- 49
- 978 686
Armchair Academics
Germany
Приєднався 11 лис 2019
Armchair Academics is an independent educational video production company that specializes in making entertaining, informational video essays and mini-documentaries on social scientific topics. Our content is published on and made freely available through UA-cam, as well as the channel’s official website. Armchair Academics exists to provide general audiences - and potential or current undergraduate students in the social sciences - with easy-to-understand, entertaining videos that demonstrate how social scientists approach and answer essential questions regarding culture, religion, and society.
Become a subscriber and help us promote social scientific literacy!
The host, Alexander K. Smith, holds a PhD in the anthropology of Tibet and the Himalayas from the University of Paris (EPHE - PSL) and a Master's in Tibetan and Himalayan Studies from the University of Oxford.
Become a subscriber and help us promote social scientific literacy!
The host, Alexander K. Smith, holds a PhD in the anthropology of Tibet and the Himalayas from the University of Paris (EPHE - PSL) and a Master's in Tibetan and Himalayan Studies from the University of Oxford.
The Tibetan Buddhist Renaissance | The Animated History of Tibet | Episode 4
How did Tibetan Buddhism become one of the dominant religious and political forces in medieval Central Asia? And how did Tibetan society recover from the disastrous fall of the Tibetan Empire to emerge as one of Asia's great centers of Buddhist learning and culture?
The "Tibetan Renaissance" refers to a period of roughly 250 years (950-1200) during which Tibetan society underwent a profound religious and political transformation, emerging from the dark ages following the collapse of the Empire to become a patchwork of vibrant Buddhist kingdoms and aristocratic estates. This episode takes us on an animated journey through the 10th, 11th, and 12th centuries, focusing on the decline of Buddhism in India, the rise of the Sarma schools of Tibetan Buddhism, and the incredible political and religious revival that took place during the Tibetan Renaissance.
The writer and director of the series, Dr. Alexander K. Smith, holds a PhD in Tibetan and Himalayan history from the University of Paris, France, and an MA from Oxford University.
This episode was co-produced by Tibet House US, which is a fantastic organization that promotes Tibetan cultural causes across the US. If you live in North America and are interested in learning more about Tibetan cultural events, you can check them out and learn more at: thus.org/.
To learn more about the history of Buddhism and Tibet, check out our series on the rise and fall of the Tibetan Empire:
Watch episode one, "The Rise of the Tibetan Empire" ua-cam.com/video/WZJSKTRwDAI/v-deo.html
Watch episode two, "The Golden Age of the Tibetan Empire" ua-cam.com/video/pDmX9kVvG44/v-deo.html
Watch episode three, "The Fall of the Tibetan Empire" ua-cam.com/video/PBFhfcOqw_g/v-deo.html
Please consider supporting our work on Patreon so that we can make more content like this in the future: www.patreon.com/armchairacademics
Buy the maps featured in this episode and other original artwork from our merch store: armchairacademicsstore.com/
Follow us on Instagram for regular project updates: animatedhistoryoftibet
Western-language Works Cited
Below you'll find a number of the major secondary sources that we used in writing this episode. There are, however, a significant number of historical articles, book chapters, and primary Tibetan-language sources that have also contributed to our understanding of the Renaissance period. Due to limited space (UA-cam only gives you 5,000 characters!), these are not referenced below. If you are interested in learning more about Tibetan history, I recommend visiting our Patreon where you will find expanded reading lists and annotated bibliographies for each episode (none of which are paywalled and are all free to use). The complete reading list for this episode will be up on Patreon shortly!
Davidson, Ronald M. 2005. Tibetan Renaissance: Tantric Buddhism in the Rebirth of Tibetan Culture. Columbia University Press.
Davidson, Ronald M. 2002. Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social history of the Tantric Movement. Columbia University Press.
Kapstein, Matthew T. 2000. The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism: Conversion, Contestation, and Memory. Oxford University Press.
Kapstein, Matthew T. 2006. The Tibetans. Blackwell Publishing, pp.84-110.
Schaeffer, Kapstein, and Tuttle (eds). 2013. Sources of Tibetan Tradition. Columbia University Press, pp. 168-190.
Schaik, Sam van. 2011. Tibet: A History. Yale University Press.
Shakabpa, Tsepon W. D. 2010. Tibet a Political History. Paljor Publications.
Smith, Warren W., Jr. 1996. Tibetan Nation: A History of Tibetan Nationalism and Sino-Tibetan Relations. Westview Press.
0:00 The geopolitical position of Tibet in the 10th century
2:00 The rise of the Kingdom of Guge-Purang
3:00 Religious reforms during the reign of Yeshe O
3:55 Trade, translation projects, and cultural exchange with Indian Buddhism
5:36 Indian Buddhist leaders begin to teach and form followings in Tibet
5:59 The decline of Buddhism in India
6:54 Religious revival on the Tibetan Plateau
7:52 How the Renaissance changed Tibetan society
8:50 Schisms form and new sects begin to emerge
9:44 Credits and Patreon plug
#animatedhistory #history #tibet
The "Tibetan Renaissance" refers to a period of roughly 250 years (950-1200) during which Tibetan society underwent a profound religious and political transformation, emerging from the dark ages following the collapse of the Empire to become a patchwork of vibrant Buddhist kingdoms and aristocratic estates. This episode takes us on an animated journey through the 10th, 11th, and 12th centuries, focusing on the decline of Buddhism in India, the rise of the Sarma schools of Tibetan Buddhism, and the incredible political and religious revival that took place during the Tibetan Renaissance.
The writer and director of the series, Dr. Alexander K. Smith, holds a PhD in Tibetan and Himalayan history from the University of Paris, France, and an MA from Oxford University.
This episode was co-produced by Tibet House US, which is a fantastic organization that promotes Tibetan cultural causes across the US. If you live in North America and are interested in learning more about Tibetan cultural events, you can check them out and learn more at: thus.org/.
To learn more about the history of Buddhism and Tibet, check out our series on the rise and fall of the Tibetan Empire:
Watch episode one, "The Rise of the Tibetan Empire" ua-cam.com/video/WZJSKTRwDAI/v-deo.html
Watch episode two, "The Golden Age of the Tibetan Empire" ua-cam.com/video/pDmX9kVvG44/v-deo.html
Watch episode three, "The Fall of the Tibetan Empire" ua-cam.com/video/PBFhfcOqw_g/v-deo.html
Please consider supporting our work on Patreon so that we can make more content like this in the future: www.patreon.com/armchairacademics
Buy the maps featured in this episode and other original artwork from our merch store: armchairacademicsstore.com/
Follow us on Instagram for regular project updates: animatedhistoryoftibet
Western-language Works Cited
Below you'll find a number of the major secondary sources that we used in writing this episode. There are, however, a significant number of historical articles, book chapters, and primary Tibetan-language sources that have also contributed to our understanding of the Renaissance period. Due to limited space (UA-cam only gives you 5,000 characters!), these are not referenced below. If you are interested in learning more about Tibetan history, I recommend visiting our Patreon where you will find expanded reading lists and annotated bibliographies for each episode (none of which are paywalled and are all free to use). The complete reading list for this episode will be up on Patreon shortly!
Davidson, Ronald M. 2005. Tibetan Renaissance: Tantric Buddhism in the Rebirth of Tibetan Culture. Columbia University Press.
Davidson, Ronald M. 2002. Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social history of the Tantric Movement. Columbia University Press.
Kapstein, Matthew T. 2000. The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism: Conversion, Contestation, and Memory. Oxford University Press.
Kapstein, Matthew T. 2006. The Tibetans. Blackwell Publishing, pp.84-110.
Schaeffer, Kapstein, and Tuttle (eds). 2013. Sources of Tibetan Tradition. Columbia University Press, pp. 168-190.
Schaik, Sam van. 2011. Tibet: A History. Yale University Press.
Shakabpa, Tsepon W. D. 2010. Tibet a Political History. Paljor Publications.
Smith, Warren W., Jr. 1996. Tibetan Nation: A History of Tibetan Nationalism and Sino-Tibetan Relations. Westview Press.
0:00 The geopolitical position of Tibet in the 10th century
2:00 The rise of the Kingdom of Guge-Purang
3:00 Religious reforms during the reign of Yeshe O
3:55 Trade, translation projects, and cultural exchange with Indian Buddhism
5:36 Indian Buddhist leaders begin to teach and form followings in Tibet
5:59 The decline of Buddhism in India
6:54 Religious revival on the Tibetan Plateau
7:52 How the Renaissance changed Tibetan society
8:50 Schisms form and new sects begin to emerge
9:44 Credits and Patreon plug
#animatedhistory #history #tibet
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Відео
The Fall of the Tibetan Empire | The Animated History of Tibet | Episode 3
Переглядів 129 тис.7 місяців тому
The Tibetan Empire was once one of the most powerful political and economic forces in the ancient world. However, in the mid-9th century, the entire empire suddenly collapsed, fracturing into minor kingdoms and warring border states. Why did the Tibetan Empire collapse? And how did the fall of the Tibetan Empire change the Buddhist cultural world? Using primary sources and recent historical res...
Animated Documentaries are More Important Than Ever, And Here's Why
Переглядів 2,2 тис.8 місяців тому
Following the recent success of animated documentaries like Tower (2016) and Flee (2021), it's no stretch of the imagination to say that animated historical documentaries are more popular and prolific than ever. But, if documentary filmmakers put a high price on realism, why are they turning to animation to tell their stories? And why, exactly, is animation so evocative in teaching us about the...
The Animated History of Tibet | 2024 Trailer
Переглядів 3,2 тис.9 місяців тому
The Animated History of Tibet is a nine-episode, fully-animated historical documentary series, written, directed, and animated by historians and artists passionate about Tibetan history and culture. The series covers the entire history of Tibet, from the earliest instances of writing on the Tibetan Plateau, through the 20th century, and into to the present day. We're currently fundraising to fi...
The Golden Age of the Tibetan Empire | The Animated History of Tibet | Episode 2
Переглядів 29 тис.10 місяців тому
For a brief period of time, the Tibetan Empire was one of the greatest military and political forces in the entire world, rivalling the Chinese Tang Dynasty, the Islamic Abbasid Caliphate, and even the once-mighty Roman Empire. In the 9th century, however, the entire empire suddenly collapsed, vanishing into history and myth. How did Tibet emerge to become one of the dominant political factions...
The Rise of the Tibetan Empire | The Animated History of Tibet | Episode 1
Переглядів 126 тис.11 місяців тому
For a brief period of time, the Tibetan Empire was one of the greatest military and political forces in the entire world, rivalling the Chinese Tang Dynasty, the Islamic Abbasid Caliphate, and even the once-mighty Roman Empire. In the 9th century, however, the entire empire suddenly collapsed, vanishing into history and myth. How did Tibet emerge to become one of the dominant political factions...
Animated History of Tibet | Production Update January 2024
Переглядів 1,8 тис.Рік тому
We're almost there! The first episode is coming out in February! So where are we as of January 2024? If you're located in the New York City area, do consider coming to the screening on the 25th of January. And, if not, keep an eye out for more screenings and events in cities near you. NYC premiere on the 25th of January 2024: events.thus.org/programs/tibet-house-movie-nights-the-animated-histor...
When did ghosts become transparent? The weird cultural history of the paranormal
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How did ghosts become transparent? Here's our spooky Halloween offering a deep dive into the cultural history of ghosts and ghost lore in Western Europe and North America. Drawing from recently published sociological and historical research, we're going to explore the historical origins of three different representations of ghosts: 1) the idea that ghosts can appear as transparent apparitions; ...
The Animated History of Tibet | Production Update October 2023
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The Animated History of Tibet | Production Update October 2023
What is the Anthropology of Religion?
Переглядів 11 тис.Рік тому
What is the Anthropology of Religion?
Five Ethnographic Books that Every Anthropologist Should Read
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Five Ethnographic Books that Every Anthropologist Should Read
What is Postcolonial Film? A Short Introduction to Postcolonialism and Cinema
Переглядів 9 тис.Рік тому
What is Postcolonial Film? A Short Introduction to Postcolonialism and Cinema
Seven Books that Will Make You THINK Like an Anthropologist
Переглядів 7 тис.Рік тому
Seven Books that Will Make You THINK Like an Anthropologist
What is Postcolonialism? A Short Introduction to Postcolonial Theory
Переглядів 110 тис.Рік тому
What is Postcolonialism? A Short Introduction to Postcolonial Theory
What is Symbolic Interactionism? The Social Construction of Reality and Microsociology Explained
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What is Symbolic Interactionism? The Social Construction of Reality and Microsociology Explained
The Anthropology of Genocide | How and Why We Study Mass Killings
Переглядів 20 тис.Рік тому
The Anthropology of Genocide | How and Why We Study Mass Killings
What to Expect in 2023 | Future Videos and an Animated History of Tibet Production Status Update
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What to Expect in 2023 | Future Videos and an Animated History of Tibet Production Status Update
What is Cultural Relativism? Definition, Strengths, and Criticisms | Theory to Go 3
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What is Cultural Relativism? Definition, Strengths, and Criticisms | Theory to Go 3
What is Visual Culture | Theory to Go 2
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What is Visual Culture | Theory to Go 2
What is Cultural Materialism? Definition, History, and Examples
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What is Cultural Materialism? Definition, History, and Examples
What's the Difference between a Society and a Culture? Theory To Go 1
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What's the Difference between a Society and a Culture? Theory To Go 1
How to Solve the Rashomon Effect | Radical Subjectivity in Qualitative Research
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How to Solve the Rashomon Effect | Radical Subjectivity in Qualitative Research
What is Critical Theory? | Definition, History, and Examples from Pedagogy of the Oppressed
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What is Critical Theory? | Definition, History, and Examples from Pedagogy of the Oppressed
Marxist Theory in Anthropology and Sociology | Materialism, Dialectics, Base and Superstructure
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Marxist Theory in Anthropology and Sociology | Materialism, Dialectics, Base and Superstructure
What is Intersectionality? Intersectional Analysis Explained in Five Minutes
Переглядів 33 тис.2 роки тому
What is Intersectionality? Intersectional Analysis Explained in Five Minutes
What is Functionalism | Sociology and Anthropology | Definition, Examples, and Criticisms
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What is Functionalism | Sociology and Anthropology | Definition, Examples, and Criticisms
2022 Channel Updates and Some Huge News
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2022 Channel Updates and Some Huge News
The 10 Most Important Theories in Social Science | Part Two
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The 10 Most Important Theories in Social Science | Part Two
The 10 Most Important Theories in Social Science | Part 1
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The 10 Most Important Theories in Social Science | Part 1
Your Social Science Questions ANSWERED | 1500 Subscribers Q&A
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Your Social Science Questions ANSWERED | 1500 Subscribers Q&A
Shalom,aumitofo
"positive social change". From a critical theory perspective, I cannot understand how the view on what is positive is not just another imposition by a poweful privileged class- namely the intellectuals who invented critical theory. Here I see the main problem with critical theory itself: once it gains social influence it becomes the exact thing it critiques: A framework of morals, norms, and views that asserts the dominance of the elites that subscribe to it. How is critical theory itself not opressive? Doesn't it run into the problem of projection: seeing in others views what it doesn't want to see in itself. Isn't the fact that this theory comes from academia, a privileged Institution a Red flag? In short: how is critical theory not an opressive thought system imposed by elites?
Just found out I am 36% Tibetan from a dna ancestry test and though it sounds familiar I know nothing of the history or the culture so now I’m on a deep dive 🥲
What about mimetic theoty?
9:04 I can see the flight of 6 bombers on the left that I can hear their engines. LoL
There's a definite chance I went a bit overboard with the birds in a few places.
Buena explicación, chico. Gracias !
Stop saying india Plz there was no indian king or empire before british made it. Address it currently. There was different kingdom and countries before and the oldest still standing is Nepalese kingdom living in mountains.
Great video! I'm planning to take master program in social sciences this year. Do you have any book recommendations to prepare myself? Thanks.
Hey there! Thanks for posting. The direction that you take your reading will definitely depend on whether you are planning to focus on qualitative or quantitative approaches to social science and the type of research you'd like to do. Ethnographic fieldwork, qualitative sociology, and quantitative sociology, for example, all have their own bodies of literature and I'd be happy to help. Let me know what interests you, and I'll see if I can offer a few accessible suggestions.
🙏🙏🙏🙏Guru Padmasambhava keep Tibet STRONG 🏋️♀️✨
Thanks lots 🎉🎉🎉🎉❤❤❤❤
Thank you for making these videos!!
Glad you like them!
As a citizen of a European post-colonial State, the criticism of postcolonialism that I find hardest to stomach is that postcolonial studies includes writings from those who violently opposed the violence the European Empires were proud to inflict on their peoples. It's not as if the former Imperial states do not, to this day, glorify those who brutally oppressed and murdered millions at the behest of their Royal and Mercantile superiors. Witness, for instance, the loud outcry throughout the old Imperial states when, during the Black Lives Matter protests, demonstrators tore down the statues of some of the Imperial era "Heroes". Post Imperial governments immediately introduced legislation to protect the statues and criminalize the protestors. Some of the same commentators who object to postcolonial studies, suggested that the government should employ extreme violence in order to protect the statues, which are, at their heart, memorials of how the predecessor Imperial governments also gloried in Extreme Violence....
Tread carefully when it comes to (((critical theory))). It’s more than meets the eye.
the animations are smooth and calming , can i ask who is the animator ?
Hey there! Thanks so much. If you'd like to know more about the art team and our production pipeline, there's plenty of info available on our website, including short bios of all of our contributing artists (armchairacademics.com/animated-history/). We also have a production Insta where we post regular updates and share information about our team as it grows (instagram.com/animatedhistoryoftibet/). Thanks again for the kind words!
You need to pay people who work in animation, design a median wage for that amount of work. This is why you give people to work long hours a salary. Basically.
Hey there. If you'd like to know more about the art team and our production pipeline, there's plenty of info available on our website, including short bios of all of our contributing artists and scholars (here: armchairacademics.com/animated-history/). Regarding budgeting and funding, the project was funded with the support of our co-producers at Tibet House US (Thus.org) over the course of two successful crowdfunding campaigns -- one in 2022 and a second in 2024. An important part of that crowdfunding was that we have enough budgeted to make sure that all of our contributing artists are paid at a good industry standard.
I can carry your video in mainland China, because young Tibetans in the northwestern region of the mainland and other regions want to know their own cultural history. If you agree, I will translate and upload it.❤
Thanks a lot for thIs video and I promise myself that I ll neVer stop learning...big yp!
Despite the Han evil throughout history, videos like in this series display the perseverance of Tibetan culture and by extension the myriad of Asian cultures suppressed by the monster that is the Chang. I pray that one day, we finally see another renaissance of Asian cultures, one where the Chang is gone.
This is so cool! Thank you for synthesizing all this information. This video series was incredible, I loved every minute of it, the music and visuals are beautiful. Excellent work all around. I hope you will choose to do another series like this in the future!
Thanks so much! Really glad to hear that you're enjoying the series. We're continuing this one, actually -- the next episode should drop in February. There's been a delay due to our art team working on a second project parallel to this one, but we're still planning on taking The Animated History of Tibet all the way up to the 20th century.
Great video! What do you use in terms of equipment? Just a regular voice recorder without microphones or a more elaborate setup? I can imagine this also matters a lot when transcribing the interviews - especially if you use automated transcription tools. I'm thinking of using a voice recorder with either Shure SM-58s or lavalier microphones for my next project. Would love to get your thoughts on this. Thanks in advance!
Hey there! Thanks for the kind words. That's a great question, as well. For the majority of my fieldwork, I worked in relatively remote locations. This limited the equipment I could carry and, as an anthropologist, I preferred to keep my recording equipment as inconspicuous as possible. As a consequence, I've always tended to favor smaller handheld recorders. They pick up a lot of ambient noise, which can be a downside, but ambient audio also provides a lot of qualitative value as an anthropologist (side-conversations, songs, and ambient environmental sounds, for example, can all have value for that kind of work). With that said, if you're working in a more controlled setting and want to put the quality of the audio at the forefront of what you're doing, then a Shure MB-58 (or something equivalent) would be more than adequate. If it's for qualitative work, however, I would still probably prefer a lavalier microphone for interviews. People tend to forget that lapel mics are there and speak a little bit more naturally to interviewers once you get the ball rolling. I find that larger mics also draw a lot of attention and people tend to ask how and where they should speak into the microphone, which pulls subjects out of the conversation and encourages them to perform their identity rather than to respond naturally to questions. With that said, the process of attaching a lav mic can be intrusive and might not always be appropriate... particularly if you're interviewing multiple subjects and do not have a prior relationship with the interviewees. Ultimately, however, it all really comes down to what the setting will be (a studio vs a controlled fieldwork setting vs an unpredictable fieldwork setting would all benefit from different approaches to recording audio) and your needs and expectations as a researcher. Good luck!
the way you speak is so clear and understandable, but you still don't boil down any super important details or nuances- this was so helpful for a project I'm working on for my english class!! thanks so much!!
Thanks! I really appreciate the kinds words. Glad to hear it was helpful... and good luck with the work!
This channel is great and provides interesting and good content
Thanks so much! Means a lot.
Basically, it's all about spreading hatred towards white people and pretending that non-white people never did the same thing. And in the miniscule number of occasions that they are confronted by the uncomfortable facts of non-white colonialism... it will be downplayed as much as is humanly possible. And then almost immediately switched back to focus on white people.
You are speaking . I am listening. That's all I am able to understand
Criminally underrated
The forefathers of the Tibetans would never have expected their country to be what they are today - annexed by China. At least the Mongolians still have a country, Mongolia - albeit a weak nation.
A very biased version of this theory.
The Tibetan Emperors belonged to the stock of human race that grow Beard on the chin , small patch above and below the lower lip and mustache. Thick black beard on the cheeks in the figures of Emperors is incorrect in this video cartoon illustrating report.
👍👍🙏🏻🙏🏻❤️
0:57 "Critical Theorists attempt to use ACADEMIC SCHOLARSHIP" So they abuse their employment positions to advance their political ideology. Great!
wow, Mead looked old for 38 0:29
Which is why the social sciences aren't science.
Question: When did Songdetsen become an emperor?
Hey there! It's not entirely clear. A lot of popular accounts have it that he took the throne in 618; however, some specialists in Dunhuang sources, like Prof. Brandon Dotson, argue that he was enthroned in 612. That's from Dotson's book "The Old Tibetan Annals: An Annotated Translation of Tibet's First History". Keep in mind when Songtsen Gampo was born there was no official written language, so the record is a bit patchy but becomes more precise towards the end of his reign.
Edit: I should add that ^^ that's when he became the recognized patriarch and head of the Yarlung Dynasty, but the question of when the Tibetan empire 'began' is a bit more open to interpretation. For my part, I would argue that the annexation of Zhang Zhung (644/645) is the first period when we can justifiably refer to Tibet as an imperial state. But you could just as easily argue that it happens towards the beginning of his reign, or even later during the conquests and territorial consolidation of the so-called "Mgar supremacy" following Songtsen Gampo's death.
Great! Thank you!!!
You have given CT a whole lot my insight than I do. I look at it as a bad thing, that the Communist unreleased on the world and we are still dealing with the propaganda from it.
U ate with this ngl. Well Done!!!
Tibet was never historically part of China and even imperial archives from Yuan, Ming & Qing dynasties prove it. The official maps of each empire show Tibet outside of & separate from China.
Great video! The quality is great, keep this up 👍
Thank you! 👍
Very insightful. Thank you!
Also explain the origin of Balti and Ladakh people, from the Tibet
dont know what i want to do with my life, this really helped me narrow it down. thank you
The feminist postcolonial perspective is completely absent to this video. As it is the sexualized bodies of the colonial subjects even in some of the films discussed in the video. For a film to decolonize the spectators gaze it needs to flip the colonial script and representation alone is not always enough to justify a movie as postcolonial.
I m Bhutanese and desendent of Tibetan king from Lhasey Tsangma. A Tibetan prince in exile who settled in Bhutan .9th century, Thank u for the great content.
You're most welcome! Very glad that you're enjoying it!
New Discourses's channel has videos that can add greatly to understanding this topic.
🙏🏼🌈 Thankyou for inviting questions. >>> i would love to know when was the height of the creation and use of (( sky caves)) in Nepal/ Tibet.
Hey there! Sorry that it took me so long to get to this one. It's a great question and I actually have a number of former colleagues that were on the team that conducted the first serious work on the shaft tombs in Mustang. I've never been myself, I'm afraid, and many of the shaft-tomb sites, which are sometimes colloquially called 'sky caves', (including the major necropolis discovered in Samdzong in 2009) have never been fully excavated. So there are quite a few unknowns. However, the C-14 and AMS dating that they've done, in combination with various bone and tooth samples collected from Samdzong, suggest that the sites were active from the early 5th century AD to the late 9th century, arguably reaching an apex in the 7th century. There's quite a bit of accessible literature written on the site. If you're not an archaeologist or anthropologist, the most accessible is probably written by Mark Altenderfer; however, if you can parse some academic jargon, there's great (more recent) work done on the necropoli in Mustang by Giovanni Massa, Marcos Martinón-Torres, and my former classmate Samara Broglia (who's currently leading a major French-funded dig in the region).
@ many thanks ~ i really appreciate your thoughtful response and the general idea of centuries ~ i wanted to place at least when people would have been there; in whatever capacity. Again, many thanks. ( i had recurring outside of time experience of being in one ~ from young childhood thru til about 43 yrs. i was there, then would pop back and never did it come to the level of talking about it.