Відео

Some pollution can prevented through optimization of the combustion process, while some requires downstream treatment. We review methods of preventing/treating dioxins and furans, acid gases, mercury, and particulates. External resources: Emerald EfW - Process: emeraldefw.com/process/ Emerald EfW - Equipment: emeraldefw.com/equipment/

We look at some of the highlights in Ontario Guideline A-7, Guideline A-7: Air Pollution Control, Design and Operation Guidelines for Municipal Waste Thermal Treatment Facilities, and look at the key groups of air pollutants important for thermal treatment emissions: acid gases, dioxans and furans, particulates, NOx, and mercury. External resource: Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation,...

We review the importance of air pollution control for thermal treatment facilities and take a look inside Ontario's Guideline A-7: Air Pollution Control, Design and Operation Guidelines for Municipal Waste Thermal Treatment Facilities. External Resource: Ontario Ministry of Environment, Conservation, and Parks - Guideline A-7: www.ontario.ca/page/guideline-7-air-pollution-control-design-and-ope...

In gasification, increased heat and oxygen pushes the solids, liquids, and gases formed in pyrolysis into a syngas, a mixture containing primarily CO and H2. Syngas can be used directly as a fuel or can be used to synthesize other fuels and materials. External resource: Enerkem: enerkem.com/process-technology/technology-comparison/

Pyrolysis is "cooking" waste to shift it from its native composition into a mixture simpler of solids, liquids, and gases that can be used for energy or materials. External resources: Colin Furze - Wood Powered Lawn Mower: ua-cam.com/video/FK2qK-NCQH8/v-deo.html Yaniv Scherson (Rialto Bioenergy Facility LLC)- Rialto Bioenergy Facility: www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/04/f61/Rialto Bioenerg...

Pyrolysis and gasification are also old technologies, with charcoal production (pyrolysis) thousands of years old and gasification used with coal and wood since the 19th century. Their application to MSW is newer and still uncommon, but has some interesting advantages. External resource: Colin Furze - Wood Powered Lawn Mower: ua-cam.com/video/FK2qK-NCQH8/v-deo.html

We review combustion products from incineration and walk through calculating a mass balance on an incinerator, considering feed MSW, aeration, flue gas production, and ash production.

Modular incineration uses two types of modules: one for gasification and a second for burning out the combustible gasses, leading to a more efficient burn and a more scalable reactor. Ontario has two thermal treatment facilities, one is mass burn (Durham-York Energy Centre) and the other is modular (Emerald EfW)) External resources: Covanta - Energy-from-Waste Facility Virtual Tour [Durham-York...

We walk through mass burn incineration, including drop-off, storage and mixing, charging, combustion (and the three Ts: time, turbulence, and temperature), and energy recovery. Note: Air pollution control and ash management are discussed in later videos.

We summarize the key characteristics of incineration and start looking at a mass burn incinerator. The other main style is modular incineration. External Resource: AEB Amsterdam Grondstoffen- en energiebedrijf - Waste-to-Energy: proces explanation: ua-cam.com/video/DROZUstnsnw/v-deo.html

Heating values can be determined from calorimetry or estimated using the ultimate or proximate analysis or waste composition. Note: Be aware of whether LHV or HHV is being estimated and whether a dry or wet mass basis is used. In the example, the sample is dry so LHV=HHV.

We look at where thermal treatment fits into the waste hierarchy. External resources: Veritasium - These Pools Help Support Half The People On Earth [Potash production]: ua-cam.com/video/YMDJA4UvXLA/v-deo.html John Paul Tasker (CBC News) - Supreme Court rules Ottawa's carbon tax is constitutional: www.cbc.ca/news/politics/supreme-court-federal-carbon-tax-constitutional-case-1.5962687

While incineration can help squeeze out additional materials and energy that would not be recovered by landfilling waste, it may have higher emissions the landfilling for some materials, and will always have higher emissions than waste diverted higher up the hierarchy. External resource: Catherine Edwards (The Local - Sweden) - Why Sweden's waste imports may not be as eco-friendly as you think:...

People have been burning things for energy, materials, and waste management for a long time! Today we use incineration, gasification, and pyrolysis for waste management and we can see the main principles of each all happening in a candle flame.

8.4 Odour Collection

8.5 Odour Treatment Systems

8.3 Operational Measures for Odour Control

8.2B Odour Impact Assessment and Siting

8.2A Odour Quantification and Dynamic Olfactometry

8.1 Odour Qualification

8.0 Introduction to Odour Management

7.8C Landfill Redevelopment Part 3 - Geotechnical considerations

7.8B Landfill Redevelopment Part 2 - Land use and vegetation selection

7.8A Landfill Redevelopment Part 1

7.5F Passive LFG Venting

7.6, 7.7 Landfill Post-Closure Care and Environmental Monitoring

7.5E LFG Wellfield Balancing

7.5D Horiztonal LFG Collection Trenches

7.5C LFG Collection System Piping and Vertical Extraction Wells