Carbon Dioxide (Part II) - Periodic Table of Videos
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- Опубліковано 26 січ 2010
- Watch as we burn magnesium in a block of solid carbon dioxide, and The Professor gives his view on global warming.
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I love watching solids become gasses. It's sublime.
hahaha very punny
A little correction at 6:50
Carbon dioxide is a colourless gas. The white vapour is water that condenses when exposed to the cold CO2
That said, this was an excellent video and that looks like a fun experiment to try if I find an extra block of dry ice lying around the lab.
"Our workshop made us a cannon..." That must be the coolest shop to work in ever.
Man that reaction of magnesium inside the dry ice is awesome. I would not have expected it to "steal" the oxygen from the CO2 to form elemental carbon.
Reminds me of the reaction between Nitric acid and copper in High school. Wasn't expecting anything to happen, but boy was I wrong.
The white clouds when you put dry ice into water are condensed water vapor. They are not CO2 gas.
CO2 is not a white gas! The cold clear gas has condensed water vapor in it. Sorry, I'm a pedant.
scowell Being accurate in science isn't pedantry. It's just doing science. (Sorry to be a pedant. ;))
He was merely pointing out that the gas was frothy and white, he didn’t say CO2 gas is frothy and white, the fact that water frozen makes it white should be a given
Turn on the English (auto generated) Subtitles, go to 2:03 . Laugh. Mission complete.
The enthusiasm made me laugh. This made my day
Raihan Ghaffar 7:07 too....Awww XD
+halofreak12321 Try 7:37
Raihan Ghaffar didn't work
OK, I'm really sad. Whatever flaws in the auto-generated subtitles you are discussing must have been fixed, but I'm guessing it misheard the word "Venus"? :)
1:25 "Becasue the Earth is much cooler than the Sun" yep, its pretty cool here :)
"Our workshop made us a cannon, just for dry ice!"
It must be fun to be a scientist.
"Neil has been very active today and got us some special dry ice!" XD neil the silent science ninja XD
The magnesium reaction was AWESOME!! GREAT vid!!
These Video's are So Informative, Keep up the Good Work
I learn more on your channel than I did in 4 months of year 10 chemistry.
Your videos are so amazing, greattings from Ecuador.
i have a question.. if you had a block of dry ice, a decently insulated beverage cooler, and a piece of camping thermal material.. if you loosely wrapped the dry ice block in the thermal material and placed that inside the cooler then closed the lid.. granted you had a tiny hole drilled into the bottom of the cooler, granted the lid of the cooler wasn't locked shut for precaution, roughly how long would that drill hole slowly shoot out co2 gas?
the problem is also that we are cutting down large amounts of plants in general.
hey for the experiment with the CO2 and magnesium does it have to be magnesium or could i use a substitute?
also, sorry, would there be any chance that the "evaporating, melting?" dry ice would have any chemical reactions with the thermal material? would it give off any toxins? i've seen a sewn together mylar/fabric sheet i'm going to cut up and use. maybe ill punch one or two holes in the thermal fabric ..
Great video!
Is enough solid C02 capable of actually freezing some of the water, or would the reaction cause too much motion to allow that?
Hello i have a sparkling lighter, made of Mg, and when you hit with steel it causes sparks, but im wondering if i would heat my Mg stick would it light up?
When the guy says that the co2 is the white gas when he puts it in the beaker with water he is incorrect. Co2 is colorless. The white is the water vapor that condenses in the co2 as it sublimates. This occurs because the gas given off is so cold
Is dry ice this difficult to find that you have to order it, rather than pick it up in a local shop? A friend in the UK has found getting some for a cloud chamber nearly impossible.
your AMAZING again ive said this in 2015
but even now your vids r super helpful
"we're gonna have to wait until it's cool" The strangest thing to hear when talking about dry ice.
In my opinion, this video should be revisited. A suggestion to do this is to put an indicator in water before dropping the dry ice in it to show that when CO2 goes in water, carbonic acid forms. Carbonic acid is a hot topic in the whole 'global warming' debate since increasing levels of CO2 increases the amount of carbonic acid in our water systems which affects marine life.
That dry ice chamber is awesome!
@DrD0000M but, how is the magnesium extracted then? Reduction with silicon or electrolysis?
@oOoxelAoOo well I'll give you another interesting question :D
why in the wineter when we breath you are "steamy" because of the water from the air you expire?
Beautiful reaction, great video, I liked the dry ice cannon! Keep it up, you're the best!
great educational videos thank you regards
You can also use a relatively large chunk of dry ice as a sort of air hockey puck. Instead of gas coming up from under the table, you have gas coming down from under the puck. This works best on a smooth floor (linoleum or cement).
proffessor,earlier i read a very long comment adventure about white white being a colour or a shade. so can you please provide a detailed explanation of this query and at the end say in blank what it is
That's a neat reaction. I love playing with dry ice :o) In our lab, I used to put some in the toilet.
I made a dry ice powered potato mortar once. I made the seal a bit too tight and launched a tater about 400 yards with 5 pounds of co2
loving that moment when dry ice is put inside the water and couses laydenfrost effect, and it looks metalic shiny :)
Is the lid always on the bottom in Britain? ( 6:31 )
I was referring to the gas expanding from the fire extinguisher. That is a process where the pressure is changing from high to low with virtually no energy transfer to the working fluid, so temperature does indeed drop allowing for the formation of solid carbon dioxide.
It does not hold true for the solid carbon dioxide boiling, since as you rightly stated, heat is being transferred to the fluid. Therefore the CO2 gas cannot and does not get cold enough to condense back into a solid.
q.e.d
I just adore the mug in this video saying Rocket Scientist....next to the professor !
The professor have said on numerous occasions that chemists... even scientists of all professions can be wrong. And all that is known so far is based on what we have learned so far. Some thing we have learned wrong and there are examples of that occurring frequently every day.
What i am getting at is, just because you have a doctorate in chemistry and is a professor doesn't mean you know everything and any one person can still "accidentally" come to a correct conclusion no matter who he/she is.
@Serostern A lot of the magnesium rods that you get from shops are mixed with other metals. Also the fact that it's a fat*more so* rod makes it harder to ignite. You can shave it into filings/fine particles and ignite it that way. ;)
Could you make videos about other greenhouse gasses such as methane and the compounds used in freezers(that apparently are much more potent greenhouse gasses)
Hmm, would it be possible to keep this reaction fed with more dry ice and mg? Seems like you can make quite an interesting light with it
maybe, but where are you going to put all the MgO and Carbon?
how long does the reaction last ?
I love the cannon experiment!
Simply sublime! :D
I tried to extinguish an Aluminium/Magnesium alloy swarf fire with a CO2 fire extinguisher once. It was in the bed of a lathe where there may also have been some water and oil present too. It was somewhat energetic! Massive fireball. Grey powder everywhere afterwards, I assume this would be the Aluminium and Magnesium oxide and carbon they mention.
adding on to what he said, the fact the the compound CO2 is different to the elemental carbon means that it interacts with light differently, giving it a different colour
is dry ice clear like water ice? It looks white at first but it looked clear when put in water.
Excellent
awesome, we did this on the last day of school, on a slightly smaller scale.
Has the pressure reaction of CO2 been considered to be used like the steam systems at any time??
As far as I've heard, most scientists agree that even with the increasing levels of carbon dioxide being released by humans, the direct effect could only cause about half a degree or warming over the next 100 years.
The reason there is a panic is because many people think that this initial warming may be multiplied by various environmental factors such as increased water vapour.
This multiplier effect is really what scientists argue about and is not so clear cut as many think.
A small correction to the dense white cloud you see above the water which is infact: tiny water crystals cooled down from the surrounding air. Carbon dioxide is and will always be colorless and invisible in it's gaseous form.
Yes, I believe the sea is like a huge soda can with a lot of CO2 dissolved in it, so as the temperature would rise slowly with the gas we produce, the seas release that gas multiplying the effects and I don't really know how much.
It's maybe like a certain activation energy for a destructive enviormental process, that we may be reaching.
About the dry ice in the bottle, was it sealed or just in contact with the surface of the table? because then how did the pressure raised without lifting it?
Do the alkali metals react with solid CO2?
@Adrenalinism It's been a while since I did chemistry, but if I remember rightly, the initial reacton between the magnesium and oxygen in the air has enough energy to break the carbon-oxygen double bonds, causing the bond to break, forming carbon and gaseous oxygen, which build up (in the case of carbon), or react with the burning magnesium (in the case of oxygen). This then produces more energy to break more bonds, further fuelling the oxidisation.
Great series. Cool - First part was captioned in English, please caption part two in English as well. Jim
Can you use CO2 as uce cubes instead of regular ice? They wouldnt dilute the drink and would cool it down quicker maybe
Great video :-))
Engine idea (will it work?)
1. Water is put in to electrolysis.
2. Both the Hydrogen and Oxygen are transported in to combustion chamber.
3. Spark makes fire. Reaction makes water.
4. Water goes back to the tank and goes through electrolysis again.
5. Repeat Steps 1 - 4.
6. ???
7. PROFIT !!
I still think it should work, as you probably know when a gas expands it cools down. In the case of a fire extinguisher it expands a huge amount and cools down a huge amount. If you blast one at the ground for a few seconds you'll get a white layer of frost. So i think it should work on the basis of heat removal, but you might need to keep it on for a while.
i wonder if every professor of chemistry got a favorite molecule
One of the science teachers at the high school I graduated from liked to put dry ice in film containers and set them in the rooms of unsuspecting teachers. It was hilarious to see their reactions.
@blue4splash
very true!
thats also why butane gas is cold when it comes out of a can, like lighter refill.
the gas will take energy/heat from anything around it. liquid butane will take the heat i the air, makeing it cold -since the air has no heat anymore. at the same time the liquid becomes a gas since it got the energy/heat it needed.
right?
PS: im 15, but i still find this pretty simple.
How much is dry ice?
And magnesium?
I think I've found a replacement for all of my video games and internet.
Very nice experiments, nice video. I really enjoyed seeing the elemental carbon be created from CO2. I like the white -> black transition..
Could be nice addition to add the reactions you show as text on the video! :)
In perfectly still air, yes, like within a lab or classroom. However, out in the environment with constant air currents and weather it keeps the gasses within air (Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other trace gasses) relatively mixed which pushes carbon dioxide into the upper atmosphere and keeps oxygen down near the ground. Also, a mix of gasses is more "free" than a mix of liquids of different densities since gasses like to roam wherever they please within its container.
Not as such, the action of condensing water from the atmosphere would actually heat up the carbon dioxide. The atmosphere isn't nearly cold enough for it to re-condense back into the solid phase (it would need to be -78 C or less at atmospheric pressure).
@digitised:
I don't think lessofyou was talking about strictly carbon dioxide. The most significant pollutant that volcanoes spew is sulfur dioxide and ash.
If you'd like me to cite that I can, but it's readily found if you're interested. Actually sulfur dioxide has a really cool (pun intended, you'll see!) effect on global temperature.
50% of reactions in these films Martin never saw :D
Here's a great trick for parties: drop a piece of solid CO2 into a glass with water and dish detergent.
The white fumes get trapped in the bubbles, and then you can grab the bubbles in you hand and throw them at people, they break on contact, releasing the fumes.
@RazielKain - AFAIK, we have never directly witnessed it, but we have seen lava flows that weren't there on older images.
i always feel so bad for neil = =
@Chet why?
I like this scientist; he states what he thinks is the right answer [as to whether or not global warming exists], and how likely he thinks it is that that's the case, then he states what it will mean if he's wrong. I respect a scientist who can admit the possibility that he's (or she's) wrong.
@DrD0000M I did a quick calculation and it turns out you would have to invest around 1500 kJ - 1600 kJ at the MINIMUM to make 2 mol (recycled, following your method) of Mg metal (and far more if you extract it from nature, over 2000 kJ). Since the reaction is 2 Mg + CO2 -> 2MgO + C, you can process only 1 mol of CO2 this way. If we look at the combustion of octane, C8H8+6O2->8CO2+4H2O you produce 8 mol of CO2 and get 5070 kJ out per mol. But you would need 12000 kJ to get rid of the CO2!
just a bit confused... when the magnesium started reacting to form the oxide, why did it nick oxygen atoms from the carbon dioxide? why did it just not react?
Brilliant. Love Sam's cannon, did she design it herself? ;)
awsome!!
They truly are just kids playing around at times and that is exactly what is needed for science :)
Thank you.
I wonder what would happen dropping magnesium (or sodium? caesium?) into LOX.
By the way Venus 2:11 has a pressure of 90 bar compared to Earth's 1bar (some 3 to 4 times the pressure of an average diesel engine compression). Physics!
you can probably buy some at your local supermarket, i know my local publix sells it.
Every Periodic Video - "Let's set it on fire!" :-D
Another awsome chemical reaction that i love is thermite with dry ice or CO2 in a solid phase.
It gives an enormous explosion with simple iron "bubbles" forming...
That reaction is yet unexplicated...
5:45 He misspeaks here. The White Cloud you are viewing is not the carbon dioxide gas collected, it is the water vapor in the air freezing as it cools in the carbon dioxide which is evaporating, and is also colorless.
When she said she was going to scale it up i was sure she was going to put some pellets into a 0,5L soda bottle and put in the fume cupboard.
A normal 0,5L plastic cola bottle can reach a few bars before it gives out, and that pressure either blows of the cap or rips the side. When this happens the pressure wave generated sounds like a grenade. The best way to reach high pressure fast is to have about 2 dl hot water in the bottle.
@Danebrogen
there hasn't been a reduction in world-wide food production due to either biofuel production or plans to reduce CO2 emissions. In some places such as Australia there have been crop failures and huge fires caused by global warming.
Not burning fossil fuels isn't necessarily good. Other methods used for energy production are more expensive.
As a result of 'green' policies we have already seen the price of some basic food stuffs rise; their supply being diminished when crops for food production were switched for other ones to produce biofuels. For some people this has already meant the difference between being able to eat, and not.
the professor should be put up for the nobel prize
i would like to put the resultant MgO and C powder in HCl solution what should happen is MgCl2 and carbon maybe. might be a good way to make ice melting salt also some black bits from the carbon to help melt the ice.
thanks for that :)
Sooo cool!!!
The professors are the fuel but Neil is the engine
I would have thought that the reaction of magnesium with carbon dioxide would also produce magnesium carbide. Maybe disfavored due to too much carbon dioxide (oxygen from the carbon dioxide reacted with all of the magnesium, leaving none to react with the carbon)?
Just a question:
Venus is about 33 percent closer to the sun. The amount of radiation it receives is proportional to the inverse square of the distance.
(3/2)^2 = 9/4= 2.25
The surface of venus receives more than double the radiation of the sun than earth. In terms of degrees kelvin, the surface of venus is 735 d K versus 288 d K for Earth:
735/288 = 2.55
Does this suggest that the difference in temperature is largely due to incedent radiation relative to orbital proximity?
dry ice is very useful when it comes to painting a house
Please note, in my previous question, that I am not disputing that CO2 has an influence, but the proportional disparity between Venus & earth appears not due CO2 alone.
On Earth there are other human activities that contribute to warming. Cities and roads act as a heat sinks and have an influence on snow/ice melt rates, and ground radiation absorption.
I am with you on the need to curtail our fossil fuel consumption. There is a less fortunate future awaiting unless we act now. Thanks!
Chemists must be very good at doing pranks.