Forward & Reverse typing-Blood typing II Blood grouping
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- Опубліковано 9 вер 2024
- Blood grouping is very simple
A person having blood group A will have antigen A
As antigen A is self antigen, this group will not produce antibody for antigen A
For this group antigen B is foreign, thus they produce antibodies for antigen B
Similarly a person having bg B will have antigen B and antibody A
A person having Blood group AB will have both the antigens. Since both antigens are self antigens, it will not have any antibodies
Bloog group O contains no A/B antigen. Thus it shows the presence of antobodies gainst A and B both
We know that Blood group O individuals contain H antigen, then why is the discussion only about A and B antigens ?
Well H antigen doesn’t trigger an immune response, as you can remember from the structure, it is the basic structure of A and B antigen. So individuals having A, B/ AB blood group do no see H antigen as foreign and thus there is no immune response.
Due to this reason, for blood typing we only use antibody A and antibody B
For blood typing you can have 2 types of samples: blood sample/ serum sample
The blood sample contains all blood cells and coagulating factors
Thus if you have blood sample, you will have all RBCs showing the different antigen
When you allow the blood sample to coagulate, the clear liquid which is left behind is known as serum.
The serum sample is enriched with antibodies
In forward typing, we used the antigens present on RBCs and added commercially prepared antibodies to do blood typing
In reverse typing we use the serum of the patient.
Since in the serum antibodies are present, we must use commercially prepared antigens to obtain the antigen antibody reaction.
Now once you take blood from a person, you will add antibody A on one droplet and antibody B on another droplet and check for agglutination
If we observe agglutination In the presence of antibody A, this means that the blood contains antigen A. Also there is no agglutination in presence of antibody B, thus antigen B is absent. So we can say that the person is of blood type A
Similarly if there is agglutination for the droplet where antibody B was added in the blood and not for antibody A, we can say the person has antigen B, but no antigen A, and so they are of blood type B
If agglutination is seen for both antibodies, both antigens are present, and it is blood type AB
Whereas if no agglutination is seen for any antibodies, we can say that both antigens are absent, and it is blood type O
If we observe agglutination In the presence of antigen B, this means that the serum contains antibody B.
Thus we know that if the person has antibody B, they do not have antigen B
Also there is no agglutination in presence of antigen A, thus antibody A is absent. So we can say that the person is of blood type A
One of the best videos on Blood typing. You explained forward and reverse typing very nicely. thank you so much
Thank you 😊
Very helpful. I was currently employed as medical lab technologist. Wish me luck in my career. Peace!
All the best for your career. Hoping for growth and happiness for you. 😇
Do we need to extract new blood samples for every reverse typing?
Couldn't find any better explanation in a simple way! Thank you so much!
Welcome and all the best. So happy it was useful to you ☺️
Amazing video Professor! Keep uploading more videos. God bless you mightily!
I don't know why your video got only 94 likes.. but this actually made me understand Blood typing..very perfectly..u made it very simple to understand.. thankyou❤️
Thank you. Happy to help 😊😊😊
This will help me so much for my paper next month, thank you!
Happy to know that...all the best for your paper. 👍👍
Your video is very helpful, simple and short. Thank you.
Glad it was helpful!
Thank you 🙏🏿. It was so easy for me to understand
Happy to help ☺️
Very usefull class thanku mam I have an dought in this topic before watching this vedio about reverse grouping.but now clear about blood grouping thanku mam
Good to know that. All the best 😇
This is so well explained, I wanna cry 😭
Please don't cry. Lol
Sample and easy explanation.
Thank you
Thanks 😊😊😊
Wow, amazing the way this has been explained, thank you
Best and straightforward
Thank you so much ❤❤
It was so helpful...know I understand everything 👌⚘
That's great 😀 do share 😇
Thank you! It was simple and really helpful!
Happy to help 😊
Good lecture in short time n for in memory forever fitted
That's great to know. Do share 😇
I can understand it only when you teach it.. Tysmmmmmmm
Thankyou so much. So happy that u get it ☺️
One of the best explanation
Glad you think so!
do share
Thank you! Your video is excellent.
Happy to help 😊😊😊
Really helpful
Thanks
Very simple n very easy explanation..
Thank you soo much 😍😍
Glad to know it was useful to you. All the best. And do share 😇
Actually today I am having viva n I got this superb video ...thnk u so muchhh 😍
Wow. That's great. All the best. Hope you do well 👍😊
Thank u 😇
Go study 🙈
This is simply amazing mam
Thanks a lot 😊
Thank you for this❤️
Welcome. Please do share 😇
Perfect، thanx❤
You're welcome 😊
Thank you for this u should make more on pathology
Thankyou. Sure will try.
Exallence work
Thanks
Thank
Happy to help 😊
tysm dear very helpful !!!
😇 do share 😇
Very help full 10q
Thank you it's very helpfull
😊😊😊
SIMILARLY
Thx dear mam for nice lecture
Happy to help 😊😊😊
I find it confusing when it isn't just ABO typing for example you can test to see if someone is a true A1 blood type by using anti-A1 lecithin and if its positive then it means they are a true A1. it doesnt make sense to me because I think about how "anti" in "anti-A1" means antibody so it would make sense to me that if someone is a true A1 blood type that means they would be negative for anti-A1. Im not sure if that makes sense but I was hoping you could help me understand it better especially since I find it confusing too when we get into Kells like anti-k/anti-K, etc.
If someone is A1 the anti-a1 will bind to the cells
I know this video was shared a while ago, I hoping for help though. Great video! The only thing I am confused about is the difference between forward and reverse typing. In my text book, Forward Grouping is using a know source of antibodies to detect the ANTIGEN. Whereas, Reverse Grouping, is using the reagent cells with known ABO antigens and testing the serum for ABO group ANTIBODIES.
This is the opposite of what the video is stating, Am I missing something?
Hello. Yes you are right. And that is exactly what the video states. Commercially prepared antibodies are used for forward typing..meaning for forward typing you use known antibodies which are prepared commercially. The word known is not used there which may have confused you. I hope it is clear now.
Also I forward typing the video mentions the use of blood...so in blood the antigens on the rbcs are unknown. So the known commercial antibodies are being used to detect the unknown antigens on blood cells.
so the antigen on the surface of a rbc is the binding agent mechanism for o2 to adhere to the surface of a rbc ?
The hemoglobin protein in the RBC has binding site for o2
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Full massage ?
what an accent
Do u have a problem following the contents?
@@BioMagica no , awesome video thanks!
Thank you then ☺️
Ugh why do these videos always have an indian accent??
Maybe because the creator is an Indian 😅