Garota de Ipanema (The Girl From Ipanema) - Bossa Nova Guitar Lesson #13: Musical Articulation
Вставка
- Опубліковано 23 сер 2024
- Bossa Nova Guitar Lesson #13: Musical articulation
in:
Garota de Ipanema (The Girl From Ipanema) - Antonio Carlos Jobim - Vinícius de Moraes
as played by João Gilberto on album Getz/Gilberto from 1963.
View lesson text at www.bossanovagu...
Guitar score sheet is available on / bossanovaguitar
You may also support the creation of bossa nova guitar video lessons by donating to www.paypal.me/...
Video by bossanovaguitar.com, 2016
Visit bossanovaguitar... for more free lessons
NOTE: There is are 2 typos in chord diagrams:
- at 2:03 the fret number shown on a diagram should be 5 instead of 4
- at 2:11 Db6/9 is played, while D6/9 is displayed in chord diagram
If you're blocking UA-cam ads please donate some small amount to www.paypal.me/bossanovaguitar
bossanovaguitar I watched your video so many times so I think I do not have to donate.
Of course you don't have to :) Just keep watching...
They way you designed this with the cords and rhythmic patterns is excellent. I'll try to donate something.
Magnifico 😉👍
Vico Rodriguez Vázquez enen yen de el
Finally, a tutorial that I didnt have to yell at to stop talking and just show me already.
Haha, I must have been thinking of you when I designed those lessons. Thanks!
I know right.
I relate to that..drives me nuts
No kidding. Bossanovaguitar just gave an awesome lesson, with close-up pictures, chord charts and musical terms, in under 3 minutes! The same lesson would have taken 15-20 minutes for some of these guys Great comment, and great lesson!
Exectly 🙂
This has got to be the best guitar lesson format on UA-cam. It's nice to be able to pick up the spicy chords in real time as opposed to waiting twenty minutes to hear someone explain each voicing.
Thanks a lot!
Yes, exactly! I’m not working towards a degree in jazz guitar when I‘m on UA-cam lol
Hi. As a Brazillian i would like to say that it's wonderful to know that there are people who love our contry's music.
Thanks! There are plenty of those all around the world. Music has no boundaries.
I'm an American and I adore bossa nova! I lived in Rio de Janeiro for two years. The people, the music, and the magic of that place is amazing. Your country has some of the greatest music on earth. I'm currently listening to Ferrugem a lot! Já ouviu do Ferrugem?
Its the best music!
Bossanova is known everywhere since decades, everybody know this song. As a guitarist in italy, i play Tom Jobim
From the days of Jobim, I have loved Brazilian music, to include Sergio Mendes. I have the fullest intention of learning these songs.
This is awesome. Thank you very much. I'll make some timestamps here for myself, but feel free to use them.
0:10 - Legato introduction
0:36 - Staccato beginning
1:02 - Start
Glad you like it! Thanks!
I appreciate that you aren't talking down to us and going super slow through a note to note explanation....
Yes, I wouldn't want to waste anyone's time with lengthy description. If anyone's interested in a bit of theory this is explained on my website bossanovaguitar.com
Thank you for your post.
I’m sorry but being too righteous to listen to someone that’s talking down to you is the number one most common failure in the music industry
@@MiloMcCarthyMusic I think he was talking about being glad that there's nothing of such things:
1. Really bad and way too long intro of his own channel
2. "Hi guys, in this video I'm gonna show you..." after 5 minutes "But without further ado, let's dive straight into it.."
3. TV like presentation of the song and it's history
4. Note by note explanation "...and then you put your pinky finger on the 6th fret of the D string.."
5. "Thanks for watching, guys, please don't forget to like & subscribe. Also support me on patreon. Check out my new merch."
@@80sMeavyHetal fair enough I agree with that part, although I stand by my point that all the higher ups in the music industry are stupidly condescending yet you can’t afford to take offence. You have to play along with their little games until you work your way up to their level at which point you don’t have to deal with it anymore. It’s a very toxic environment.
@@MiloMcCarthyMusic In my opinion you can't take people serious who act like that. You don't have to take part in this game, music / art is no competition.
The dream to be commercially successful as an honest musician without selling out and signing a dubious contract died at least since the mid 90s.
Definitely the best UA-cam tutorial I’ve ever seen. No rubbish talking, not a second wasted and all needful information at hand. Brilliant. This should be the law.
That's very kind of you, thank you!
Hey! I'm brazilian and very proud of seeing our music being teached with that amount of quality!
I also feel very proud whenever I receive such a wonderful post, especially when those come from Brazil. Muito obrigado!
Ok, but you say "taught"
@Danny Esse really? There was no need for that.
Saudos desde Argentina, irmãos!
...And in true João Gilberto violão gago acoustic guitar-playing style!
This is a complete package. It shows the guitar player everything. I really appreciate your attention to the rhythm, the right-hand technique. I haven't seen another tutorial that shows it so clearly. I'm not big into musical notation, but I see now how helpful it is, rhythmically.
1:02 short intro
1 :10 verse 1 starts :)
1:40 the chorus starts :)
great tutorial.. very straight and time saving
Thanks!
I agree with previous messages, this the best tutorial I've found and sound is really like original song. No useless speech. I think I just saw a small error on the Bb7/-5 that is starting on 5th row not on 4th. Otherwise it doesn't sound very well. I suppose you did it on purpose to see if we are aware !
A really great video. The box with the rhythmic articulations is excellent! Never seen anyone do this before and it's brilliant.
That's exactly why I did it. Besides, the rhythm is really essential for playing bossa nova. Thank you very much for your nice comment!
Best guitar lessons on You Tube... Thanks for all your hard work...
Thank you for your kind comments!
Yea, this was great!
Thank you very much! I feel like you've given me "the keys" to that song, in more than one sense! And the chords are really so simple, almost minimalistic, and put together by a genious!
You're welcome and thanks for sharing your thoughts.
It sounds exactly like in the song. Lovely.
That was the general idea behind these videos. Thank you very much for pointing this out.
Love it.. finally after years of wanting to learn properly, here you are...many blessings!
You're welcome. Thanks for your post.
I was 9 or 10 years old when the U.S. was first introduced to Mr. Jobim’s ground breaking Girl from Ipanema. I fell hard for the rhythms and the gentle, languid melodies that came with the several Bossa Nova tunes that followed. Through the decades, I learned to appreciate other Latin styles of music, as well. The singular difference for me with Bossa Nova is the ability to play the music and achieve total success with just a guitar. As of today, I finally have been introduced to this channel. Thank you for the excellent instruction you’ve provided here!
You're welcome. I'm glad that it works for you.
Olha que coisa mais linda, mais cheia de graça
É ela a menina que vem e que passa
Num doce balanço a caminho do mar
Moça do corpo dourado do sol de Ipanema
O seu balançado é mais que um poema
É a coisa mais linda que eu já vi passar
Ah, por que estou tão sozinho?
Ah, por que tudo é tão triste?
Ah, a beleza que existe
A beleza que não é só minha
Que também passa sozinha
Ah, se ela soubesse
Que quando ela passa
O mundo sorrindo se enche de graça
E fica mais lindo por causa do amor
Thanks!
A timeless classic and so lovely to play, many thanks.
You're welcome. Thanks for your comment.
Brilliant. There's thousands of versions of this on YT but this is the only one that gets it right.
Glad you like it! Thank you very much!
This is how tutorial ahould be done, to the point, muchos gracias
Thank you very much!
bossanovaguitar, thank you so much for this tutorial. I've been searching for the real chords to this song since last December. Sites like ultimateguitar just don't cut it, and the chords themselves don't sound good. This channel is truly a gold mine for bossa nova. I'm really excited to look at your Corcovado video as well. Thanks for making this video such a good experience, writing the chords down in the corner of the screen, and displaying the strum pattern. Such a gem.
Glad it was helpful! Most chord sites are run by bots, you can't rely on that. Thank you for sharing your experience!
Ahora en "cuarentena" he vuelto a tocar guitarra, aprendiendo esta bellísima canción gracias a ti :)
Saludos desde Chile, buen trabajo!
Muchas gracias.
Most lessons on UA-cam are flashy but don't have much substance. I tend to like the more no-nonsense lessons like the ones you're uploading. Thank you very much for learning me how to play bossa!
You're welcome. I share your thoughts about most lessons. Thanks for your message.
Thanks for the video. I'm actually learning to play this song on a piano, not on a guitar, but your video has more accurate chords than the piano tutorials I saw.
This guy's going to be how I learn chords. Love his work!
BTW, I discovered your channel a couple weeks before Astrud passed away. This particular video came up naturally as I searched for this song. Thank you for creating this. It is a pleasure to play this song now.
how is this not common practice format for youtube tutorials?! So easy to follow and find what you need. Thanks.
Toda una bella interpretaciòn instrumental de esta famosa melodìa brasileña.
Muchas gracias.
What a clarity of video and teaching technic. Great. I just love it. Thanks Sir
Thank you so much!
You got such great swing on the rhythm.
Thank you very much!
Best UA-cam lesson for this song. Not even close, folks.
That's very kind of you, thank you very much!
Video di "bossa" molto istruttivo ,per un brano musicale immortale.Grazie Maestro.Alla prossima.
Domenico,to Milan(Italy)
Grazie mille!
Someone that understands simplicity is very rare and you my friend are a champ at it, at the same time very talented 👍
I appreciate that! Thank you very much for being so kind!
Excellent video. So easy to connect your playing with the note durations shown. Thank you.
Thanks alot, a couple members of my family play piano and sax, can't wait to try this song with them
Thank you very much for putting this tutorial up! I just love bossa on guitar!
You're welcome, thanks for posting!
So easy to understand! THANK YOU! I love it! Great Job!!!
You're welcome. Thanks for your post.
uma excelente aula de qualidade muito orbigado por disponibilizar suas aulas no youtube abraços
Muito obrigado. Abraços!
Super clear. You have every bit of information. Best tutorial and layout with text and camera. Well done bro
Thanks a lot!. Two cameras setup did take a lot of time though, with all the white balancing and other crappy digital stuff. BTW, some extraordinary performances you have there on your channel. Playing Schubert while talking to a passer by... Congratulations!
Great work! Appreciating your work for years. Thank you very much for sharing your knowledge.
Many thanks. Stay tuned as there is a lot more to come soon.
[Verso 1: João Gilberto] (min 1:10)
Olha que coisa mais linda, mais cheia de graça
É ela a menina que vem e que passa
Num doce balanço a caminho do mar
Moça do corpo dourado do sol de Ipanema
O seu balançado é mais que um poema
É a coisa mais linda que eu já vi passar
[Refrão: João Gilberto]
Ah, por que estou tão sozinho?
Ah, por que tudo é tão triste?
Ah, a beleza que existe
A beleza que não é só minha
Que também passa sozinha
[Verso 2: João Gilberto]
Ah, se ela soubesse
Que quando ela passa
O mundo sorrindo se enche de graça
E fica mais lindo por causa do amor
[Verse 1: Astrud Gilberto]
Tall and tan and young and lovely
The girl from Ipanema goes walking
And when she passes, each one she passes goes "ah!"
When she walks she's like a samba that
Swings so cool and sways so gently
That when she passes, each one she passes goes "ah!"
[Chorus: Astrud Gilberto]
Oh, but he watches her so sadly
How can he tell her he loves her?
Yes, he would give his heart gladly
But each day when she walks to the sea
She looks straight ahead not at he
[Verse 2: Astrud Gilberto]
Tall and tan and young and lovely
The girl from Ipanema goes walking
And when she passes he smiles
But she doesn't see
[Instrumental]
[Chorus: Astrud Gilberto]
Oh, but he sees her so sadly
How can he tell her he loves her?
Yes, he would give his heart gladly
But each day when she walks to the sea
She looks straight ahead not at he
[Verse 2: Astrud Gilberto]
Tall and tan and young and lovely
The girl from Ipanema goes walking
And when she passes he smiles
But she doesn't see
[Outro]
She just doesn't see
No, she doesn't see
But she doesn't see
She doesn't see
No, she doesn't see
Thanks!
First guitar lesson who’s not boring
Very nicely put. I'm really glad. Thank you for your post,
Now that i’m following you, i think i’ll learn bossa nova with you
+Gamaliel Henri I have only learned through him!! He is the BEST and now I LOOOOVE playing bossa nova!!! Thank you!!!!
I always wonder how Antonio chose to use those super complicated chords and still made a beautiful song with them
For years i thout that i know how to play this songe, and now i see that i got it all wrong! very exited to learn the proper way to play this amazing song. Thank you!
Enjoy playing and thanks for your input!
There is no 'proper' way. There are only different ways. The standard Fmaj7/Fsharp7flat5 is also valid.
Très belle leçon. Clair et net avec de très beaux accords qui sonnent super; on s'y voit sur la plage d'Ipanema !
Merci!
thank you very much, I believe this is the right way to play it. excellent visual setup!
Thanks for your input. Yes, there are many different versions of this song. This video is related to the most famous version recorded on Getz/GIlberto album.
Great lesson, I was really struggling with the fingerings, you showed me really convenient ways to play those chords
Thank you!
Subscibed because you got straight to the point. Your lesson is clear and easy to understand. No long introduction as to how valuable your guitar is or introducing yourself as a ‘personality’. Thank you…
From Australia, thanksssss very much, all this years we will playing wrong!
You're welcome. There's nothing wrong about playing the song in a different way. This lesson is made upon Joao Gilberto's version, while Jobim himself played this song with different chords. While I do prefer Gilberto's version, the main reason I chose that one is because it was exactly the version that secured the international recognition of Garota de Ipanema as well as bossa nova style in general. Thanks for sharing your thoughts.
Verso 1: João Gilberto]
Olha que coisa mais linda, mais cheia de graça
É ela a menina que vem e que passa
Num doce balanço a caminho do mar
Moça do corpo dourado do sol de Ipanema
O seu balançado é mais que um poema
É a coisa mais linda que eu já vi passar
[Refrão: João Gilberto]
Ah, por que estou tão sozinho?
Ah, por que tudo é tão triste?
Ah, a beleza que existe
A beleza que não é só minha
Que também passa sozinha
[Verso 2: João Gilberto]
Ah, se ela soubesse
Que quando ela passa
O mundo sorrindo se enche de graça
E fica mais lindo por causa do amor
[Verse 1: Astrud Gilberto]
Tall and tan and young and lovely
The girl from Ipanema goes walking
And when she passes, each one she passes goes "ah!"
When she walks she's like a samba that
Swings so cool and sways so gently
That when she passes, each one she passes goes "ah!"
[Chorus: Astrud Gilberto]
Oh, but he watches her so sadly
How can he tell her he loves her?
Yes, he would give his heart gladly
But each day when she walks to the sea
She looks straight ahead not at he
[Verse 2: Astrud Gilberto]
Tall and tan and young and lovely
The girl from Ipanema goes walking
And when she passes he smiles
But she doesn't see
[Instrumental]
[Chorus: Astrud Gilberto]
Oh, but he sees her so sadly
How can he tell her he loves her?
Yes, he would give his heart gladly
But each day when she walks to the sea
She looks straight ahead not at he
[Verse 2: Astrud Gilberto]
Tall and tan and young and lovely
The girl from Ipanema goes walking
And when she passes he smiles
But she doesn't see
Thanks!
Beautifull rythm patterns!Thank you for sharing!
AULA MARAVILHOSA. VC TOCA MUITO BEM . MUITO OBRIGADO. HARMONIA NOTA 10. JOAO GILBERTO VAI DEIXAR SAUDADES. QUE ELE DESCANSE EM PAZ!
Muito obrigado!
Great video, such a perfect format for guitar instruction as well. Thank you very much
Very kind of you, thank you very much!
amazing. I won't be bloking ads from now on. also i will donate towards your craft. amazing tutorial !
Thank you very much, I'm very grateful.
Thanks I really enjoy this song and the way that you teach is awesome!
You're very welcome! Thank you for your post!
From south america..a excelent teacher
Thank you very much!
thanx a mill! Ive just started to learn guitar and I swear THis one's gonna be my second song to play ever in my life.
Wise choice. Good luck and thanks for posting here.
Im working on it. Once again, thanks for your sharing. I really mean it.
You're welcome! Let me know if you need help.
Annotation error in Bb7/-5 chord (5th should be indicated instead of the 4th fret). This Is my favourite version. Thanks for contributing with this excellent tutorial.
Yes, I know, can't correct that anymore. Thanks for pointing this and thanks for nice words.
Love it! Just what I was looking for because I learned it many years ago in a different way and I think this is much better. Thank you!
You're welcome! Glad you like it!
Thank you so much for this video. Very talented and patient teacher. Quality video. I barely know any theory and I'm still learning from this video lol
This is as good as I could get as a recommendation. I'm glad it works for you and I do hope many more people will be able to plays bossa nova as a result of my lessons. Thank you very much!
Fantastic tutorial!! Thank you so much for the amazing work! Beautiful rhythm explained super clearly!
Thank you. I'm really glad that people like yourself find these lessons useful.
MAN im having hard times every time you release a new video
Ďakujem. What's so hard about it?
Thousands times THANKS...!!! Great lesson..!!,
You're welcome. Thanks for your post!
Thank you so much for making this easy to follow lesson!!!
Very precise step to step guitar phrasing and for the first time I discover the true original chords of this immortal song (I think) . I prefer this version than the one on the "Songbook". Suscribed. Muito obrigado.
Yes, it's Gilberto's version that differs from Jobim's version that is often printed in songbooks. Thank you very much!
Really nice, thank you ! The way your display the rythm with hands is perfect, so much better than the previous video i watch.
Many thanks. I'm really glad you find it useful.
o melhor arranjo dessa musica pra mim, do disco getz/gilberto, obrigado!!
De nada!
THIS is exactly I was looking for. Perfect tutorial.
I'm glad you've found it. Thank you for the kind words.
Gracias por tanto!!!, desde Argentina♡ Saludos y cariño.
De nada! Muchas gracias!
at 2:04 is not 4th fret, its 5th, good job man!!
Yes, that's already be pointed and I commented on this in song description. Thanks for your post.
I still don't get it, should it be 4th or 5th? The correction in the video says 4th fret but you are playing 5th.
@@Msarvik in the video description, he said it's on the 5th
Good grace, took me 30 minutes to nail the stakkato,will take me days to get it stabilized ;D
Just keep practicing, that's an important skill. Thanks!
AMEI. OBRIGADA, POR TER MOSTRADO O RITMO NA PAUTA.FICA MAIS FÁCIL DE SE APRENDER. BOA SEMANA.
Muito obrigado!
This tutorial gave me hope about playing this song!
Thank you!
Thank you very much for all the cool lessons, it is a fantastic job and very well explained! Thanks again!
The best lesson ever
That's very kind of you. Thanks!
Tutorial perfecto,preciso,concreto,fácil de entender.Felicidades
Tutoriel parfait, précis, concret, facile à comprendre, félicitations.
Perfect tutorial, precise, concrete, easy to understand, congratulations.
Great lesson...nice to show left and right hands to properly illustrate the song...in its original key I might add!
Thanks a lot!
Gracias por este tutorial!! esta es una joya de canción que uno debe aprender si ama de verdad la buena música y la aprecia com tal!!..gracias de verdad!..la voy a estudiar y practicar...felicitaciones por este excelente video!!
Gracias!
VALEUUUUUU PARABENSSSSSS!!!!!!! Que hermoso suenan esos tonos .Disonantes y que difíciles jajajajaa Felicitaciones Me gustó mucho. Gracias por compartirlo.Saludos Cordiales desde Buenos Aires Argentina.
Muchas gracias!
Tô aprendendo muito.
A divisão correta das células.
Muito bom.
Muito obrigado!
Fucking amazing. Can not believe this is free.
Only if you don't watch the ads :o) Thanks for your post!
that was always my dream to play and sing that song that i play professionnally on sax when asked. i am obsessed by it since i heard it at age 4... Thanks to your very clear video, after 3 months guitar i can almost play it(i mean i started to learn guitar 3 months ago). Best videos to learn guitar i ever found, and beautifully recorded too. Eternally gratefull for that! If I ever i manage to play it well enough, i want to show you what you contributed to as I intend to record myself at some point :) I hope that you are well rewarded by youtube .
regards
Alain
Glad you like it and thanks you for being kind! Recording yourself is a very good practice routine. Hope I'll hear you play it some day. Can you play sax in Stan Getz style?
Do one on Doralice! It's my favorite
I did. It's here: ua-cam.com/video/Al08qcJ9AVw/v-deo.html
Thank you for asking.
This is a wonderful tutorial....no argument there....however...the Jobim tune, the music and scenes of Brazil, what the prime attributes are, and the many ways that guitar players interpret and choose to voice chord progressions to capture this song....they are all deserving of videos and subject matter content which would make interesting educational exploration. Lastly, the players or artists that made this song a hit in the USA many, many years ago are another chapter in the Jobim and Ipanema story worth discussion and celebration. Ipanema, the song, covered by Getz and Gilberto, has to be one of the most soothing and tranquilizing pieces of music ever recorded.....truly bellisomo.....
Brasil thanks.... obrigado.
De nada! Thanks for posting here.
This is really good for rhythmic training.
Thank you very much.
Much love
Thanks a lot!
Thank you very much for the lesson!!
At 2:11 is it a D69/A as its written in the diagram?
I think you playing Db69/G#
Thanks again, really appreciate it!
Yes, you're right, it's Db6/9/G#.. Thank you for your correction and your comment. Stay tuned, more lessons are coming soon.
i thought it was a flat six nine.
@@bossanovaguitar Thanks for a fantastic lesson. I was just checking the comments to see if anyone else had noticed the Db6/9/G# also being described as Db6/9/Ab, and as I had expected someone has. This might not be an error, but rather an acutely accurate way of denoting the music. If a Melodic Minor or a Harmonic Minor scale is applied to the music you will get instances where two or more chord names are applicable to one set of notes. This can cause much confusion and argument.
The notes indicated for the chord of Db6/9/G# do not actually include the note of Db, but that doesn't mean that it can't be such a chord. In my opinion it really should be referred to as Db6/9/Ab, or maybe C#6/9/G# as you should avoid mixing sharps and flats together whenever possible. The notes are A#, D#, F, and G#, or also known as Bb, Eb. F, and Ab; seeing how the chord is defined as Db we really ought to use the flat notes for my following rambling drivel, i.e Ab,. Bb, Eb, and F. In relation to the scale of Db the chordal notes shown are as follows:- F is the 3rd, Ab is the 5th, Bb is the 6th, and Eb is the 9th, so it has the 3rd and the 5th of the elementary triad, the 6th, and the 9th too, although the root note is not being played. It should have the 6th, as the chord name suggests it should have, but the 9th is denoted as the Ab (or G#) rather than numerically.
The chords denoted for the song include Naturals, Sharps, and Flats. Is this because the song has key changes in it, going from Flat keys to Natural keys, and back again? Remembering that there are no Sharp keys, chords denoted as sharps indicate the natural keys of A, B, C,D, E, or G, and Flat chords indicate a flat key of Ab, Bb, Db, Eb, or Gb. Flat keys only have Natural or Flat chords in them, and except for the key of F, the natural keys only have Natural or Sharp chords in them.
For those players who like to get deep into theory I would recommend some old books by Teddy Taylor, 'Hot to play Jazz and Hot Guitar' is somewhere on the front cover. They date from 1950 something I believe, but they are a challenge. The introduction states that you need two years of dedicated study to get through it, and then gives you a list of 26 chords to remember before you start the first lesson.
Remember that music theory is not a precise science, that is why it is called theory. It has quirks such as Melodic and Harmonic minor scales, which are played with different notes depending upon whether you are ascending or descending the scale, and then you can start looking at modes as well. It is a never ending lesson.
Sorry to have gone off on a bit of a drift there, it is in no way meant to be critical of your fine work, thank you again for posting this video.
Thank you sir!! I have learned how to play this because of you!! Now I play ALL the time lol!!! Muito obrigado!!! :D
You're welcome. I'm really glad that you found it useful and even more that you play. That's what it is for, to help the people play the music they love. I've seen your other comment as well, and I share your feelings. But anyone is free to express their opinion here and I value any feedback that I receive. Thanks again for your inputs and stay tuned, there'll be more.
Absolutely beautiful
Thanks a lot!
Ver as notas assim é outro nivel , like
Muito obrigado!
Thank you so much! This is real quality 💙
You're welcome! Glad you like it and thanks for posting here.
very clear and informative :)
Thanks a lot!
amazing! u learn to play and also learn to read with a great and cool melody.
Thanks a lot!
Muito bom !! Abraço do Brasil
Muito obrigado!
Thank you !! This was a very nice Lesson!!
You're welcome. Thanks for your comment.
What key is this?
Db major
Здорово. Хороший формат подачи информации.
Спасибо огромное
@@bossanovaguitar спасибо , очень помогло ваше видео , уже играю и пою на пою на португальском )
Thank you for the lesson. Just a note: your final Db6/9/G# has the wrong tab showing (D6/9A)