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Chemistry with Dr. Lillard
Приєднався 17 вер 2021
Titration Calculations: Calculate Volume of Titrant
This short video works through an example to show how to calculate the titrant volume needed to reach the equivalence point for a titration reaction. The common mistake with this type of problem is to use the dilution equation, but this is not the correct approach (even though you may get the correct numerical answer). We are not diluting a single substance here. We are reacting two substances in solution, via titration, therefore, we must use solution stoichiometry and show a mol:mol ratio.
Note: This approach works for any type of titration...the important point is that you know the stoichiometry that corresponds to your equivalence point.
Note: This approach works for any type of titration...the important point is that you know the stoichiometry that corresponds to your equivalence point.
Переглядів: 3
Відео
Salt Solutions: Predict Relative Acidity
Переглядів 319 годин тому
In this video, we'll learn how to predict whether a salt solution is acidic, basic, or neutral. The trick here is to break the chemical formula into the cation and the anion, then evaluate each ion. In our examples, the cation may be a Lewis acid, a conjugate acid, or have no effect. The anion may be a conjugate base, an amphiprotic (amphoteric) anion, or have no effect. Once we know that the c...
Weak Bases
19 годин тому
This video works through several examples to calculate the pH and % ionization of a weak base solution. What you should learn from the video is how to apply the steps of the strategy in a consistent manner for each problem. Pay close attention to the calculation to solve for x, because −log x = pOH (not pH). There is an extra step to calculate pH from pOH, which is often overlooked.
Weak Acids
Переглядів 519 годин тому
This video works through several examples to calculate the pH and % ionization of a weak acid solution. We'll learn how to set up a (M)ICE table, and use the assumption to simplify the calculation of x = [H ]. Once you have [H ], then pH = −log[H ]. An added bonus, is that when we check the assumption, that calculation also gives us the % ionization, without any extra work! With weak acid probl...
Relating Ka, Kb, pKa, and pKb
Переглядів 419 годин тому
This video gives examples of how to perform calculations relating Ka, Kb, pKa, and pKb of a conjugate acid-base pair. One thing you'll want to learn from this video is how to do a direct calculation (pKa from Ka, for example). Also, please pay careful attention to how to calculate equilibrium constant information of the conjugate species. This involves first recognizing that you need the equili...
Relating pH and pOH
Переглядів 219 годин тому
This video shows how [H ], [OH−], pH, and pOH are related through the autoionization of water.
Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
Переглядів 219 годин тому
This video works through examples beginning with how to identify conjugate acid-base pairs in a reversible reaction. Then we'll learn how to predict stronger vs weaker conjugate acid, stronger vs weaker conjugate base, and more stable vs less stable conjugate base. We'll also look at how to predict the favored direction of the equilibrium. Rather than memorizing the outcomes, try to follow the ...
Periodic Trends of Acid Strength
Переглядів 319 годин тому
In this video, we'll look at examples to predict the stronger acid using periodic trends. Notice how the one trend that differs is for a binary acid up/down a column, where atom size is the predictor of acid strength rather than electronegativity.
Equilibrium Calculations: Using the Assumption
Переглядів 18Місяць тому
Here we will simplify equilibrium calculations using a (M)ICE table, by making an assumption. The assumption is that the change in x is small compared to the initial concentration. We will use the 5% rule, which means if the change in x is less than or equal to 5%, the assumption is valid and we can ignore that change in x.
Equilibrium Calculations: Perfect Square
Переглядів 108Місяць тому
In this video, we'll work through equilibrium examples where the mass-action expression is a perfect square, having the form a^2/b^2. Recognizing the perfect square is an important simplification for equilibrium problems. In these problems, we will set up a (M)ICE table, enter the E row into the mass-action expression, determine the setup is a perfect square, take the square root of each side, ...
How to Set Up an ICE Table
Переглядів 10Місяць тому
This video shows step-by-step how to set up a reaction table to solve for equilibrium concentrations. These tables are also called ICE tables, where I = initial, C = change, and E = equilibrium. In this video, the units are molarity (M), so I refer to these reaction tables as (M)ICE tables.
Calculate New Equilibrium Constant K
Переглядів 44Місяць тому
In this video we will work through examples that manipulate a set of given equilibrium reactions in order to obtain a target reaction. Modifications include reversing a reaction, multiplying the balancing coefficients by a factor, adding reactions together, and combining some of these manipulations. Then we'll apply the corresponding changes to the values of K, in order to determine K for the t...
Introduction to Equilibrium
Переглядів 151Місяць тому
This video works through the following types of equilibrium examples: set up a mass-action expression, calculate Kc, predict if reactants or products are favored at equilibrium, and compare Q vs K to predict direction to proceed to reach equilibrium. Note: In this video I use a threshold of K = 1 (10^0) to determine if the value of K favors reactants or products. It's really better to use a ran...
Converting Between Kc and Kp
Переглядів 38Місяць тому
This video works through examples involving the conversion between Kc and Kp.
Le Chatelier's Principle & Temperature
Переглядів 7Місяць тому
This video looks at how to make predictions for when an exothermic or endothermic reaction undergoes either an increase or a decrease in temperature. The key points are to first recognize where to write "heat" in the chemical equation, then predict what happens when heat is either added to or removed from the system. If you follow this structure each time, you'll find that these types of predic...
Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds: Names & Formulas
Переглядів 19Місяць тому
Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds: Names & Formulas
Nomenclature of Coordination Complexes: Names & Formulas
Переглядів 11Місяць тому
Nomenclature of Coordination Complexes: Names & Formulas
Nomenclature of Coordination Complexes: How to Name the Metal Ion
Переглядів 9Місяць тому
Nomenclature of Coordination Complexes: How to Name the Metal Ion
Integrated Rate Law: Second Order Calculations
Переглядів 122 місяці тому
Integrated Rate Law: Second Order Calculations
Integrated Rate Law: Zero Order Calculations
Переглядів 362 місяці тому
Integrated Rate Law: Zero Order Calculations
Integrated Rate Law: First Order Calculations
Переглядів 132 місяці тому
Integrated Rate Law: First Order Calculations
Nuclear Decay Kinetics: Breaking Down the Calculations Step-by-Step
Переглядів 153 місяці тому
Nuclear Decay Kinetics: Breaking Down the Calculations Step-by-Step
Integrated Rate Laws: SUPER EASY Way to Understand Plots, Units, and Equations
Переглядів 123 місяці тому
Integrated Rate Laws: SUPER EASY Way to Understand Plots, Units, and Equations
Integrated Rate Laws: Linear Equations to Plots
Переглядів 153 місяці тому
Integrated Rate Laws: Linear Equations to Plots