Great Minds - Part 4 - Hegel: The Phenomenology of Geist
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- Опубліковано 29 чер 2024
- You can find The Phenomenology of Spirit here amzn.to/3zTT3rq
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Dr. Michael Sugrue earned his BA at the University of Chicago and PhD at Columbia University.
Love your lecture, professor. I don't watch any TV, movies. I recently lost my husband, and sent my daughter to the college. Your lectures keep me company. Thank you so much
I hope your suffering is lifted. God bless.
Sending you love and ease
@@dr.michaelsugrue On the off chance you see this, I hope you know the impact you have had on so many people's lives. I work a high stress/mentally taxing job, thank you for introducing me to Aurelius and stoicism. I ask myself now, how would Marcus handle this? It is too bad you never received the exposure you deserve in the scope of Jordan Peterson and that ilk.
@@dr.michaelsugrue What do you mean by God? Is it okay to learn philosophy which believes in something?
@@AsadAli-jc5tgmany philosophers believe in God
How is it possible that nobody has put his lectures in CORRECT chronological order? Not even his own channel!
This guy is amazing.
Rest in peace professor Sugrue 🙏
I just finished the phenomenology of mind yesterday. I likely would not have endeavored to tackle such literary works and concepts without the inspiration that has been gifted from the great professor. Thank you Michael Sugrue, you will not be forgotten.
omg how what happen
@@Patrickmax007 he was battling the cancer for the last several years. I believe it won. I think the onset of it may have also been what prompted the creation of this channel and the proliferation of his work. A fine reminder of the finitude of our existence and the close call of nearly losing the work of an amazing orator and educator into obscurity. (I am eternally grateful that did not happen, and that we're here celebrating the work of the great professor)
Cheers to Sugrue my friend
@@tinfoilhatscholar My sincere condolences on his battle with cancer. His inspiring work, a testament to strength and intellect, ensures a lasting legacy. May his contributions continue to inspire and be a source of comfort in this difficult time 🌕
😔
this guy is a really good teacher.
4:08 ,,Ding an Sich". Kant proposed that we cannot comprehend ,,the thing in itself" because humans look at being through a priori forms of human cognition.
10:30 Hegel's overcoming of Kant's ,,mess". Geist is the giant collective subject. The etymology of geist can be either: ghost (but it adds an unnecesary spiritual element) or gist (essence of something).
15:16 Explanation of the idea that ,,mind creates everything". Hegel assigns an element of change over time to a priori forms of cognition. The thing that develops over time is your self-consciousness or rather the Geist.
16:22 What is phenomenology? The notion that appearance is reality.
Complementing your summary, he mentions another english-rooted word for geist, which is geyser (in my opinion, the most clarifying one) - a subterranean structure, operated by its own internal laws, which naturally bursts into the surface, as a necessary conclusion of its own processes.
Wow never expected to see you here
Geist is spirit in german.
@@engelsteinberg593 A more accurate translation is ,,essence'' as it doesn't sound spiritual in nature.
love when he says, "now"...
Needs to be my ringtone.The gravity that his tone bears in obvious
Surprised someone hasn't made a philosophy UA-cam channel with that as the opening sequence for their videos. @@paulmarr7873
Prof. Sugrue is an exceptional scholar. Such scholars often can be rather intimidating and forbidding, but Prof. Sugrue obviously, truly wants to connect with his students. He seems genuinely approachable and likeable. Such a shame to have lost him at the relatively young age of only 66. 😢
Phenomenal lecture, mr Sugrue!
Please keep ‘em coming.
I have watched many lectures on Hegel, and am working my way through the phenomenology of spirit... This is by far the most illuminating lecture which renews my interest in the Hegelian spirit to a new height. I cannot respect your philosophia more than I have came to respect it! I wish you all the best, an Absolutely beautiful Mind!
I don't quite understand where Hegel's philosophy end and where Marx's one begins, so please, correct me if I'm wrong.
How does the Geist solves the question of the existence of the things-in-themselves? By “uniting” both the noumenon and the subjective perceiver under the same rule of the Geist, which is the concrete absolute and its own manifestation by the natural process of human intellectual progress. This process is shaped by materialism, which would be some sort of “physical branch” of the Geist: its current and also historic expression of the absolute, bound by material “concretude”. In a way, there's an idea of determinism here, because humanity could only do so much with the knowledge it currently possesses, hence the naturalism, or notion that the progress is necessary - because man inhabits his own temporal space, he “heirs” his circumstances and thus, his potential would be predictable.
Then Marx comes in and states that materialism gives "birth" to the Geist, and not the other way around. The very Geist can be controlled/directed by the ownners of the means of production, inverting the dialectic materialism: instead of the Geist giving rise to advances for humanity (culminating in the materialism), a few rich and powerful control and shape the Geist Itself, by controlling the very means of production, which are the means by which the Geist manifests itself.
In summary, Marx immanentized the Geist (assuming that spirituality is, by definition, akin to transcendence, and that immanence is emerged from materialism/naturalistic ontology).
Sorry if it sounds confusing. Again, I ask for help on understanding all this.
@@curtisjackson5793 You seem to understand the marxist part well, but i would point out that the marxist interpretation assumes that the controllers of the means of production are themselves immune to the affects of the material circumstances they live in. They can't control and "dominate" the geist, because they themselves are a product of it in the continued cycle, and so as masters become dependent.They can't shape it if they are being shaped by it.
But to me it seems like word-picking. The geist encompasses everything. A symbol for this is the ouroboros. If the ouroboros (see Timaios) eats it's tail, what came first, the head eating (dominating) or the tail being eaten (dominated)? i think the answer is that this creature exist as a unity and that the distinction between it's beginning and end is nonsensical, since the thing-in-itself is necessarily One like Parmenides would claim and concepts like causality, multiplicity, beginning and end are strictly phenomenal and doesn't apply to the noumenal (as Kant would surely point out).
@@curtisjackson5793 You really cannot effectively expound philosophical ideas without risking confusion. I think you posed a brilliant question, albeit one that I admittedly don't have an answer to.
Rather than work through the Phenomenology try the encyclopedia's which where written towards students!
I've been binge watching these older lectures, particularly Professor Sugrue's because all newer lectures pale in depth
You are s great teacher, i love your teaching method sir, thank you so much for these lectures
This is just brilliant. I learned more about Hegel from this lecture than by just reading (and fighting) with the book itself. Professor thank you 🙏🏼 😃
Dr Surgue is a amazing lecturer . incredible how he always lectures from his own animated mind on the spot . not looking always at a computer or projections .He is transformative.
Thank you so much. Your lectures have significantly benefited my understanding of so.many topics, as I prepare for own lectures as a young Philosophy professor at a local community college. You have been an incredible resource for me.
"If we can't know the thing in itself how do we know a thing exist?" One of the greatest questions yet to be answered....
Sorry I paraphrased that so badly...
So does thought exist?
*Zen philosophy*
*Throws rock*
7, that's all I am prepared to say
I guess the idea is that our knowledge will always be limited by our sensory input.
Knowledge isn't an impossibility. But this knowledge will always be partial and imperfect.
Such a humble man, love your lectures!
Thank you again.
this guy is amazing..... such complex concepts explained in an accessible yet academically rigorous way
I'm from Germany and it's interesting to see how good this lecture is! I know many professors talking about Hegel in german and it's like they don't even try to make you understand . And I know the basic arguments of die Kritik der reinen Vernunft. Thank you so much!
I really love your teaching sir.I fall in love with ancient philosophy by seeing your lecture on Marcus Aurelius.
Amazing....you are such an elegant teacher
This might be too much to ask... could you please tell us about yourself, your childhood days, what convinced you to pursue philosophy, your journey teaching students and mainly how should we live our lives. Please share your personal message, Professor Micheal. I had taken your course from The Great Courses long ago. I was at loss of words during the last lecture. I could only cry. From that day on I decided that someday I would save enough for a two way ticket to meet you, Professor. I can never thank you enough and you will forever be remembered by me. Thank you so much. 🙏🏾 I’d give anything to see a recent picture of yours, professor.
I am a very private person but thank you for your interest. It brings me great joy to know that you have been impacted in such a profound way.
@@dr.michaelsugrue Having recently discovered the remarkable educational content here, tucked in along with the How-To's and Cat videos, IMHO UA-cam has become the modern-day digital equivalent of the Library at Alexandria. And if so, perhaps it kinda makes you 'analogous' to the once-stored writings of Socrates, Plato, or you choose (lol).... Molto Grazie!!
@@dr.michaelsugrue You are truly one of the great interlocutors of our time. Your "flow state" as you described it manages to impart complex wisdom with efficiency & grace. I respect your privacy, but I must admit my disappointment knowing we'll never read your autobiography. (Do you have something against the written word as Socrates did? 😆)
What’s the name of the course? I can’t find it. I have the subscription to The Great Courses now called Wondrium.
@@dr.michaelsugrue i just want to know if you still have that corduroy jacket? Classic!
Wow...just wow. I'm very seldom speechless and this was it.
Your story telling is fantastic. I can't get enough of this channel. Thank you!!!
Professor,
I thank you greatly for offering your time, knowledge, and energy to us.
Excellent lecture! Thank you Professor, and thank you to the editor for making timestamps.
Thank you, this is brilliant. A great Hegel 101. Greetings from Poland.
this lecture is beautiful.thank you, sir.
This is the best presentation of Hegel I have come across. And the shortest!
Great content and a great teacher. Keep up on uploading. You are giving people who didn't get the chance to study the great philosophers a chance. As well doin it with a unique perspective. Quality uploads sir.
Damn, as a philosophy enthusiast this channel is absolutely amazing. You don't find many of these things except Rick Roderick.
I liked hegels approach on life. Inspiring to say the least. Geist is a great evolutionary step in the concept of God.
This was my introduction into philosophy. It all resonated so deeply. My only hindrance from jumping further down the rabbit hole is all the reading everyone talks about. I think this gave me enough to think about for a while. Thank you.
Once you decide to start begin with the ancients. It's the start of the subject, they inspired everyone who is to follow and they don't assume subject specific knowledge.
I recommend starting with Plato's early dialogues such as Gorgias or Protagoras. They are small and enjoyable. After those maybe check out; The Meno, The Phaedo and The Republic.
Then you should be ready for Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics and eventually his Metaphysics!
Best of Luck!
This is the best fucking introduction to hegelian philosophy that I have ever seen in my life.Thank you Dr. Sugrue.
Rest in Peace Professor
Thank you, Professor Sugrue. Once again, another enlightening lecture. Your lectures have been fantastic resources for me in my own academic studies. :)
The best. Just excellent. These lectures have become my daily practice. Thank you professor Sugrue
That last line really hits
It is fabulous🌹. Thank you for sharing it
These videos are excellent
This is the best explanation of Geist I have ever read or heard.
Thank you. The generation that can read Hegel may be dead, but there are some who work to assimilate and understand as well as we can.
Reading Hegel needn't be such a chore. Here's some quick tips:
1. Grab a reader's guide. I recommend Hegel's Philosophy of Right: A Reader's Guide by David Edward Rose.
2. Read the Encyclopedia first. It's written towards students and far better written than the Phenomenology.
3. Learn the Vocab such as Being-for-itself or Being-for-and-itself. It'll make the whole process easier.
4. Read other Philosophers first such as Plato, Aristotle and Kant as the foundations of his thought.
5. Learn the Logic. Hegel's Logic outlines the entire logical process present in all his works. Learn it first to decode his thinking!
Good luck on your journey!
Alchemy balance community politics. Some drugs and sex helps to. Balance brother balance
@@PerspectivePhilosophyBut the description you gave IS a chore. LOL. "Mastering" Hegel's Logic ALONE is already a life-long "chore". Self-contradiction at its best. 😂
Love these lectures!
This video is tremendous.
Another terrific lecture.
One of the most lucid lectures on Hegel out there m.
Just discovered this channel ... very pleased that Dr. Sugrue mentions the 'Early Philosophical Writings' as in intro to Hegel: this is an under-read work. Looking forward to listening to more of the good Doctor's lectures. Many thanks for posting.
A masterful geist in action.
Parmenadian unity. Like that. Wish you’d do more videos. Philosophy of Right would be nice.
So after watching many, many of these lectures by Segrue I have determined that the great minds of western philosophy have taken great time and effort to articulate in great detail, using big words, to think like a child.
You rightly said. Hegel is a theologian. I read his early theological works. After that I realised that Hegel is trying to prove that Christianity is freedom without making any direct quoting from new testament.
He compares syllogism Universal (God) particular (Logos or Jesus) mediated by Holy spirit.This triad is subject and Hegel applies this every time. 🙏
Thanks for your lectures 🎉🎉🎉
Yeah j agree Hegels ...was a theologian but some may object jn that Hegel in his elucidations of consciousness came to realise that there was no god but was guarded on how wrote about god and diplomatically rephrased god as consciousness.
@@davidcummings5984 The growth of consciousness of freedom is the end of history. He claims that freedom for one China, freedom for some India and freedom for all is the project of Jesus Christ. 🎉
Thank You!
Trying my best to get thru the Phenomenology of Spirit with professor Sadler's free videos. Your lecture did help me A LOT to understand the other Hegal lessons and is a great intro to the overall gist of Hegel's philosophy of Geist. How you can speak so fast is amazing to me as well!
I am doing the same thing. I am watching Professor Sadler’s videos while taking notes. This video is great though!
@@humesspork5425 Great! Not the easiest subject to get thru. And I am just doing it for fun. LOL
Thank you professor ❤
Great lecture Sir.
Beautiful.
Thanks Mikey
I would love another lecture on Hegel and the development of art
I think when Hegel said “my pen is writing the thoughts of God” he was not being self important. When you are awakened as many philosophers do you see better the nature of things. To write like god means to see the world as it is. It means to have access to knowledge that is unknown to all other men. It means to become The Jesus, a seer, a prophet.
i completely agree about hegel being hard to read. its like the words dont make sense even though i understand them individually.
Good lord, what a pretzel of abstraction! I think I get the gist of it ... but barely. (A yeoman's effort to clarify such difficult concepts in an hour. Thx for that.)
Nice tie!
Summary in 4ths: (11 min, 22 min, etc)
1/4: Kant and the Ding-an-sich, Hegel and Geist as a rationalization of the problems that come from the lack of the existence of the Ding-an-sich
2/4: Geist and it’s difficultly in translation to English, Geist as (what I would like to call the Societal Ego, since it goes pretty much hand in hand) a constantly growing “mind/spirit/essence” throughout history, “My pen writes the words of god”
3/4: Geist as the mind of god, Sublation as the process of keeping what is true in a particular conscious experience - finding the contradictions and pushing it to its limits -forming the next stage where the old problems are solved but leaves room for new (Geist talking to itself), dialectic of master and slave and it’s existence as the start of history (when man begins to dominate others is the jump), unhappy consciousness (no individualism or freedom, depend on yourself, this is a reading of stoicism), unhappy consciousness - stoicism as unfulfilling - skepticism as destroying the goal of philosophy - Christianity as the final stage
4/4: objective Geist (society and the social organization of society), no freedom without law, free only through autonomy, family - civil society - state, art as tension between these previous stages, subjective spirit - objective spirit = absolute spirit, absolute spirit = art - religion - philosophy, Golgotha of absolute spirit (is this the vindication or abolition of religion), “young Hegelian” left wing reading focuses on more on phenomenology than logic,
Rest in peace sir
Rest in peace professor.
Writing some lists to watch in UA-cam with plethora of topics, I've found yours. So wrote your name--subscribed. I thought I'd lost you. But no, I am sure I was carefull not to lose you--hence this listening galore to your lectures. Thank you for your educational lectures/videos.
Let’s go Professor
38:50 The difference bt religion and philosophy isn’t what we understand but how we understand. 😮
Teaching philosophy to an empty room... exuberant!
There is an audience, you can hear them laughing at some point.
Prof. What is that german word that you keep repeating here, sounds like “dain on zig”” something like that. What does it mean?
My father says "Ding an Sich" in German means "the thing in itself". It is a term used by Kant to indicate that we do not perceive things in an unmediated way like Hume and Locke say, but our perceptions are mediated by the a priori forms like time space and quantity.
Michael Sugrue thank you so much. I recognize the concept now... haha. “Ding an Sich”. My German is nonexistent
RIP
Thank you for your wonderful lectures Dr. Sugrue. Did Hegel consider entomological cognition a pre-cursor to the Kantian theory of judgment. Is cognition inherently a Platonic object. What is the Din-Ein-Sein of timeless time, and spaceless space. Why does cognition inherently possess idealistic limits. Did Schelling and Fichte write about logical atomism. What did Hegel think of the dialectic of mereological atomism. If the Lebensworld is a product of the Mind, does that mean the Mind is inherently autopoietic. Is Geist just Dasein imposed upon a material subject.
What is the Geist of Geist. Is ultimate reality a product of Geist, or is Geist a product of ultimate reality. Why was Nietzsche so fascinated by the essence of Geist. Is German idealism a precursor to Wittgenstein's Tractatus. Why are teleology and cognition dialectically inseparable according to Hegel.
If appearance is reality, what about apearancelessness appearance. Finally, what if Hegel believed philosophical psychology's foundation is propositional calculus, and Geistless Geist. Did Whitehead believe Geist is foundationed in set theory. Is the mind of reality ever constructed by Geistless Geist. Is Hegel's supervenience central to R.G. Collingwood's cosmopsychism.
@0m33s
Ken Wilber took a pretty decent stab at including all of reality in one comprehensive system. He took a lot of his inspiration from Hegel.
Great jacket
First claim is not correct.
Edward von Hartman was a great post Hegelian "system builder", attempting to reconcile Hegel, Schelling, Schopenhauer and others. See his Philosophy of the Unconscious.
Michael certainly possesses...
"(Great Mind)"
Desires and aversions are human, all too human.
If our minds make up the world and how we view and see it, and that goes across the board for each individual, would that mean that in the end there’s truly nothing actually tangible there as a baseline “reality”? Or because of our limited understanding and because language breaks down so much when describing the “true world”, we can’t formulate matters resting state/image? I guess it wouldn’t be matter, but whatever “life” is . If that makes no sense no worries, I’m not good at getting my questions out of my brain onto paper haha I really appreciate your videos, I’ve recently had a real drive for truth and finding a logical path through life and all your videos have helped me immensely over this last year!
Thank you again.
Heigel is intense.
Look at us now with all the histories of mankind, philosophies, histories, religious divisions, sciences, for 5000 years with caves of hieroglyphics, to that of pyrus paper made of scribes and the languages mixing and translations being written and allthe the great words of wisdom being written by writers.
We all are the history of mankind from the moment man picked up the first stick, rock, arrow, and move forward. Creativity and art, truth , beauty and adventure, and love.
Psychological prints of consciousness and subconscious. We all have dark and light consciousness. We came from a tiny cell to dark holes and solar flares burning out.
Particles of stardust and of light.
The question is now in this present moment is "Who are we."
Millions of families and children are still being murdered by profits of wars, and American influence in the world is dying by its own corruption as the Roman Empire.
Will we be able to start again? Today, we have weapons of war and nuclear weapons!! Whereas, do not bring a god of no temple, mosque, or churches if it has become radicalized to bring hate at its doorsteps with gold and silver at its doorsteps instead of peace.
How the Western Culture got it wrong?
Look at us now in 2023!!!
5:50 "is-ness" postulates and considers "non-is-ness"
and that's what "alter-iss-ness" which give us "as-is-ness".
-LRH
The parallels between the relationship of man and gheist and the role of man from the hermetic creation myth are uncanny
Edit: missed a word
Are there any more lectures of this professor on Hegel?
Well , let me get this straight ! Hegel left out « the things in themselves « and argued that they have no importance and probably no existence. Yet he postulated the giest , the mind. But what proof that instead of the things in themselves we have The Mind. Which is a metaphysical element more obscure in the things in themselves!
Please reply. Thanks.
We don't have direct access to things in themselves (noumena). Everybody pretty much agrees on that. We only "know" them as phenomena via our own apparatus. Kant postulated that while we cannot directly access noumena, we can assume that they exist. Hegel dropped that assumption because it's unnecessary.
Doubting the existence of phenomena and mind would be a much more tricky route than doubting the existence of noumena. In fact I think that route would lead to madness. Just my opinion.
13:00 There's nothing particularly nebulous or ephemeral about the meaning of Geist once one learns that the Holy Ghost is der Heilige Geist, Zeitgeist is "The Spirit of The Time", Kampfgeist is Fighting Spirit, etc. Spirit in English has unfortunate Ouija board connotations but one can sort of overlook them (it's the same in German, after all). My mother tongue is Russian and Geist maps perfectly onto Дух (with all the same connotations and idiomatic expressions). It's the animating force, simple as.
Geyser and Gist are totally unrelated words, we're entering folk etymology territory here.
P.S. Be that as it may, a brilliant lecture and I am immensely grateful for it.
Therefore I believe that philosophy ought to start with the concept of I and the concept of mind. Then we can understand that we can't control our thoughts but using our faculty of Reason we can control our response to our thoughts. Kant said that we cannot have knowledge beyond what we perceive through the senses but we can if we have knowledge of ourselves, if we realise that we cannot exist as things in and of themselves but we can exist as things in themselves. This for me is to exist, to Reason. Therefore I agree with Descartes, I think therefore I am, but by default, if you don't think, you are not. You don't exist, you are just a manifestation of the Universe.
I didn’t know the atheistic reading of Hegel, which is odd to me because from his writings (“philosophy of religion”) it is absolutely evident that he was a deeply spiritual and religious man, he moreover enunciated that philosophy is essentially religion, a truer religion in a sense, that of the mind and thought, which for him as a philosopher was naturally better and truer a faculty then mere belief, emotion, feeling, etc. for knowing God. Some wrongly interpret him even as a mystic, but that of course is false and unsupported, and personally for me maybe even shamefully so, because he was missing the mystical direct “vis a vis” side of knowing God through spiritual insight, which makes me wonder about his understanding and explanation of Meister Eckhart as he must have been well familiar with, so as other mystics.
I was expecting Part 4 to be about Aristotle - Politics, as a contrast to Plato's Republic. Rather, it seems like we are on a hegelian bridge towards Marx. True that Hegel also birthed seemingly opposed viewpoints like the libertarianism of Max Stirner.
When you understood Hegel before you ever read it.
Acts 17:27-28 KJV
That they should seek the Lord, if haply they might feel after him, and find him, though he be not far from every one of us: [28] For in him we live, and move, and have our being; as certain also of your own poets have said, For we are also his offspring.
Paul’s saying we live in the Geist which is God and he is a solipsist.
20:00
Would love to get his views on Kant
I love Sugrue's ventriloquism of Hegel: "You think [the phenomenological world] is the product of your *little* mind, don't you? *Nay!* Your little mind, and all this other stuff is the product of *one big mind!*"
I don't quite understand where Hegel's philosophy end and where Marx's one begins, so please, correct me if I'm wrong.
How does the Geist solves the question of the existence of the things-in-themselves? By “uniting” both the noumenon and the subjective perceiver under the same rule of the Geist, which is the concrete absolute and its own manifestation by the natural process of human intellectual progress. This process is shaped by materialism, which would be some sort of “physical branch” of the Geist: its current and also historic expression of the absolute, bound by material “concretude”. In a way, there's an idea of determinism here, because humanity could only do so much with the knowledge it currently possesses, hence the naturalism, or notion that the progress is necessary - because man inhabits his own temporal space, he “heirs” his circumstances and thus, his potential would be predictable.
Then Marx comes in and states that materialism gives "birth" to the Geist, and not the other way around. The very Geist can be controlled/directed by the ownners of the means of production, inverting the dialectic materialism: instead of the Geist giving rise to advances for humanity (culminating in the materialism), a few rich and powerful control and shape the Geist Itself, by controlling the very means of production, which are the means by which the Geist manifests itself.
In summary, Marx immanentized the Geist (assuming that spirituality is, by definition, akin to transcendence, and that immanence is emerged from materialism/naturalistic ontology).
Sorry if it sounds confusing. Again, I ask for help on understanding all this.
Is the Geist analogous to the idea of the Dao?
I'm always looking for new interesting lectures on Psychology/Philosophy, please let me know if you guys have any recommendations, would be highly appreciated
You can find an audiobook version of Plato's The Republic on YT. When read aloud, the dialogue that is the entire text plays out similar to a podcast format. Much easier to comprehend IMO
I wonder how Hegel would respond to the adage that "history repeats itself." For example, if the master-slave dialectic was supposedly overcome and replaced by stoicism (later skepticism) in the Unhappy Consciousness phase, how did we end up with a similar dynamic much later in the 16th century in the form of the transatlantic slave trade? I'm probably missing something here, but it seems to me that recent history has produced historical events (think fascism, totalitarianism, etc.) as well as forms of consciousness (especially religious) that Hegel seems to associate with periods that precede his own time. I think this is part of the reason why the Leftist reading of Hegel is relatively more popular because it downplays the teleological elements of his account (save for Marxism) in favor of the critical dimensions, like the idea that the self is socially constructed and that Truth is found within the self (cognitively) rather than in the external world, which is basically psychology.
I know its been a while since you posted but let me try to give you a brief help. The thing is that the Phenomenology of Geist is not really a Philosophy of History (for that Hegel has other lectures). The more precise relationship between History and the Phenomenology of Geist is that the notions for each stage of Geist appears in history and thus reveals Geist's own relation to itself: its ontology. So the overcoming of the master-slave dialect, as the example you brought, is not a historical overcoming per se but an ontological one in the sense that Stoicism reveals the necessary relations that compose and make it necessarily related to the alienation that arises out of the master and slave relationship. The development of the Phenomenology is the development of how the basic presuppositions of consciousness about the object of knowing come to be, how they relate to each other, how they are finite and to be overcome (or more accurately aufhebung) up until Geist knows about its own knowing of its object: Absolute Knowing. That is, when Geist finally knows that all this time, all these presuppositions it had about its own knowing were itself and not an external object. This is the unity of subject and object. The book is not primarily about history. History is the medium through which Geist undergoes this self-education, its in it that Geist empties itself into. Hope this helps shine some light on the issue. Cheers!
Wonderfully explained
Thank you
@@Lucas-tl4tb @Lucas-tl4tb Thanks for your insightful response, Lucas. I did not mean to collapse the unfolding of Geist and the unfolding of history. That they are different is somewhat clear to me. What I find perplexing is our tendency to dissociate the phenomenology of Geist from ourselves as phenomenological beings. I find that there's a temptation to understand and explain Geist purely on its own (ontological?) terms as a concept wholly unrelated to us (as acting and thinking beings) and to project it onto a foreign consciousness that can be addressed without reference to our relationship to it. This approach conveniently absolves or exempts us from using any 'human' metrics to gauge the validity of this development based on how we experience our own consciousness evolving and manifesting or reflecting on its trajectory thus far. It's hard to find a similar quality in other 'Western' branches of philosophy that are impervious to critique in this way. Most of them are built on assumptions and premises that can actually be reexamined based on the development of knowledge since then, but I can't help but feel a suspicious bargain with the Phenomenology that makes the understanding of Geist contingent on its ontological separation from anything we routinely rely on to understand ourselves and the world around us. For some reason, I find it easier to comprehend Heidegger's Dasein than Hegel's Geist, because the former is continuously traced back to our existential reality as people who care and think and act and feel, despite presumably capturing an 'ontological' condition. With Geist, I get the quasi-religious impression (which I'm happy to revise) that a certain extent of the world can only be grasped once the human is removed from the equation, which, needless to say, is a very dangerous presupposition that undermines our capacity to think for ourselves and question things, even if they seem so complex and absolute as Gesit.
Whatever got into Hegel got into me. I'm not as smart or learned as he was. But I do know about something he did not.
This is great! What would be the best first book to read (and hopefully understand) of Hegel’s theological philosophy?
"Early Theological Writings" is the title you need
@@dr.michaelsugrue wonderful, thanks for your reply!
There really isn't a problem of idealism except taxation. Horses will always limp for some reason.
35:43 felt this Nietzsche reference in my fucking bones
To have a time to think
Not serve those whom had money for time to think
IDEALISTIC Worlds.
To have time for thought .
The etymology of " School " is rooted in Greek for the word for leisure, free time.
@@pedrorojascervantes3928 thanks
Having time to gain knowledge or create masterpiece isn't always available.
@@kimsherlock8969 Yes, we are kept busy in a world that seems to be kept in a perpetual fundamental scarecity.
TIKHistory does a good expose on Hegel’s nonsense
That’s what got me here too.