Germany's Forgotten Genocide: The Early Atrocity that Provided a Blueprint For the Nazis
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- Опубліковано 12 тра 2021
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Sources:
Olusoga, David (Dir.) Namibia: Genocide and the Second Reich, BBC 2005, • Namibia: Genocide and ...
German Minister Says Sorry for Genocide in Namibia, The Guardian, August 16, 2004, www.theguardian.com/world/200...
German Official Says Namibia Herero Killings were ‘Genocide’ and Part of ‘Race War,’ International Business Times, September 7, 2015, www.ibtimes.com/german-offici...
Silvester, Jeremy & Gewald, Jan-Bart, Words Cannot be Found: German Colonial Rule in Namibia, Brill, Boston, 2003, www.sahistory.org.za/sites/de...
Grobler, John, The Tribe Germany Wants to Forget, www.raceandhistory.com/Science...
Bartlett, Duncan, German Bank Accused of Genocide, BBC News, September 25, 2001, news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1...
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Will do!
Correction : The first Death Camps were actually built by the British in South Africa.
Geez… why haven’t I heard about this before now?
I sent this to a teacher I know and asked her if it’s part of their world history curriculum. I may not have been the best student, but I’m pretty sure this would’ve at least rung a bell if we’d gone over it in class. Hopefully it can get added if it’s not already there… stuff like this shouldn’t be forgotten.
honestly i highly doubt it will most people didn't even know about the Spanish flu before covid even events like the Rape of Nanjing, the roman Celtic genocide, the Cambodia Killing Fields, the amount of people murdered by the soviet union socialist party, the arduous march even now there is a genocide happening right now in china with the uighur muslims and the gulags in north korea where they punish children for the crimes of their parents yet you will never hear people talk about any of this because 99% of people have very little interest in history short of a surface value look or some fascination with their personal lineage nearly every civilization and race in the 50000 years of human history have committed some form of geocide or large scale war its impossible to teach every tragedy in history, history is just far to tragic to fit that amount of learning in a single lifetime its a sad truth but there are probably dozens of genocide's larger than this that already aren't in highschool curriculum its not something that should be forgotten for sure but unfortunately unless you are perusing a career in history or are looking it up out of personal interest there are simply larger events in human history to teach school children its best left to videos like this to keep the memory alive.
@@blairfleming5861 I’d heard of all those things (maybe except the Celtic genocide... I don’t think I’ve heard it described like that, but I think I generally know what you mean), and I don’t even remember my history classes. Have our schools really gotten that bad in the past 20 years?
@@OtherTheDave well its not that they have gotten bad ( I have also been out of school for 8 years and I'm Canadian so I can only speak for the Canadian educational system and not even as a whole just my particular province it varies from province to province, though from what i understand the American educational system has become increasingly politicized in recent years which is not good but information about the AES is also politicized so I cant speak for it you would have to talk to someone who has recently graduated from school to find out) its more of a time limit when I was in school math's and science took up about 50% to 70% of your time in school, though the subjects taken are up to the students to decide, based on what path they want to take in life you can decide to be more arts, historical and physical education oriented in level 1,2 and 3. Your first 9 years in school are decided by the school board. you are only required to get 1 credit per level for a history course ( you can take more if you wish or you don't have to take any history if you substitute it for geography) and history in level 1 is provincial history, in level 2 it is country history and in level 3 it is world history, so you only take 1 year of world history normally as most students don't have space in their schedule to take more and most of that time is focused on ww1 and ww2 ( rightfully so they were BIG events) not leaving much time for anything else. You learn basically nothing about before the collapse of the British empire, the roman empire isn't even mentioned and Napoleon barely gets a single paragraph. With the increasing need for more math's and science knowledge schools are focusing on that and because mandated limits on the length of a school day you just cant fit any more in its not like japan where some children spend upwards of 15 hours a day in school and cram school so if they were to add a event like this they would have to remove another from the curriculum.
I live in Swakopmund, Namibia. I know this part of history extremely well. And Simon hit it right on the nose. Good job in your research. My wife is a direct descendant of the schutztruppen and her family name has been in the country since. Her grand father and grand uncle Both were pilots in the luftwaffe in Germany during WW2. The german culture is very strong here and will be for generations to come.
Unit 731
Thank you for making this video! I’m German, and the topic of the African Genocide is pretty much entirely ignored here. It’s only changed recently and slowly.
You can't be very old. This topic was covered by german politics in the past (late 80s, early 90s) and has been on the burner for quite some time.
@@thomas_jay it occasionally comes up, but was never taught in history class or anything. The average German has no idea about what happened.
I heard about it in history class (~2015, Germany), but it was only like one class
Don't worry we English are also in denial of our colonial past. Never taught at school the atrocities carried out by the Empire and if you bring it up people don't want to talk/acknowledge it. Yet talk about removing a statue of a slaver from a street and its "history shouldn't be erased or it will be repeated".
@@tiberseptim8434 It is, but only in year 12
Simon, I admire you and the team's dedication to informing people on important topics and historical events, no matter how ugly they are.
I also admire the empathy in your delivery. You clearly took this video seriously. Thank you.
You guys never fail to both horrify and fascinate me at the same time. I'd never heard of this event before now.
thank you for publishing this. unfortunately I have a cursory understanding the Herero war from a show SCI channel called "Mystery of the Abandoned". Sad to think when most people talk about the Nazis, Imperial Japan and Italy, they tend to not look at the preceding history before the 1930s. Things like this remind me that historical events don't happen in a vacuum.
People usually tend to look at history as a series of isolated incidents.
But in reality, there are always reasons for things and important events that pave the way for others.
The nazis didn't pop up out of nowhere, there were a range of influences ... but this one tends to get forgotten sadly.
Wow, this is one of your best videos. I hope it goes viral.
There's an excellent book on this topic by Olusoga and Erichsen called 'The Kaiser's Holocaust'. Highly recommended!
You handled this important and serious topic very well.
My great grandfather served in this conflict, still have his war trophy. It's an axe, not sure if its Herero or of Nama origin
Thanks Simon, didn't know about this....
By the 4:00 point, I knew this story was not going go well. Thanks for making me aware of a tragedy I never heard about.
Wait a second..... Did you not read the title of the video?
This hasn't been forgotten in Africa, it's only been forgotten/allowed to be forgotten in Europe/America
Thats not very woke of US
Hasn't been forgotten anywhere really (here in the UK it's been known of and covered by books & documentaries for decades). Clickbait'y video title does not a fact make.
Always enjoy your content.thank you.x
Simon is such a terrific presenter and really makes the well articulated information all the more enjoyable
On every other channel that I watch, I always skip the sponsor parts. I enjoy listening to you talk so much that I don't skip yours.
Always good to learn about this. Will share with a few people
Hadnt heard of this before, thankyou Simon. I had heard tho of ethnic cleansing during WWI in the Bosnia area by the Austrians?? But it was awhile ago since and I have forgotten most of that story. Perhaps you could do a video on it for us? Forgive me if I have this all wrong. I plead aging brain syndrome.
"They were killed like animals with impunity." - Think about that sentence for a minute.
Yes, which evil bastard kills animals without impunity? As humanity is rotten to the core, killing each other is less evil than killing animals just for fun
Like the american natives. Man is horrific..
He said "with" impunity.
@@andiward7068 Haha, thanks for pointing that out to me, that's actually what I meant to write. I fixed it.
@@robinderoos1166 I agree. Humanity has, for many reasons, reached the point at which we have to ask ourselves how much humans killing other humans really matters anymore.
I knew none of this. Utterly heartbreaking and disgusting. Filthy greed and destruction. Oh my goodness. 💔😭
No "Bonus Fact". Just an "Extra Fact". The atrocities do not deserve a "bonus" added to them.
Could you cover the Mau Mau Uprising in Kenya (1950-1960) next, please, or the 1943 famines in India?
Thanks in advance
I believe he's done a video about the 1943 famines on Geographics
Thank you for the knowledge, grim as it is.
“History would be a wonderful thing - if it were only true." ― Leo Tolstoy
"History is written by the victors." - Winston Churchill
"The winner will not be asked if he told the truth" - Hitler
@@franl155 very true
@@franl155 Truth. To this day.
"Strength is irrelevant. Resistance is futile. We wish to improve ourselves. We will add your biological and technological distinctiveness to our own. Your culture will adapt to service ours." - Borg Collective
Oh... you mean British Concentration Camps of the South African War 1900-1902?
The camps were formed by the British army to house the residents of the two Boer republics of the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. They were established towards the end of 1900, after Britain had invaded the Boer republics.
In college I saw a documentary of German WWII propaganda movies. In one scene, whcic was set in a British run Boer concentration camp, the arrogant British camp commander is inspecting the terrible conditions the Boer women and children are suffering under before declaring there is nothing wrong. Since the majority of Boers were actually of Dutch origin, and Holland was struggling under the boot of Nazi oppression at the time this movie was made, the irony did not escape me. No doubt German audiences had a different view and probably nodded approvingly at the portrayal of the Brits as evil incarnate. It would seem comical today if the subject matter had not been so dark.
@@Paladin1873 Very interesting, thank you for sharing this
@@Paladin1873 it was propaganda, like everywhere else. It’s horrific what man does to man. I heard even today many Americans don’t acknowledge the genozide on American natives or denie the horror of the two atom bombs dropped over cities full of civilians. It’s normal, but we have to talk about these things, so they don’t get repeated. That’s why this video here is important.
@@Paladin1873 Boers (and other Afrikaners) are descendants of Dutch people, but they’re usually considered their own thing rather than Dutch
@@EnigmaticLucas I agree. I've edited it.
Good video 👍
We need the history of the (excuse wrong spelling) Hutu's and the tootsies and that genocide.
Im sharing this !!
Thank you. I'd never heard of this.
When I saw "A Blueprint for The Nazis" in the title I thought the video was gonna be about the Armenians. Then I saw the first part and was like, "Oh, it's the Herero and Namaqua Genocide".
The Germans seem to run hot and cold on such matters. If memory serves me correctly, the German officers advising the Turks were appalled by the Armenian genocide. And during their WWII campaigns in Yugoslavia there were SS soldiers who complained about the murderous behavior of some Ustasha units. Even Hitler was appalled. Go figure.
@@Paladin1873 you've officially gone too far when Adolf fucking Hitler tells you to tone down your genocide.
@@sarpbakrsoy8125 I'm reminded of a line from Audie Murphy's bio-movie, "To Hell and Back", when his best friend sarcastically remarks to him in the middle of combat with the Germans that “they can kill us, but they can’t eat us - that’s against the law”. Apparently some Japanese soldiers broke this law. Perhaps some Ustasha did as well.
@@Paladin1873 so according to his friend, the only obstacle between Germans and cannibalism was international law. As if they hadn't already broken the shit out of it. Lmao.
@@sarpbakrsoy8125 It was meant as dark humor - a small consolation that the enemy won't eat you after they kill you.
Even Mark Felton would find this one fascinating.
His videos are fantastic
His videos are texts from Reddit and similar forums which he claims as his own.
@@richardaubrecht2822 Source?
@@norbitcleaverhook5040 www.reddit.com/r/badhistory/comments/fnut9z/mark_felton_productions_plagiarizes_some_of_his/
I legitimately learned something new today.
I agree with most of your assessment of the Herero and Nama Genocide, but I was disturbed by your casual reference to the British concentration camps during the Boer War, as if they were that different. The British destroyed the harvest of the farmers to starve them and of the 120'000 farmers around 30'000 were actually starved after being interned, most of them were civilians and many children. Germany has done a lot to deal with its past, Britain has not. Many still believe that they mainly brought civilization to Africa and India and I am afraid you have fallen for this. The colonial history of no country has been free of genocide, not the Spanish, not the British. The US is entirely built on land taken from the Natives who have been killed and interned an issue never properly adressed to this day.
Can't think of any country that has done as much as germany in that regard (dealing with the past). Unfortunately, the denial of dark pasts is seen in most countries. History is written by the winners, after all. In europe alone, the cruelty of communism is rarely taught at schools. This is just shocking to me, considering the obvious consequences we still see today. Us human beings are some weird animals.
The Boers were colonisers as well.
At 8:45 "one of the first" . Agreed.
Ever looked into Lilburn Boggs' similar missive c1838?
Make a video on the Boers and the Great Trek
The Germans apology is as sincere as the CEO of BP in South Park. "We're sorry. Sorry. Sorry."
At least they are acknowledging them in contrast to many, many other countries.
The term forgotten genocide is horrific in and of itself
I was completely unaware of this atrocity. "No one who speaks German could be an evil man." (from the Simpsons "Cape Feare" episode (1993))
It's not like there's a country where people never commited any atrocities, humans are just garbage
Sadly it’s man, not a nation, who us to blame. The US is based on the genozide of the Native Americans and dropped two atom bombs on cities full of civilians, just to name two horrific things. The russians had their gulaks, china..well, i suppose you know china. The world is an evil place, and we must try every single day to make it a better place.
@@darksteelmenace595 No, while some humans are garbage, most are not. The real tragedy is that among the most, few are willing to recognize and take an active stand against evil until it's almost too late.
@@erebostd I think you are treating unrelated events as being equivalent. They are not. There was never a policy of native genocide in America. The tragedy of the American Indian was the result of two centuries of ad hoc policies, not some master plan. Though there were voices in both government and the general public who endorsed organized genocide, it was never a popular idea, nor was such a plan ever adopted. The dropping of the Atom Bombs was a strategic decision that hastened the end of WWII. In so doing, "The Bomb" saved far more lives than it cost. You can question the wisdom and effectiveness of large-scale bombing of cities, but it makes no sense to treat Hiroshima and Nagasaki separately from those earlier raids over Poland, England, China, Germany, and Japan. Sometimes mass destruction worked, sometime it did not. Any killing of noncombatants is regrettable, even tragic, but it is often unavoidable in war. It's the motives that matter. There is a clear distinction between killing people to end a war and killing them because you don't like the color of their skin, their religion, their form of government, or because you covet their land and resources, or wish to enslave them.
I'm not convinced the world is an evil place, but I am convinced there are evil forms of government and some "well intentioned" people in and out of government who endorse terrible ideas. In the recorded history of the world it is governments that have ended more lives and enslaved more people than the collective acts of all individuals acting on their own. Neither is acceptable, and I agree with you that we must work every day to make the world a better place. It is an unending goal.
@@Paladin1873 Well what is evil? Kind of subjective.
Standing up to "evil" is not as easy as you make it out to be.
I'm German (though my mother started her life as a Norwegian "Lebensborn" child, which is another result of Nazi ideology) and only learned about this chapter of German history when I read a novel about it as an adult. I was shocked, to say the least, that I had not heard anything about this in school! We of course studied the Holocaust at length, to make it very clear to us that it should never, ever be repeated, but this...? This is no less abhorrent and no less important as something that should never be forgotten.
This is the first time I have heard about this. Horrific.
While the actions of the German government are rightly condemned, reparations of the type of returning ancestral lands to any ethnic group that has been massacred by another is just not historically feasible. There are hundreds of such histories in the last 3000 years and just because the Herero and Nama "settled" the land before history started recording there does not make the original inhabitants of the land. Certainly financial reparations for those with known impacts by those who are known to have benefitted are reasonable, but going beyond that opens a can of worms that cannot be sorted.
😂😂😂😂😂
You can’t make this shit up.
Fact boi!!! Thanks for all the content that has some what kept me sane these days.
What country are you in?
@@Phoenix_Atlas I'm in America
Today I found out many things as I binge watched these videos. I learned I dont actually do anything while I found out today.
According to en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genocides_in_history_(before_World_War_I) genocide is depressingly common. The Germans weren't the first to do it.
Which makes sense if you consider that they were pretty late to the whole Colonialism party.
Unfortunately, genocide was pretty much standard practice for as long as humans have had any tribal allegiance.
A short jaunt through ancient history and a pattern became exceptionally common in the aftermath of a conflict.
Step 1) A battle or war would take place between two or more powers.
Step 1.5) Afore mentioned battle or war would eliminate most if not all of the fighting age men of the losing side.
Step 2) Sweep in with victorious force, loot and pillage defenseless villages, towns and cities. While silver, gold, spices and trade goods are all good money makers, food is just as good and would often be completely taken with nothing left for the locals.
Step 2.5) Mass starvation and disease will break out amongst the surviving conquered people.
Step 3) Those who don't die, it's slavery time. Transported to the winner's territory and sold as forced labour if they are lucky, not often the fate of any captured girls and women.
Step 4) The victors move in and take over the now conveniently empty lands.
It's indirect, but it genocide all the same. There are countless written records from ancient empires and nations that mention the name of a another country, tribe or people who were just a bunch of "barbarians" that stood in the way of some power and money hungry warlord of [insert great empire here], leaving behind nothing of what those "barbarians" were actually like.
At best, DNA evidence from tomes and burial sites might give a clue if they were wiped out or not. Archaeological studies of said tomes and other digs might give some insight into the culture. But, they are long dead, replaced by a force that had pointer spears.
Even if a village or two was missed and survived within a few generations they would die out, cut off from the trade with other locals or assimilating with the conquerors to survive.
We need a video about allied atrocities. Plenty of content there.
Thanks to you it won't be forgotten
Honestly I knew nothing about this that's a sad thing as this needs telling so humanity can learn again how terrible we can be. Thank you Simon and Co this was a very informative, sad but needed video. Well done.
Simon, ur fabulous!!
This was really depressing to watch, but good to know.
Great video! But as far as I know, the pronunciation is more like "wind hook!"
you got my like simply for saying, Blow the roof off of it! lol that was to funny.
Thank you .
Difficult to talk about this. Great job, I felt how hard was it for you in many parts
Horrifying. What worries me most is that we never learned about this at school. I'm German and the colonies were basically never talked about, except for one mention that we had to give them up after WW1. This is crazy
You should do one on the Irish Easter rising
I did not know about this.
Bloody Hell that was Depressing
Here before mistake in the title is corrected
I think that the video title is misspelled
I hope to one day be able to see the Squid Desert in person.
"Don't start no shit, won't be no shit. Start shit and eat shit."-Kaiser
Holy hell. That was truly horrendous. And that before breakfast.
I’m gonna have to find some videos of cats and cucumbers to save the day.
Very interesting though. Thanks!
I stay by Cape Town, South Africa, and been to Namibia quite a few times. I can know more details about that incident now. The desert parts of Namibia incidentally are the coast and in the south.
The largest tribe in Namibia are the Owambos. They are mostly in the north, and are the largrst tribe. It is said that if it wasn't for that genocide then the Hereros would have been.
After the South African conquest Apartheid came there. It had partial Nazi origins, and on my channel is a long movie about that.
Yet, there is more racial harmony in Namibia, than in South Africa.
I was tought this subject in the 10th Grade, so it´s not forgotten, but common knowledge.
Today, I really did find out...
As a History teacher, I have nothing but applause for this presentation. One comment, however. Simon, dear heart, Lebensraum is pronounced "LAY / bens / rowm" NOT "lee /bens /rowm" that would be Liebensraum which would be "loving space" not "living space"!
I got confused there for a second, but then i was like: what do I know?! My German is rusty at best! Thank you for the clarification.
1:05 if you already subscribe to Great Courses
One interesting fact, Hitler's infamous brown shirts were actually wearing the old uniforms of the colonial troops. These shirts were designed to blend into the desert surrounding, which was light brown!
pretending that cultures that have participated in genocides suddenly lost their grasp on humanity is a terrible mistake we make far to often in retelling history, its important to recognize the thought patterns that led to these atrocities so you can learn to recognize them in their infancy and move to stop them in their tracks before they can get to the point where they become another history lesson hoping to teach people about the atrocities humankind is capable of, understanding the drive behind these actions and how they reached their conclusion is difficult and not a fun thing to do, trying to understand what made people think their actions where alright but its important to know and recognize those choices in other people to prevent those kinds of thoughts from rising to power again, that is the kind of thing our history classes are meant to be teaching us even though so many have failed.
There is a fascinating book "The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich" by William Shirer. He does some backstory that shows why Nazism seemed to be the answer so many wanted. It's a hard read, it rips the heart out. It's mesmerizingly horrible. I'm a long time history lover and I learned a great deal from it.
Damn. So this was the beginning...
Why does this video only have 27k views? A channel with over 2 million subs with such a low average view count?
From the numbers and view counts on all your channels here it seems as though Business Blaze is doing the best even though it is smallest.
New to your channel. I really love history lessons. But if its spoken to fast. There's not much to take in. Hope this helps. Thsnk you for sharing 😊.
Not only German but they are many nations and communities who committed mass war crimes and atrocities.
All countries have some sort of skeletons in their closets; and they always will.
Most African nations in particular do. Rwanda after all as a word doesn't evoke thought of a nation to many; rather it's a byword for its most well known self-inflicted genocide.
I'm happy this is finally gaining more momentum. I am a Namibian herero and descendent affected by the massacre. We have yet to receive compensation from the German government...if the Jewish genocide could be acknowledged, surely this, the first genocide can also be acknowledged?
Well before Europe pays any reparations, we need to claim reparations from Africa for the genocide and slavery inflicted upon Europeans for centuries and centuries by the Barbary pirates and the Moors. If I looked further in to it, I could find a few more but they are a good place to start.
After all, you lot started it.
Why is it only Europeans that need to reflect and revise their history?
The absolute nerve of you.
@@danieldurchtechnik6804 This :D .
One would think the insane amounts of aid money many of the economically failed [by their own hand] post-colonial african nations get every year wasn't a thing, if listening to half of what these reperationists claim.
... hence Ramstein's latest song - Deutschland.
Hey, these guys were slackers compared to the Belgians under King Leopold II, amirite?!
Well. That was grim.
Used your link, you’re welcome.
A government apologizing for the acts of another entirely different government, with 4 other wholly different governments separating them over a span of almost a century? Hilarious.
It's still a government that is profiting from the things that happened.
This only goes to show that we have yet to know more about war history
It’s scary how many atrocities are committed by people who believe they are in the right. Can humble you if you saw the list.
i have to watch this on my desktop computer because my iphone can't block the damned annoying ads.
Balders, The German empire right now consist of a small sausage factory in Tanganyika
Most photos and drawing were added ontop a orange map scan, further degrading the visuals.
Seems pretty relevant currently.
Why?
@@darksteelmenace595 because every day America is subject to mass propaganda and indoctrination. We clearly see it overseas.
@@jbrowntdown4724 But what's the connection to the topic of the video?
@@darksteelmenace595 to me, that’s how i think when the question of, “how could an entire population allow atrocities to happen” ... mass indoctrination
Did you do one on the Belgian genocide in Africa too?
He did on one of his other channels
here is a list of people you could make a video about: Meles Zenawi, Isayas Afewerki, Machmut Ahmadinedschad,
Alexander Lukaschenko, Fidel Castro, Jassir Arafat, Idi Amin, Théoneste Bagosora, Kim il-Sung, Islam Karimow, Mohammed Suharto, Than Shwe, Mao Zedong, Usama ibn, Muhammad ibn Awad ibn Ladin,
Slobodan Milosevic, Adolf Hitler, Saddam Hussein, Muammar al-Gaddafi, Josef Stalin, Ante Pavelić, Kim Jong-il, Radovan Karadžić, Saloth Sar, Ratko Mladić
just to name a few
Damn, youtube hit this one hard with the demonetization and suppression. Did anyone else only see this in their feed several hours after upload?
That white farmers comment at the end tho... How about you do a video on the currenct white genocide in south africa?
They should have left African countries when they gained independence
@@mijicmugendo racist
@@angmori172 You seem to be the only racist here though. Why so angry boy?
This is awful. Thank you for sharing. ☹️ it just kept getting worse.
"extra fact"? There must have been a glitch in the matrix.
Baronin Volkswagen gab ein unbescheidenes Frühstück zu Ehren des Marquise Mercedes; Würstchen, Speck, Eier, Bier. Antworten; Hamburger, Kaffee.
More ads and discussion of ads than USA network TV
Now what a turn tables all the very top richest countries are tiny ones with no need for expansion.
Oh we germans know, der blasse dünne Junge ohne bart covered the topic
What would we do without dem blassen dünnen Jungen ohne Bart?
Wow, this video put a downer in my day...
locusts class of the 1800
I find it hard to react to this story as one of evil colonialists brutalising poor innocent natives, when one of the inciting incidents involved massacring a town of civilians in a particularly sadistic and brutal fashion, for no greater crime than being citizens of an occupying nation. Seems more like an example of the endless barbarity of humans in general, not one particular race or nation.
There is quite a big difference between these two war crimes. One is indeed a mass murder of civilians on a small scale and the other is the murder of 3/4 of a population over the span of years, including human experiments and slavery.
You cannot in all seriousness proclaim these two incidents as equal.
Man. Humans are just vicious at times. But at war, no matter the time or year the same excuse is heard throughout it all, ‘ I was just following orders.’
Various corporations, individuals, and governments around the world have made billions of the back of slaves over the centuries- even to this day. It's high time that they paid those people and their descendants what they are owed.