends to always get chuckles from people.
@@andrewbrian7659 Fair point. And I imagine it's hard to get a true pulse from across the pond. Most Americans are even unaware that some tribes prefer "American Indian" to "Native American." Some think it's silly to even put a prefix on Indian. It's hard to judge which groups prefer which and why. I'd say the descendants that largely assimilated are the ones that don't care. The tribes on reservations probably have a more stringent take.
@@taripar4967 I get what you mean about the lack of a standard American disambiguator for this. Back in the 1960's, most Americans outside of big cities and hippie communes had very little to no conception of the Indian subcontinent or the people from there whatsoever. When the first family from India arrived in my town in 1969, I had a conundrum of what to call them when talking to other people about them. If I simply called them Indians, everyone thought I was talking about a Native American family. I settled on the term "Asian Indian." Although a novel term, most people instantly understood what I meant by it. My term didn't catch on, though. I still hear people struggling to this day as to what to call them without being either ambiguous or derogatory.
Depends on where you live. In my area, lots of rivers and the counties named after them have Native American names, but not much else does. In general, I'd say the farther west you go, the truer your claim becomes.
I definitely feel he was doing what you think.. it most definitely felt he was just being careful kind of attitude... But you think what you feel is correct. Awesome vid man
I think the sensitivity around the referring to American Indians as Red People has some negative connotations. The name may not be racists but when it is used in a racist way... it becomes murky. It's the same thing here in Australia with the references to Aboriginal peoples as "Blackfellas". It's a name they would use for themselves but it doesn't mean it's appropriate to use in a racist context. It is all about the context.
@claudiomonteverdi7126 I have a more optimistic view on humanity and it makes sense to be sensitive in come areas but there is a degree of oversensitivity on others but I don't feel like this is one of those areas.
@@claudiomonteverdi7126 It's definitely a sense of shame that is programmed into us at a young age. It's not natural to flagellate yourself and grovel for forgiveness every time you dare to identify other groups and maybe offend someone by existing separately. This attitude of White guilt didn't exist 100 years ago.
You should check out his, "Are you getting these phrases wrong too? | EGGCORNS" It's what introduced me to this channel, and I would 100% recommend it.
One thing I've learned with a brief look at various native languages is that you should never expect the words to sound like they look. Like, whoever decided what letters to apply to each sound didn't do it in a way that had any root in how the letters have been used in the past.
@JRBWare1942 I do remember seeing a word (I think it was in Cree) that had like 5 written syllables and a total of like 15 letters and it sounded like it should have been written as a 2 syllable word with maybe 5 letters.
8:17 the Yupik language of the Yupik groups of Native Alaskans is a really well preserved native American language to learn. Though you could go with the Inuit language of the Eskimo or the Athabaskan language in interior Alaska. But Yupik is the most preserved, though I think we might be out of native speakers, so it might be a dead language like latin.
Terms for natives here get complicated, partially because there are many tribes with their own opinions and of course individuals with their own opinions. Red people or red skins, is much like the word negro (which means black). It was an accepted term and used for centuries, but also used in a derogatory way, and of course certain antiquated racial theories grouping people by color. So in the 80s and 90s there started to be more of a push to not just label peoples by skin color, and red people started to be seen as impolite or even offensive. Likewise the term American Indian has been called into question. I think many indigenous peoples still prefer or don’t care about being called Indian, but the younger ones are pushing more for Native American or First Nations etc, though it’s hard to know how much of that is just social media and mainstream media opinions
12:40 CGP Grey touched on that point in his video on Indian Reservations. A lot of people trying to be "politically correct" push for the use of "Native American" but those "Native Americans" themselves are clinging onto the term "Indian" bc it's something far more powerful than the confused origins and negative historical conotations of that word, it's a common identity they can rally together under and have their voice heard. They use it loud and proud bc unlike "Native American" which is so vague as to be useless "Indian" is specific to them and their plights. Native American can mean anything from Inuit through Ojibwe to Mayan, Carib, Incan all the way down to Tehuelche tribes of Tierra del Fuego. Indian- or American Indian- means natives in the United States. It's like calling people from Europe, East Asia, the Middle East and Africa "Native Afro-Eurasian". It's so Overinclusive as to have no meaning, no reason to even be a category. The United States Federal Gov't recognizes over 500 tribes, all with their own names for themselves, which all together make up just over 1% of the population of the country. They NEED that shared identity that is inclusive of all of them but does not extend past them. "Indian" is that and it's yet another thing they are being robbed of by the Colonizers...
I'm going to have to disagree with you here, not because of political correctness or anything, but because I've always used the term "Indian" in the exact same sense as "Native American." I can speak of the Indians of Canada or of Brazil or Venezuela or Argentina or Mexico.
It's your typical example of people who pretend not to be racist. They consider themselves above the Indians. Thus, they know what's best for them regardless of the Indians' own thoughts on the matter. It's the same as when they say black people can't hear a word, because they consider them children (or worse) who can't handle hearing them.
@@bryce4228 And the funniest part is, the black people themselves use that unspeakable word for each other--but God help an outsider who tries to use it.
"Indian" has a lot less of an obviously and primarily _derogatory_ meaning than the N-word does. If you want a more apt comparison, then try calling an Indian fellow a "redskin" or "savage" to their face, and let us know if their reaction meets your personal approval.
@@RickJaeger Negative connotations for words are not obvious at all. They're entirely socially determined and have no objective basis whatsoever. It's entirely about feelings--and feelings can change over time. The N-word used to be entirely neutral, if you go back far enough in time--not to mention the fact that blacks use it among themselves, so something more complicated is going on here. Wow, I haven't heard words like "redskin" or "savage" used in this way in fifty years, probably. They fell out of my consciousness because TV doesn't show old Westerns like they used to. However, a large majority of Indians want the Washington football team to change their name back to the Redskins, so I imagine something more complicated is going on there as well.
For all his self-conscious attempts to expiate Anglicized pronunciations of Amerindian words, in the Arizona segment of his video he overcorrects and says "O'odham" as if it follows Irish orthography 😂
Surprised he didn't get into Iowa's capital city Des Moines. There's a debate about the etymology with at least four major theories, none of which have been proven. 1) The first theory says is it's French for "monks," however the "monks" in question actually didn't settle near the city but further down river. 2) It was named after a fort that was built after the river and city had already been named. 3) Mistaken 'de moyen' for 'des moines'. This theory says it was called this by the French because it was centrally located between Montreal and New Orleans, and between the Mississippi and Missouri rivers. 4) It's a French attempt at native words for different things: like the river, the region, the people on the river, the type of boats used on the river....it's a bit messy as many native words have now been suggested.
I don't think he's making the face because of the names or how we got them from a language pov. But as he mentioned, the namings happened when the Europeans started "settling " and "relocating" the indigenous people who were not really having the best time 🙂 (basically, there wasn't a need for a renaming, if not for the colonisation)
15:00 I don't know if Metatron was thinking of the same thing I was thinking of, but my mind immediately went to a small island in the northern part of Shelburne Bay.
During COVID Star Wars IV was dubbed into Diné - the Navajo language. A few fun facts - during WWI and WWII the Americans utilized indigenous languages to create an unbreakable code. More widely known are the Navajo with WWII, but in WWI you had Choctaw among others. For more information, look up Code Talkers. There was also a movie - Wind Talkers with Nicholas Cage and Adam Beach - that touches on the WWII Navajo Code Talkers.
Metatron I think you would enjoy reviewing the Wired (one of the better ones I promise 😂) videos with the gentleman who shows the variations of the American accent nationwide.
Most American Indian tribe names are names given to them by a neighbor (even rival) tribe that had earlier contact, or better relations, with Europeans. That would be more problematic logically if we choose to have a problem with red people.
The sounds get shortened when a prefix is added to a suffix or two words put together as a compound word. That’s the point of making them one word. There is odd ones that ignore the rules add cup to board and it’s cubbard but not shortened in clipboard!
I think you misunderstood his point about bad European pronunciation. Or maybe I am, but I thought he was making a joke about he can't pronounce those words and therefore won't try to pronounce them all. I don't think this was a "European bad" take at all. I do agree that the disgusted look he gave Oklahoma was a bit weird. But then, plenty of Americans get mad at Spanish speakers saying "negro" while speaking Spanish... people get upset about the littlest thing sometimes.
Navajo or Cherokee are the two Native American languages that have the most resources online for learning. I will say though, that the Cherokee syllabary is really difficult.
Im Oklahoman and although im not from a tribe from Oklahoma or that was moved down here but, Oklahoma is referred to as Red land, Okla: Red, Homa: Land. Is the way i was taught all my life.
@metatronacademy as an Oxonian (one who was born in Oxford not to be confused with Oxfordien, one who studies(d) there), people of the ´Shire’ with their accent pronounce it shire not sheer.
I think what he meant about the Europeans being bad about recording the native languages was that there were a bunch of states that you didn't get to in this video that we have no idea what the names mean, but also that they probably didn't record much else, even if simple stuff like the names of the states were recorded. I honestly don't know the answer to that second part, so I'm just speculating. Also, the hyper-sensitivity to phrases we now see as being unpleasant makes sense given the awful things that were done to the natives. I'd bet money that he was just trying to be careful and thoughtful about the way he presented it. I've watched a bunch of his videos and he just seems like a genuinely nice guy.
Maybe, but he's also living in Germany, and their government is extremely censorial. It wouldn't surprise me if it's illegal to talk about native Americans without denigrating the Europeans at the same time.
Presentism doesn't belong in impartial assessments of historical events, full stop. Realistically, if you brought a bunch of people from the past into the present, they would most certainly NOT see us as "enlightened", they'd probably think our way of life was pretty abhorrent too.
@@MW_Asura we are talking about Germany, where it wouldn't allow people to comment on crimes committed by the vast number of unvetted refugees they let into the country.
When is come to the calling of red people or in the case of red skin, most natives don't care. The Football team redskins was called that because the local native tribe had made up a large portion of their early players. When the name was changed they actually got quite upset that their mark in modern history was being erased.
No. Other people being virtuous cannot be an insult to you, unless you admit that you are unvirtuous. Only a bad person can take offense to the good of someone else, pretended or real.
@@Arkantos117 So what? If someone pretends to have a jacket on, that doesn't mean you're less clothed than they. And if you are less-clothed than they, on a hot day, being overdressed would be the _opposite_ of good. You're in control of what offends you, not anyone else. The pretenses of others means literally _nothing;_ it only has meaning to people stupid enough to take such things at face value. So laugh at it, explain why it's a mere pretense, but by God, don't _take insult,_ lmao.
A term like "red people" is offensive with many tribes today. But they are all different nations, attitudes about such things vary from group to group. Note that the point of reference is the red paint some groups put on their skin. This was by no means a custom shared by all groups.
Why didn't he apologize for mispronouncing Mexico and Texas? Those words have never been pronounced with a "ks" sound in Spanish. The original pronunciation was a "sh" sound which later evolved into a "kh" sound. Americans pronounce it as "it's written" without having a clue.
It does irritate me a bit that Anglos are the only ones who ever seem to be grilled for their approximations of foreign words, even though 96% of non-English speakers in the world probably wouldn't even be able to pronounce the most basic English surname "Smith" properly due to the interdental fricative (th) sound being pretty rare outside of English. I believe it would readily be deemed "racist" by some if you were to criticize non-English speakers' poor pronunciation of English, so why it doesn't apply in the other direction is beyond me. Maybe it's "lingua franca privilege" or some nonsense of the sort, who knows.
Its not always virtue signalling. Sometimes people actually have virtue! Nothing wrong with finding a word distasteful because of a nasty history of use just like one may like a word for its history. A language nerd should recognize that. The native Americans have a wide range of different views on being called "red" because they are many different people with different histories and relationships with the word and those that use/d it.
Rob Words won’t come to Jersey & spew his propaganda. The isle of Jersey is named after the great state of New Jersey, it’s not the other way around, he needs to get his Jersey Facts strait. His jawn is normally accurate but he’s completely drawlin’ when he’s discussing Jersey #1776
I thought that Rob made a joke, since his face itself looks nearly red in that bit 😊 perhaps a kind of honest virtue signaling in a very charmant way ☺️
The "red" thing has changed over time. It has much stronger connotations today than it did back then, just like the word "negro". Also, the idea that a Native person can't be racist against Native people is very silly.
@@AngraMainiiu Because context matters. Not all of those words have been used in the same way historically or presently. Just because something sounds equal does not make it so.
That's a non-answer lol. When you call an Indian person Red or a Chinese person Yellow you're doing the same thing as calling a British person White or a Nigerian Black. The only thing wrong with labels is that you can use them in a bad way, but all labels can be used in a bad way. Some people in Britain consider "Paki" to be a slur when it's quite literally just the shortening of Pakistani. Same thing with "Jap" in the US, both cases are silly. This idea that "White" or "Black" have never been used in a bad context historically is strange. Look into non-Euro history to see the same discrimination flipped on its head against Euros.
i'm strongly disappointed in you, i clicked on this channel not to find metatron from the transformers series but a person making interesting content, 8/10 would have been cooler if you were an angel or a robot
I think you and rob would make a good collab. He likes language quirks and I think any foreign linguist, let alone someone with such a unique array of language familiarity, would interest him quite a bit. Also, calling Native Americans “red” or “red skinned” doesn’t have the same connotation as calling black people black or brown people brown, etc.. For whatever reason, it has become more of a slur than a descriptor. I don’t think rob was virtue signalling or anything. I think he was just genuinely uncomfortable.
I find it interesting that he attempts to pronounce the Spanish and French words correctly, but when it came to Latin, he kept the atleast to me cringe anglicized pronunciation. Oh I just watched a bit more and you pointed that out when he was mentioning he didn't wanna butcher the native American names.
If you learned to use the reconstructed pronunciation of Latin, I can see how Rob's pronunciation would sound cringe to you. However, in medieval and early modern times, Latin was dead as a spoken language but very much still alive as a written one. Since there were no native speakers to correct mispronunciations any more, every language in Western Europe developed its own pronunciation of Latin. That's why, for instance, when English speakers use the term "modus operandi," the last vowel is pronounced like the English word "eye" rather than how it actually would have been pronounced by a native Latin speaker.
You seem to forget that the British came to liberate Italy from German rule in 1943-45, they weren't just tourists. That must be an oversight, I can't believe a Mr. know-it-all like you could be unaware of such an event...
Link to the original video
ua-cam.com/video/0RzEZYsFOpc/v-deo.html
Immediately looked up the reaction to Oklahoma. The name means "Home of the Red Man," and Rev. Allen Wright wasn't just a member of the Choctaw, he was Chief from 1866-1870.
Close
He also was probably extremely racist despite what our host said. The Choctaw elites practiced black slavery and were among the last people to give up the practice
Okla - man, people
Homa - Red
Can also mean people who do not retreat - thats the modern PC history changing version.
Its Red People
@@jeffslote9671 🙄😂
@@tbishop4961 Look up the word Freeman. Choctaw Cherokee etc are actively trying to prevent thier black population from being treated as equals
As a Native American and somebody who studies my culture and the history of my culture. We native Americans did not like anybody. That was outside of our own tribal nation. Depending upon what clan, tribe, or nation you come from. We hate you just as equally as we hate anybody else. The Lakota name. Was given to my people by our adversaries, the Pawnee. The word Lakota literally means little snake people. Because of our ravenous appetite in the way we devour anything in our path. Oh yeah, native Americans had slaves and slavery long before European contact. Our understanding of slavery, though, and practice of it was much more of a fluid rather than stagnant position. Just because you became a slave during war doesn't mean Would Necessarily stay a slave. After all, native Americans view slaves as orphans. Thus, they are to be adopted into a new family, and they are to be given a new place in life. But this comes with its own set of trials which are often more torturous than what most civilized society would see necessary. But these trials would be carried out to prove your willingness to become a member of our tribe.
I wish I could meet more people like you who are interested in actual history and not some idealized version of it that might as well be a fairytale. Thanks for that.
I think you’re misusing the word nation. A nation is groups of different people coming together.
@@trevorcook4439 No, it isn't.
@trevorcook4439 No.
I'm not misusing the word nation. Especially when it comes to the different Native American tribal nations scattered All throughout the United States. One.
Tribal nation is made up of many different tribes, which each tribe is made up of many different clans. Lakota nation is different than the Pawnee nation. As the pony are different than the ojibway, the ojibway different than the Choctaw the Choctaw different than the Cherokee. And all of which are different than the Iroquois. Which are different tribal nations and confederations, made up of different tribes, clans and family groups.
@trevorcook4439 You couldn't possibly be more wrong. Nation comes from the Latin word natio (verb nasci means to be born). It's an outgrowth of tribe and sub group of ethnicity.
Family>tribe>nation>ethnicity>race
It's a modern perversion of language and civic nationalist lies that teach that nation means the same as country. If I move to a Cherokee reservation I'm still not part of the Cherokee nation.
Most "Native Americans" I know prefer American Indian or just Indian. The fact that they're also campaigning to bring back the Redskins football team makes me question how offensive they'd find that term too. My grandfather was a quarter-American Indian. His skin turned very red if he spent any time out in the sun. And I don't mean he was sunburned.
The Washington Post did a survey among American Indians to find a reason to change the name of "The Washington Redskins"...
...they found out that 95% liked the name
It's definitely europeans pushing stuff onto them, they're not W . ke.
Native of Oklahoma here… yep I love the name.
Stop lying, native people actual prefer to be called native or indigenous 🤦♀
@XMissGX you are a bot or a troll who knows nothing, but rises from beneath your bridge to exclaim nonsense and stir controversy
Regarding the meaning of Oklahoma, the Washington NFL team angered actual native Americans by changing their name from "Redskins" to "Commanders." 🤣
Also, I find it interesting that Land O' Lakes removed the Indian and kept the land. . .
Minnesotan here ("Land of sky-tinted waters" in the native tongue) I was on several sports teams in the mid to late 70's that were called the "Redskins". Why? Because half of the team had Native blood & our coach was ½ Native & ½ of Mexican ancestry, so that's what they chose for us to be called! ♥
1/2 Native and 1/2 Mexican is basically 3/4 Native and 1/4 European lol
@@invrl Depends on the individual Mexican's ancestry...
California is maybe the most funny. Named after a completely fictional place in a fantasy book from the 1500s. It'd be like if the English had discovered a place today and named it Narnia.
Let's change the name of New England to Narnia
Once we start colonizing the stars, we need to name a colony, Narnia.
I hate how people think that the natives were these meek peaceful people who never stood a chance. They were warriors who were at each others throats for centuries before Europeans even came over. They are a strong proud people who were eventually conquered and they put up a hell of a fight. They are to be revered. In some cases they wooped European and American ass for decades. That’s why we have named sports teams and even some of our best military equipment (tomahawk missiles, chinook, Apache commanche, Blackhawk helicopters). We’re they mistreated in most cases yes, but what natives weren’t mistreated on every inch of the globe. Native American culture is some of coolest part of the American story. That’s why they are such a big part of our culture throughout our history.
Disease meant they essentually never stood a chance ling term, though they weren't hippies as some pretend.
Maybe we should clean up the reservations so they don't permanently look like a hurricane just hit them.
Just drove through the Blackfoot reservation on my way out of glacier and it was genuinely shocking
@@josefstalin9678 it's pretty horrific. The states and feds don't help them any either. The reservation system is so grossly handled
Oklahoman here. We are proud of our heritage. People who don't like it can sukadong
Also at 16:52 ignoring his bad pronunciation of kiowa, the information he provides is wrong. Kiowa are not apache, and the pronunciation we use is Comanche. It doesn't mean "enemy"🤦♂️ My brother in law is kiowa
In another language (it was either Ute or Paiute) kɨmantsi was the exonym for the Comanche which meant "the ones who fight us" or something to that effect. The spanish turned it into Comanche. Assuming you know the endonym for Comanche, they definitely didn't mean the same thing
@shakukon-to listen again to what he says at that timestamp
@@tbishop4961 Yeah idk what he's talking about
I thought some Native American scholars had pointed out that "redskin" was due to the red warpaint, not the skin color. Some Native Americans don't consider it a slur, since the actual red (painted) warriors kicked ass.
Kansas is pronounced differently from Arkansas because they held a vote to decide how to pronounce it and by that point the English speakers outnumbered the French speakers.
I always wondered why they’re pronounced differently, it feels so wrong though 😂
in french they would say arkansa though not arkansaw
And then there is the Arkansas River which can be pronounced like Kansas.
@@Pomeluyou have to realize how similar those 2 are and how the pronunciation could easily slightly change over time to how we pronounce it now. No chance you don’t understand that. Why even bring it up
There wasn't a vote to decide how to pronounce either state. The Arkansas legislature passed a law clarifying how to pronounce Arkansas, but it didn't decide one way or the other. It just codified what was already reality.
There is nothing wrong with 'red people' either way. Society doesn't revolve around feelings, and cannot survive revolving around them. People are fickle and will often spend their lives looking for reasons to be offended. you can't please all the people all the time. There is not derogatory intent, and there is no actual negative impact. No victims for it at all.
Metatron, about Latin, in my state of Minas Gerais, to this day our flag contains a description in Latin, allegedly attributed to the Roman poet Públio Virgílio Maro, "Libertas quæ sera tamen", there is a common sense that this means "Liberdade ainda que tardia" (freedom even if late), but there are also allegations that this understanding of meaning was a mistranslation by the inconfidentes (the rebels who put it on the flag, who sought to create a independent republic in 1789).
What it really means "Libertas quæ sera tamen"?
Many cities and place names are native american. Chicago is typical: The name "Chicago" comes from the Miami-Illinois word shikaakwa, which means "striped skunk" or "wild leek". The word was used to refer to the Chicago River because of the wild leeks that grew in the area. The French began using the word in the 1600s, and Robert de LaSalle first recorded the name "Checagou" in a memoir around 1679. The name was later given to the city that developed around Jean Baptiste Point du Sable's trading post near Lake Michigan. Du Sable was from Haiti.
Calumet that is just to the south of chicago has something to do with peace. It is said to be: calumet. noun. a highly decorated ceremonial pipe of Amerindians; smoked on ceremonial occasions (especially as a token of peace) synonyms: peace pipe, pipe of peace. pipe, tobacco pipe.
Where I live the rivers change names as the flow from Florida to the north. The Escambia Rver of Florida in Alabama becomes the Conecuh river. I assume it was named after different native american tribes.
I really enjoy Robwords. Last one I saw covered the origins of the names of the months in English. A lot of fascinating history packed into that video.
This is just perfect, when K-Holing, by the way. This kind of etymology and study of the sounds of words comes with a lot of references and analysis; and (at least) I always analyze a lot of stuff, when K-Holing; and K-Hole, itself, as a state of mind, is basically an infinite regression, emerging from a self-referencing function (at least, for me).
Yeah, Rob's UK sensibilities come out when talking about Native Americans. I'm from an area that the Shawnee originally settled. We have a bunch of Indian culture here. Many of our school mascots are derived from them (as well as some local town names). My hometown was the Redskins. Yes, a bunch of white people proudly call ourseves redskins, and none of us want to change it.
The UK sensibilities have changed radically in the last six decades or so. The Brits used to refer to Native Americans as "Red Indians" in an effort to distinguish them from people from the Indian subcontinent. Now they've learned that many Americans would find that offensive, so they've dropped it like a hot potato.
I honestly think it is more contentental sensibilities. I like a lot of his content, but it is generally clear his political leanings, especially when he does his "let's re-invent English and see what everyone else does better than us".
Not to say that learning from others is wrong, but how you frame it matters a lot.
@@JRBWare1942 Interesting. I didn't know Brits had their own disambiguator for which Indian they're referring to, but I guess that makes sense given their direct rule of India.
I'm not sure how widespread this is, but in my area, you'll occasionally hear "dot Indian" or "feather Indian" to distinguish which we're referring to. Less crassly, we'll specify "India Indian" when talking about the subcontinent. Not sure if that's a broad Midwestern thing or more of a localism. It tends to always get chuckles from people.
@@andrewbrian7659 Fair point. And I imagine it's hard to get a true pulse from across the pond. Most Americans are even unaware that some tribes prefer "American Indian" to "Native American." Some think it's silly to even put a prefix on Indian. It's hard to judge which groups prefer which and why. I'd say the descendants that largely assimilated are the ones that don't care. The tribes on reservations probably have a more stringent take.
@@taripar4967 I get what you mean about the lack of a standard American disambiguator for this. Back in the 1960's, most Americans outside of big cities and hippie communes had very little to no conception of the Indian subcontinent or the people from there whatsoever. When the first family from India arrived in my town in 1969, I had a conundrum of what to call them when talking to other people about them. If I simply called them Indians, everyone thought I was talking about a Native American family. I settled on the term "Asian Indian." Although a novel term, most people instantly understood what I meant by it. My term didn't catch on, though. I still hear people struggling to this day as to what to call them without being either ambiguous or derogatory.
The names of a lot of rivers, cities, parks, towns, & street names, etc., are also from Native American languages.
Depends on where you live. In my area, lots of rivers and the counties named after them have Native American names, but not much else does. In general, I'd say the farther west you go, the truer your claim becomes.
I definitely feel he was doing what you think.. it most definitely felt he was just being careful kind of attitude... But you think what you feel is correct.
Awesome vid man
I also liked the information in Rob Words but was annoyed by there apologetic tone. i liked this reaction video.
Scholars started referring to Mexica (me-she-ka) as Aztec because people kept assuming it was the same continuous government of modern Mexico.
I think the sensitivity around the referring to American Indians as Red People has some negative connotations. The name may not be racists but when it is used in a racist way... it becomes murky. It's the same thing here in Australia with the references to Aboriginal peoples as "Blackfellas". It's a name they would use for themselves but it doesn't mean it's appropriate to use in a racist context. It is all about the context.
in the end it's all white guilt though, sometimes virtue signaling
@claudiomonteverdi7126 I have a more optimistic view on humanity and it makes sense to be sensitive in come areas but there is a degree of oversensitivity on others but I don't feel like this is one of those areas.
@@claudiomonteverdi7126 It's definitely a sense of shame that is programmed into us at a young age. It's not natural to flagellate yourself and grovel for forgiveness every time you dare to identify other groups and maybe offend someone by existing separately. This attitude of White guilt didn't exist 100 years ago.
Ultimately it's all our construction, we from Europe are talking to ourselves on this
@@dusk6159 You're forgetting about jewish influence in all this.
I always joke about Mississippi's name, it's Big Daddy Water to me, lol! 😂
I agree Metatron - Rob's tendency to be a bit woke is irritating.
Alibamon sounds like a Levantine place name lmao I love it
Isn't "being pedantic" the unofficial name of your upcoming fourth channel?
You should check out his, "Are you getting these phrases wrong too? | EGGCORNS"
It's what introduced me to this channel, and I would 100% recommend it.
My grandpa had a hood native American friend (I have no idea what tribe) and he had no problem with being considered 'red' as his skin color
It annoys me too how he acts like my European ancestors were just so uniquely bad 😂. Love rob words though
We were told in school that the "red" for Oklahoma came from the red clay soil of the region -from Oklahoma to the Carolinas and Georgia.
One thing I've learned with a brief look at various native languages is that you should never expect the words to sound like they look. Like, whoever decided what letters to apply to each sound didn't do it in a way that had any root in how the letters have been used in the past.
One big problem with the names from the languages native to America is that it's hard to guess which syllables should be stressed.
@JRBWare1942 I do remember seeing a word (I think it was in Cree) that had like 5 written syllables and a total of like 15 letters and it sounded like it should have been written as a 2 syllable word with maybe 5 letters.
8:17 the Yupik language of the Yupik groups of Native Alaskans is a really well preserved native American language to learn. Though you could go with the Inuit language of the Eskimo or the Athabaskan language in interior Alaska. But Yupik is the most preserved, though I think we might be out of native speakers, so it might be a dead language like latin.
Terms for natives here get complicated, partially because there are many tribes with their own opinions and of course individuals with their own opinions. Red people or red skins, is much like the word negro (which means black). It was an accepted term and used for centuries, but also used in a derogatory way, and of course certain antiquated racial theories grouping people by color. So in the 80s and 90s there started to be more of a push to not just label peoples by skin color, and red people started to be seen as impolite or even offensive. Likewise the term American Indian has been called into question. I think many indigenous peoples still prefer or don’t care about being called Indian, but the younger ones are pushing more for Native American or First Nations etc, though it’s hard to know how much of that is just social media and mainstream media opinions
"Enemy" potatoes... I'm gonna have a hard time unsticking that 😅
7:25 kinda like how Yucatan came from Mayan "I don't understand you" 😂
Kangaroo?
That's fantastic
12:40 CGP Grey touched on that point in his video on Indian Reservations. A lot of people trying to be "politically correct" push for the use of "Native American" but those "Native Americans" themselves are clinging onto the term "Indian" bc it's something far more powerful than the confused origins and negative historical conotations of that word, it's a common identity they can rally together under and have their voice heard. They use it loud and proud bc unlike "Native American" which is so vague as to be useless "Indian" is specific to them and their plights.
Native American can mean anything from Inuit through Ojibwe to Mayan, Carib, Incan all the way down to Tehuelche tribes of Tierra del Fuego. Indian- or American Indian- means natives in the United States.
It's like calling people from Europe, East Asia, the Middle East and Africa "Native Afro-Eurasian". It's so Overinclusive as to have no meaning, no reason to even be a category.
The United States Federal Gov't recognizes over 500 tribes, all with their own names for themselves, which all together make up just over 1% of the population of the country.
They NEED that shared identity that is inclusive of all of them but does not extend past them. "Indian" is that and it's yet another thing they are being robbed of by the Colonizers...
I'm going to have to disagree with you here, not because of political correctness or anything, but because I've always used the term "Indian" in the exact same sense as "Native American." I can speak of the Indians of Canada or of Brazil or Venezuela or Argentina or Mexico.
It's your typical example of people who pretend not to be racist. They consider themselves above the Indians. Thus, they know what's best for them regardless of the Indians' own thoughts on the matter. It's the same as when they say black people can't hear a word, because they consider them children (or worse) who can't handle hearing them.
@@bryce4228 And the funniest part is, the black people themselves use that unspeakable word for each other--but God help an outsider who tries to use it.
"Indian" has a lot less of an obviously and primarily _derogatory_ meaning than the N-word does. If you want a more apt comparison, then try calling an Indian fellow a "redskin" or "savage" to their face, and let us know if their reaction meets your personal approval.
@@RickJaeger Negative connotations for words are not obvious at all. They're entirely socially determined and have no objective basis whatsoever. It's entirely about feelings--and feelings can change over time. The N-word used to be entirely neutral, if you go back far enough in time--not to mention the fact that blacks use it among themselves, so something more complicated is going on here.
Wow, I haven't heard words like "redskin" or "savage" used in this way in fifty years, probably. They fell out of my consciousness because TV doesn't show old Westerns like they used to. However, a large majority of Indians want the Washington football team to change their name back to the Redskins, so I imagine something more complicated is going on there as well.
For all his self-conscious attempts to expiate Anglicized pronunciations of Amerindian words, in the Arizona segment of his video he overcorrects and says "O'odham" as if it follows Irish orthography 😂
A lot of people think calling native Americans red is racist despite us saying brown, black or white without it being racist
Surprised he didn't get into Iowa's capital city Des Moines. There's a debate about the etymology with at least four major theories, none of which have been proven. 1) The first theory says is it's French for "monks," however the "monks" in question actually didn't settle near the city but further down river. 2) It was named after a fort that was built after the river and city had already been named. 3) Mistaken 'de moyen' for 'des moines'. This theory says it was called this by the French because it was centrally located between Montreal and New Orleans, and between the Mississippi and Missouri rivers. 4) It's a French attempt at native words for different things: like the river, the region, the people on the river, the type of boats used on the river....it's a bit messy as many native words have now been suggested.
8:15 If you want to learn Finnish to fluency, I’d be happy to help.
I don't think he's making the face because of the names or how we got them from a language pov. But as he mentioned, the namings happened when the Europeans started "settling " and "relocating" the indigenous people who were not really having the best time 🙂 (basically, there wasn't a need for a renaming, if not for the colonisation)
Lakota, Dakota, and Nakota are three dialects spoken by the Sioux Nation, a confederation of Native American tribes in the Great Plains
Hes so obsequious about Indian names I half expected his to crawl on his belly.
You are correct about 'shire' and yes that's what he was doing though he probably should have made an aside for non-native (and US) speakers.
15:00 I don't know if Metatron was thinking of the same thing I was thinking of, but my mind immediately went to a small island in the northern part of Shelburne Bay.
Oklahoma - to paraphrase Freud: "Sometimes a colour is just a colour"
During COVID Star Wars IV was dubbed into Diné - the Navajo language.
A few fun facts - during WWI and WWII the Americans utilized indigenous languages to create an unbreakable code. More widely known are the Navajo with WWII, but in WWI you had Choctaw among others. For more information, look up Code Talkers. There was also a movie - Wind Talkers with Nicholas Cage and Adam Beach - that touches on the WWII Navajo Code Talkers.
Metatron I think you would enjoy reviewing the Wired (one of the better ones I promise 😂) videos with the gentleman who shows the variations of the American accent nationwide.
Been teaching myself Latin, I LOVE Etymology, so very excited watching this!!!
Thank you!!! 😜🤙
Most American Indian tribe names are names given to them by a neighbor (even rival) tribe that had earlier contact, or better relations, with Europeans. That would be more problematic logically if we choose to have a problem with red people.
The sounds get shortened when a prefix is added to a suffix or two words put together as a compound word. That’s the point of making them one word. There is odd ones that ignore the rules add cup to board and it’s cubbard but not shortened in clipboard!
1:50 Minor pronunciation quibble, but "scír" would be pronounced more like "sheer". The "sc" digraph in Old English represents /ʃ/ rather than /sk/
If you want hands down the HARDEST Native American language to tackle its Navajo there is a reason it was the choice for WW2 code talkers.
Alibamon is the proof that pokemons once existed.😆
I was told that the term Aztec was created by some college professors as a way to differentiate them from modern day mexico.
I think you misunderstood his point about bad European pronunciation. Or maybe I am, but I thought he was making a joke about he can't pronounce those words and therefore won't try to pronounce them all. I don't think this was a "European bad" take at all.
I do agree that the disgusted look he gave Oklahoma was a bit weird. But then, plenty of Americans get mad at Spanish speakers saying "negro" while speaking Spanish... people get upset about the littlest thing sometimes.
Navajo or Cherokee are the two Native American languages that have the most resources online for learning. I will say though, that the Cherokee syllabary is really difficult.
The way he says Dakota is awesome.
I'm wanting to learn Italian, any advice?
Im Oklahoman and although im not from a tribe from Oklahoma or that was moved down here but, Oklahoma is referred to as Red land, Okla: Red, Homa: Land. Is the way i was taught all my life.
8:40 💀😂 hilarious
What makes the Red Man red? You should do a video on this question.
@metatronacademy as an Oxonian (one who was born in Oxford not to be confused with Oxfordien, one who studies(d) there), people of the ´Shire’ with their accent pronounce it shire not sheer.
Ohio, is a Native American word too. And it’s named after the river. Ohio meaning “great river.”
I think what he meant about the Europeans being bad about recording the native languages was that there were a bunch of states that you didn't get to in this video that we have no idea what the names mean, but also that they probably didn't record much else, even if simple stuff like the names of the states were recorded. I honestly don't know the answer to that second part, so I'm just speculating.
Also, the hyper-sensitivity to phrases we now see as being unpleasant makes sense given the awful things that were done to the natives. I'd bet money that he was just trying to be careful and thoughtful about the way he presented it. I've watched a bunch of his videos and he just seems like a genuinely nice guy.
Maybe, but he's also living in Germany, and their government is extremely censorial. It wouldn't surprise me if it's illegal to talk about native Americans without denigrating the Europeans at the same time.
Presentism doesn't belong in impartial assessments of historical events, full stop. Realistically, if you brought a bunch of people from the past into the present, they would most certainly NOT see us as "enlightened", they'd probably think our way of life was pretty abhorrent too.
@@lasagnasux4934 Complete nonsense
@@MW_Asura we are talking about Germany, where it wouldn't allow people to comment on crimes committed by the vast number of unvetted refugees they let into the country.
When is come to the calling of red people or in the case of red skin, most natives don't care. The Football team redskins was called that because the local native tribe had made up a large portion of their early players. When the name was changed they actually got quite upset that their mark in modern history was being erased.
When people virtue signal it is an insult to those who disagree.
They're basically tutting at you.
No. Other people being virtuous cannot be an insult to you, unless you admit that you are unvirtuous. Only a bad person can take offense to the good of someone else, pretended or real.
@@RickJaeger Except it's not virtuous it's performative nonsense.
@@Arkantos117 So what? If someone pretends to have a jacket on, that doesn't mean you're less clothed than they. And if you are less-clothed than they, on a hot day, being overdressed would be the _opposite_ of good. You're in control of what offends you, not anyone else.
The pretenses of others means literally _nothing;_ it only has meaning to people stupid enough to take such things at face value. So laugh at it, explain why it's a mere pretense, but by God, don't _take insult,_ lmao.
Nice reaction!
I say Mediolanum, not Milan
When the allies visited Rome…😂
You should look up the commanche and the Apache easily my top recommends
A term like "red people" is offensive with many tribes today. But they are all different nations, attitudes about such things vary from group to group. Note that the point of reference is the red paint some groups put on their skin. This was by no means a custom shared by all groups.
I've thought Jersey came from Caesar
Alibamon or Alibamona would be OK :)
Red people refers to white people who painted themselves with iron oxide who were here first. Think Phoenicians. But bigger.
Ah man, I was hoping you'd get to my state. Utah
Why didn't he apologize for mispronouncing Mexico and Texas? Those words have never been pronounced with a "ks" sound in Spanish. The original pronunciation was a "sh" sound which later evolved into a "kh" sound. Americans pronounce it as "it's written" without having a clue.
We know, we just don't care.
how do you say paris in italian :P
I'm disappointed with Rob's coverage (or lack thereof) of the name "West Virginia." There's interesting history there.
It does irritate me a bit that Anglos are the only ones who ever seem to be grilled for their approximations of foreign words, even though 96% of non-English speakers in the world probably wouldn't even be able to pronounce the most basic English surname "Smith" properly due to the interdental fricative (th) sound being pretty rare outside of English. I believe it would readily be deemed "racist" by some if you were to criticize non-English speakers' poor pronunciation of English, so why it doesn't apply in the other direction is beyond me. Maybe it's "lingua franca privilege" or some nonsense of the sort, who knows.
Its not always virtue signalling. Sometimes people actually have virtue! Nothing wrong with finding a word distasteful because of a nasty history of use just like one may like a word for its history. A language nerd should recognize that. The native Americans have a wide range of different views on being called "red" because they are many different people with different histories and relationships with the word and those that use/d it.
This is great, reminds me of, although american city, Cincinnati with Cincinnatus/Cincinnato.
Rob Words won’t come to Jersey & spew his propaganda. The isle of Jersey is named after the great state of New Jersey, it’s not the other way around, he needs to get his Jersey Facts strait. His jawn is normally accurate but he’s completely drawlin’ when he’s discussing Jersey #1776
I thought that Rob made a joke, since his face itself looks nearly red in that bit 😊 perhaps a kind of honest virtue signaling in a very charmant way ☺️
Hail to the REDSKINS
אתה מבין עברית?
Early 😈 love this vid
This is day 22 of commenting on every new video until he does Cajun French and Louisiana Creole
The "red" thing has changed over time. It has much stronger connotations today than it did back then, just like the word "negro". Also, the idea that a Native person can't be racist against Native people is very silly.
Why is it ok to refer to White and Black people by color but not Red and Yellow people?
@@AngraMainiiu Because context matters. Not all of those words have been used in the same way historically or presently. Just because something sounds equal does not make it so.
Especially since the Choctaw are extremely racist against black people to this day
That's a non-answer lol. When you call an Indian person Red or a Chinese person Yellow you're doing the same thing as calling a British person White or a Nigerian Black. The only thing wrong with labels is that you can use them in a bad way, but all labels can be used in a bad way. Some people in Britain consider "Paki" to be a slur when it's quite literally just the shortening of Pakistani. Same thing with "Jap" in the US, both cases are silly.
This idea that "White" or "Black" have never been used in a bad context historically is strange. Look into non-Euro history to see the same discrimination flipped on its head against Euros.
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Didn't work like that when we visited the Italians in the second world war 😂
I’m disliking this video as you didn’t feature my state Tennessee and went with the states nobody likes 😝
i'm strongly disappointed in you, i clicked on this channel not to find metatron from the transformers series but a person making interesting content, 8/10 would have been cooler if you were an angel or a robot
Boss I think you mean Megatron but glad you found Metatron's language oriented channel none the less 🍻
To many react videos go back to doing your own stuff
I think you and rob would make a good collab. He likes language quirks and I think any foreign linguist, let alone someone with such a unique array of language familiarity, would interest him quite a bit.
Also, calling Native Americans “red” or “red skinned” doesn’t have the same connotation as calling black people black or brown people brown, etc.. For whatever reason, it has become more of a slur than a descriptor. I don’t think rob was virtue signalling or anything. I think he was just genuinely uncomfortable.
I find it interesting that he attempts to pronounce the Spanish and French words correctly, but when it came to Latin, he kept the atleast to me cringe anglicized pronunciation. Oh I just watched a bit more and you pointed that out when he was mentioning he didn't wanna butcher the native American names.
If you learned to use the reconstructed pronunciation of Latin, I can see how Rob's pronunciation would sound cringe to you. However, in medieval and early modern times, Latin was dead as a spoken language but very much still alive as a written one. Since there were no native speakers to correct mispronunciations any more, every language in Western Europe developed its own pronunciation of Latin. That's why, for instance, when English speakers use the term "modus operandi," the last vowel is pronounced like the English word "eye" rather than how it actually would have been pronounced by a native Latin speaker.
Check out his channel with the girl Pharisee
Metatron, please check out Sam O'Nella's recent video on Pliny the Elder and please please react to all of it! Thanks!
You seem to forget that the British came to liberate Italy from German rule in 1943-45, they weren't just tourists. That must be an oversight, I can't believe a Mr. know-it-all like you could be unaware of such an event...
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