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Coconut Math
Приєднався 5 жов 2013
Math videos focusing on intuitive explanations of high-level mathematical proofs. Knowledge of real analysis and abstract algebra is helpful, but not required. Recently I have been uploading more number theory content, which is probably more niche than previous videos, but hopefully it is still informative!
I often pick my own topics for videos but I am open to requests! If there is a problem you would like to see solved, feel free to comment or send me a message. I almost always solve problems that are suggested by viewers even if it takes me a bit to figure them out.
I often pick my own topics for videos but I am open to requests! If there is a problem you would like to see solved, feel free to comment or send me a message. I almost always solve problems that are suggested by viewers even if it takes me a bit to figure them out.
Basics of Galois Theory Part 4 (Intermediate Subfields)
Thanks for watching!
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galois_group
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_Galois_theory
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel%E2%80%93Ruffini_theorem
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galois_group
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_Galois_theory
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel%E2%80%93Ruffini_theorem
Переглядів: 308
Відео
Basics of Galois Theory Part 3 (Examples continued)
Переглядів 3322 місяці тому
Thanks for watching! en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galois_group en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_Galois_theory en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel–Ruffini_theorem
Basics of Galois Theory Part 2 (Examples)
Переглядів 3882 місяці тому
Thanks for watching! en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galois_group en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_Galois_theory en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel–Ruffini_theorem
Basics of Galois Theory Part 1 (Galois groups)
Переглядів 7112 місяці тому
Thanks for watching! en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galois_group en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_Galois_theory en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel–Ruffini_theorem
Proof of Stirling's Formula, Part 3.
Переглядів 1094 місяці тому
In this video we finish the proof by finding the value of the constant.
Proof of Stirling's Formula, Part 2.
Переглядів 564 місяці тому
In this video we (almost) prove Stirling's Formula.
Proof of Stirling's Formula, Part 1.
Переглядів 1534 місяці тому
In this video we investigate the properties of a sequence.
Galois group of x^5-4x+2
Переглядів 1,3 тис.4 місяці тому
Thanks for watching :) A slight correction: the orbit stabilizer theorem says that (size of orbit)x(size of stabilizer) = |G|. In the video I said the index of the stabilizer instead of the size, which is not true (although the basic argument is still the same).
Galois group of x^4-20x^2+80
Переглядів 1,4 тис.5 місяців тому
As suggested by Bjorn Carlsson, here is the splitting field and Galois group of x^4-20x^2 80.
The sum of a nilpotent and a unit is a unit
Переглядів 2815 місяців тому
The sum of a nilpotent and a unit is a unit (we are assuming R is a commutative ring with identity).
Units of a polynomial ring (f(x) is a unit iff a_0 is a unit and a_1,...,a_n are nilpotent)
Переглядів 1305 місяців тому
Units of a polynomial ring (f(x) is a unit iff a_0 is a unit and a_1,...,a_n are nilpotent)
Fractional parts of an irrational number are dense in [0,1)
Переглядів 1006 місяців тому
Fractional parts of an irrational number are dense in [0,1)
Proof that Z[(1+sqrt(-19))/2] is not a Euclidean domain
Переглядів 1776 місяців тому
Proof that Z[(1 sqrt(-19))/2] is not a Euclidean domain
Show that B/p is isomorphic to Bp/pBp
Переглядів 486 місяців тому
Show that B/p is isomorphic to Bp/pBp
Regular function on projective variety is constant
Переглядів 666 місяців тому
Regular function on projective variety is constant
The closed unit ball in C([0,1]) is not compact
Переглядів 2686 місяців тому
The closed unit ball in C([0,1]) is not compact
x^n is not uniformly Cauchy on [0,1] (plus some comments about the sup-norm)
Переглядів 39Рік тому
x^n is not uniformly Cauchy on [0,1] (plus some comments about the sup-norm)
If alpha and beta are algebraic over K then alpha+beta and alpha*beta are algebraic over K
Переглядів 251Рік тому
If alpha and beta are algebraic over K then alpha beta and alpha*beta are algebraic over K
Find the degree of the splitting field of x^4+2
Переглядів 3,4 тис.Рік тому
Find the degree of the splitting field of x^4 2
You only proved the splitting field of x^4+2 is contained in Q(i, \sqrt[4]{2}), not the other direction.
Hey bro, need some algebraic topology, moduler forms
Try to make video to find intermediate fields
Thank you for all the examples! There is surely other good teaching material on this topic on UA-cam available too but much of that seem to lack a sufficient number of examples. It is good to practise, over and over, through all these examples.
very clair and straightforward. thank you
very interessting and special videos because i notice that the other youtubers don't make an example for the galois theory they just make an introduction and don't care about the practice part don't stop bro we need you i'm waiting for your next video 🥰🥰🥰😘
Wonderful! Thank you, and please do not hesitate to make more videos about the basics (or even more advanced topics) of Galois theory.
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Really nice, thank you!
Thank you!
ln(x) is continuous on [1;2] -> uniformly continuous on [1;2]
Which software are you using to make videos
I use microsoft whiteboard and record with OBS studio. OBS is free and records via window capture. Whiteboard is not great but gets the job done haha
Thanks bro 👍 You are doing great job
Great
Thanks very much!
good explanation
Thanks :)
Great videos! Can you please collect related videos into playlists to help us to navigate your content?
Good idea, let me put some of the Galois theory vids together. Thanks for the support
Thanks so much! I didn't expect you to have only this much subs with such great explanations
Thanks very much! I think one reason is because the topics are niche. Only so many people who want to learn number theory/galois theory/etc. Hoping to get more in the future though
Sir, please help me
I can try, what is your question?
Sir, please share me your no
Very nice, Sir
👍
Nice stuff❤ BTW what will be the galois group corresponding it?
Thanks! Not sure if you found it already but there's a video about that on my channel.
Such clear information and presentation! Thank you 😊
Another great informative, clear video! Thank you 😊
Thank you!
Hate the fact that to estimate the gailois group, one has to actually solve the polynomial. What is it worth then to calculate the group?
In this case it's the most straightforward way. If you're talking about computational complexity, then I believe some algorithms still factor the polynomial to compute the group, so I don't know if there's a way around it in general.
Would love to see a video on fixed field theorem. Not a single satisfying video on UA-cam!
I would like to make a video eventually that covers that in more detail. Thanks for the suggestion :)
Still finding your videos helpful and clearly presented! Looking forward to more. Thank you!
Hey, this is such a good video. Is there a way I can contact you? You are really good.
Hey! I really appreciate it :) UA-cam should have a private messaging button still? You could use that if you want to chat more/have any questions.
Agar mera ppr ni hota toh kbhi ni dekhta bht bekar pdhara hai bhai tu
Why did you chose 5 when using Z/5Z?
Good question. If you try to use p=2 the polynomial becomes x^3, which is reducible. If you reduce mod 3 you get x^3+x+2, which is reducible because 2 is a root. I ended up with 5 because that's the next smallest choice that gives you something irreducible.
yo!!!! i'm getting into galois theory and these examples are paramount. great stuff, keep uploading!!!
Thanks for the support! I have a few Galois theory videos upcoming.
you need to calculate f *AT* the critical points (and ±∞), not around them, in order to determine the graph shape of the polynomial ...
Yes, there are some details missing from that part of the video... hopefully it is still helpful :O
Thanks for the explanation
For sure! Glad it was helpful
Thanks mate!
I'm glad the video was helpful :)
Hello, I believe the cubic resolvent should be R_3(x) = x^3 -4bx + a^2. I’m getting this definition from page 308 of algebra by Papantonopoulpou. Please let my know your thoughts.
I wasn't able to find a copy of that book easily accessible. I'm guessing the author just has a different definition of cubic resolvent. The one I'm using should be fine for computing Galois groups though.
This is quite good. However, because gcd(4,2) is not 1, who do you conclude that the stacked extensions degree is the product of the individual degrees?
Thanks! That result is always true, see en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_of_a_field_extension#The_multiplicativity_formula_for_degrees
Slightly over my head but fascinating! Quadratic integers are intruiging. One would get the same result for Z[(1+√-43)/2]? And for some reason Z[√-13] is neither eucludian or a UFD.
Thanks! They are an interesting and still active topic. The first example you gave should follow from a similar argument. In particular, the ideals <2> and <3> are still maximal ideals in that ring (you can check this using Legendre symbols for any prime p). The second example is harder because <2> isn't prime in that ring.
@@coconutmath4928 you mean like e.g. 2 divides (1+3√-13)(1-3√-13) but none of these numbers, which are both irreducible. And 2 is also irreducible.
Awesome! Thank you 😊
Thank you for the awesome video! You’re so calm and clear.
Great video. I like seeing the different ways of tackling this problem.
Thank you!
Nice video on Galois group. By the way which software tool you used for the whiteboard.
I appreciate it! I use microsoft whiteboard (which can be slow but is generally reliable).
For such a small example it doesn't matter, but generally speaking transitivity is a weaker property for a group action than the existence of an n-cycle. A simple example is A_4, which certainly crops up as the Galois group for various quartics.
Yes that's true... transitivity only guarantees a p-cycle when p is prime.
So interesting!
sir what is the point of the galois theory it can't give us exact or approximated solution
Can you clarify this? We did find the automorphisms of G explicitly.
@@coconutmath4928 i mean why we use the galois group for example to solve a cubic equation when we can solve it easily using cardon's method which involve the real and imaginary solutions
The point of Galois theory is not to find the solutions of polynomials, but rather to find intermediate fields in a (finite) Galois extension. For example, in this case we know there is only one intermediate field ℚ ⊂ M ⊂ K, since the Galois group ℤ/4ℤ only has one proper nontrivial subgroup. I feel like a lot of expository material focuses a lot on the insolubility of the quintic. While this is an elegant application of the theory, thinking that is all kind of misses the point.
Thank you this helped me a lot. One remark though: It would be better if you explain how ky=1 yields k{r(i-j)}={kr(i-j)}, which is the backbone of the proof and yet is not evident. I managed to prove it but others might not get it. Thanks again :)
Of course! For anyone who might be wondering, for any z such that 0 < k{z} <= 1 we have kz = k{z}+k*floor(z). Therefore kz can be written as an integer plus a positive number less than or equal to 1, which forces that number (k{z}) to equal {kz}.
Nice proof! I think you can also use the Wallis product for pi to get the derivative of the zeta function at 0 (something like 1/2*log(2pi)).
Thanks! Yes, to do this you need to differentiate the eta function (which is like an alternating zeta function) and then use the Wallis product to evaluate the resulting sum. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallis_product#Derivative_of_the_Riemann_zeta_function_at_zero
Nice
Another subgroup of S5 exists that contains both Z2 and Z5: the dihedral group D5 (order 10).
This is a subgroup of S5, but it isn't generated by a 2 cycle and a 5 cycle. See here groupprops.subwiki.org/wiki/Subgroup_structure_of_symmetric_group:S5. The issue is that there a lot of subgroups of D5 that are isomorphic to Z2 and not all of them contain a 2-cycle, so knowing we have a transposition limits our options by a lot more.
@@coconutmath4928 aaah indeed, it's a double transposition that generated D5. Thank you for pointing that out.
Of course! Subgroups of S_n are tricky.