Microtubule is a much more complex molecule. The building block of this protein is a dimer called tubulin, which is composed of two sub units: α-tubulin and β-tubulin. α-tubulin and β- tubulin form a filamentous chain called “protofilament”. Microtubules are built by arranging 13 such protofilaments around an empty core. This gives rise to a tube-like construction (hence the name microtubule), which is stiffer, longer and wider than actin. Microtubules have a distinct organizing site called the “centrosome”. Microtubule polymerization begins at this organelle. The end where faster polymerization occurs is called the plus terminus. The end where slower polymerization takes place is called the minus end. Microtubules grow from the centrosome towards the membrane, by anchoring their minus end to the organelle. Once microtubules reach the membrane they detach from the centrosome and create a highly dynamic network. The formation of this network is assisted by a group of proteins with microtubule binding domains called Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAP). -Creative BioMart
That's exactly the kind of information I was looking for in this video, nonetheless it was a fantastic video, gave me more info than my professors did lol
Interpolar microtubules are connected to the interpolar microtubules of the other MTOC. Kinetochor microtubulues bind the kinetochors. So I learned it that way, too.
There is a mistake in your video. Interpolar microtubules are antiparallel microtubules that originate from opposite poles, and overlap at the midzone of mitotic spindles. They don't attach to kinetochores. The ones you showed are kinetochore microtubules. Would be good to make it clear that there 3 types of microtubules taking part during mitosis and they all have different functions.
There is a mistake in your video. The 'interpolar' microtubules in the video are actually kinetochore microtubules. The interpolar microtubules extend from opposite poles and meet each other somewhere around the center where they overlap and associate with motor proteins.
9:19 I think there is something incorrect, in the 9+2 arrangement of the basal body the central microtubules are NOT paired as the other ones (1 complete and 1 incomplete microtubule, who attach each other). Indeed, the central "pair" is more like TWO SEPERATE and both complete microtubules, just connected by a bridge and not direcly attaching, as your drawing suggests. Pls correct me if I'm wrong.
Both the mitotic spindle and the interphase cytoskeleton are formed from rapidly tuning-over microtubule populations with half lives of less than a few minutes, which grow from and shrink towards the microtubule organizing centres.
How do u spell dionene correct way and what would happen of some consumes more then that is required by the body and where is it devised from plants or animal what is the structure of it compound element ? What would happen if tubular over grow do that me brain mass grows
Tnx for the teaching but signals did not go back they go forward from d dendrite to the axon terminal and then d axon terminal takes received signal to another neuron and so on continuously,,,,tnx again ma'am
How do most cells transport vesicles? Just in the cytosol, no railroads? Also what holds the organelles of a cell (nucleus ER, etc) in place? Is that microtubules?
Reminded me of school again. Lots of labelling of parts less actual explaining of how stuff actually works. Are those tubules in the neuron as she calls them "tracks" transporting electrical signals? Or something else.
kimura kano No electrical signals aren't "transported" and the tracks that she showed are within the cell. The actual electrical signals that neurons transmit are passed in its plasma membrane through a complex process involving ion channels.
Can be taken OOf. I love the accent
I feel like Harley Quinn is teaching me cellular A&P. It’s appropriate
oof
UOFF
omg mee too
Bacaaaauuuse
I learned more in 13 minutes of your video than in 2 weeks of class, thank you very much!
maybe because you were playing to candy crush instead of listenning the teacher ? ( I am joking)
Microtubule is a much more complex molecule. The building block of this protein is a dimer called tubulin, which is composed of two sub units: α-tubulin and β-tubulin. α-tubulin and β- tubulin form a filamentous chain called “protofilament”. Microtubules are built by arranging 13 such protofilaments around an empty core. This gives rise to a tube-like construction (hence the name microtubule), which is stiffer, longer and wider than actin. Microtubules have a distinct organizing site called the “centrosome”. Microtubule polymerization begins at this organelle. The end where faster polymerization occurs is called the plus terminus. The end where slower polymerization takes place is called the minus end. Microtubules grow from the centrosome towards the membrane, by anchoring their minus end to the organelle. Once microtubules reach the membrane they detach from the centrosome and create a highly dynamic network. The formation of this network is assisted by a group of proteins with microtubule binding domains called Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAP).
-Creative BioMart
That's exactly the kind of information I was looking for in this video, nonetheless it was a fantastic video, gave me more info than my professors did lol
Hey! May I know at what standard are you studying these Microtubules and stuffs? And from which country are you studying?😁
great...thankuu soo much...this helped me a lot.....stay blessed
Thanks
You sound like you grew up in New York but now live in Canada
Kevin Bennett My thought exactly
Error at 3:13, centrosomes do not duplicate during mitosis, they duplicate during the S phase.
You 're right!
it duplicates in G2
DNA duplicate in s phase not centrosome
@@lukehoising6401 S phase of interphase along with DNA not during G2, microtubules are made during G2
Correct me if I'm wrong, but aren't interpolar microtubules the ones that do not attache to kinetochores, but go from one MTOC directly to the other?
Interpolar microtubules are connected to the interpolar microtubules of the other MTOC. Kinetochor microtubulues bind the kinetochors. So I learned it that way, too.
All I got from this video was “OOOF” lol cool accent
Great work Efrat! New York accent? I love it how you say "beezlebaddies"
There is a mistake in your video. Interpolar microtubules are antiparallel microtubules that originate from opposite poles, and overlap at the midzone of mitotic spindles. They don't attach to kinetochores. The ones you showed are kinetochore microtubules. Would be good to make it clear that there 3 types of microtubules taking part during mitosis and they all have different functions.
Thanks
Centrosome is absent in plants....how spindle fibers are formed in them
Why is it 9+2? It should be 9+1
Brooklyn ? Queens ?? ...haha
Shouldn't it be cawled the 9 +1 arrangement?
Love the jersey accent. Great video :)
it's new york
Time saving explanation... thank you so much
I liked her accent, but it took a while for me to understand when she was saying "anchoring" at 4:09 xD
There is a mistake in your video. The 'interpolar' microtubules in the video are actually kinetochore microtubules. The interpolar microtubules extend from opposite poles and meet each other somewhere around the center where they overlap and associate with motor proteins.
A great presentation that takes a very dry textbook concept and makes is simple to understand and grasp.
9:19 I think there is something incorrect, in the 9+2 arrangement of the basal body the central microtubules are NOT paired as the other ones (1 complete and 1 incomplete microtubule, who attach each other). Indeed, the central "pair" is more like TWO SEPERATE and both complete microtubules, just connected by a bridge and not direcly attaching, as your drawing suggests. Pls correct me if I'm wrong.
Anyone here to understand orchestrated objective reduction?
Just a small correction doesnt the microtubule arise from the pericentriolar material rather then then centriole ??
understood all the basic concepts .. cleared my head with all the doubts by watching your video..thank u !!
URGENCY QUESTION: in the fungi, how chromosoms move in their nucleuses?
does the strips of duke transformed from cytoplasm to nucleus?
I dont know if her accent is NYC or NJ, but I love it
This teacher makes everything so clear. Anyone knows her channel, please? I want to subscribe.
Wish i had a teacher like you at highschool...very well explained....
plzzz what aplication do you use ???
I thought Centrosome wasn't an organelle? 2:12
why are there no more detailed videos on this :(
You are great.
Thank you so much.
I’m only 14 😭😭😭😭
Both the mitotic spindle and the interphase cytoskeleton are formed from rapidly tuning-over microtubule populations with half lives of less than a few minutes, which grow from and shrink towards the microtubule organizing centres.
Fast and furious
This vedio is very helpful for all of us who want to know more about microtubules very descriptively or elaborately...
kind of vague.i still dint get the main functios of microtubules
How do u spell dionene correct way and what would happen of some consumes more then that is required by the body and where is it devised from plants or animal what is the structure of it compound element ?
What would happen if tubular over grow do that me brain mass grows
Tnx for the teaching but signals did not go back they go forward from d dendrite to the axon terminal and then d axon terminal takes received signal to another neuron and so on continuously,,,,tnx again ma'am
Isnt the 2x Centriole at right angle known as a Centrosome?
Strings + sticks = strix. Microtubule mem
Great illustration. I must point out that the centromere and kinetochore lead the motion, not the arm of the chromatids as illustrated.
ngithande nje izwi lakho ntokazi yomngisi....i learnt a lot from this video, thanks!
Gonzalez William Jones Edward Jackson Jason
Thanks a lot..i pass the test because of your video 🤧🤧
Got 15/16 🤗
Very well presented. It is very helpful when so many details are presented in a way that is easy to retain. Thank you for a great video lesson.
I learned about microtubules AND Canadian accents today. Thank you!
Thanks it helps me a lot !!!!
does this come up on the grade 12 course or biology 30? im in process of needed to redo mine dont wanna waste my time learning it, if i dont need to
How do most cells transport vesicles? Just in the cytosol, no railroads? Also what holds the organelles of a cell (nucleus ER, etc) in place? Is that microtubules?
Intermediate filaments hold the cell together I think, and the railroads you talk about, are microfilaments.
Since when does Harley Quinn teach a microbiology class?
you must be from Jersey with that accent !!!
Clear accent , and explaining ,, choose this kind of people to explain the session
This is a phenomenal video! Well done! Thank you so much!1
now i understand the paclitaxol and the other taxols mechanism of action thank you so much
Reminded me of school again. Lots of labelling of parts less actual explaining of how stuff actually works. Are those tubules in the neuron as she calls them "tracks" transporting electrical signals? Or something else.
kimura kano No electrical signals aren't "transported" and the tracks that she showed are within the cell. The actual electrical signals that neurons transmit are passed in its plasma membrane through a complex process involving ion channels.
Cilia and flagella 9 + 2
Centriole 9 + 0
isnt it kinetOchore
Can also grow by branching, not just linearly
very good video if u are student who got exam 2 days after
we actually say "2 days from now". The Word "After", makes it seem like you are studying after the exam has already ended.
Is astonishing how much information is wrong on this internet
great work
kinetochore is spelt wrong, she spelt it with an i rather than an o
Thank you so much!
I love the way you say because
if microtubules are dynamic then how is their structure studied
waht is kinetichore ,i didn't get it
This is a very helpful video of an otherwise very confusing subject. Thanks
What's this app u use for drawing?
That's a lot of protein names to remember
Wow!!!
One of the best khanvideo I have ever seen.
This is so incorrect!
This girl’s from Brooklyn!?
Thank you for this video.
This is so helpful for my AP Bio test!!! Thank you!!!
Hi is your degree finished...??
Kudos to Lynn Margulis
wow- one of the best Khan Academy videos I've watched. thank you so much!
slay video
you are great at teaching, thank you
Thank you
Let me clear,, During synthesis phase(a phase of interphases) do the whole centrosome become double or only centriole become double?
Whole centrosome
@@kashish291_0 thanks
beecwuas
Neat :)
An excellent class.
Thank you so much, this video helped me a lot for a presentation!
Excellent clear clearest yet
Pgli
Lovely accent. 🤩
this was actually pretty good
Well explained.
It is very clear 💗 thank you so much.
I'm so grateful for this!
thank you efrat, its really helpful x
this was a good job well done
thank u so much buddy..... :)
Great!! Thank you!! One correction: kinetOchore* (it's spelt with O, not I) :S
I just loved this video😍😍😭😭
Hi
thank you, you are a lifesaver
Extremely helpful
5:06 is this inside a cell or a nucleus?
This is a cell..