MedCat ✔️
MedCat ✔️
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Upper GI Bleed Management - An Overly Simplified Algorithm
The basics of managing a patient you have diagnosed with an upper GI bleed.
Upper GI Bleed
AABCCP
Airway, airway, airway (if hemodynamically unstable, resuscitate as much as possible prior to intubation). Make NPO.
Access: two large bore IVs (16 gauge)
Blood: consented and T&S and crossmatch, give blood if unstable or Hgb less than 7 g/dL, +/- massive transfusion
Coagulopathy: reverse if indicated (be very careful in those with cirrhosis, as they are actually in a tenuous state between bleeding and clotting)
Circulation: MAP goal greater than 65, use pressors if needed
PPI: pantoprazole 80 mg IV x1 followed by 40 mg IV BID, drips are not evidence-based!
If cirrhosis:
i) ceftriaxone 1 g IV qD for infection prophylaxis (has a mortality benefit). Why? Patients with cirrhosis have more of a chance for translocation of gut bacteria during acute bleeding, which predisposes to infection.
ii) octreotide 50 mcg bolus followed by 72 hr drip
And, of course, call GI.
If not working, balloon tamponade (often a temporizing measure while awaiting delayed endoscopy)
Sengstaken-Blakemore tube
Minnesota tube
Interventional Procedures
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
Esophageal transection
Gastroesophageal junction devascularization
A special thanks to The ICU Curriculum (www.youtube.com/@theicucurriculum) for their more in-depth discussion of this topic in the context of shock as well as Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine.
_______________________________________________________________
All content and media on this channel is created and published online for informational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice and should not be relied on as health or personal advice.
Переглядів: 129

Відео

High-Yield Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth Muscle | Last-Minute Studying | MCAT 2024
Переглядів 1,4 тис.4 місяці тому
These are the facts most likely to be tested about the different muscle types on the MCAT. Please like and subscribe if you find these quick videos useful! #mcat #mcat2024 #mcatstudy
Krebs Cycle: Last-Minute High-Yield Studying for MCAT | MCAT 2024
Переглядів 2,8 тис.5 місяців тому
For anyone doing last-minute studying for the MCAT! This is not intended as a comprehensive review, but rather a quick summary of what I consider the highest-yield quick concepts I would prep someone with the day before their exam. Comprehensive Amino Acid Playlist: bit.ly/3sMGBUG
Pediatric Diaphragm vs Bell & How to Remove the Pediatric Diaphragm
Переглядів 41 тис.Рік тому
TL;DR: the pediatric diaphragm is not a bell! Comprehensive Amino Acid Playlist (MCAT): bit.ly/3sMGBUG #littmann #stethoscope All content and media on this channel is created and published online for informational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice and should not be relied on as health or personal advice.
Titration of Phosphoric Acid + pKa Values You Should Memorize | MCAT
Переглядів 6 тис.2 роки тому
TL;DR: the titration curve of phosphoric acid, H3PO4, depends on its three pKa values: 2.2, 7.2, and 12.4. These are pKas that are useful to have memorized for the MCAT, but it is much better not only to have them memorized, but be able to apply the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to the titration curve of this compound. Today’s MedCat video covers an extremely common biological molecule, phosph...
Start and Stop Codons in 1 Minute + Stop Codon Mnemonic | MCAT
Переглядів 4,9 тис.2 роки тому
TL;DR: The stop codons, as they appear 5’ to 3’ in mRNA, are UAA (U Are Annoying), UGA (U Go Away), UAG (U Are Gone), and the start codon is AUG. Today’s MedCat video covers all the codons you need to know for the MCAT-and there are only four! The stop codons, which are written as they appear in mRNA, not DNA, are UAA, UGA, and UAG. The mnemonic, U Are Annoying, U Go Away, and U Are Gone, is a ...
Ribosomal Subunit Weights (Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes) + Svedbergs | MCAT
Переглядів 6 тис.2 роки тому
TL;DR: the ribosomal subunit weights for prokaryotes are 30S and 50S, while the whole ribosome is 70S. The corresponding ribosomal subunit weights for eukaryotes are 40S, 60S, and 80S. Prokaryotes: 30S, 50S, 70S (Mnemonic: Prokaryotes are Prime OR prokaryotes are odd) Eukaryotes: 40S, 60S, 80S (Mnemonic: Eukaryotes are Even) Today’s MedCat video covers ribosomal subunit weights, which are measu...
Drawing the Biochemical Structure of DNA | MCAT
Переглядів 4,9 тис.2 роки тому
TL;DR: knowing how to draw the biochemical structure of DNA is important! It will give you a great framework for answering MCAT questions on test day. Today’s MedCat video covers the biochemical structure of DNA (2’-deoxyribonucleic acid) from start to finish, mentioning important structural features-like how DNA is 2’-deoxy-that will help net you extra points on test day, particularly in the B...
Compass Blots: Northern, Western, Southern, & Eastern | MCAT
Переглядів 4,6 тис.2 роки тому
TL;DR: Compass blots assay for different molecules: Western - protein, Northern - RNA, Eastern - post-translational protein modification, and Southern - DNA. Today’s MedCat video covers a variety of different so-called “compass blots,” named for their specificity for various types of molecules. Western blots assay for the presence of proteins, often with the use of a labeled antibody and electr...
DNA Replication + Practice Problem | MCAT
Переглядів 9 тис.2 роки тому
Note: be able to distinguish between eukaryotic and prokaryotic versions of some of these enzymes. DNA replication is unique for the MCAT (and biology in general) in that the prokaryotic enzymes (DNA Pol III, for example) are the main teaching points rather than their eukaryotic counterparts. TL;DR: DNA replication involves a variety of associated proteins and enzymes that you should be familia...
Rate-Limiting Enzymes and Their Regulation | MCAT
Переглядів 14 тис.2 роки тому
TL;DR: The rate-limiting enzyme of any metabolic process is the enzyme that catalyzes the slowest, or rate-limiting, step of that metabolic process. Its regulation is specifically important because it determines not just the rate of that specific reaction, but the rate of the overall metabolic process. Today’s MedCat video covers the different rate-determining (aka rate-limiting) enzymes of gly...
Histone Acetylation & DNA Methylation + Practice Problem | MCAT
Переглядів 21 тис.2 роки тому
TL;DR: Histone acetylation neutralizes the positive charge on lysine, reducing the Coulombic positive-negative attractive force between the positively-charged histone and negatively-charged DNA. DNA methylation usually reduces transcription by reducing the availability of space for transcription factors and RNA polymerases. Abstract of article by Shaw et al. on net charge on a protein: bit.ly/3...
RNA Polymerase I, II, and III + Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase | MCAT
Переглядів 8 тис.2 роки тому
TL;DR: The 3 types of RNA polymerases (enzymes that polymerize nucleotides to make ribonucleic acid) are RNA Polymerase I, II, and III. RNA Pol I makes rRNA in the nucleolus; RNA Pol II makes mRNA, miRNA, and snRNA; and RNA Pol III makes tRNA and 5S rRNA. Today’s MedCat video covers the three different types of RNA polymerases and how we can memorize them for test day. Note that RNA Polymerase ...
Thank You for 1000 Subscribers! | MCAT
Переглядів 1812 роки тому
TL;DR: Thank you! Today’s MedCat video covers my gratitude to you. Time Stamps: Thank You: (0:00) Comprehensive Amino Acid Playlist: bit.ly/3sMGBUG Check out Aratasaki, the beat maker behind my intro and outro: bit.ly/2Pma5v0 All content and media on this channel is created and published online for informational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advic...
Histones, Nucleosomes, Chromatin, Euchromatin, and Heterochromatin | MCAT
Переглядів 7 тис.2 роки тому
TL;DR: Chromatin = DNA histones (and other proteins) RNA. Histones form an octamer and are sealed with the H1 histone protein, allowing for tighter packaging of DNA (more heterochromatic). Euchromatin is loose and transcriptionally active; heterochromatin is compact and not transcriptionally active. Today’s MedCat video covers how histones interact with DNA, specifically covering how two copies...
Memorize Structure of Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil | MCAT
Переглядів 15 тис.2 роки тому
Memorize Structure of Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil | MCAT
Why You Don't Need to Take a Sociology Class for the MCAT | MCAT
Переглядів 4,9 тис.2 роки тому
Why You Don't Need to Take a Sociology Class for the MCAT | MCAT
Electromagnetic Spectrum + Practice Problem | MCAT
Переглядів 5 тис.3 роки тому
Electromagnetic Spectrum Practice Problem | MCAT
Sign Conventions for Curved Mirrors: Concave and Convex | MCAT
Переглядів 6 тис.3 роки тому
Sign Conventions for Curved Mirrors: Concave and Convex | MCAT
Index of Refraction + Practice Problem | MCAT 2021
Переглядів 6 тис.3 роки тому
Index of Refraction Practice Problem | MCAT 2021
How to Never Mix Up Reabsorption and Secretion | MCAT
Переглядів 5 тис.3 роки тому
How to Never Mix Up Reabsorption and Secretion | MCAT
Everything You Need to Know for MCAT Test Day | MCAT
Переглядів 4,2 тис.3 роки тому
Everything You Need to Know for MCAT Test Day | MCAT
Biochemical Structure of ATP | MCAT
Переглядів 8 тис.3 роки тому
Biochemical Structure of ATP | MCAT
How to Take and Review MCAT Practice Exams | MCAT
Переглядів 1,9 тис.3 роки тому
How to Take and Review MCAT Practice Exams | MCAT
Sign Conventions for Thin Lenses-Tricks for Memorizing | MCAT
Переглядів 11 тис.3 роки тому
Sign Conventions for Thin Lenses-Tricks for Memorizing | MCAT
Trigonometry for the MCAT-Approximating Values | MCAT
Переглядів 5 тис.3 роки тому
Trigonometry for the MCAT-Approximating Values | MCAT
Should You Use Anki for the MCAT? | MCAT
Переглядів 1,2 тис.3 роки тому
Should You Use Anki for the MCAT? | MCAT
Specific Gravity for the MCAT | Fluids | MCAT
Переглядів 7 тис.3 роки тому
Specific Gravity for the MCAT | Fluids | MCAT
Structural Imaging for the MCAT: CT vs MRI Scans | Brain Imaging | MCAT
Переглядів 11 тис.3 роки тому
Structural Imaging for the MCAT: CT vs MRI Scans | Brain Imaging | MCAT
Conservative and Nonconservative Mutations + Amino Acid Mutation Notation | MCAT
Переглядів 16 тис.3 роки тому
Conservative and Nonconservative Mutations Amino Acid Mutation Notation | MCAT

КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @ayeshasaeed3786
    @ayeshasaeed3786 4 дні тому

    Can this be done vice versa? I'm in paediatrics, so can the adult side diaphragm cover be removed to make it the bell? i.e making the litman classic 3 a paediatric diaphragm and bell

  • @aiswariyathomas3692
    @aiswariyathomas3692 16 днів тому

    Hello what is the point of taking this off? If Im listening to one's bp, would I have to take the pediatric diaphragm off?

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 15 днів тому

      Personally, I think you can auscultate blood pressure well with the diaphragm, but strictly speaking you should use the bell to auscultate the blood pressure. That is the point of taking the pediatric diaphragm: to use the true bell.

  • @AS-tf3mh
    @AS-tf3mh 26 днів тому

    THANK YOU!!!🤩 I was suffering due to this. But now I did it😊

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 25 днів тому

      I'm so glad I could help!

  • @loewenberg11
    @loewenberg11 29 днів тому

    I think better on ketones🙂

  • @user-dn5gm5sw9g
    @user-dn5gm5sw9g Місяць тому

    this guy is goateddddddd

  • @Preetiwoman4evr
    @Preetiwoman4evr Місяць тому

    Not sure if this will help anyone but this is how I memorized this. All Gods are Pure (Adenine/ guanine = Purines). To remember that Guanine has the double bond to the oxygen I always write it or think of it as GuOnine. Same for adenine, I'll write it as adeNine to remember that there is a NH2 group there instead. CUT the Py. (Cytosine, Thymine, uracil are pyrimidines). Thymine = thy-methyl-amine and then for cytosine I always put a cross through the O because its the only pyrimidine without the 2nd =0 . It's helped me to think of it like this; hope it helps someone else! :)

  • @HeisenbergMCAT
    @HeisenbergMCAT Місяць тому

    I like to remember the one letter abbreviations as follows: ED (erectile dysfunction) is negative just like the respective amino acids!

  • @paullecat1230
    @paullecat1230 2 місяці тому

    To use the tunable diaphragm, you need to know what a real (physical) bell sounds like. The bell is VERY important because it allows you to hear low pitched sounds like gallops and mitral stenosis murmurs. I choose NOT to use a tunable diaphragm, because I want to make a conscious effort to distinguish the two and deliberately listen for both. I instruct my students to remove the pediatric side tunable diaphragm, so they can learn the difference. I'm afraid many never really learn, and in so doing miss very important sounds! Thank you for making this video!! Paul Lecat, MD, Professor Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, and Family Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical Universities.

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 2 місяці тому

      Thanks for your comment! Would love to chat with you.

  • @michaeltimpanaro5622
    @michaeltimpanaro5622 2 місяці тому

    During embryological development, when the optic nerve, ganglia and retina are finished being developed, are the transcription genes turned off by methylation? Thank you

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 2 місяці тому

      I am not sure, but I would venture to guess that the process is highly complex and would not be as simple as just methylation. For the MCAT, I don't believe that you would need to know this level of detail!

  • @nihanchelik
    @nihanchelik 2 місяці тому

    Simple way of explaining and really good drawing. Thank you very much ❤

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 2 місяці тому

      You're very welcome!

  • @jasminekaur7897
    @jasminekaur7897 2 місяці тому

    Thank you so much for your videos! I've watched your amino acid ones so far and I have a much better understanding of practice questions!! :)

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 2 місяці тому

      Thank you for the kind comment!

  • @tonyolowu3590
    @tonyolowu3590 2 місяці тому

    Hi! great videos! does this section of your playlist cover the physical and chemical foundations of the MCAT?

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 2 місяці тому

      It should, yes, if you are on the Chem/Phys playlist!

  • @ataberktamis9079
    @ataberktamis9079 2 місяці тому

    thank you so much

  • @samuela.mijares6418
    @samuela.mijares6418 3 місяці тому

    Simple & effective. Thanks for your time and efforts.

  • @airquis
    @airquis 3 місяці тому

    Thank you i have just one question, why aren't the yellow dominant alleles ignored in the probability. I'm assuming its because the problem stated that 2 yellow flies are going to be mated?

  • @kunalgupta7878
    @kunalgupta7878 3 місяці тому

    Please keep it up!

  • @ICantSeeYourRepliesDickhead
    @ICantSeeYourRepliesDickhead 3 місяці тому

    4:24 isn't that 3' to 5' instead of 5 to 3?

  • @miriamhan7942
    @miriamhan7942 3 місяці тому

    Thank u for this video. I actually have better retention and concentration watching shorter formats compred to long videos.

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 3 місяці тому

      Great! I'm glad it's helpful.

  • @joytaboh1219
    @joytaboh1219 3 місяці тому

    taking my test on the 22 wish me luck

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 3 місяці тому

      You got it!

    • @jayjackson3374
      @jayjackson3374 3 місяці тому

      Same brother, getting some last minute studying in😂

  • @ClaireSamuelsVA
    @ClaireSamuelsVA 3 місяці тому

    Your channel is so highly underrated!! Thank you for posting such quality content

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 3 місяці тому

      Thank you so much! I really appreciate it!

  • @thefreakbinge
    @thefreakbinge 4 місяці тому

    Ohhhh, my dummas just used it as it is😭😭😭

  • @medcatmcat
    @medcatmcat 4 місяці тому

    How's it going everyone! I'm making some shorter videos with the thought that seeing this video once will yield you hopefully at least one question on the MCAT. Let me know how you feel about the videos with shorter format.

    • @17kdancer
      @17kdancer 4 місяці тому

      Super helpful! Thanks so much!!

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 4 місяці тому

      @@17kdancer Yes of course!

    • @kevingibrayel160
      @kevingibrayel160 3 місяці тому

      Amazing, I love ur channel thank you!!

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 3 місяці тому

      @@kevingibrayel160 Thank you so much!

  • @ArianaMoore-ov1tb
    @ArianaMoore-ov1tb 4 місяці тому

    10/10 thank you so much! This video helped me so much on AAMC 4 exam!!!

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 4 місяці тому

      I'm glad I could help!

  • @sarahalshimary9849
    @sarahalshimary9849 4 місяці тому

    i usually dont comment on youtube videos but im taking my mcat the day after tomorrow and you rly made this click for me. ive been binging your videos since i wanted to do some light content review and ive learned so much. thank you and i hope youre doing well in med school

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 4 місяці тому

      Glad I could help! Thank you so much; these comments make my day. I am doing well!

  • @KatieInTheLight
    @KatieInTheLight 4 місяці тому

    Thank you!

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 4 місяці тому

      You're very welcome!

  • @dianeabaidoo1438
    @dianeabaidoo1438 4 місяці тому

    so if i am understanding correctly both (2/3) fractions came from the F1 punnet for each Ww probability to calc F2 probability?

  • @amayagibson2698
    @amayagibson2698 4 місяці тому

    This really brought everything together

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 4 місяці тому

      I'm glad it helped!

  • @MrRobertFarr
    @MrRobertFarr 5 місяців тому

    Interesting. Actually. Very interesting. And also. Quite useful. Thanks. As here. I have probably. Accidentally poisoned myself. Yet. From memory. I thought of a great remedy and through. Deduction. Perhaps can think of the cause of this discomfort I feel. Now. Unfortunately. I am slightly disabled and canget out to the store like I used to. Where I was checking out the packets of foods as. I was buying them. So. I ordered home delivery actually and by coincidence. I happen to know a bit about the culture of Coca-Cola. And through research online. I discovered some background to a drink named Dr. Pepper. Now . I am lying here . Feeling a little discomfort. Behind my breast bone. A classic sympton of Phosphoric Acid poisoning. According to online reports. My teeth also feel a little tender perhaps due to. As usual. I forgot to brush them for a while. Which is not usually much of a problem. So. Remembering what I read of Dr Pepper. It was formulated in Texas by a Pharmacist possibly who sold sodas. 2. It sold well in Mississippi near to a point where it was manufactured . Coca Cola . Is partly Berkshire Hathaway owned and Coke is marketed through parties in the stadiums of America and through The Coca Cola lorry near Christmas. Here in Plymouth. When a lorry full of Coke is driven up. Onto Plymouth Hoe. Plymouth. Devon. England. United Kingdom. British Isles. Off Continental Western Europe. So. The sodium content of the formulations. I am guessing is crucial. However it's likely that. Coca Cola distribution. Just distributes a syrup for adding to local water supplies. From memory sodium content of water varies. As does Chlorine conyent. I guess. High Sodium content and a lower chlorine content might be suitable here so. From memory . I am guessing that fits the profile of Evian. Mineral water. Thus. I should seek Evian as a mixer for Tge Cratr of Dr. Pepper that I bought myself as a treat. Yet. That's a bit of a drag to walk to the store and formulate my own improved version of Dr. Pepper right ?

  • @jigglymonkey4317
    @jigglymonkey4317 5 місяців тому

    ok so how does losing an electron increase the number of protons for beta decay... wouldn't only the charge increase?

  • @boisvert593mustdieX2
    @boisvert593mustdieX2 5 місяців тому

    T - 12 hours 🙊

  • @Yankee4ever2
    @Yankee4ever2 5 місяців тому

    Taking on 4/26, appreciate all the work you are doing

  • @nairbnooy2466
    @nairbnooy2466 6 місяців тому

    Yo, taking mine on 4/12, thank you i love you bro <3

  • @Yankee4ever2
    @Yankee4ever2 6 місяців тому

    Back at it again with the dope content

  • @kennethdilorenzo1043
    @kennethdilorenzo1043 6 місяців тому

    Anáthema

  • @Godsgirl12345
    @Godsgirl12345 6 місяців тому

    Hi, could you do a video on Weber’s Law ( & JND) and some possible AAMC style questions please.

  • @AlyssaWilliams-nk8sm
    @AlyssaWilliams-nk8sm 6 місяців тому

    This video is such a clear and concise explanation. Thank you! Very helpful

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 6 місяців тому

      Thank you so much!

  • @SS-ed4ol
    @SS-ed4ol 7 місяців тому

    Why is concentration of glucose in the lumen lower than that of the intestinal epithelial cell? After a carb diet, won’t the luminal glucose be higher? I always get confused with this.

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 7 місяців тому

      **disclaimer: this process is probably way more complicated than this, and there could be wrong suppositions I make, but this is how I think of it in terms of MCAT concepts. I would disagree with the statement that after a carb-rich meal that the blood luminal glucose would be higher than that of the inside of the intestinal cell. The blood luminal glucose is "high" (relative to fasting glucose, but not to the inside of the intestinal cell) after a carbohydrate-rich meal because of the intestinal epithelial cells having a higher intracellular concentration of glucose! For passive transport to occur, the intracellular concentration must be higher than the blood glucose concentration. You could also think of it in terms of ins and outs. The way the system is set up, more glucose is coming in the apical side of the cell than is leaving via the basal side of the cell, so the enterocyte (should) have more glucose than the blood.

    • @SS-ed4ol
      @SS-ed4ol 7 місяців тому

      @@medcatmcat Thank you so much for this detailed explanation. I do understand that the concentration of glucose in the intestinal epithelial cell is higher than that in the blood (basal side) for facilitated diffusion to occur down the concentration gradient. However, what I don’t understand is that, after a high carb meal, wouldn’t the concentration of glucose in the INTESTINAL LUMEN be greater than that in the intestinal cell (on the apical side)? Why do we need secondary active transport for glucose here and why is glucose going UP its concentration gradient?

  • @StudiousSeanReads
    @StudiousSeanReads 7 місяців тому

    Around 6:21, you say gotten rid of a negative charge when the Lysine residue was acetylated, but it was a positive charge (basic) that was removed, thus lowering the pI because it became less basic or more acidic

  • @M87VirgoA
    @M87VirgoA 7 місяців тому

    On semeiotics book I read: "Use the bell to listen when measuring patient's pressure" and I was like... WTF is a Bell? I HAVE NO BELL... Then I found this video... Thank you!

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 7 місяців тому

      You're so welcome!

  • @reagandennen619
    @reagandennen619 7 місяців тому

    Doesn't RNA polymerase III also transcribe tRNA?

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 7 місяців тому

      Correct, that is in the video!

  • @indiraalonso-diaz1260
    @indiraalonso-diaz1260 7 місяців тому

    do you have channel recommendations to study this part for the mcat? so that I can have a comprehensive grasp on the material that is most likely to be tested?

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 7 місяців тому

      As far as UA-cam, I'm not quite sure to be totally honest. I think the best way to really get a comprehensive understanding would be to use a text like Kaplan or Princeton Review and supplement with UA-cam search as needed--I would not feel comfortable with any channel that claims it is truly "comprehensive."

  • @Eclipsedeluna22
    @Eclipsedeluna22 8 місяців тому

    You are the best, this was an amazing simplified explanation! My Kaplan book was sooo dense about it.

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 8 місяців тому

      Glad it was helpful!

  • @rayaany.4069
    @rayaany.4069 8 місяців тому

    I’ve been binging your videos. You help me more than you can know.

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 8 місяців тому

      Thank you so much! This is the motivation I need to film this next video.

    • @rayaany.4069
      @rayaany.4069 8 місяців тому

      @@medcatmcat I understand that its discouraging to put effort and not get a lot of views, but thats just the nature of making educational content on youtube nowadays. Ive sent this to my friends so my whole community will be benefitting from your work. The way i see it…youre a hidden gem for people who want to do good. Theres some merit in that too!

  • @rayaany.4069
    @rayaany.4069 8 місяців тому

    This helps!! Thanks!

  • @Triluvstea
    @Triluvstea 8 місяців тому

    Thank you :)

  • @medcatmcat
    @medcatmcat 9 місяців тому

    Thanks for 5k! A little late but I really didn't think my channel would be this popular, and thank you all for the very kind comments.

  • @forgentlesoul4054
    @forgentlesoul4054 9 місяців тому

    I still am quite confused as to why histidine (pKa = 6) isn't considered weakly acidic but basic? and you clearly indicated that arginine and lysine having overall charge of +1 from the diagram 8:20 but you call them polar (not charged)? Great video :) I see you uploaded them 3 yrs ago but I still find it very useful thx

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 9 місяців тому

      Hello! I'm glad you find them useful. The classification of histidine is frustrating. It is a good reminder of another high-yield concept, though, which is the definition of pKa: the pH at which an equal amount of protonated and nonprotonated species will exist of that particular molecule. If we solve the Henderson-Hasselbach equation and give [A-] and [HA] the same value, we see that pKa must equal pH. This reminds us of an even more fundamental concept-not easy, but fundamental-which is that when we talk about histidine, singular, we actually mean an unfathomable number of histidine molecules. For simplicity, we say histidine is neutral at physiologic pH, 7.4, because the pH > pKa, and the proton that histidine sometimes likes to have is taken by the solution. However, because there are a ton of histidine molecules, some of them are going to be protonated, and in fact, because the pKa is reasonably close to the pH, a nonsignificant number of them will be found protonated in the body. What's more is that the entirety of the body is not homogenous, and some local enzymes and environments in the body will favor one form over another-a little bit of hand-waving here since this is above my pay grade. Let me know if that makes sense.

  • @jacobkimba1480
    @jacobkimba1480 9 місяців тому

    If the 'constant bell chime' (first stimulus) is replaced entirely by a sharp ringing would it still be dishabituation? Wouldnt the chime have to continue simultaneously with the ringing for dishabituation to occur?

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 9 місяців тому

      It would not be, as the stimulus that had been habituated, or "gotten used to," would just disappear, so you wouldn't be able to notice it again. You must perceive a stimulus similarly to how you did before you were habituated, or before you had gotten used to something.

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 9 місяців тому

      Further, if you are worried about this for the MCAT, I seriously doubt that they would present anything other than a classical situation of dishabituation, so I wouldn't perseverate on it for too long, as there is a lot more to learn-unless you are genuinely interested, in which case, hats off to your love of learning!

  • @theodorevegh6030
    @theodorevegh6030 9 місяців тому

    "Atomic Habits" by James Clear is the best book about learning how to study for the MCAT. IMHO. - Ted Vegh ❤️🇺🇸🌎💰💪

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 9 місяців тому

      I'll have to give it a read!

  • @LeMelleKH2
    @LeMelleKH2 10 місяців тому

    It is worth noting that for that model, the diaphragms are tunable. So you will get bell and diaphragm sounds depending on how much pressure. So technically it is a bell, even if you have the peds diaphragm attached.

    • @medcatmcat
      @medcatmcat 9 місяців тому

      You can do that for sure, but depending on patient sensitivity and your preference, I wanted to show the "proper" bell. To my ear, using the bell sounds totally different than pressing hard with the diaphragm.

    • @LeMelleKH2
      @LeMelleKH2 9 місяців тому

      @@medcatmcat Yes, the bell versus pressing hard will always be different. But pressing lightly will be about the same given the tunability