- 41
- 86 185
Hurlebatte
United States
Приєднався 4 лют 2019
Wynn (Ƿƿ)
EXTRA COMMENTARY:
1) One can find wynn used to write Old High German in the Hildebrandslied manuscript.
2) The idea that ᚹ was made from ᛒ appears in Tineke Looijenga's book Texts and Contents of the Earliest Runic Inscriptions in Chapter 3, Part 8.
3) If I recall right, Bernard Mees has proposed that the Elder Futhark year rune ᛃ was made from doubling and bending the ice rune. Both ᛃ and ᚹ stand for glides, and maybe they were both made by modifying their vowel counterparts ᛁ and ᚢ.
4) To learn more about wynn in Middle English, look up what Tolkien called the "AB language". The manuscript I used as an example is Cambridge Corpus Christi College MS 444, whose use of ð and ðh is also noteworthy.
1) One can find wynn used to write Old High German in the Hildebrandslied manuscript.
2) The idea that ᚹ was made from ᛒ appears in Tineke Looijenga's book Texts and Contents of the Earliest Runic Inscriptions in Chapter 3, Part 8.
3) If I recall right, Bernard Mees has proposed that the Elder Futhark year rune ᛃ was made from doubling and bending the ice rune. Both ᛃ and ᚹ stand for glides, and maybe they were both made by modifying their vowel counterparts ᛁ and ᚢ.
4) To learn more about wynn in Middle English, look up what Tolkien called the "AB language". The manuscript I used as an example is Cambridge Corpus Christi College MS 444, whose use of ð and ðh is also noteworthy.
Переглядів: 512
Відео
A Scort Film Abute Suðe Semitisc Stafes
Переглядів 3529 місяців тому
CSAI Corpus of Minaic Inscriptions dasi.cnr.it/
Anglish Vocabulary: Topography
Переглядів 4979 місяців тому
Some of these words were suggested by people on the Anglish Discord.
Futhorc Sounds (c. 800 AD)
Переглядів 44710 місяців тому
EXTRA COMMENTARY 1) It's not wholly clear what the ᚷᚳ segment on Maughold Stone 1 stands for, but ~/dʒ/ seems reasonable. 2) ᚾᚸ for [ŋg] seems to appear in London British Library Add. MS 47967.
Schnitzelrunen
Переглядів 592Рік тому
Here's an example of a runic alphabet I was working on for Standard German. I used forms of the C-rune, H-rune, and S-rune that (as far as I know) were common in southern Germany around when runes died out there. I borrowed the idea of "stinging" runes from Futhork.
Anglish Vocabulary: Time
Переглядів 890Рік тому
This is a remake of this video ua-cam.com/video/IVlkxlCvFyk/v-deo.html from three years ago. This version: has fewer misleading claims; skips the silly alternative day names of the original; has better attested suggestions for "moment" and "past". I forgot to mention there used to be terms like "Wednesnight". Unintuitively, these terms referred to the preceding nights, so Wednesnight was what w...
The Evolution of Futhorc
Переглядів 1,1 тис.Рік тому
Here's a sloppy list of sources (I might add page numbers one day): * An Introduction to English Runes by Raymond Page * Runes Around the North Sea by Tineke Looijenga * Texts and Contents of the Oldest Runic Inscriptions by Tineke Looijenga * The Yew Rune, Yogh and Yew by Bernard Mees * NEW LIGHT ON LITERACY IN EIGHTH-CENTURY EAST ANGLIA: A RUNIC INSCRIPTION FROM BACONSTHORPE, NORFOLK by John ...
A Misbegotten Rune on the Ruthwell Cross?
Переглядів 346Рік тому
Hypothesis summary: We can't actually see ᛤ today on the Ruthwell Cross, and the second supposed instance of ᛤ really doesn't look as depicted in most of the runological literature. Because we can't see the rune today, runologists rely on depictions of the cross from the 18th and 19th centuries, but they're not only flawed, they can also all be linked back in a chain of references to the oldest...
The Lantern Rune
Переглядів 577Рік тому
Sources: Texts and Contexts of the Oldest Runic Inscriptions, Tineke Looijenga; The Frøyhov inscription and early Germanic *ing- , Bernard Mees.
The English Yew Rune ᛇ (ih/eoh)
Переглядів 5272 роки тому
EXTRA COMMENTARY 1) For more on the strange situation concerning the names of ᛉ, ᛇ, and ᛦ, see my video "On ᛉ Being Called Algiz". 2) For theories about the original purpose of ᛇ, see the paper "The Yew Rune, Yogh and Yew" by Bernard Mees. 3) There's also a coin that says ᚹᛁᛇᛏᚱᛖᛞ (Wihtred) and another that says ᛏᛁᛚᛒᛖᚱᛇᛏ (Tilberht).
Writing Old Norse with Younger Futhark Runes
Переглядів 7 тис.3 роки тому
Writing Old Norse with Younger Futhark Runes
The Rime of King William (In Anglish)
Переглядів 2,2 тис.3 роки тому
The Rime of King William (In Anglish)
trying to get people to adopt my spellings
Переглядів 1,4 тис.3 роки тому
trying to get people to adopt my spellings
Against the Rune-Sigil Misconception
Переглядів 1,4 тис.3 роки тому
Against the Rune-Sigil Misconception
every conversation with a neo-pagan/new-ager ever
Переглядів 4,5 тис.3 роки тому
every conversation with a neo-pagan/new-ager ever
Writing Old English with Futhorc Runes
Переглядів 12 тис.3 роки тому
Writing Old English with Futhorc Runes
Corrections to "10 Letters We Dropped From The Alphabet"
Переглядів 9 тис.4 роки тому
Corrections to "10 Letters We Dropped From The Alphabet"
I personally go with the theory Dr. Jackson Crawford mentions in his video on the origins of the runes. That is to say that ᚹ is derived from the same Greek letter Q is derived from. His video goes into a much greater amount of detail, obviously, and I would recommend that video be watched, if it hasn’t already.
Do you have this chart in better quality? I love all the work you did on it I just can't see the runes clearly.
I think your idea about ᚹ being derived from ᛒ is more probable. Had it been derived from ᚢ then it would have looked like ᚥ, which was used to represent /w/ in later Scandinavian inscriptions.
"your idea about ᚹ being derived from ᛒ" The ᛒ idea is from Tineke Looijenga. "Had it been derived from ᚢ then it would have looked like ᚥ" Not necessarily. There are many ways to modify a shape.
I would like to ask your stance on using the old z rune as x, as this feels to me less a native decision and more something brought about only by the need to transliterate latin. I would also like to ask how authentic Gar and the new K rune are, as before this video I had been only using the "core" 28 runes, using the old z rune as a k, Cēn for ch, Gifu for G, and the j rune for the j phoneme in all contexts. I am very passionate about historical accuracy and trying best to fit it to the modern day, I have seen you in the Anglish subreddit and elsewhere and hope we are someone likeminded, but I know I have more to learn. Unfortunately I have not the resources or time to significantly, I feel, improve my own means of learning, which is why I'm asking this now rather than trying to consult and study old runic inscriptions.
I don't see a conflict between "native decision" and "transliterate Latin". This Z-to-X development occurred long before the Norman Invasion. I don't see how one could argue it wasn't a native decision. Calc ᛣ is found on: the Bewcastle Cross; (supposedly) the Blythburgh Writing Tablet; the Bramham Moor Ring; the Great Urswick Stone; the Kingmoor Ring; the Ruthwell Cross; Thornhill Stone 3. Gar ᚸ is found on the Ruthwell Cross and maybe the Bewcastle Cross.
@@Hurlebatte I guess I mean in the sense that, without Latin as a motifying factor, would runemasters have readapted the rune to "x" anyways? And thank you for the inscription corpus! I am glad that this opens me up to using new runes I have done some work with dalecarian runes, looking mainly at which were most commonly used, the oldest attestations, and then trying to create a mostly none-roman affected futhark. When doing this I knowticed that the one rune that seemed to be lost permanently, replaced by latin even in the late 16th century, was the D rune. However I wonder, could this be a native simplification of the original D rune, simply cutting it in half? It seems to me that the D rune was always very similar to latin, only being mirrored to itself and then "jaggedized" to fit the format of all runes as they are carved. I also know thst as runes come from an old italic script the relation isn't unfounded. Normally I would write it off as influence but I then look at how novel some of the new dalecarian runes were, inventing a G rune that looks based off of R, and seemingly randomly reassigning new phonemes to new unused runes (which is partially on topic).
My guess is that the Z-to-X development was based on Latin influence and wouldn't've occurred without knowledge of the Latin alphabet. Still, the development occurred while Futhorc was a living script, and before the Norman Invasion, so I'd say the decision was native in the sense that Futhorc-using Englishmen made the decision. By the time of Dalecarlian runes, North Germanic speakers hadn't used ᛞ in like 700 years (see "Östergötland Runic Inscription 43"). There are other features of the Dalecarlian runes that seem like Latin influence, so I think Latin influence is a simpler explanation for that Dalecarlian D you're talking about.
@@Hurlebatte That all makes sense! Thank you so much for taking the time to answer my questions, I love your videos and hope you the best!
no problum
i think its from ᚱ as W is pronounced very similarly to R, with some people (like kids) even being unable to pronounce r and instead pronouncing it as w
*English speaking kids from today, make that conflation. Because their R is an approximant. It's very different to the trill that PG is reconstructed with.
🇨🇳🇨🇳🇨🇳
New roots spelling video lets goooo
I do this with younger futhark but with nordic (broadly swedish, danish, norwegian). Most my rune choices are based on the Codex Runicus as well as later runestones from mainly Sweden (where most runestones are anyways) so getting old east norse spellings generally
Good stuff.
What about the letter yughy? /jk Fascinating video, i hadn't seen quite this much before about the letter.
Just a thought, perhaps the germanic people of old were also influenced by the 12 signs. This seems to be common around the world and history. I doubt it would be a perfect comparison. But I can imagine all humans building calendars around the equinoxes and solstices. The fact that our current calendar isn't built around that is actually kind of silly to me. Like December should be shifted back a bit and simply be Sagittarius. The Chinese have it right, new year should be in the spring. What we celebrate as new year in the west is arbitrary and silly. If someone placed the runes that way and contemplated the astrological signs and their journey, then we would probably find a really interesting order way of lining up the runes.
before you get a tattoo
Could you alternatively use Weald instead of wood in rain forest? Like Rainweald?
That would be a little iffy because Old English ƿeald/ƿald became Modern English wold and its meaning changed.
Ic wæs bliðe for ðære gebetunge þe þu dydest, and ic willige ðin fílman and þone micclan fílman þe ic gesáwe. (The correction you are doing made me pleased at it, and I will like your video and great video I watched.)
That's one of my favourite books on runes. It's well written and easy to understand.
I think your theory is spot on.
What about the evidence of this rune in the elder futhark inscriptions before the “Anglo Saxon futhorc reform”? Antonsen definitely makes a good argument for the original assignment of /æ:/. But why does /e/ get no love when the reconstructed name has an “ei” in it (eihaz)?
I haven't studied Proto-Germanic and don't have anything useful to say on this topic.
My grandma is part German 🇩🇪 and Nordic 🇳🇴
Not if I can help it.
Ive been finding anglo saxon history so very fascinating of late. According to a family memeber they traced my family name back to the 7th century. Id love to get a tattoo with my surname (Bowes) in Futhorc runes. But really strugging to understand it. Can it be literally transferred from modern english to Futhorc? So for example B would be berc O would be os W would be wyn E would be eh and S would be sigel? Or is it not as simple as that? Ive been stewing on this for about a year now and can not find a definitive answer. Great video by the way very informative.
If you keep the spelling mechanisms of the Modern English Latin alphabet, and simply switch out Latin letters for runes, that's more of a runic cipher than a full-fledged instance of runic. I prefer to write Modern English without changing the general sounds and rules of Futhorc. If Bowes rhymes with "knows" then I would write ᛒᚩᛋ. If Bowes rhymes with "cows" then I'd write ᛒᚫᚢᛋ.
I have more to say on this topic after reading the scholarly book "Runic Amulets and Magic Objects" by MacLeod and Mees. The book puts forth that some runes were used as abbreviations for magical words like ᚨᛚᚢ and ᛚᚨᚢᚲᚨᛉ. I think it's worth getting. The book is thick but it has lots of information I didn't know about when I made this video.
ᚦᛖᚷᚾᛣᛇ᛫ᚠᚢᚱ᛫ᚦᛟ᛫ᚱᚢᚾᛚᚩᚱ᛬ᚫᚷ᛫ᛚᛖᚱᚾᛞ᛫ᚻᚫᚢ᛫ᛏᚢ᛫ᚱᚫᛖᛏ᛫ᚦᚱᚢ᛫ᚦᛖᛗ
Thegnkch for tho runlor ag lernd hau to raet thru them Thanks for the runelore, I learned how to write through them.
@@al3xa723 theyngks fur thuh runlor ay lernd hau tu rait thru them
I realy love this runic system. it is easy to understand for most english speakers. that said though, when i started using it, i immediately made some changes. mostly its the same. but some letters got changed and addid. ᚧ & ᚡ were added from later runes for /θ/ and /ð/. ᚸ now meiks the /ʤ/ and ᚣ is now /ju/. below is a re write of your dog story from the end now as a limeric useing my version. :ᚧᛖᚱ·ᚹᛟᚾᛋ·ᚹᚪᛋ·ᚫ·ᛞᚩᚷ.ᚩᚢᚻ·ᛋᚩᚢ·ᛚᚪᚢᛞ. ᚻᛁᛋ·ᛒᚪᚱᛣ·ᛈᛁᛖᚱᛥ·ᚦᚱᚢ·ᚪᚾᛠ·ᛣᛚᚪᚢᛞ: ᚧᛖ·ᛣᚫᛏ·ᛗᛖᛁᛞ·ᚪ·ᛏᚱᚫᛈ.ᛒᛟᛏ·ᛁᛏ·ᚠᛖᛚ·ᚹᛁᚧ·ᚪ·ᛋᚾᚪᛈ. ᚾᚪᚹ·ᚧᛖ·ᛞᚩᚷᛋ·ᚾᚩᛁᛋ·ᛖᛣᚩᚢᛋ·ᚢᚾᛒᚫᚹᛞ: :ᚻᛖᚱᛚᛖᛒᚪᛏ:ᛄᛟᛝᚷᛖᚱ·ᚠᚢᚦᚩᚱᚳ:
I should've brought up that these staves are also cool in that they are siblings to Canaanish staves, not offspring of them like most staves.
Did the elder futhark have ᛡ for an /a/ type sound and then it disappeared and then reappeared as an /i:/ sound (maybe as a bind of ᛁᚷ)?
I think ᛡ only ended up as an /a/ type rune among Proto-Norse speakers. Among Anglo-Frisian speakers, ᛡ remained a /j/ type rune.
6:16 Interesting thing about Ear ᛠ. “Heard” used to be the way they said “hard”. So one could say that the English also had a similar sound development to the frisians in some cases
You should no-joke add undertitles in Fuþark at the bottom while Modern English ones on the top of the video, methinks
Hey so I'm trying to spell tyrs name with runes and I'm having trouble figuring out what rune represents the letter y because I'm finding different runes for the letter y but i can't seem to find the what correct one is
It's my understanding that the [y] sound, which sounds like Modern German's Ü, was usually spelled with ᚢ in "standard" Younger Futhark. Later on some people started using ᚤ or ᛦ for that sound, but you can ignore that if you're trying to stick to "standard" Viking Age Younger Futhark.
@@Hurlebattesweet thanks I've been trying to figure it out because I've been wanting to get a tattoo spelling tyr in runes but couldn't find out how to spell correctly. So it would be written like this?ᛏᚢᚱ
I think it might be ᛏᚢᛦ. Have you seen Jackson Crawford's video "The Younger Futhark Runes ᚱ (reið) and ᛦ (ýr)"?
@@Hurlebatteok I'll definitely check it out thanks
there actually was another question I had that I forgot about, I was wondering as well how to spell Odin with runes?
You mentioned (somewhere) that ᛇ never made both a vowel sound and a consonant sound in the same text. Do you think that is intentional or it just so happened that it didn’t have to opportunity to do both. Like maybe none of the words had both sounds present.
I suspect it was intentional but since there aren't many known Futhorc inscriptions it's hard to be confident.
When ᛇ began to be associated with /ç/, wasn’t ᚻ already a valid rune for that sound?
I don't think there's consensus on when ᛇ was first associated with [ç]. ᚻ was a valid rune for [ç], but since ᚻ handled [h], [x], and [ç], and since ᛇ was totally redundant, I guess it felt right to take [x] and [ç] from ᚻ and give them to ᛇ.
What’s the story behind ᚻᛋ exactly? Was the idea that it was more of a /çs/ sound rather than a /ks/ sound? How prevalent was that combination?
I thought so, but I was told that it might've just been a conservative spelling which no longer reflected the pronunciation. It was apparently pronounced something like /xs/ in Proto-Germanic, and ᚻᛋ and ᛇᛋ might reflect that old pronunciation. Apparently the spelling "rihsigende" shows that a scribe used HS to represent a combination that probably wasn't /xs/, so that might be evidence that HS, ᚻᛋ, and ᛇᛋ were conservative spellings which were being used for /ks/ whether or not /ks/ came from /xs/.
@@Hurlebatte that makes sense! We can see that pronunciation in random conservative germanic languages too. Fuhs and Fuchs etc
Could you make a video about futhorc punctuation and space markers?
Futhorc didn't really have punctuation.
@@Hurlebatte I guess it would be a short video then haha. But really, I see ᛬ a fair amount in the corpus, for example. It seems that they used space markers more than things like "sentence enders" for example.
Yeah, no real sentence enders, just word dividers, and most inscriptions don't even use those, and the ones that do are often flippant with them.
Thanks for the information about the doubling of runes to indicate vowel length. Was the video intended to cut off immediately after you mentioned that?
Ya it's supposed to end there.
I hadn't realised that the name of the letter yogh was directly derived from the name of the rune ᛇ. That connection explains a lot.
I think that's more assumed than conclusive.
þank you
Its really difficult for me to hear the audio even at max volume when im driving. If there was some way you could increase the volume by 2 or 3x that would be really helpful! Thanks for the interesting videos.
How would you transcribe "þæs oferēode, þisses swā mæg" from the poem Deor and have you thought about making a video transcribing in practice
I like consistently using word dividers, and I prefer the convention of showing gemination, so I'd write the following. ᚦᚫᛋ᛬ᚩᚠᛖᚱᛖᚩᛞᛖ᛬ᚦᛁᛋᛋᛖᛋ᛬ᛋᚹᚪ᛬ᛗᚫᚷ I haven't thought about making a transcribing practice video.
@@Hurlebatte Thank you very much I appreciate that response!
A good film þu madest. I luf þe friþful ludes 😁
Þank þee, kind ƿie.
In Nottingham England I hear thank Yo a lot, just phonetically similar. Cheers Herb
I've always liked saying Winterfilleth for Winterfylleþ
Cool kind sunds bro! 😎😎😎
I plan to read out an Anglish translation of Robin Hood and the Monk with this footage as the background. I'd film Sherwood but it's too far away.
Looking forward to it.
COMMENTARY 1) I should've pronounced base with /z/ not /s/. 2) Hewen should've been spelled hewn.
But cove would come from cave which comes from Latin cavitas .
Etymonline says: "cove (n.1) early 14c., "den, cave, gollow nook," from Old English cofa "small chamber, cell," from Proto-Germanic *kubon (compare Old High German kubisi "tent, hut," German Koben "pigsty," Old Norse kofi "hut, shed")."
@@Hurlebatte hmmmm... maybe.
"Wold" is also a good one for "forest". Interestingly, it can also mean "plain" or a "hill" sometimes. That could be a semantic borrowing from Old Norse, since their cognate means "plain" too. That meaning also showed up in English at the same time other Old Norse loans started showing up in writing. It could also be since a lot of the places that were once forests were being cut down into empty plains and hills, and "forest" was already being borrowed from French, the unneeded "wold" shifted to talk about the now treeless countryside.
I forgot to add that one.
i know it's a calque of a german word, but i like 'hinderland', which means roughly: the land behind a port (countryside, wilderness)
We need more spoken Anglish!
Tƿo þings: Hƿen geƿ sag "Semitisc," geƿ ƿeeld þe be-Ledened licness of þe Biblisc leed "Scem" and þe Greek ƿrordtail "-ite." Sins efen in mean Englisc, ƿe sag "Shem," not "Sem," sculdn't þe more Hebreƿ speaking be þe grund of an Anglisc word? Furþermore, "-ling" is þe ƿordtail ƿeelded for offspring, ƿe sculd sƿap "-ite" ƿið "-ling," geeliding "Scemling." I ƿuld also make þe ilk scift for oðer Bliblisc ƿords for folks: "Canaanite"→"Canaanling," and so on.
In this case I went with what Dutch and German do.
Oh, and last night I noticed Bosworth-Toller has an entry on Ismahelitisc, with one passage cited: "Æt ðam Ismahelitiscum mannum".
Pretty good eyn sound for ma’in
A handful of these are Celtic and North Germanic, by the way.
Great woodcraft for the folk. Cheers from Icel land, Sherwood Forest, Mercia
I think German Runes would handle the consonant shifts like this: ᛈ /pf/ ᛏ /ts/ ᛞ /t/ ᚦ /d/