Spencer's Sketchbook

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  • Опубліковано 19 чер 2024
  • Spencer was a student enrolled in my Friday Drawing Class at the School of Visual Arts in Manhattan New York. His work is full of motion, action and beauty. Everyone loves his work.
    The original link for this video,
    www.drawing-tutorials-online.c...
    Visit our new site,
    members.drawing-tutorials-onl...

КОМЕНТАРІ • 1,4 тис.

  • @zookiable
    @zookiable 7 років тому +340

    For anyone who wants to see more of Spencer's work, you can see him as the animation director on the new Netflix show Castlevania.

    • @antoniozimmy6766
      @antoniozimmy6766 5 років тому +42

      Whoa, that dude’s doing good

    • @bamkyre9801
      @bamkyre9801 5 років тому +26

      Plus he did some animations on the boruto movie too

    • @kingS-sl9wj
      @kingS-sl9wj 5 років тому +15

      Woaaaaahh gah damn I followed this dude since this video was posted, amazing skill but damn I'm impressed with how far he's gone.

    • @ripjaimy
      @ripjaimy 4 роки тому

      oh my god no way

    • @TheWipal
      @TheWipal 3 роки тому

      holy s h i t

  • @Akburns93
    @Akburns93 8 років тому +199

    years later and I still love Spencer's sketchbook

    • @entropyink.9967
      @entropyink.9967 3 роки тому

      lol its so interesting to see that this is where either all started.

    • @yoyolol22
      @yoyolol22 2 роки тому

      Same

    • @TheLoonu
      @TheLoonu 2 роки тому +1

      Ikr, I keep coming back here

  • @selgoops
    @selgoops 2 роки тому +29

    its crazy coming back to this having first watched it back in 2012. Spencer doing the animation for Hades is just... wow... He really made his dreams and hard work become really tangible!!!! so proud of him, its so inspiring.

  • @kei4592
    @kei4592 3 роки тому +27

    Spencer also started his own animation studio (Studio Grackle) just for the trailer for the Hades game!! I remember seeing his sketchbook when I was a kid. Never knew he'd pop up again 8 years later!

  • @mangoman862
    @mangoman862 9 років тому +119

    bruh, this guys art is like the artist's equivalent of candy... literally.... "candy" is the word that comes to mind when looking at this stuff... props to you Spencer!

  • @aRBy125
    @aRBy125 10 років тому +258

    I'm amazed that this has any "thumbs down." Dude has the rare ability of having a vivid imagination, but actually having the skills to put it down on paper with such amazing beauty & detail.

    • @mrt445
      @mrt445 10 років тому +11

      I cant stand people who care about "thumbs down". Worry about what YOU like, not what other people like.

    • @aRBy125
      @aRBy125 10 років тому +28

      WHOA buddy, calm down! Just made an simple observation is all.

    • @mrt445
      @mrt445 10 років тому +2

      Yes a simple yet annoying and pointless observation that a lot of people tend to post on just about every video on youtube.

    • @aRBy125
      @aRBy125 10 років тому +16

      Well, whatever. *shrug* I've said my piece on the awesome artwork in the vid. Frankly, I find this current conservation to be pointless, so let's marvel at the art instead! :)

    • @nerueru5756
      @nerueru5756 9 років тому +3

      TT_TT you said it right. So jealous, and inspired, and jealous! :D

  • @tracysu7635
    @tracysu7635 10 років тому +69

    omigod. . . spencer's sketchbook is my favv

  • @nene_exe
    @nene_exe 8 років тому +77

    I luv watching sketch book videos because I can encourage my self to get better each time I watch it

  • @xXTatsuoO1Xx
    @xXTatsuoO1Xx 8 років тому +148

    I've seen this video at least ten times since it came out! surprised that it doesn't have over a million views yet

  • @sambridges4670
    @sambridges4670 5 років тому +5

    Looking back, it was this video that started it all. It was the reason why I got my first sketchbook and my first motivation to grow as an artist. It's amazing how time flies... I've still yet to reach this level of skill but I'll never quit. Thank you.

  • @StarriSkyz
    @StarriSkyz 10 років тому +19

    i love the colors he uses. they really give you vibes

  • @dolourking
    @dolourking 2 роки тому +3

    on God Spencer's sketchbook vid was what made me want to be a good artist when i first saw it when i was like ... 15 lol. Love seeing what Spencer's doing these days, its awesome

  • @deshunejohnson6819
    @deshunejohnson6819 4 роки тому +7

    2020 still coming back to see this dudes stuff

  • @laurenalexandria5313
    @laurenalexandria5313 9 років тому +40

    Spencer's words of wisdom: No. Just do it!

  • @BoDiJyPz
    @BoDiJyPz 10 років тому +25

    every sketchbook I see blows my mind. definitely inspiring

  • @warrior123400
    @warrior123400 10 років тому +14

    His work is absolutely beautiful, and now I'm looking into getting myself some of these colored pencils! The jellyfish woman was a stunning piece. Thank you for exposing his work for everyone else to see! He does such a great job.

  • @lizardrice9681
    @lizardrice9681 7 років тому +9

    and now he is the animation director for the new castlevania series. congrats spencer :)

  • @zamaragreenwood5916
    @zamaragreenwood5916 3 роки тому +5

    I remember watching this years ago and being so impressed by his sketchbook, and coming back to watch it again, I’m not surprised by all the amazing work he’s done on Castlevania and other shows. He’s come so far and he’s still so cute, lol 😂

  • @Kiwikick238
    @Kiwikick238 9 років тому +5

    3 years later and I still find myself coming back to this video. His sketchbook is just so inspirational! I love the fluidity and motion in the poses and hope that one can I can produce lines like that too :)

  • @SoffyChannel
    @SoffyChannel 8 років тому +68

    This is so inspiring! I hope I'll get to Spencer's level someday..

    • @fukquro
      @fukquro 8 років тому +4

      +Renn Henn i wanna get past this level ;D

    • @blahblah3726
      @blahblah3726 8 років тому +1

      ...... are you serious?

    • @fukquro
      @fukquro 8 років тому +1

      is who serious?

    • @blahblah3726
      @blahblah3726 8 років тому

      I was talking to Hoshikosan. Renn isn't a bad artist but to say that he/she is on the same level as spencer is just complete bullshit. Renn is still at an amateur level while spencer even stands out amongst professional level artists.

    • @blahblah3726
      @blahblah3726 8 років тому

      A company ? What would that matter ? I'm saying in comparison to spencer she's lacking in areas like form anatomy and movement along with colors and values 

  • @sumerian_robot9561
    @sumerian_robot9561 3 роки тому +3

    I remember watching this video 8 years ago. I saw the Crunchyroll breakdown of animated sequences with Spencer and immediatly came back here. Haha.

  • @skullchimes
    @skullchimes 4 роки тому +4

    I still watch this video from time to time, this work will never get old

  • @firelordwaffle2987
    @firelordwaffle2987 3 роки тому +3

    I still love Spencer’s work to this day. It’s so weird seeing his career blossom now when I was a fan of him years before.

    • @kesselsol
      @kesselsol 3 роки тому

      same bro haha. Studied this video so much back then.

  • @dragoncrystal24
    @dragoncrystal24 8 років тому +10

    at 2:55 my heart just skipped a beat. Hooooly cow this guy is good at drawing. You've just inspired me to work on my style

  • @narutobboy
    @narutobboy 9 років тому +122

    Update of Spencer's artwork please!

    • @UnstoppableButterfly
      @UnstoppableButterfly 9 років тому +6

      Mohamed Adam Probably not in that class anymore ;)

    • @blahblah3726
      @blahblah3726 9 років тому +9

      He's on DA. Look up Hotaruarc

    • @johnlawful2272
      @johnlawful2272 8 років тому +2

      he dropped out

    • @Audiofreund2
      @Audiofreund2 8 років тому +1

      +john lawful what? omg why?

    • @blahblah3726
      @blahblah3726 8 років тому +3

      Alexander Petrohv how's that awful ? Because art school is bs and he found a job as an animator without being in trillions of dollars in debt

  • @shatteredsentient5321
    @shatteredsentient5321 9 років тому +34

    I remember watching this last year, I have been draw wing for 8 years but just recently I have been doing it the right way. Anatomy, perspectives, etc. I feel like I have just started drawing -_-

    • @jacklaughing8395
      @jacklaughing8395 8 років тому +1

      +Shattered Sentient I personally hate it when people say right way. Many other artist will tell you the same thing there is no right way. There are many ways people learn how to draw. The reason for that is people learn differently like some people can just learn on the fly others have to take classes and have help. Also with abstract art there is no real right way of learning. Just a little info for you. Best wishes for you and your art.

    • @blahblah3726
      @blahblah3726 8 років тому +2

      +Jack Laughing Learning your fundamentals IS the right way in the sense that It's the most efficient and effective means of improving. All professionals have studied their fundamentals rigorously. If drawing is a hobby then do whatever you want

    • @fern8168
      @fern8168 8 років тому

      +Jack Laughing there is a right way to do anatomy and perspective though??

    • @yousefq5240
      @yousefq5240 8 років тому

      same thing with me

  • @AngelXScarlett
    @AngelXScarlett 9 років тому +22

    Spencer's sketches aren't the only things that's beautiful... .////./////. *blushes*

  • @casualarson9248
    @casualarson9248 Рік тому +5

    Ayo, it's Karina Drawfee's mortal enemy. 10 years later and the ice snowball incident still isn't resolved😔
    But fr tho it's funny that he's getting compliments on his animation when in the future he became an absolute pro with his own "whoopsie" animation studio.

  • @alec-elijah
    @alec-elijah 2 роки тому +9

    I wonder if Spencer dressed like a 2011 emo kid when Karina pelted him in head with that snowball

    • @windmi1197
      @windmi1197 2 роки тому +1

      LMAOO THE DRAWFEE REF

  • @AngieARTmanga
    @AngieARTmanga 10 років тому +8

    Sketch book so professional. Every Drawing are beautiful and cool...
    GOOD!!!!

  • @flashguy23
    @flashguy23 10 років тому +18

    I had that feeling where you suddenly improve out of nowhere. And then there's another wall...

  • @GammaRaz
    @GammaRaz 10 років тому +4

    So i've seen pretty much all the sketchbooks on this channel and Spencer's is my favorite. So much style, color, movement, ugh its amazing!!

  • @edsonsengo2684
    @edsonsengo2684 4 роки тому +3

    7 years later and he is now Art Director on Castlevania

  • @instantnoodleskun9336
    @instantnoodleskun9336 2 роки тому +21

    Oh wow. Karina never lies. Spencer does look like a 2002 emo 😭🤣😂

  • @Celtychan1212
    @Celtychan1212 10 років тому +1

    the most gorgeous sketchbook ive EVER seen. never stop drawing Spencer.

  • @Yodayameart
    @Yodayameart 8 років тому +1

    rewatching it again... i just love it, I can inspire myself so much through it...always for years

  • @potato511
    @potato511 6 років тому +7

    It's so good....5 years later I'm still trying to catch up

  • @idkman4823
    @idkman4823 11 місяців тому +3

    I remember watching this video years ago. And now he’s worked on across the Spiderverse!

  • @RawringPuppy
    @RawringPuppy 11 років тому

    I have to say, I love all the sketchbooks. But I keep coming back to Spencer's sketchbook. Just something about his sketchbook is simply inspiring!

  • @AudreyFetha
    @AudreyFetha 12 років тому

    How can someone dislike this?Spencer has so much creativity and his style is stunning!

  • @arih.8500
    @arih.8500 7 років тому +5

    I saw this video a couple of years ago and to this day I remember the orange ninja boy--I still draw my sandals like that XD

  • @einphix
    @einphix 8 років тому +7

    CANNOT STOP watch Spencers Sketchbook. my favor. love it. hope I can know him in real lilfe

    • @turtlebeach189
      @turtlebeach189 7 років тому

      SAME I CAN'T STOP WATCHING IT OVER AND OVER

  • @user-hz1sw8pd7e
    @user-hz1sw8pd7e 5 років тому +1

    i saw this 6 years ago and I still love his work. Awsome!!

  • @TomBoyreallygirl
    @TomBoyreallygirl 11 років тому +1

    His style is phenomenal. You can really tell he knows what he wants in his drawing, such elegance in the certainty of the work. I really strive for this in my drawings as well.

  • @maricellanitram7119
    @maricellanitram7119 9 років тому +63

    i see sasuke

  • @DrowsiestFawn
    @DrowsiestFawn 7 років тому +10

    I wish I had a real drawing class. We mainly drew fruit the whole year

  • @HotaruARC
    @HotaruARC 12 років тому +2

    Oh my god. You are the only person to ever notice that ever. People who have held that book in person don't even see that.

  • @RadishTheFool
    @RadishTheFool Рік тому

    Everything is amazing, of course: movement, linework, foreshortening, use of colour. But I never noticed before how awesome Spencer's billowing clouds are. And judging from these sketchbooks, he loves drawing them. They look incredibly soft yet super dynamic. I love them so much. ☁️🤍☁️🤍☁️

  • @chronorust7220
    @chronorust7220 9 років тому +4

    This is soo amazing...this guys style give me the INSPIRATION!

  • @midocrimsonfate1948
    @midocrimsonfate1948 8 років тому +4

    His drawings are more pleasing on paper. Checked his DA and it's not like his sketchbook. Sketchbook is godly.

  • @Saladmanderps
    @Saladmanderps 8 років тому

    I have seen this 20+ times!!! I LOVE HIS ART SO MUCH LIKE WHO DID HE SELL HIS SOUL TO!!????

  • @spoony8485
    @spoony8485 3 місяці тому

    11 years later and hes still going strong. Created his own studio (that primarily works with making trailers and 1 intro), has worked on countless things, including boruto, castlevania, across the spiderverse and a bunch more. Still one of my favorite animatiors, and i love to see where he started. Inspires me quite a bit (even though his drawings are still way better than mine).

  • @Dan_sid4
    @Dan_sid4 8 років тому +4

    1year has past since I subscribed and I cannot stop watching this

  • @kesselsol
    @kesselsol 9 років тому +7

    You guys may not know this now, but Spencer is now working with Yotta, you know, he helped made a starbomb video about Smash?

  • @LovJinxx
    @LovJinxx 10 років тому

    Whenever I watch this video and see all these amazing drawings I get so inspired to draw. I love this sketchbook!

  • @carolinerobillard5411
    @carolinerobillard5411 7 років тому +1

    Spencer is forever my favorite.

  • @TheFay1998
    @TheFay1998 10 років тому +37

    i don't know how many times i've watched this but i had to stalk him to get more T_T

    • @Iboshido
      @Iboshido 9 років тому +3

      and where did you get more?

    • @ChairVi1012
      @ChairVi1012 9 років тому

      Fay Jiang Me too xDDDDDDDD

    • @TheFay1998
      @TheFay1998 9 років тому +6

      hotaruarc.deviantart.com/
      hotaruarc.tumblr.com/
      twitter.com/hotaruarc
      vimeo.com/hotaruarc
      ask.fm/HotaruARC
      www.tumblr.com/search/spencer+wan

  • @Fjerid
    @Fjerid 10 років тому +35

    I WANT TO SEE MORE OF SPENCER'S ARTWORK!!!!! pleaseee matt!! :D:D:D

    • @thepineapple4282
      @thepineapple4282 9 років тому

      he doesn't go there anymore

    • @SogMosee
      @SogMosee 9 років тому

      charli kahler where does he go?

    • @thepineapple4282
      @thepineapple4282 9 років тому

      SogMosee dunno, but he decided to do something different. :)

    • @AndrewLehman
      @AndrewLehman 9 років тому

      he has a deviantart HotaruArc

    • @thepineapple4282
      @thepineapple4282 9 років тому

      SlishSlash7 and a tumblr :) he is actually awesomesauce

  • @bananamilk3256
    @bananamilk3256 11 років тому

    Spencer's sketch book is my favourite out of all sketch books! I always look at his drawings for inspiration

  • @kayleigh8412
    @kayleigh8412 11 років тому

    I come back to this constantly. It makes me want to keep drawing.

  • @leralle5454
    @leralle5454 7 років тому +3

    Dam his artwork is really good especially his style it's unique and the poses are extreamly cool

  • @oaded
    @oaded 6 років тому +3

    Spencer Is now an animation director on Castlevania/ Animator at Powerhouse Animation. If anyone is wondering. spencerwan on tumblr and Twitter. It's amazing how far he's come, Inspiring.

  • @mandyajel
    @mandyajel 11 років тому

    I think this is the third or fourth time ive come back to watch this. his art is amazing, makes me want to learn tbh ive already been and bought a blank sketchbook. x

  • @Zanenrg42
    @Zanenrg42 5 років тому +1

    oH my god I’m so glad I found this again, definitely one of my absolute favorite sketchbooks, so amazing and inspiring ✨🙏

  • @ClingyParasite
    @ClingyParasite 9 років тому +10

    this spencer guy has some cool drawings

  • @melianaskl8522
    @melianaskl8522 7 років тому +3

    spencer is still my fav artist, i wish i coud see more of his work

    • @zookiable
      @zookiable 7 років тому

      you can see him as the animation director on the new Netflix show Castlevania.

    • @melianaskl8522
      @melianaskl8522 7 років тому

      You tried oh thank you!!

    • @pixellia9733
      @pixellia9733 6 років тому

      he has a Twitter and a tumblr which both have the same user: @spencerwan
      then he also has a deviantart under the username: @HotaruArk, then he also has a vimeo under the same username ​were he's posted an animation reel.
      hope this helped lol

  • @Theone2236
    @Theone2236 10 років тому

    This is by far my fav sketch book out of all of the ones on your channel

  • @KuddlyKisses
    @KuddlyKisses 9 років тому

    ♥ Love love LOVE ♥ the colours! Amazing!

  • @brandi598
    @brandi598 10 років тому +12

    Hed be a amazing animator. I imagine hed make all the characters move smoothly

    • @idgiethreadgoode1779
      @idgiethreadgoode1779 3 роки тому +2

      You were right!

    • @naijamations3404
      @naijamations3404 3 роки тому +3

      He's the animation director for castlevania and he animates on boruto the movie and a cartoon called owl house. His animation is amazing.

  • @BenTheManThomas
    @BenTheManThomas 10 років тому +11

    This guy's line work is phenomenal and just SO FRICKEN FLUID. It's great! very inspiring. Question: If you go to a regular college, will art classes teach you how to make such fluid figures?

    • @yishayakoltsov5299
      @yishayakoltsov5299 9 років тому +1

      ***** Its not hard to make fluid figures like that, just study body proportions and anatomy and simply create fluid lines, don't do that chicken scratch thing with multiple lines to create something, just do a smooth motion with your arm and one line, if you keep trying to make it better it'll make it worse. Just do one fluid line and keep it like that, it'll loosen your drawings up and make nice figures.

  • @CarissaMurphy
    @CarissaMurphy 11 років тому

    Spencer's is one of my favorites of the sketchbooks, along with Allan's. So great and inspiring!

  • @eusiahcruz9340
    @eusiahcruz9340 10 років тому +4

    I checked the other students' sketchbooks. Spencer's my fave.

  • @rebeccaamuan1693
    @rebeccaamuan1693 10 років тому +3

    Spencer, i love your sketchbook! :3

  • @rui-kun9930
    @rui-kun9930 10 років тому +3

    Is it weird that I watch this every single day? This sketchbook is just so freaking gorgeous, I really love it. c: I really envy the extremely fluid/smooth line art, it looks so beautiful, c:
    I can't believe someone so young is so goddamn talented ;A; This motivates me much more to try to surpass him one day~ >:3 (although the chance of that is probably small.. but there's still a chance, right? xD)

  • @Yodayameart
    @Yodayameart 6 років тому

    Still can't stop watching it!!!! I love his art, it's so inspiring. This one is my favorite haha!

  • @kkvantas5016
    @kkvantas5016 10 років тому

    aw man, his art style is gorgeous! I MEAN REALLY! i love the way he outlines each piece, so beautiful!

  • @SeaSerpentLevi
    @SeaSerpentLevi 3 роки тому +9

    you could already see how far he was going
    dude was an absolute beast, this video is very inspiring to this day
    He got me on drawing seriously and also getting interested in animation, and
    someday i will tell him personally, hopefully as a professional animator! >:o

  • @shirshak7419
    @shirshak7419 9 років тому +22

    i've literally wathed this lyk 10 times and counting

    • @AmirAli-mm7bn
      @AmirAli-mm7bn 8 років тому

      +shirshak manga I liked this comment like almost a year ago and was gonna like it again right now lol.

    • @shirshak7419
      @shirshak7419 8 років тому

      lol

    • @yousefq5240
      @yousefq5240 8 років тому

      ha i watched it 100 times and conting

    • @shirshak7419
      @shirshak7419 8 років тому

      dope nation thats nice

  • @xlimitx0725
    @xlimitx0725 2 роки тому

    Dude... I've been looking for this guy for so long.. I searched a lot and I couldn't find this. Thank god... His color is really inspiring. Thanks for this amazing videio.

  • @renssu4351
    @renssu4351 7 років тому +7

    animator at powerhouse studios good for u spencer

  • @cloverbun2574
    @cloverbun2574 7 років тому +3

    I wonder what kinds of stuff he practiced to get this far?

  • @rikunessbaboon
    @rikunessbaboon 10 років тому

    Im blown away this was just SOOOOO amazing, i've never seen art this good!

  • @AndrewLehman
    @AndrewLehman 9 років тому

    i love his style. ive watched these videos so many times. dang....

  • @tatermcspadden4804
    @tatermcspadden4804 10 років тому +9

    wow holy crap hes amazing

  • @forest6965
    @forest6965 7 років тому +3

    ...I want to join that class so bad.....

    • @ghhjnbghjn8921
      @ghhjnbghjn8921 7 років тому +1

      Dubstep Girl just joining this class won't make you get to this level.

  • @izumiHatake
    @izumiHatake 11 років тому

    God I love Spencer's coloring

  • @stephs.715
    @stephs.715 10 років тому

    All these sketchbooks are gorgeous!

  • @roxanaspiridon1912
    @roxanaspiridon1912 8 років тому +3

    because of this video i started watching summer wars

  • @ee3213
    @ee3213 7 років тому +11

    welp thats a big blow to my self esteem.

    • @wearurmaskstinky9700
      @wearurmaskstinky9700 7 років тому +3

      Feli Lord it shouldn't be!!! It should inspire you to become better :0

    • @ee3213
      @ee3213 7 років тому

      Destiny Sky Ya but even his beginning sketches were great :(

  • @MyKokujin
    @MyKokujin 11 років тому

    spencer has an epic sketchbook. so much inspiration and action.

  • @kayleigh8412
    @kayleigh8412 11 років тому

    That's good! I've already been here about 15 times. Just rewatching as I sketch in my book. It's taught me so much about fluidity and motion.

  • @BoDiJyPz
    @BoDiJyPz 10 років тому +6

    also. I cant figure out how to find his deviantart. can someone help?

  • @STMBLL_
    @STMBLL_ 10 років тому +4

    What type of art style is that

    • @kyzenshinoda6018
      @kyzenshinoda6018 10 років тому +8

      he mostly uses Japanese comic style, I guess you'd call it manga-style or whatnot

  • @mightythor8450
    @mightythor8450 8 років тому

    I'm truly amazed by his style,colors,character designs uughhh just amazing. This is inspiration for me! Keep up the good work

  • @MrPinknumber
    @MrPinknumber 9 років тому

    argh!! it's so exiting to go through an artist's sketchbook!

  • @Nicolas-gj8yg
    @Nicolas-gj8yg 7 років тому +4

    Somebody knows if Spencer have Instagram or someting? :\

  • @urachii0675
    @urachii0675 10 років тому +5

    1. I'm jealous.
    2. Your drawings are 10 times better than mine.
    3. Teach me how to draw!!!!

    • @mariesalomon1194
      @mariesalomon1194 10 років тому +3

      WOW

    • @disgvsting
      @disgvsting 9 років тому

      for the millionth time... whan i say im the only Lucy....it means..... IM THE ONLY ONE WHOS LUCY IN THE WHOLE WORLD GOD DAMMIT!!! Thoi was never lucky ....but STILL!!!

    • @urachii0675
      @urachii0675 9 років тому

      ***** Umm...Sorry??? Why are you so mad I didn't do anything.

    • @JustANellie
      @JustANellie 9 років тому +1

      Lucky Lucy shush leave the weaboo be

  • @MissEyelashWisher
    @MissEyelashWisher 11 років тому

    Ah! I just love his style. It's so fluent, airy, and bright. I hope I one day can get that good! I really hope his art career takes off, because more people need to see this.

  • @SkeletonCakes
    @SkeletonCakes 11 років тому

    I always come back to get inspiration from this video. His sketches are so dynamic & the movements are so colorful. It makes me want to draw happy things xD

  • @user-dv8rv1yu7z
    @user-dv8rv1yu7z 9 років тому +3

    10:33 اعع م اقدر اتحمل كيووووت ؛-؛